American Reacts to History of China (Part 1)
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- Опубликовано: 11 сен 2024
- Today I watched a video on China and really enjoyed learning about their history for the first time! #china #history #asia #react
Link to the original video: • The Ancient Empire | A...
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My favorite part of Chinese history so far is the names. They all look and sound so cool! What would you like to see me watch next about China?
Additionally... Lichhavi was the first democracy in the world about 6th century BC in Bihar and for more SANSKRIT is the world's oldest and most scientific language having roots to 5000 years ago with written scriptures but not in pictorial form
You should totally react to Kraut's video on Chinese vs Indian civilsation and how they're completely different systems his videos are really good trust trust. His youtube channel is just called Kraut
The books they burn in qin dynasty were actually bamboo scrolls. Chinese used to write on dry wood.
Ah...makes sense. Thanks for letting me know. I'll have to learn more about those scrolls.
Yep, and in Egypt the reeds were the same. And if nothing else, europeans used hides before wood pulp. Check the history of A4 and other paper sizes.
@@SoGal_YT Printing was invented in China sometime in the early 8th century AD. As for books, China had books probably as early as the 2nd or 3rd century AD
@@SoGal_YT Word "book" also comes from the fact that Europeans of Venedic period (1200BC - 500BC) were writing on beech wood (still nowadays called "buk" in all of Slavic languages, and letters are called "bukva" in East Slavic). That is why old writing (runes) survived only in Scandinavia, Steppe (nowadays Kazakhstan) and Ireland.
Now China did invent paper
First time I have EVER heard Genghis Khan compared to Gandhi 🤣😂🤣
Big lolz..🤣🏴👾🎱🐙
What that's ilegal How did that happen
Civ 5 Gandhi
Chinese here, we usually identify with Xia dynasty as the first historical dynasty, before Xia was mostly mythology, and Shang dynasty（next to Xia）are already has overwhelmingly historic evidence, so Xia was like a mixture of Mythology and History
“They had books in 213 bc?”
Honestly even I’m left speechless because that’s kind of what people would usually know everyday but that was really fun lol
Communism is more of an economic system rather than a political one, there can be democratic communism, as well as dictatorial communism.
Books were written on bamboo strips sewn together. They probably date back to the Shang and at least to the Zhou dynasty.
You guessed correctly, Chinese speakers don’t use Latin letters (A, B, C, etc). When you see Chinese words written in Latin letters, they’ve been “romanized” for the benefit of speakers of languages that do use Latin letters (English, French, German, Spanish, etc.). The average Mandarin speaker wouldn’t understand Mandarin words written in Latin letters any more than most English speakers would understand an English word written in Arabic script. Over the years, different linguists have developed different systems for romanizing Mandarin. The one used in this video is called “pinyin,” and it’s the system officially endorsed by Mainland China (Taiwan uses a different system).
The Mongolians traditionally have a very different culture from the Han Chinese, but I guess you could say they exist on the same broad genetic spectrum as the Han, the Koreans, the Japanese, and are “Asian.” Interestingly, although Russia currently borders Mongolia to the north, Russia actually didn’t expand into Asia until about the 1600s. Basically, around the same time that the Spanish, Portuguese, English and French were colonizing the Americas, the Russians were colonizing Siberia. So for the time period covered by this video, the Russians (or their ancestors) are still thousands of miles away.
"broad genetic spectrum as the Han, the Koreans, the Japanese, and are “Asian.”" - soooo Race? :))
Imagine if china had claim Siberia
Omg it would be a super big country
Japanese and Korean all adapted chinese characters as their writing （Japnase Kanji actually means chinese characters）
@Weebo DX the more different the ‘harder’ i guess😃
Then Korea created their own writing system because the Chinese script was too incomparable to the Korean language and Koreans no longer use the Chinese script today
@@sleepyhead6468 The harder vocabularies, they're still using the Chinese script.
@@cleve21ful Koreans use the Chinese script only in the news as it is more succinct. Meaning, they can write one character to refer to for example China by writing "中" instead of 중국. In all other aspects of life, Chinese script is almost not used at all as Hangul script is more than sufficient for the Korean language.
