Bhogiraj Chamling Explains Kirati & Newars Relation | Sushant Pradhan Podcast
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- Опубликовано: 15 июн 2024
- Bhogiraj Chamling is a PhD Fellow in Anthropology at Tribhuvan University and an expert in Mundhum, Raithane Culture, Kirat History, and Archaeology. He provides a fascinating exploration of Kathmandu's history, the rich heritage of the Kirati community, and the profound relationship between the Kiratis and Kathmandu.
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Sushant, You must call Tamang Historians to your podcast to disclose another perspective of history of Kathmandu Valley. I think Tamang perspective of our history is much underrated.
तिमेरु तामाङ पनि किराँत समुदाय भित्रै पर्छौ तिमेरको इतिहास छैन किराँतको जस्तो के ठुलो कुरा गर्छौ ,किराँत भनेको सबैभन्दा पुरानो मुलबासि हो नेपालko
Timaru mulbasi vayeni tamang ko afnai history cha bina itihas ko gyan aruko jati lai tala jharne kam banda gare huncha..
nope lol, timarko jaatiya katha haru failayerw bakwash nagarey hunxa teso ta hamro ma ni yesto katha dherai pauxa but actual evidence matra swikarney ho hami
@@readersareleaders3630 tamangs are tibetan origin, ta=horse, wang = warrior, inaru tibet baata recently aaka hun tei bhara newar harley inarlai bhotey bhanxan, not kirati and kiratis of history and so called kiratis of today are different
The Rai Limbus' Pragmatic Betrayal: The Origins of the Gurkha Soldiers
The Rai Limbus, rather than the Lepchas, Bhutias, Chettris, Brahmins, Newars, or Tamangs, became the renowned Gurkha soldiers serving in the British Army. The key to understanding this lies in the Limbus' opportunistic betrayal of both Nepal and Sikkim, which allowed them to curry favor with the British invaders.
In the early 19th century, the newly unified Nepalese kingdom under the Gorkha rulers began expanding its territory, including the conquest of the neighboring kingdom of Sikkim. This brought Nepal into conflict with the British East India Company, which controlled much of northern and eastern India. When Nepal's incursions into British-influenced areas escalated, the Company launched an invasion of Nepal in 1814.
During the ensuing Anglo-Nepalese War, the British forces encountered fierce resistance from the skilled and determined Gorkha soldiers of Nepal. However, the Rai Limbus, a minority ethnic group in Sikkim, saw an opportunity to betray both their Sikkimese Lepcha and Bhutia countrymen as well as their fellow Gorkhali in Nepal.
Rather than fighting alongside their Sikkimese or Nepalese neighbors, the Rai Limbus actively assisted the British in their campaign to subjugate the Sikkimese kingdom. They helped the British make Sikkim a British protectorate and forced the kingdom to allow British trade with Tibet. The Limbus also aided the British in annexing the strategically important region of Darjeeling, where the indigenous Lepcha and Bhutia peoples were subsequently treated as second-class citizens.
In doing so, the Limbus betrayed not only their Sikkimese neighbors, but also the Gorkhas of Nepal who had previously granted them autonomy and Kipat land rights. The Limbus were opportunists, willing to side with the British invaders against both the Gorkhas and the Sikkimese in order to curry favor and advance their own interests.
Furthermore, the British likely viewed the Limbus as more malleable and "primitive" compared to the more advanced Lepchas, Bhutias, Newars and Tamangs. This perception may have further justified the British's use of the Limbus against the other ethnic groups in the region. The Limbus' lack of strong historical ties to either Nepal or Sikkim also made them more willing to serve as British proxies.
In contrast, the Newars and Khas peoples, who had deep roots in Nepal and shared cultural and religious ties with the Gorkha kingdom, would have been far less likely to betray their fellow Hindus and Nepali brethren. Their refusal to collaborate with the British invaders likely cost them the opportunity to become Gurkha soldiers.
Until 1914, the British had primarily recruited Gurungs and Magars into the Gurkha regiments. However, after witnessing the Limbus' willingness to betray both Nepal and Sikkim, the British came to see them as more reliable and malleable proxies that could be used against the other ethnic groups in the region. This is why the Rai Limbus, and not the Lepchas, Bhutias, Chettris, Brahmins, Newars or Tamangs, became the predominant recruits for the Gurkha forces.
