Making Sulfuric Acid using the Chamber Process
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- Опубликовано: 26 авг 2024
- I experiment with one of the oldest methods for industrial sulfuric acid production.
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Cody, as a retired chemical engineer and practicing home chemist, and after only seeing this one video, I must say that you are a knowledgeable and skilled presenter. Your beloved relaxed attitude belies your knowledge of chemistry and physics. Thanks for this fine chamber process video. If one more person says "this is a lot of work" or "uses sulfuric acid to make sulfuric acid" I'm going to puke.
or "add acid to water," I will double puke.
"I think its stuck, I hate when that happens."
[Pulls out blowtorch]
[Applause]
I much prefer the wood block for a stuck joint tbh. But in organic chemistry you tend to have salts in there and the blowtorch don't work too good...
Yo I was like wtf when I seen that 🤣
When a video starts with Cody wearing gloves or other protection, you know the shit's about to go down!
Or he's doing math.
@@garethbaus5471 Cant touch that toxic math!
Uhg! Why Is it that I have to see the mistake in my chemical equations only now that I cant change it?
Cody'sLab lol try ap Chem tests realizing the mistake you’ve made 10 minutes after you turned it in.
Time to go back to the future!
At least you saw it at all, right
Way she goes, bud.
Murphy's
Today we will be making gold. The first ingredient is gold.
You can substitute the sulfuric in the sulfur dioxide generator with hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid) or any acid really, sodium bisulfate works
@@EdwardTriesToScience no u
@@EdwardTriesToScience I'll give that a shot with Citric!
Citric might not work but the pH is lower than sulfur dioxide so I don't see why it shouldn't work
@@EdwardTriesToScience Depends on the Electrostatic Difference between the Acid and the Base, I'm sure.
Damn, has it really been that long since High School Chem?
1... 2... 3... 4... FOUR decades, and change! Yes, it has. Time to do some homework!
"It's time to replace the atmosphere. *starts generating toxic gasses* " Evil Cody - 2018
this calls for a cartoon in which good cody fights evil cody
That 12 minutes went by like nothing, I love when Cody does chemistry
That boil down of the H2SO4 must have been VERY good, the fuming was extreme when transferred to the beaker, and I've never seen sugar outgas like that on contact. Seems like you got into Oleum territory somehow.
@@AB-80X Remember that he had *just* been blowtorching the neck of that flask, so the neck (and top portion of the flask) was likely still very hot. As he poured out the acid, it would have been suddenly heated by contacting that hot glass. I think that was likely the cause of the initial fuming.
GUYS, he's using goggles, glasses, AND chemistry equations! Cody, congratulations on the methodology. Never change the layout from this, we like knowing what chemistry you're using without writing it down ourselves.
I love the sulfuric acid and sugar reaction at the end, yours went pretty fast
Looks like that sugar was pleased to see Cody.
I would call that a success. Haven't done the exact math, but for the volumes of the gasses used you couldn't really expect much more sulfuric acid. 20ml of supposedly 90-95% acid is probably around 35g or roughly 1/3 mol. The amount of gases used for a 100% yield would be roughly 7.5L SO2 and 3.75L O2 so just over 11L total. That chamber doesn't look much bigger than 20L perhaps. That's just crude math done in my head after a shot of whiskey so I may be wrong.
HOW IS THIS 45 MINUTES AGO!?!?!
haha i guess he might be switching out the SO2generator, this reaction did a complete reaction I guess maybe some H2S2O7 was made since H2SO4 + SO2 + 1/2 O2 -----> H2S2O7
Travis Sprout Patreon
*Raises glass*
@@RoflCraft96 Looking at the end result, that might indeed be Oleum. The chamber process is able to yield a very pure H2SO4 as well as H2S2O7.
I wonder if it is pure H2SO4 and not H2S2O7. Reason is that the pure oxygen he used is dry, thus he was able to make a mixture that was beyond azeotropic.
I'm feeling humbled 😊
Sulfuric Acid hello acid, we meet again. Remember when you burner my pinkie on the 8th of August, 2004? You were so sassy back then, you probably won't even remember what you and I were like together
you need to go out
Oh yes. I love me some Cody'slab.