@@sleepyhead6468 Lots of the words in Korean actually sounds similar to Chinese due to Chinese influence, so, similar to Chinese,Koreans and Japanese also got lots of homophones like in English you got ‘be’ and ‘bee’ ,’Dam’ and ‘damn’ and so on, except if you write it down in Hangul its the same, of course during daily conversation you got the context so it’s not going to be an issue, but in law cases in order to avoid every possible vagueness about that, they will still use Chinese characters.As for the reasons why they abandoned Chinese characters are 1.To improve the literacy rate because Chinese characters are just so damn hard to write compared to Hangul 2.Chinese had lost almost every war to the westerners at that time thus they don’t want ‘Chinese stuff’ to stay in their country any longer( even if their traditional literature is completely written in Chinese characters and abandoning it would mean the younger generations won’t be able to understand them ) they even change their capitals’ name into a Hangul version just like South Africa changing their ‘Port Elizabeth’ into a Xhosa name to establish their own nationality and somehow try to erase or at least blur the fact that Chinese had a (I wouldn’t say big but not small either) impact on them in history.
Foldable books (bamboo, wood(bark or wood itself), vellum, papyrus and later paper) were around for a long time.
Either they were scoll-like or codex-like. The latter is square and can also be folded. They start getting popular in various places somewhere around the 1st century AD - Europe and Asia (although, I think Chinese had really interesting bamboo slip books, which were pretty old already).
By 4-5 centuries in Europe a book-like thing was already gaining popularity; easy to find what you're looking for :D don't have to open the whole scroll. Moveable type (15th century, Gutenberg Press) only made the process of copying easier; so the books "exploded" in popularity.
The books at that time were hanr written not printed. Also they were written on leather and things like that not on paper ( before the invention of paper).
Also the Genghis Khan's original pronunciation is changez khan like ch in chat. So its changez khan.
The writing is called Hanzi 汉子 (writing of the Han people). The Japanese adapted it and augmented it. The Roman letter transliteration is called Pinyin (literally spell sound). Zhou is pronounced more like Joe, not Jaow.
汉字，Not汉子😬
Haha 汉子 or 漢子 is muscular man in Chinese
china started using paper in the Han dynasty ( 202 bc - 220 ad), before that they write on bamboo, making bamboo into sticks, and write from top-down to the end then stick more bamboo then make it into a roll.
The pictograms became a kind of lingua franca in Asia, as they made their way into Korea and were adopted at some point as writing systems. In Korea this was known as Idu and Gugyeol. Vietnam also has its own classical script that was based on Chinese characters.
Also, the northern border of present-day China would be the Amur River or Heilongjiang, though in the past the Yellow river was at times a major demarcation line between different states/dynasties inside the region of the Chinese civilization.
Back to common pictographic scripts, this is not unprecedented and happened before in human history. Arguably the first civilized writing system, Sumerian, with its cuneiform pictograms, became the basis of the completely unrelated Akkadian, Hittite, and Urartian languages and survived for thousands of years after the Sumerian language's disappearance. For example, the Sumerian pictogram for the concept of King (literally the characters for great/big + man), was LUGAL, and it became read by Akkadians as šarrum and by Hittites as hāssuwas. Completely different spoken languages, but the written languages had a degree of partial mutual intelligibility.
There were clocks and steam 'engines', but only for the emperor. The peasants lived a very simple primitive life.
Books in the west lead to the revolution of society, information packaged, transportable, irrepressible.
The Chinese knew this in prehistory.
The history of war and Empires pairs with the history of technology, but the history of ideas and opportunities is what you are stitching together with all your sources.
All the best from Scotland 🏴
Kanji is the literal Japanese translation of Han words which is just Chinese word. The Japanese language writing is a deviation base on the Chinese writing while the Korean is completely invented to stray away from the Chinese word system
18:19 I'll try my best to answer :)
From what I understand, the Gökturks were a hoard of different ethnic groups known as "Turkic" peoples, who inhabit parts of Central asia and Siberia, there is a difference between Turkish and Turkic, Turks are one ethnic group originating in Anatolia, ( Modern day Turkey), while the Turkic peoples are an entire race of people, like Europeans, native Americans, Africans etc. Some Turkic peoples have very East Asian features, like dark slanted eyes, and some have some very middle Eastern and European features, some of them even have red hair and blue eyes!
They are a very multi-ethnic race of people, with DNA from East Asia, Europe, the middle East, and central Asia, I guess we can call them the Latinos of Asia, considering how multi-ethnic they are. This is my current knowledge on the subject and I hope it helps :)
Great video, love your channel, keep it up!
1. The narrator of this video mispronounces Chinese names. For example, the Zhou (as in the Zhou Dynasty) is pronounced similarly to the "Joe."