6:45 खोला नदीको नाममा रहेरो डी/दी त मगर भाषा; डी(पानी) बाट रहन गएको अनुमान पनि छ !! त्यो मात्र नभएर ठाउहरुमाको नाउमा जोडीएको उपसर्गहरु पनि धेरै छ ॥
तपाँई बंगाली देखिनु हुन्छ सुसान्त सर 😂
Anyway
राम्रो कार्यक्रम ❤
Dangol ajha kirati dekhincha. Mero thupro sathi haru chan
खासमा अहिले जसलाई किरात भनिदै आइएको छ उनीहरूको मिथक र मुन्दुम प्रसस्तिमा किरात शब्द नै छैन ।
Dhoti ho kya ho yo manxe@@user-tg5ut6ic8l
@@user-tg5ut6ic8lek taal research garerw matra mukh kholda thik hola idea nbhako kura ma
Be proud of ours history
We want dr.keshav man sakya❤ with next episode with chamling sir we wanna seen again
खासमा अहिले जसलाई किरात भनिदै आइएको छ उनीहरूको मिथक र मुन्दुम प्रसस्तिमा किरात शब्द नै छैन ।
umm xoina hola tara dharai tw ma connection chai vatinxha with word of mouth
@@user-tg5ut6ic8l The Kirat dynasty represents the first recognized empire of the Nepali chronology, ruling the
Kathmandu Valley and surrounding regions from roughly 800 BCE to 300 CE. While details regarding
specific rulers and events remain sparse, this critical early kingdom laid the foundations for
centralized governance, socio-cultural amalgamation, and infrastructural projects upon which later
dynasties within emerging Nepali states built upon centuries up to the modern era.
Temporal and Satial Scale
Most historians trace the Kirati imperial span across approximately 12 generations lasting over a millennium until
usurpation by the Lichhavi dynasty. At its peak circa 500 BCE, these primordial kings held sway over the Indo-Nepal
hills and Gangetic plains, sustaining control over trade routes and scattered settlements that coalesced gradually
into a unified sphere now recorded as one of Asia’s earliest Hindu civilizations. Their capital simmered in Devapatan
(present-day Gorkha) before relocating
to the Kathmandu Valley basin based on interpretations of ancient texts and enduring myths.
Origins and Early History
Ethnolinguistic Origins
Linguistic analysis links the Kirati people to Tibeto-Burman roots, sharing affinity with Rai and Limbu ethnicities populating present-day
eastern Nepal and Sikkim. This supports ethnographic positions tracing Kirat migration into Kathmandu Valley circa 700 BCE from old Zhangzhung
domains north of the Himalayas before exerting dominance. Culturally, totemic shamanism and animistic rituals connected to nature worship
characterize early documented Kirati belief patterns.
Key Discoveries
Stone inscriptions and relics hinting at unnamed proto-Kirati settlements predating 500 BCE across eastern mid-hill regions of modern Nepal.
Fortification remnants, iron tools, and weapons symbolically resembling Kirati tiger emblems are buried near the Kathmandu Valley dating to the suspected dynasty era.
Scattered Licchavi records and Newari chronicles referencing rival "Kirata" tribes ruling Kathmandu Valley before the Licchavi dynasty.
Ornate carvings and architecture foundations exhibiting possible Tibeto-Burmese stylistic influences underneath Kathmandu palaces.
Syncretic statues and motifs fusing animist nature worship with early Tantric Hindu themes traced to the dynasty period.
tyo muji ko ni naak katdinu parney bela aako xa
ᤕᤗ ᤂᤥᤶ॥ यल खोम्। (Yala valley / Kathmandu valley) in our languages.
Yala is known to be 𑐫𑐮 in Newa Bhe; Linguistically our languages are Sino-Tibetan too.
This is as much similarities I know.
