Transforming Tungsten Compounds into Mirrors.
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- Опубликовано: 8 июн 2024
- I obtained tungsten mirrors by the decomposition of W(CO)6 (tungsten hexacarbonyl) in an inert gas atmosphere and the reaction of vapors of WCl6 (tungsten hexachloride) and WF6(tungsten hexafluoride) with hydrogen.
This is the first video on RUclips where you can see the heaviest gas in the world: Tungsten Hexafluoride! A separate video about this substance will be later, don't miss it!
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0:00 tungsten mirrors demonstrations
0:42 Obtaining tungsten from tungsten hexacarbonyl
2:21 Some reactions with tungsten hexacarbonyl
3:07 Tungsten hexachloride ampoule presentation
3:32 Tungsten hexachloride and liquid nitrogen
4:07 WCl6 chemical properties (including reaction with hydrazine)
5:34 Obtaining tungsten from tungsten hexachloride
9:10 Obtaining tungsten from tungsten hexafluoride WF6
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As always this channel demonstrates chemical reactions that most of us would otherwise not see. This is valuable in teaching the understanding of chemistry. Seeing the reactions written on a page is not the same as seeing the happening with real chemicals.
True
Did chat gpt write that comment or something?
Literally sounds like a robot wrote it
Such a good video!
This channel is like the big bro of all the other chemistry channels.
This channel lets me see reactions that I only dreamed of. The slo mo is a huge advantage. The music is great too!
Great video! reminds me of the "getter" inside vacuum tubes.
Close up on hexafluoride attempt was otherworldly, and my second favourite is tungsten trioxide residue being so bright yellow in black-blue coating. Not to discount time and effort put to do and film all this reactions.
The hexa halogen reactions are the basis of the halogen light bulbs. Cool!
Beautiful photography, chemistry, and atmosphere, as always. Keep up the brilliant work!
Your channel is awesome and indispensable. Thanks for another great video.👍
When I saw that ampoule and that pressure vessel, my jaw dropped. Excellent work, man.
One of my favourite element : W
I do not want to be downwind from this guy's lab
So true. 😅
Ah that smell of hydrogen fluoride on a warm summer evening.
Yaahhh it's tungsten time
Great video! 👍
Interesting that the container of WF6 is basically a TANK 🪖(as in military vehicle) 😂
Amazing to see the most exotic reactions on this channel, that otherwise many of us can only dream about.
Where the hell did you get all that? if I am in awe, it is not of your world-class camera and edit work, but of your procurement skill.
eBay most likely.
He works for a chemical distribution company
Amazing shots!
You sir are the professor of chemistry.
Thanks & God bless you!!! What a great chemist!
Amazing video dude👍 the close up pics were beautiful!! But why does the hexachloride turn red at cold temperature. Waiting for your video on WF6!
Very nice chemistry.
Very cool. Would you be able to show us some other metals? Your channel is the only place I've seen stuff like samarium and wonder if you could get anything else that hasn't been documented
I work with element metal. Got s few vids but no narration or explanation of what I'm doing. Mostly nonsense for views.
Very well done, even for you.
thank you! 🤑
Very cool! 👍👍👍
That dramatic music!
Awesome thanks for sharing
as always thanks man.. im by no means a chemist but these videos certainly help my understanding of this field..
Tungsten is definitely my favorite element besides fluorine. Its compounds are so interesting
Good Vid.
😨😧😳Amazing, coolest experiences
When I was a schoolboy in the last century and I liked the chemistry of all sorts of exotic elements, which I read about in books, I couldn’t even dream that I would ever see experiments with tungsten fluoride.
Always interesting here at the 'Force!
Tungsten chemistry is nice, and quite accessible. And quite safe compared to other metals since tungsten isn't toxic. I have made tungsten blue by reducing peroxopolytungstic acid with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in a slightly alkaline solution. The peroxopolytungstic acid itself I made by dissolving tungsten metal (from a broken TIG electrode) in 30% hydrogen peroxide.
I have an idea to melt a tungsten electrode with a flame of cyanogen and oxygen mixture
@@ChemicalForce It should be obvious of course, but do make sure you get ceriated electrodes and not thoriated ones. Especially if there are metal vapors floating round. They're all bad, but no need to add radioactivity into the mix.
@@johnalees99 Ordinary pure tungsten electrode marked with a green stripe
@@ChemicalForceplease do, never saw those flames that are said to be of peach blossom colour
@@ChemicalForce yeah green is pure tungsten, red is thoriated, blue is lanthanated and violet is mixed rare earths. I forgot the color for ceriated, maybe grey.