Truly Infamous do you like to eat him. It sounds like you want aka i love me some nice cody's lab
your profile picture is fabulous.
Hendrik Granna who me
Oh yes. me too
Love me some lab, long time. 💙💚💛💜
I don't care what video you make, I'm watching it. You're my weekly chemistry teacher. keep it up. I appreciate the work you do.
I read in an old chemistry text book that its possible to start with elemental sulphur, mixed with a smaller amount of sodium of potassium nitrate, ignite the mixture and suspend it in the lead chamber. The sulphur burns, mostly combining with atmospheric oxygen to form SO2, but a small amount is oxidised by the nitrate producing some nitric oxide which is soon oxidised to NO2. From then on it pretty much follows the route in Cody's video. I suspect it might take a lot longer to rub but you dont need any acids to start the process.
I love how much you love chemistry... and I love your channel. Thank you!!!!!!
If Cody was frozen in carbonite, would the result be CodySlab?
Make a mold of Cody.
Fill mold with chocolate.
Integrate choco-Cody into a slab of chocolate.
Result: Cody Solo in Chocolite.
Hahahaha!
😂😂😂
Grant thompson is that you?
I can't be the only one who has no idea what cody is talking about but yet still watch every video no matter what the topic is
I actually flinched when you poured the acid on the sugar 😂
Fantastic video as always!
cool demonstration. for bigger scale, you could use your pressure vessel (the one you use as a huge vacuum chamber) and pressurize by remotely making the gasses directly in the chamber.
of course, one would have to protect the steel chamber. i am thinking, treating it with hot phosphoric acid to make an insoluble coating...
Thomas Schneeberger sulphuric and nitric acid but remove phosphate coatings. You would need a suphate passivation but that is water soluable sadly. Cc sulphuric acid passivates iron but it wouldn't work here. Maybe chromium steel would do the job.
Or perhaps chro-va, the material used for wrenches. Vanadium could make it work
...or he could coat the whole interior with lead. should passivate.
Your might want to consider roasting some ore (e.g., from your mining series) to get the sulfur dioxide.
There was more fun and education in those 12 minutes than I had in a whole term studying A level Chemistry!
Fond memories. First unit that I worked in as a process engineer in an oil refinery was a sulfuric acid plant. Burned H2S and elemental sulfur to produce the S02 (as well as weak acid purged from another unit). Used a vanadium catalyst to convert to S03. Some parts of the plant were lead lined steel, some were fiberglass, etc. The sulfuric acid was used in part in an alkylation unit to produce gasoline from isobutane.
Wow! Cody is working with actuall lab appartus! I thought that he would rig up his own apparatus as usuall.
He made the beakers out of silica sand.
Cody have you read about the recent findings with splitting CO2 molecules into CO using nickel atoms? Is there any way you could show something like this or maybe another way of splitting atmospheric CO2? As you probably know CO can be mixed with water to make hydrogen and water to make alcohol and hydrocarbons. This stuff is really cool because if fuel (hydrogen) can be derived from CO2 and water, enough industry will pull out alot of CO2 to cool the planet.
Cool! Commenting just to follow up in case it starts a conversation.
Apparently we've gotten pretty good at combining CO2 and H2 together to make formic acid (and formic acid can be decomposed to CO and H2O) so if you're interested in this type of stuff there's a lot of research papers available on the subject if you want to check it out :) And also don't forget about the CO2 + C CO equilibrium, depending on the temp and pressure you can manipulate which way the reaction goes
There's been some discussion of using the Sabatier reaction (CO2 + H2 - -> CH4 + 2H2O) and electrolysis of water (2H2O --> 2H2 + O2) to convert CO2 from the martian atmosphere into methane fuel. The idea is to avoid having to carry enough fuel for a round trip on a manned mission: instead you send an automated fuel plant a few years in advance, and when your astronauts get to Mars there's already a return trip's worth of fuel waiting for them.
