Concentrating Sulfuric acid via distillation
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- Опубликовано: 12 сен 2024
- I don't really make it clear, but this is a very dangerous thing to do. 300 degree 98% sulphuric acid is insanely dangerous and you need to be wearing appropriate safety gear to ensure you do not ever have skin contact with the concentrated acid. Also, you must be sure your glassware is capable of withstanding the conditions
Concentrated sulfuric on your skin isn't a huge deal as long as you wash it off asap. How ever like stated when its heated over 300c its totally different, any contact with skin will instantly blacken it. Nasty nasty stuff when hot.
If its heated over 100c I don't want it anywhere near my skin
What would you need 300C sulfuric acid for? (Serious question, have a very curious personality)
The stuff is annoying enough to work with at RT, RIP thousands of lab coats yearly.
@@seavpal Sulfuric boils around 300C when it in the high 90% range. So to distill/concentrate it you need to heat it to that temp.
That is totally not true man. I got drain cleaner on my skin once because I drop the bottle any fucking exploded everywhere and that burnt like a son of a whore.
@@seavpalyou can always use a vacuum distillation setup to reduce the atmospheric pressure and this reducing the boiling point of all chemicals. The boiling point is proportional to the pressure its subjected it. All you Gotta do is set up a vacuum distillation chamber with the proper glassware and hope to God that doesn’t blow up on you from the vacuum alone 🤣😅. This can be avoided of course by knowing what you’re doing and going slow oh, and the more important one proper equipment, rated for vacuum distillation and not some cheap Chinese knock off you found on Amazon with a little serrated vacuum adapter port on the side, been there, done that, glass everywhere, bloody diarrhea and alimony payments due.
good call for the sand bath rather than oil bath. Even silicon oil starts smoking at around 200°C...
Is Paraffin Wax any good as a heating oil?
@@NeuronalAxon depends on what you're trying to heat or cool. Paraffin is flammable as well, so be careful on how you heat it if you try
@@joshhill4903 you can set candle wax on fire if you microwave it long enough. So I'm sure if you get the pure paraffin hot enough it'll definitely just start burning out of nowhere and ruin your day.
@@OkieDokieSmokie hence why I said be- careful.
@Ok Ok I'd love to hear about the situation where you found out that candle wax can burst into flames in a microwave!
Why wasn't this isn't on the main channel? this is awsome stuff man!
Not enough explosions and/or fire!
but thanks, glad you liked it!
@@ExtractionsAndIre for me this is the main channel 😀
Where did you get that data sheet from? Great video btw
+Guevara1015 www.jacobs.com/uploadedFiles/wwwjacobscom/20_Learn_About_Us/25_Products/252_Chemetics/Sulfuric%20Acid%20Concentration.pdf
Thanks :)
thanks, really good of you
@@ExtractionsAndIre "Please, where did you get that Data from?" I have been trying to lay my hand on that Data sheet to no avail. The link provided above is not functional.
If you boil down your sulphuric acid until fuming you’re halfway there just means you can put more in your flask and get there quicker
I've had problems with sand baths taking way to long to heat up. a simple nitric acid distillation took over 14 hours but i didn't think of using an oil bath.
You can use a combination tlo
"My rudimentary understanding of chinese". I took that as "all Chinese made items break before they should, so how would it ever exceed expectations"
oh man...your neighbors have to love you mate....sound of a old compressor every 8 Minutes...haha :D
I personally would LOVE to be his neighbour. The compressor noise would be more than worth it to live next door to a chemistry/explosives buddy!
So essentially you can just boil the water off leaving a 98% thick oily acid
I'm just getting around 95% conc.sulfuric acid as results by boiling a car battery acid
@@Coticosimo that's good, 95% is fine for making most HEs, if that's your intention
@@Coticosimo how it should be 98%
You can only get to around 90% by boiling since it doesn't just boil all of the water off. If that did work you could get 100%, but it stops at 90% because it will start boiling off the acid along with the water.
@@EdwardTriesToScience so how do people make it to 98%?
grate video just need a tripod to avoid motion sickness other than that your doing grate keep them coming .
Tommo was a chemist, Tommo is no more - what Tommo thought was H20, was H2SO4
Good show squire, keep it up. Stay safe, love ya work
So many of the science
can you use a metal powder instead of sand in your sand bath? for example iron powder . It should have better thermal cinductivity than sand . My sulfuric acid starts to boil after 1.5 hours , in sand bath i mean
Strongly not advised, if the flask breaks boiling sulfuric has violent reactions with a lot of different metal powder or shavings. Finding a metal that doesn't react or have oxides that react with the acid is more trouble then its worth. Sand takes a while to heat up but does retain heat pretty we'll and is pretty inert.
@@kieranodea771 now i just using heating mantle
If you're starting from reasonably pure acid to begin with there's really no reason to use a distillation apparatus. I typically use a coffee pot which is borosilicate just like lab ware is, I add some hydrogen peroxide to oxidize any organic impurities and boil it in open air until it reaches the white fuming stage. Needless to say this is NOT to be done indoors even if you have a fume hood. And keep a sizable amount of baking soda water on hand.