Pretty sweet
Easiest way to get a tungsten mirror is to get an old incandescent lamp
That WF6 container means business.
These videos are amazing! But all these reactions make me wonder what happens to all the chemical waste? You must have a lot to deal with at the end of these videos. Do you just send it all to a company?
He might work in a research lab, thus probably doesn't have to deal with the waste himself. Whoever is responsable for the waste (university technicians) has to deal with it.
Unless he owns the lab, probably not doing it at home, lol.
In my counrty, we call metal chemistry specialist Metaleros, a nickname taken from the Heavy Metal culture equivalent to Metalheads. I guess you are the first and foremost Metalero on YT, Amirite?
I wonder if part of the tungsten hexafluoride cracking is due to them having different coefficients of thermal expansion
Or as uncle bumblefork calls it, tongue-stain floor-glide
Nice
Nice video..Can, you do one about Hydrofluoric acid?? Good day for you.
The WF6 coating seems so perfect from the inside of the tube, while it craked on the outside...
It looks like the glass cracked, all those tiny rainbows…
It kind of looks like the WF6 deposition was crinkled because the tube shrank when heat was removed.
🎉🎉
What are tungsten mirrors used for? Catalysis? Refractory coatings? It seems useful but unfortunately I don't know enough about this to make a proper guess.
This video gives me ideas for effective recovery of iron oxide from iron chloride.
Apparently, I just need some solid heated reaction chamber with a stream of hydrogen.
I think I can try 'bare' stainless steel, but if not, I will see if I can get some kind of ceramic coated reaction surface.
Big ampules ! !
Can you blow the hexafluoride through a whistle so we see how it changes the sound
(no one expects you to inhale it to see how low your voice can go)
It's like watching blood change from red to blue
Tungsten is the kind of metal that I think it is still very underused in the industry...And it is a fascinating metal.
Probably because it has one of the highest melting points of any common metal (around 3400°C). So, it's almost impossible to cast it as solid block, rather tungsten powder/granules are sintered (pressed into a mold at high pressure/at it's melting point), and the granules can fuse together due to their high surface area, into a "solid" sintered block.
Oddly enough, tungsten has also nearly the same density as pure gold (19.3g/cm³)
@@Ryan-lc4bl yeah, I studied some of the properties, and its a brittle and heavy metal. but its still a strategic metal like beryllium, it just doesnt have competitive properties that monopolizes its use...it is very hard when used as tungsten carbide, but even that is limited to industrial applications
@@Ryan-lc4blInduction levitation furnace should work, though, in a near-vacuum (just high enough pressure to keep it from depositing too strongly onto the induction coil (a vaguely funnel shaped copper pipe spiral)), magnetic-levitation-based squeezing a drop out of the ball of molten tungsten that splashes down into the mold, and feeding solid tungsten in via perhaps powder suspended in (part of) the gas stream around. Or just arranging for no gas convection currents that cause problems with dropping/raining controlled-particle-size granules (i.e., sand-tier coarseness (not dust-tier!) "powder") from the top into the molten blob and waiting long enough for them to dissolve into the surrounding molten blob before squeezing any further/new drops out.
Not sure how it'd interact with the levitation/melting field (it's shaped to cause the desired levitation at a power level/amplitude that works well for the desired melting/compensating black body radiation (it's a deformed sphere shaped blob of "light bulb", running so hot it burns out ~instantly (thermal mass would be negligible if it'd be light bulb filament shaped)!)/compensating for convective cooling by required residual gas (need to block the tungsten vapor that'd sublimate/boil off in good vacuum, by placing gas molecules in the way)), but feeding tungsten wire (somewhat) continuously down into the blob may work and would simplify the dropper/feeder mechanism.
Alternatively, given that levitation increases with conductivity of the feed, and metals decrease in conductivity with temperature, reduced-power insertion of a block of solid tungsten (sintered to sufficiently decent conductivity) by means of a gripper/tongs, or even just a pedestal raising it into the coil from below (doesn't matter whether the coil or the pedestal moves), should work just fine at the expense of not operating anywhere near continuously w.r.t. the dripping.