I've seen variations on this so many times. Since hydrocarbon fuels end up burning to CO2 and water, if you start with those materials, make fuels from them, and then burn them, you'll consume just as much energy making the fuels as you'll release burning them. It's not really an energy source, at best it's a form of energy storage (albeit a potentially useful one). It also doesn't remove CO2 from the atmosphere, since the CO2 returns during the industrial process.
The best way to remove CO2 from the atmosphere is photosynthesis. If you care about the environment, plant trees.
nerd1000ify except that somehow you have to carry to Mars the hydrogen necessary for the reaction- either as H2 or as H2O. I also think the concentration of CO2 on Mars woul make this even more uneconomic.
I really appreciate how you go about things the hard way on purpose.
The best part about these vids is the setup straight out of a horror film. Hollywood should let cody do some sets for them.
“Making nitric acid is a lot of work” I felt like that was a lot of work
Watch his video refining uranium. That was work!
Rigel2112 I’ve seen it but there’s other ways. Not as concentrated but did you see his video on sparking electricity through air then bubbling it through water.
Now we need a how to on plutonium and were set to conquer n. Korea.
He did one on Uranium and how to make yellow cake (a precursor to stuff much nastier)
"Alright everyone, welcome back to Cody's Lab!"
-Cody'sLab
That ending, that must've been pretty darn concentrated
Omg I jumped when the sugar turned black! That was awesome!
The black gloves make you look like evil scientist! Dr. C-Don!
You could probably speed up the process by sticking the chamber on one of those ultrasonic transducers that mists the water.
That'd be a bit less authententic though
Im sure it would destroy in nitric acid
@DiaveD why would it?
Commercial ultrasonic transducers have a metal casing. That will dissolve in nitric acid contaminating the product. The only materials that can withstand reliably nitric acid and nitrogen oxides are glass and ptfe.
your phrasing in your first comment was a little confusing
Always do things as you oughta, add the acid to the water!
great vid, thanks!
Coloradan here with a glass-on-glass tip. My bong has the same kind of connection and I use a butter knife and gently tap the side to "unstick" them. It doesn't take much force at all, and usually only one or two taps to vibrate them loose.
Are we going to be seeing some mining episodes this summer Cody?
Yes pls!
He pulled his mining videos 'cause RUclips would give him a strike for using explosives in it
+1
DieHard Jarzyna I thought you said mines exploding for a minute there, lol.
Psst. He's building his fusion reactor there
AvE has BOLTR's. Cody has BOLCR's (Bored of Lame Chemical Reactions)
What does BOLTR’s mean?
@nick bored of lame tool reviews.
Wuuz thanks;)
Nick SB bored of lame tool reviews
@@Wuuz I had been wondering what BOLTR stood for.
When I was a kid I don't remember getting to see anyone actually /doing/ chemistry. As an adult, even knowing what's going on in seems like magic. I think, and hope you're inspiring people growing up today to be interested in this stuff. There's probably a lot of people that never knew they would be interested.
Am I the only one who thinks Cody is on a few gov watch lists? Keep up the good work Cody!
Nope. I'm sure many of us are as well just for watching this.
But won’t it be problematic if the reaction was actually taken in a lead lined chamber, as the nitric acid will react with lead and form lead nitrate, and in the presence of sulfuric acid, the nitrate will reform nitric acid and further attack the remaining lead?
Aussie Chemist lolz dude once the nitric acid reacts with lead it's gone as the salt, it won't get regenerated. Then the sulfuric acid produced at that point will catalyze the rest of the reaction
Pb(NO3)2 + H2SO4 = PbSO4 + 2HNO3
Aussie Chemist and then a layer of insoluble PbSO4 would form which can't be attacked by HNO3. Either way you put it the walls are going to be fine.
Spooky Wizard that happens only when the lead sulphate is formed directly on the surface of lead, the lead sulphate that forms under this type of condition is not as structurally sound as the lead sulphate that is formed with by reacting only Sulfuric acid and lead. Besides with this much stirring that was going on, I highly doubt it will stay intact
Lead doesn’t dissolve well in a mix of nitric and sulfuric acid. Similar to how silver won’t dissolve in nitric mixed with hydrochloric.