Wouldn't your yield be really bad at that concentration though?
@@Ioun267 Your yield will be pretty close to quantitative regardless of initial concentration since the boiling point of sulfuric acid is more than double the boiling point of water.
yea. That's the way to go. At least with sulfuric
Well you are boiling it anyway, might just as well distill it.
Hi mate, is there an impurity in this batch of acid or did your boiling chips contaminate the boiling flask? when I do this, I use inert boiling chips and distil the water over, then decant the concentrated acid left behind in the boiling flask, it saves a lot of time if the purity out of the bottle is good enough
Hey mate, yeah it would save quite some time and a lot of heating power. I have a feeling that yellow colour did come from my flask or boiling chips, because when I did the 50 -> 80% with the mantle again with a different flask, it stayed clear. I dont think theres anything in the acid to worry about
+Extractions&Ire OK good, nice work using the air compressor, I'll be doing that to from now on instead of chancing it with water. I'll concentrate some of my acid in the next few days and let you know how it goes.
@@nedshead5906 - And how did it go?
@@NeuronalAxon i guess we'll never know
@@wezerd - Oh well, shame. He has some interesting looking stuff on his channel.
Wow. Learned a lot by stearing at the dark. Thanks
Science jar.
Why don't use Graham condenser 🤔 still give a little room for high acid to start condensing via the tube before condenser prevent entering direct into the water?
why didnt you cycle oil and not air?
+сталкер чворович oil still takes the heat out really well (being a liquid, the heat transfer is just better than air's) so you have the same problem with the high temp gradient at the start of the condenser, although yes it is better than water as there's no hot conc. sulfuric + water reaction to worry about.
Also, my water pump sits in a bucket and needs at least 1L of fluid to work properly, maybe even 1.5L when you account for all the tubing and condenser. And I don't have that much mineral oil on hand. And I'm not using a flammable engine oil, that wouldn't be great...
Extractions&Ire makes sense lol thanks
You may have already made a video about extracting white phosphorus from urine and if so I'd love a link. I'm a new subscriber but so if you have forgive me for asking however I'd love to see a video on doing so. Why waste urine lol. Anyway I want to make red phosphorus which I'll likely just allow the white phosphorus to sit until it naturally changes even though I have seen your video on that process it's just to dangerous for me lol. I'd love to have a nice chunk of white but I'd rather have something more stable. One reason I want it is to make blasting caps arrows and stuff like that for fun.
There is no white phosphorous on urine.
@@theterribleanimator1793 well from what I've heard it does contain white phosphorus and it's not to difficult to extract. I read somewhere that you allow the urine to sit for a while mix a few easy to get items with it then boil it with the vapors bubbling through water which will leave a white waxy substance being white phosphorus. I'm not sure how true this is as I've never tried it but maybe you might wanna look it up and see what you think.
@@my2centz196 "Around 1669 he heated residues from boiled-down urine on his furnace until the retort was red hot, where all of a sudden glowing fumes filled it and liquid dripped out, bursting into flames. He could catch the liquid in a jar and cover it, where it solidified and continued to give off a pale-green glow. What he collected was phosphorus, which he named from the Greek word for "light-bearing" or "light-bearer."
Wikipedia. "Hennig Brand". accesed at 12/17/2019. available at 'en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hennig_Brand'.
Yes there is phsophorous, but in its salt form, mos phobably in phosphate as it comes out from the cells as spent atp wich it cant turn back into the energetic compnd the cell needs.
As for the procedure made by Henning, he took the dry urine, put it in a furnace, and heated it, problably at temperatures above 800°C, and collected the fuming stuff. You can a much, MUCH better result taking some phosphorated fertilizer you can buy for cents per kilo and and heat it with a torch until it glows right white(indicating above 900°C), and just putting the almost molten salt into a closed pan, waiting until it gets cold, and recovering it.
This way your house wont smell like piss for the rest of the year.
So no, there is no white phosphorous in your urine, if that were the case, your jaw you glow in the dark.
@@theterribleanimator1793 lol that's sounds like what I read but I also read that you mix a few items with the urine and then boil it with the vapors bubbling through water which would leave white waxy drops that will collect together in the water eventually turning into red phosphorus which is what I want. I don't do any experiments in the kitchen or anywhere else in the house for that matter. My wife would probably murder me if I thought about it. It did say that the white drops would glow in the dark for a few hour so maybe theirs something to this.
@@my2centz196 Okay, you're not experienced enought to do this sinthesis by yourself. Understand that if you go through with this, and you AT ANY POINT breath in those fumes, you're fucked, your insurance isnt going to pay up for your mistake. But i also know it wont deter your curious mind from doing it, so i'll help.
First things first, you need a source of phosphor, DO NOT USE YOUR PISS, trust me i've tried urea extraction and boiling thats stuff will piss off you whole neighborhood, and you will get a shit product. Instead pay for some fertilizer with high phophorous, you will find it just about anywhere. last case scenario grind some bones and roast them.
After getting this source of phosphorous, you will need to heat them up to no end, in a place with high wind as to not get poisoned (btw, gasmask dont work with phosphor fumes, as they are not attracted to the activated carbon in the filter, your best bet is staying away from it). You will need a source of heat, be it electric, or gas (Recomened since the gas exhaust will drive off oxygen that would set it on fire, releasing fumes).