2. Chinese characters are called in Mandarin "Hanzi." They are not really pictographic; some are, but most are picto-phonetic. Most characters are made up of different elements, one of which will be a key to meaning, and another a key to pronunciation. For example, 馬 (pronounced in Mandarin "ma" with a falling-rising tone) is a pictograph that means "horse;" 媽(pronounced "ma" with a high flat tone) means "mother." The first part of that character, 女 (pronounced similarly to "new" with a falling-rising tone) is a pictograph that means "woman." Thus what we have with 媽 is a part that goes to meaning (女) and a part that goes to pronunciation (馬). Japan uses Chinese characters (Kanji) as well as two syllabaries - hiragana for native Japanese words and katakana for foreign words or as italics. The Korean language is written in Hangul, which is actually an alphabet - probably the best-designed alphabet yet invented. Each block of Korean writing is a syllable made up of two or three letters. Formerly, the Koreans also used Chinese characters (Hanja), but that has fallen out of use.
3. The Great Wall is not the current border between Mongolia and China. The border is quite a bit north of the Great Wall. Present day Mongolia was created in 1911 with the succession of Outer Mongolia from the Qing Dynasty, then later maintained as a buffer state between China and the Soviet Union.
4. Qin Shi Huang burnt books (and scholars) in an attempt to eliminate competing philosophies of government and/or life. Qin Shi Huang adhered to a political philosophy known as "Legalism" - which was a Machiavellian ideology where the ends justified the means and the people existed to make the state strong. According to Legalism, only the harsh application of the law would force people into good conduct. The competing philosophy was Confucianism, which saw the state in familial terms, with the Emperor being the father of the country. Confucianism teaches that the state is successful when the rulers practice virtue, thereby setting an example of proper conduct for the people. Inherent in this philosophy is an idea similar to that expressed in the American Declaration of Independence. When a Dynasty ceases to uphold a minimum standard of virtue its legitimacy (the Mandate of Heaven) is withdrawn, and rebellion against the state is justified until a new dynasty takes control because it now holds the Mandate. This is somewhat similar to the idea expressed in the Declaration of Independence which justified the independence of the American colonies from Great Britain due to the latter failing to protect the rights of Englishmen in the Americas.
5. India is considered South Asia. Central Asia refers to the landlocked region on the Asian continent in which the land is not great for farming, but good for pastoralism. Central Asia was historically inhabited by nomadic or semi-nomadic people who tended herds of livestock in contrast to the settled agricultural civilizations on the periphery, such as China, India, Persia, Mesopotamia, the Levant and Europe. Today, Central Asia is made up of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and, depending on the source, Afghanistan.
6. China existed as an idea since the Qin, and existed as a country for most of that time. Whereas Indian history sees long periods of fragmentation with short periods of unification, China saw long periods of unification with short periods of fragmentation. During these periods of disunity, it was the goal of each polity to unify China and rule as the Emperor of "all under Heaven" rather than carve out and maintain a smaller but permanent state in its own region. Imperial China is probably better understood as a civilization rather than a county, characterized by the language (or at least a common written language), customs, general belief in the "Three Doctrines" (Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism), and, for the most part, ethnicity. This last one, however, could bed a bit flexible with enough cultural integration, which is why the Yuan (Mongols) and Qing (Manchus) are considered Chinese dynasties. This feeling of cultural unity runs deep, and it is why the People's Republic of China recognizes something like 22 minority groups, although all but a few might as well be Han Chinese. By claiming the existence of these minority groups, China strengthens, in its mind, its claim to peripheral regions such as Tibet, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, where the people have actual different cultures. Nevertheless, the ethnic component remains, which is why the PRC keeps moving Han Chinese into Tibet and Xinjiang, why they still care about Taiwan, and why the conflate the Chinese Communist regime with Chinese ethnicity when convenient to bash the US.
7. As I implied before, the Mongols were never "pushed back." Rather they assimilated into Chinese culture and became Chinese.
1: The silk road was just a merchant road to the roman empire.Since Roman Empire back then was craving for silk ,so China exported lots of silk from that road and became what we called "the Silk road"
2:Western China was not Central Asian tho near, Central asia refers to Turkmenistan, Khazakstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan which are next to China
3:Goturk, was not exactly the turkish we see nowadays, Goturk was a group of people in central asia and slave of RouRang which is a northern nomadic group of people
4:The threat of ancient China was always from the north like Jurchen(manchurian) and mongolian
Wow. That video is only the tip of the iceberg and so much knowledge is missed.
Also Communism is not tyranny or the rule of one, its actually more like 'Star Trek' and China is to this day, still ahead of its time.
Tbh, the term China is invented from a western perspective. Historically, that region was called the middle kingdom 中原. Different languages existed and even now many languages are still spoken within China. The concept of sovereign countries with defined borders are pretty recent. Besides, it's easy to fall into western narrative/perspective (as you're from the States) when reading other cultures. The term "Chinese" itself can be problematic when translated, as its meaning changes significantly according to context.