Does the dehydrated sugar burn well?
You are getting industrial with you chemistry Mr Cody.
Cody is the reason I’m one of the best in my class at science
@Cody'sLab Just an idea, but maybe something to consider if it doesn't take a lot of work. If you talk to the right of your microphone most of the video, maybe you could make your video with mono sound. I think it might be more pleasant to listen to.
Johnny has no hands
Johnny has no floor
What Johnny thought was H2O
Was H2SO4
Johnny, finding life a bore
Drank some H2SO4
Johnny's father, an MD
Gave him CaCO3.
Now Johnny's neutralised, it's true -
but he's full of CO2!
;) The version I know is "Poor old John is dead and gone, his face you'll see no more, for what he thought was H2O was H2SO4"
Shouldn't there be an Alien Xenomorph reference in here someplace.
Impressive!!! I feel inadequate-
You said they used to do this reaction in a cathedral size lead lined wooden box. Just thinking how long it would take to make that structure is mind blowing. Great vid yet again. TkEZ»UK
I wasn't going to watch this video, but I was happy to see you've put everything I wanted to see inside. I'm HAPPY
Great video, but your mining and refining videos are by far the best.
Never skip ads on Cody Videos people !!
Bradyn Austin he doesn't really care about ad revenue, but it's good that you like supporting him
Oh fuck i had adblock on, gotta turn that shit off and watch the video a couple times over again.
It's not like he really gets anything from the ads.
Have you seen how demonetization hurts youtubers? Of course ad revenue helps small channels like Cody. Even if it's a few hundred bucks a month, he can use that to buy glassware or hot plates or chemicals for new experiments.
Of course he cares about ad revenue.
ads only generate revenue if you click on them. watching them or skipping them wont matter orr would bring pennies per 1000.
Cody's comment at the very end of the video was what got me
*Chuckling*"That's the best smelling thing I've made all day!"
Hey! I may not know a lot about those stuff but I sure am learning a lot!
*Thanks Cody!♥️*
Cody: it's stuck!
Proceeds to pull out a blow torch.
THE FOX --- Yes, it's a good way to do it.
Me: gets my hand stuck
Cody: proceeds to pull out some thermite
LMAO !
At least he didn't get the butter out.
That's when you should be afraid...
well, that was totally over complicated. Maybe something with V2O5 next time?
you have the handwriting of a true scientist, cody.
So glad to see your channel back up and running. I learned about you from AvE and when you started taking flak from RUclips he spoke up and said what was happening to you was a travesty although not in such kind words lol. I am being respectful on your channel cause you are one of few RUclipsr's who keep it clean. Thank you for that. Although I cuss a lot, it is nice to see there are a few good people out there who don't need to use filthy language.
Heres a random question, if you were approached by a production company that wanted to make Bill-Nye style practical science videos, with a budget for sets and motion graphics to aid in explaining the science, but for a teenage-young adult audience, would you do it?
Maxwell I think one of the appeals for him doing his own thing is he is not constricted to any set parameters that would come along with televised programs. If an experiment takes longer than expected, no biggie, he has other things he can fall back on until things get back on track.
Why would he want to associate himself with a poser like Nye?
@@pixelpatter01 poser?
Oh- please say yes!
How to impress girls? Adding water to acid.
You madman
@Ayan Das
Especially if you use HSO3Cl. This will please them the most.
Love the chemical reaction cards, allows me to understand what's going on. A wonderful addition !
That Cody success chuckle gets me everytime!
How were these acids first refined hundreds of years ago?
Bilbo_Gamers the same concept, just with more crude machinery and non-chemical sources of oxygen and sulphur dioxide
So the study of Vitriol is an ancient roman study of glassy minerals from which acid can be derived from. The name Pedanius Dioscorides comes up a lot. Not the pre-Socratic philosopher but some roman chemist/medic. I see here that they were roasting something called Iron(II) sulfate. I'm more into humanities than stem but i'd love to see Cody do it medieval style!