You will need safety equipment, face mask is a must if you want to be a model in the future, Heavy duty gloves, preferably leather, and tongs(reallly anything that will keep a distance between you and the hot stuff).
Then you will need somewhere to do the reaction, a pot placed on the ground, in a hole where it can dissipate heat fast is reccomended. The way you will do this is as follows:
Make a hole in the ground that is deep enought for the pot to hold itself without letting the bottom touch the earth, but the sides make good contact with the earth, this way the sides are cool, and the bottom is hot.
When you heat up the phosphorous salt in the fertilizer it will decompose into red phosphor and water. the water will be driven off with the heat, and the same heat will polimerize the red phosphor into white phosphor wich will imidietly vaporize. This white vapor (wich is absolutely deadly) will condense in the cold sides of the pot, but since the sides are also hot, and the phosphour hasnt had time to polimerize itself completely, it will reamin a liquid.
do this for a reasinable amount of time, remembering to stay upwind to avoid your death, nad having the lid semi closed to catch any stray white phosphour and not allow air back in. as soon as you're done, close the lid and put a wheight on it, wait until it is cool enought to open the lid and stand back. A metric fuckton of that white fume will come out, it is phosphoric acid and it will melt your trackea (no gasmask you can buy will protect you against it). ass soon as the fumes die out (remember to keep the lid semi closed), you can scoop up your poisonous phosphour from the sides with a spoon and put it in a jar with some water in it.
REMINDER: If your insurance find out that the reason your lungs turned into mush and you are glowing in the dark is because you were stupid enought to try and sinthesize this fucking mess without atleas a bachelor degree in chemistry, you will be several thousand dollars into debt. BE WISE AND DONT DO IT. DONT BE STUBBORN LIKE ME AND FUCK YOUR BODY UP.
Hey, in one of your videos you said that one of your condensers broke (a piece of glass broke off from the top part of the outer jacket, I think), was that the pop that I heard @ 10:17?
Doesn't sound like the popping of glass, I think he accidentally kicked a rock or something.
Them shoes?
If the sulphuric acid is very clean but just diluted, can you not evaporate all the water off at 200 deg C?
Hey man it might be a good idea to use an air condenser instead of a water condenser. If the liquid bumps in the condenser and crack/breaks the cold water meating that hot acid will cause rapid expansion and likely an explosion. It wont that be dangerous shrapnel wise(maybe lose an eye to the glass) however very hot sulfuric acid spraying every where is life threatening.
Good video. But do yourself a favor though. Get yourself a tripod please. Found myself a bit motion sick at times...
can;t you just use a simple tube condenser ?
I think i messed my joints up with sand can i use teflon to seal for h2so4 distillation?
Use H2so4 to grease the joints. It sounds weird, but the really hot acid you are distilling will attack almost anything else. Have fun, and be careful!
would have been cool if you weight 100ml to get its actual concentration
however, still very good video
When I heated 500ml of clean 38% battery acid to 380 deg C, it never boiled, it only steamed. Why is that? I ended up with 190ml of 94.5% H2SO4. Also, 1.285g per ml on the lable equates to 70.2% acid, not 38%. I don't understand why that is. Can you please explain? I did this outside on a hotplate and had no foil covering the beaker.
insulate with refractory wool
Good idea, some mantles like my new one goes up to 450°c. Bit of kaowool and tin foil this should be doable.
Wonder if water cooling is actually bad idea or not 🤔
Is it possible to concentrate 12% sulfuric acid to 98%?
Yes, but first you need boil water out to 90%, and next you can start distilation. You can boil it before in beaker or in another chemical flask
Greetings Excellent Video I have a question Can you increase the acid concentration using a vacuum pump Or you can decrease the process time by applying a vacuum to the distillation.
You can, but the acid vapor would destroy the pump, so it would be a rather expensive thing to do since you'd need a new pump after every distillation
Joints leaking? At least its selve sealing.. yo... Sulfuric acid..
"It´s pulling the water out of the ground and making it into carbon." Magical acid??
When distilling sulphuric acid, can I use a PTFE magnetic stir bar or will it get totally destroyed at 380 deg C?
It'll get destroyed
Nice vid mate
Greetings, we provide the Silicon Carbide Heat-Exchanger for Hydrogen fluoride, Nitric acid, phosphoric acid and other complex condition all over the world.
I know this vid is ancient, but fvck it. The label on your heating mantle has no useful info. The text above the dial is just the product name, and below us just the manufacturing date and location.
Its fake how you keep this acid in plastic galon... How. How
Many plastics (especially ones that contain Fluorine-Carbon bonds) can withstand the extreme properties of Sulphuric acid, even at azeotropic concentrations at ambient temperatures. These plastics (HDPE, polyethylene, Teflon) are not the same as those which are used to contain butter or milk and are (presumably) used instead of low-carbon steels because of cost.
A lot of plastics are acid resistant, as the other posters have mentioned.
Acid is sold in plastic containers very often
breaking bad intensifies
Them shoes?