The Xia dynasty existed. There are plenty of artifacts from that era. The problem is the name of the "Xia" dynasty. At that time, it probably was called differently. This is what most archeologist and historians are talking about. Because the name is definitely different than the "Xia," which later historians from later dynasties would call them.
Books back then were made out of leather, barks, or bamboo scrolls. Later on China invented the printing press in the Song Dynasty (1000 AD?)
Kazakhstan to Turkmenistan are considered central Asia, while India is south Asia.
Kudos to you for going out of your comfort zone and learning about the rest of the world but man... US education really sucks....
21:00 - "What is China?" I think the best answer is that it's not a country, but an identity. To conquer China, you must shed your own identity and adopt the Chinese identity. It's the only way.
Mongols conquered China by claiming that they are Chinese. Manchus conquered China by claiming they are Chinese.
This is also why, despite not living in China for generations, many Chinese diaspora still proudly call themselves Chinese, have Chinese names, speak Chinese, etc. It really is the perfect system of self-preservation as a culture.
Not all books are made of paper btw. Even in eu back in 500 years ago, paper is still precious i guess? The ancient books were made of wood or bamboo before paper was invented.
Silk Road led to Mid and Western Asia, even to Roman Empire at that time. India is considered as South Asia, which did not link with silk road at that time. Apart from Middle East(Western Asia) Mid Asia is nowadays Khazakstan and those countries around. By the way, Chinese Northern border line is much norther than where the Great Wall is nowadays.
21:17 China was actually viewed as China back then. many stories of Rival Kingdoms saying that they qill save "China" but I'm not sure if it's true since most of those are found in pop culture or fictional stuff.
Horses originated in North America, then they migrated to Asia and died out in America. Centuries (or millennia) later when Europeans arrived, horses were reintroduced to the Americas.
china is an amazing country ,, I have been there a few times, and lucky to climb the great wall before it got touristy
It was actually China broke into different people wanting power after the Jin dynasty fall china broke into civil war for 100 years until Sui unified it but it lasted only 37 years and then the Tang dynasty took over. I still can't believe people can have 100 years of civil war.
Japanese Kanji: 漢字
Traditional Chinese character: 漢字
Simplified Chinese character: 汉字
Korean and Vietnamese used to write in 漢字 as government document and show educated social status
Before the paper books were bamboo books
They had books, but they weren't mass produced by machine. They were all hand-made and hand-written and thus, quite expensive. Europe had books before the printing press as well. The printing press made books cheap, but books existed before it.
a copy of the bible was written on the island of Lindisfarne NE England by the monks but there are not many of these, about 750 AD
They would've taught the origin story of the world as fact. Someone believed in a myth before myths were considered childhood make believe
Chinese pictogram are cool.
Our alphabet is more practical, a collection of 26 letters can produce thousands of words and ideas, some of them quite subtle. With a pictogram system you need thousands of symbols to cover all the objects, ideas or concepts you want to convey. This raises problems for education, filing systems, and keyboards.
The system dies have one advantage. It is universally readable. Some one from one end of China could read the pictogram's from a person who spoke a different dialect in another part of the country. How they said the sound of the picture would be different, but the concept remains the same. It's like European's using the same numbers for dates or amounts, but pronouncing them differently. This also applies back through time, so ancient texts can be read as easily as modern ones, whereas we have to be trained to learn old medieval texts.
Jesus could be considered one of the world's first communists.
And I can see there's a huge cultural gap for you to understand China even asia throughout ideology and philosophy😂
every thing before Xia dynasty regarded as myth. Shang dynasty (the second dynasty) have written record talk about Xia dynasty.
Calling a country that invaded Iraq, Bolivia, Síria and a bunch of other countries a democracy is really funny
hahaha they used bamboo scrolls before paper
You should investigate the Taiping Rebellion, fought around the time of the American Cival War, but more casualties than World War I.
hahaha there was no America when China's history began
Chinese: We are banning all books! Oh, wait. We forgot to invent paper!
Göktürk = Today , Turkey , Azerbajian, Kazakhstan, Uzbekıstan , Turkmenıstan, Kırgızistan , Uygurhs
Look at Göktürk inscriptions
Turkey, Azerbajian, Turkmenistan Oghuz Turks
Sorry to break it to you ancient Turkic people have nothing to do with modern states you mentioned. Turkic people did migrate to west but unfortunately they assimilated to people in that area and those modern states lay claim to their legacy
Kanji is Hanzi＝Chinese words
India is considered South Asia
Russia would be Asia’s largest country.