Bilbo_Gamers Cooking iron sulfate gave the SO3 gas Cody was trying to get here. SO3 just reacts with water to give sulfuric acid. Otherwise if you start with SO2 you have to oxidize with oxygen to get SO3 and hence sulfuric acid
They had leeches eat sulfur and then they squeezed them.
It just seems like a bit of a chicken-and-egg situation with making a lot of these common chemicals.
I hear a lot of background noise, you could use a program like audacity to get rid of the noise. Without the noise it would sound a lot better.
But you're doing great, so keep up the good work!
I really like the note cards and break down. Thanks!
I remember how my great-uncle Jerry would sit on the porch and whittle all day long. Once he whittled me a toy boat out of a larger toy boat I had. It was almost as good as the first one, except now it had bumpy whittle marks all over it. And no paint, because he had whittled off the paint.
"I reject your atmosphere and substitute my own!"
3...2...1... DEMOEYTIZED!!!
you might want to check the spelling mate
"I love moey" - Mr. Krabs
Can you feel it now Mr. Krabs??
ᶜᵃᶰ ʸᵒᵘ ᶠᵉᵉᶫ ᶦᵗ ᶰᵒʷ ᴹʳ⋅ ᴷʳᵃᵇˢ
The word money isn't even in the word "demonetised"
Cody you do realise that the standard of scientific measurements is the metric system, so thanks for using it! So many Americans say, "and now we're going to put an ounce or a pound or a pint of a long tonne" and not only is it very annoying to the majority of the metric world who watches, but also it's damn incorrect....
Keep it up, you do great stuff!
I almost failed high school chemistry so watching you do this stuff is like watching magic. Love your videos!
Didn't you make Oleum ? The reaction with sugar was surprisingly fast and the fumes were excessive for just sulfuric acid. If you can test it i'd be glad !
Exactly what I was thinking, I've never seen 98% sulfuric react with sugar so quickly. There must be some SO3 dissolved in there.
No, it was just hot, straight from the distillation apparatus. There was also some nitric acid inside left. Basically it was a weak, hot nitrose.
White vitriol.
Lajos Winkler the nitric acid would have been taken off as an azeotrope, I highly doubt there's nitric
Yes, with careful fractional distillation where you monitor temperature, but what he did left him with catalytic traces. Oleum is out of the question, and hot concentrated sulfuric acid reacts slower, so what could it be? I'd say traces of nitrose.
You Americans and your physical units.. Inches of Mercury? negative torr? whaaat? xD
Though torr is a physical unit, it's also a metric unit. Since it's a vacuum it would make sense that its negative
Joel Su Torr is not a SI unit.
Bloody hell! I've got an American watch, it measures the time in 5/32 of hourglass.
seems about right :'D
Mikael Ericsson wait isn't torr supposed to be milliliters of mercury?
Cody! you should start a series where you attempt to obtain a bead or cannister of every element
"Traditionally this wpuld be a lead lined wooden box the size pf a cathedral" os definitely my favourite thing to come out of youtube in a long time
Haha it looks like “Pissolution”
He already did that video.
Are you HowToBasic?
Alex D cody is actually vsauce
apenasmeucanal no im Sparta
IVE BEEN WANTING TO DO THIS FOR SO LONG! NOW I KNOW IT’S POSSIBLE!
Thanks for the helpful video just from you alone I learned to make nitric and sulfuric acid which are both very useful thanks Cody 👍🏻
INB4 Cody is banned again by RUclips for this science video.
Yeah I was wondering how long until RUclips wants to ban this video since sulfuric acid has been used in numerous assaults.
It sad that I learn more at RUclips than school
School validates your learning. Nobody gets a job as an engineer, even if they saw and absorbed 1000 online youTube university video lectures.
I see a lot of people saying this. What country are you from? Something like that is unheard of where I live. Amount of data presented by Cody is a fragment of what is taught in our highschools.
Maybe you should pay more attention.
the rougemillenial, nice trolling there. What does this have to do with politics?