Taking the success of hal-01336015 , and substituting from aluminium for tungsten assuming 19g/ml and 150W/cm^2 radiative cooling at 3000C, the initial 7.5cm diameter ball they simulated with would be 4.2kg and radiating only 26.5 kW. While substantial, it feels/sounds low enough to not be too high, given that the coils used in the HAL paper claim a current of 1.1 kA eff each (assuming 3 turns, 3cm radius, 5cm length solenoid as each coil, which should low-ball given the ferrite core/yoke increasing this beyond those air-values, this is 0.64 uH per coil, with each coil pair series connected, 1.28 uH per pair), which at 30 kHz gives 241 V and at 40 kHz 322 V (effective, in resonant tank with the specified current and frequency). The current ought to scale up for tungsten due to the higher mass, assuming linear (corresponding to motors usually having a linear relationship between current and torque/force) to mass, to about 8.4 times that paper's values. Given that power scales quadratically with current, this would be about 70 times as much heating power. So only about 380 W of radiative-cooling-equilibrium heating power when scaling the numbers back down to the aluminium situation. And that's tiny compared to the resonance's apparent power of 619 kW (well, technically "kVA") that neglected the ferrite yoke (so reality ought to be higher).
Together, this suggests that a much larger blob of tungsten could be melted when scaling the HAL paper up, making use of that tungsten has on the order of 9 times more diameter at radiation vs. levitation power equilibrium than aluminium, giving a massive 3 tons assuming the aluminium approach of the HAL paper has a scaling limit at the 500g system they designed.... just at roughly 1 MW of power consumption for radiation/levitation (total system losses are much higher, as this only considers those in the ball of tungsten, not the coils/generators).
Cost and density are limiting factors. Refractory metals find uses in high temperature technical components such as turbines, but ideally you'd want those to be as low mass as possible so lower density refractories like Tantalum and Molybdenum are used. Tungsten is also pretty pricey so for any application where its extreme properties are not absolutely necessary, alternatives will be found.
@@StuffandThings_ I didn't know Tungsten was pricey... Gotta keep informed of the rare metals prices, u never know when a breakthrough might happen and is nice to have some stored as investment.
hey, has anyone made a rotating test tube or funnel where you can condense the oxide?
bit like a lathe perhaps , less required, just need to have the sample test tube rotating so the oxides and heat would be distributed around the tube surface, would need a in out valve perhaps or something.
im sure it wouldnt be too hard to put together, and would create the molten particles of tungsten to run around the surface perhaps? making a more even layer for a mirrored surface i would of thought
Opa tudo certo manda um abraço pra Chapecó SC Brasil??
lets hear what tungsten hexafluoride does to voice
If you want to stick to a theme, a video on the Marsh test would work.
It's not like I just was reading about Tungsted Hexafluoride yesterday.
Is there any possibility, that You will perform any elemental fluorine chemistry?
how do they harvest the pure tungsten after the WF6 + H2 reaction?
What is that white mass you used for sealing and connecting the quartz tubes?
CaSO4·2H2O
@@ChemicalForce Thanks
Why are your videos under-viewed even though they are good quality?.. 😕
4:53 - where can I look up the equation for the reaction of tungsten hexachloride with hydrazine?...
Who do I look for if i want something Tungsten coated ?
have you tried the graphene exfoliation in whey protein blender water (or vinegar to get more paintable solution), also try aluminium chloride sublimation cell electrolysis at 180C, also NaOH electrolysis at 350C with aluminium oxide and chloride, like and unlike borax high temp molten electrolysis, but Na cycle reduces the oxide and chloride into aluminium metal, at lowish temps
What about silver mirror/coating on iron/zinc from aqueous AgSO4, Ag metal plus ZnSO4 out
try coating objects inside the reaction tube, also try copper foil exfoliation with zinc + cuso4/h2so4 bath long time (minutes) dip, how about aluminium surface coating by termite replacement reaction, ie aluminium takes places of the hydrogen gas, and takes the oxygen/chloride from the tungsten compound, aluminium chloride will sublimate off and leave tungsten surface on top, which will no longer react, should also only need about 300C of WCl6 melting, to get the termite replacement reaction going. zinc should work for the replacement reaction too, at heat.
I get it, you used various incandescent lights, the tungsten sublimated and crystallized onto the glass, and the lamps eventually burned out.
Up close, the WF6 mirror almost looked like a sort of enchanted leather.
I knew you would set the stuff on fire... :D But burning tungsten compounds or seeing tungsten products of all chemicals in the gaseous state is certainly a first. Amazing.
great accent. Belarusian 🙂
Are you just letting the HF go out of the fume hood as is?
He is definitely in a real lab with scrubbers.
10:20 - Why doesn’t hydrogen fluoride corrode the glass?...
make normal size mirror with that :D
niceg
w o l f r a m :)
Imagine making a mirror that killed you if you touched it
how in the world does one get a tank of WF6 for a youtube video o.O
Well. You got to work for a professional lab .
From sigma aldrich
(Serious) 5:38 I am very sorry, but no matter how hard I try, I just cannot understand what you’re saying after “vaporize it”
hi
Talk about a heavy metal mirror….
Helloo, im is Russia
Tungsten metal doesn't want to react with anything.