Technically Russia isn't even supposed to be in Asia. It's will be kicked. Out Asia in the next 1000 years ago
@@sumreensultana1860 that’s.... I mean how does that make any sense? Asia is a physical geographical part of the world. It’s not a political entity or an ethnic-state. Yes, regions of the world are defined or designated by humans such as geographers/cartographers and as agreed by the international community but separating Russia from Asia is insane. It be like saying Canada is literally not a part of the North American continent. I mean why and how would you say a country that stretches from the Ukraine & Europe over to the Pacific Ocean is not part of Asia? It’s been a major part of the continent for at least a couple billion years, what difference is a mere 1000 going to make? 🤨
@@sumreensultana1860 asia is a continent not some political country so russia cant be kicked out of asia cause its not some political group
Some parts of Russia was supposed to be Chinese land
The southern part of siberia.
The great wall was a constant project that millennia. It was partially built back then, but they didn't stop building it until 19th century.
Also, books existed long before the printing press in both Europe and Asia. Books also existed before paper as paper isn't the first material used to write on.
I wish this channel would stop trying to bring up Communism. Land reforms back then had nothing to do with communist ideologies.
Also, did this video really just try to glorify the Mongols as a utopian society? What the heck
Cool video.
Thanks for watching!
There wasn't a country called "China" before 1912, china like germany before unification was a geographic and cultural region.
The name of the present day China existed since 2 thousands tears ago as archeological artifact has shown. The land was unified even before that as a single state. The very fact that the treaty between the Ming dynasty and Portugal was inherited and observed by the successive Qing dynasty, ROC and PRC shows a clear legal succession.
That whole rant about democracy was quite a load of random crap and concepts thrown together.
The Xia dynasty is mythical but is taught as history. No written records of it exist until thousands of years after it was supposed to have existed. The first extant writing is of the Shang from Anyang (the Yin Ruins) in Henan province.
The Yellow Emperor was the chief of the YouXiong Tribal group that came from the north and sieze the central plain from the Juili tribal group under chief ChiYou and later also defeated the Shannong Tribal group under Chief Yandi. And after defeating chief ChiYou and chief Yandi. The YouXiong tribes of chief Huangdi took the central plain and founded the Xia Dynasty or sometime refer to as Huaxia Kingdom which in Northern barbarian native language mean Southern kingdom. But after the Xia Dynasty Collapse the YouXiong tribal group was force out and push back up north where they originally came from. The YouXiong tribal group later on became known as the XiongNu and came back to try to reclaim the central plain from the Han people. Today people say that the Han Chinese are descendent of Huandi but historically in ancient books say differently. The Han came from the east from Tibet under of the Shennong tribes under chief Yandi not Huandi. Huandi came from the North under the YouXiong tribes that later became XiongNu and was always enemies of the Han people.
The Han destroyed Huandi and Xia Dynasty and force out Huandi Youxiong tribes out the central plain that later became XiongNu. And later on the Han continue to fight the XiongNu up north beyond the Great Wall and wipe then out up north. Those YouXiong under Huandi that did not head up north after the Xia Dynasty Collapse stay behind and live with the Han people but kept their YouXiong tribal alive. But eventually the Han push these remaining YouXiong people in the central plain out and push them south. Today in Southern China they still exist but no longer go by YouXiong but instead by QoXiong. The QoXiong today is categorize as part of the Miao people which many QoXiong refuse such categorize by China today. In the late 1800s the QoXiong lead a bloody revolt in Southern China against the Manchu Qing Dynasty. They were lead by a General name Zhang Xiong Mei of the QoXiong tribe that still claim being descendent of the YouXiong tribe of Huandi and the XiongNu Northern counter part...
The QoXiong also speak their own language different from the Han.
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Huang_Di.png/800px-Huang_Di.png
@@hmong_keeb_kwm Unsubstaniated mythology.
The era predates the invention of written scripts. But that doesn't mean it's mythical as archeological finding can correlate to the existence of the dynasty.
@@zsarimaxim692 That does not follow and is unscientific. You're trying to prove a negative. It's like saying a set of ruins on Mount Olympus was the home of Zeus.
@@zhubajie6940 You are drawing a parallel of an existing civilization to supernatural godhood? Archaeological site matching the same period within the same region to that of the Xia has already been uncovered. Of course you won't find written proof when written language didn't exist.
Are you talking about ping yin?
No idea...lol. I'm incredibly ignorant about Chinese history, so I'm sure I got things wrong in this video.
You kinda remind me of Jodie Foster lol.
Hanzi
banboo
React to Geography Now Indonesia, please 🙏 ❤❤