If you're so keen on dragging that crap into the discussion, maybe you could try to remember how the Bible belt votes, where education, especially in regards to natural sciences, is appaling and close to _shithole_ countries.
You're the first person here who started with displaying offended feelings, so...
why would anyone possibly dislike this. Must be the king of random 17 times....
"...Historically, this would have been a lead lined wooden box the size of a cathedral , but I'm just doing a small scale test today..." Ah yes, due to budget cuts, sacrifices had to be made...
So does this mean the Earth is flat?
CYber GeNik NO!! THE EARTH IS NOT FLAT, and I know from PERSONAL EXPERIENCE... (When I went to Michigan’s upper peninsula, i noticed that the southern stars were MUCH lower in the sky, and some of those stars, which I could have seen back in southeast Wisconsin, which is where I live, weren’t even visible at all... more specifically, I can see all of Scorpius from southeast Wisconsin on a mid-summer evening, but in the UP, the stars in the southernmost part of the scorpion’s tail aren’t visible at all, being hidden by the horizon.)
Antares was also MUCH lower in the sky...
Those flat earthers make me want to do a video to better explain this.
hyvää-elämää-98 someone doesn’t understand sarcasm...
-1000 points, using sulfuric acid to make same.
Proof of concept not a production run. I am sure he can find some sulfur to burn and maybe get a little more mercury to play with.
calvingreene90 my chemistry teacher told me that the chamber process, in big batches, is self catalysing. So you can make sulphuric acid using sulphuric acid with sulphuric acid as a catalyst
James Van Daele --- I'm glad you watched the part where he mentions that the point was simply to try to convert SO2 into H2SO4.
Today, sulphuric acid is made on industrial scale by the contact process and that uses sulphuric acid as a starting material. +1000 points.
It's not a problem if you end up with *more* sulphuric acid than you started with.
Im really digging the index cards
Cody the mad scientist of RUclips
Obviously not a real chemist; he added water to acid instead of acid to water.
William Ray he's a geologist. But he also tested the acid-water and vice versa and showed that it didn't really make much difference
The hazardous part is just the splashing
It doesn't matter. The heat of ionization isn't enough to boil water... It's practiced so that people don't splash acid everywhere.
And Cody is bit lazy on the safety side of things...
A real chemist knows when he can get away with it and when he shouldn't press his luck. With 5 mils of acid and 100 of water it might get a little warm at best. Not even that in his cold garage.
a real chemist just eats blotters of acid.
I appreciated the walk thru on the chemical reaction!!
LOL Cody heats the flask with blowtorch and subtitles say [Applause] :D
What a rebel, I was always told to "add acid". Fucking savage as always, cody.
Maybe an introduction on the different production methods, current and historic, would have been interesting. When reading a paper on something new, a good introduction is really nice.
Man I used to be grumpy sorry. Swear I feel like I'm in a time machine watching a brilliant chemist/miner from 1800's making his own stuff to mine gold. Those oleum fumes tho! Awesome 👌
Yesterday in my car I thought abou you. And I asked myself "Would he dare the lead chamber process?" Today I found it. You are really a dare devil. Respect.
Think about getting sulfur from Popocatepél. (Los azufreros)
Or, like they got sulfur at Mt Aetna in Sicily. The Calgerone Process.
I love cody's lab so much.Looking forward to your next vedio!
as I'm watching older codys lab videos, youtube notification. oh hell... sweeet coooddddyyyy
Thin wax layer on glass connecter helps the sticking
Not the only kind of acid Cody’s making 😂😂
reminds me of that old poem my chemistry teacher told us:
Little Timmy was a chemist
Little Timmy is no more
for what he thought was H2O
was H2SO4.
hey cody love these vids but i would love to see some gardening vids like aquaponics etc
Protip: tapping a taper on the side will make it release. If your joint gets stuck like that, a few light raps on the side with a metal stick or handle of a butter knife or something works a treat.
Wish I had your knowledge Those are to very important acids that I could use in my pyrotechnic tests-Nice job!!!
Cody's dab rig is probably out of this world