Thank you for 800 subscribers
Keep supporting keep loving ❤❤
I wish that i got to listen before the exam but great knowledgeable content
The British introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling in large numbers marked the beginning of the end of the Kingdom of Sikkim. This strategic move by the British had far-reaching consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of the kingdom. The Limbus, brought in to maintain a balance of power in the region, played a crucial role in the erosion of Sikkim's sovereignty and the eventual annexation of the kingdom by the British.
One of the primary reasons the British brought in the Limbus was to counterbalance the influence of the Gorkhas, who were a dominant force in the region. The Gorkhas, led by the powerful kingdom of Nepal, posed a significant threat to British interests in India. By supporting the Limbus, the British aimed to create a buffer zone between their territories and the Gorkhas, thereby reducing the risk of conflict. However, this move had unintended consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of Sikkim.
The Limbus, who were initially loyal to the British, soon became embroiled in the politics of Sikkim. They formed alliances with the British and the Gorkhas, convincing themselves that they were fighting for their own interests. However, this allegiance came at a significant cost. The Limbus played a crucial role in erasing the history of the indigenous cultures of Sikkim, including the Lepchas and Bhutias, who were the traditional rulers of the kingdom. This erasure of history has had lasting impacts on the region, with many of the historical sites and inscriptions of these cultures being lost or forgotten.
Furthermore, the Limbus' involvement in Sikkim's politics led to the displacement of the traditional rulers and the erosion of the kingdom's sovereignty. The Limbus, who were seen as more pliable and loyal to the British, gradually took over key administrative positions, displacing the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a loss of power and influence for the traditional rulers, ultimately weakening the kingdom's ability to resist British encroachment.
The British, sensing the weakening of Sikkim's sovereignty, began to exert greater pressure on the kingdom. They used the Limbus as a tool to further their own interests, often manipulating them to do their bidding. This led to a series of treaties and agreements that gradually eroded Sikkim's autonomy, ultimately culminating in the annexation of the kingdom by the British in 1975.
In addition, the large-scale introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling also led to significant demographic changes in the region. The Limbus, who were predominantly agriculturalists, brought with them new farming practices and technologies that displaced the traditional farming methods of the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a significant shift in the region's economy, with the Limbus becoming the dominant agricultural force. The traditional rulers, who were once the primary agriculturalists, were gradually marginalized and lost their economic influence.
खासमा अहिले जसलाई किरात भनिदै आइएको छ उनीहरूको मिथक र मुन्दुम प्रसस्तिमा किरात शब्द नै छैन ।
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Kirat movement, as orchestrated by Iman Singh Chemjong, was based on a lie and lacked any legitimate historical foundation. It was a spiteful and hateful campaign against the Bhutia community, aimed at rewriting history for political purposes. The lack of archaeological evidence supporting the claims of ancient Limbu rule, coupled with genetic and historical discrepancies, underscores the falsehoods at the heart of the Kirat movement. It is crucial to critically reevaluate this narrative and recognize the true historical context of Eastern Nepal and its diverse ethnic landscape.
Keratis are not Mongols. They existed in Tibet before Mongols came to Tibet.
We want Dr keshav man shakya sir ❤❤
ruclips.net/video/AAqX4zL1iVo/видео.htmlsi=34rSoFNOZRZz99iO
tesko naak katnu parney yaar
Dr. Keshab man Shrestha sir and chamling sir ko episode banaunu hola, knowledge clear garnu paryo abo.
Maile genetics ko paper padheko xu, low altitude nepali jo ki euta east asian tribe thyo teslai nepal ko sabai bhanda puraano bashinda maninxa, magar haru ko major ancestry tyo jaati baata auxa ra newar ra jyapu haru ko dna magar sanga naji hunxa kinaki newar harko pani 50% jati nacestry yehi tribe baata auxa ra tharu harko pani similar 50% jati yo tribe ko ancetsry xa. bahun ra chetry ma pani bahun ma 25% ra chetry ma 30-35% yo tribe ko ancestry hunxa matrilinear side baata yani khas arya haruley yo jaati ko mahila haru sangha bibah garey after conquering gandaki and karnali region. yo bhanda farak high alltitude nepali yaani bhotey tamang ra sherpa haru 2000 barsha jasto agadhi yo himalaya ma aipugey ra uchcha bheg ma bashna thaley tinaru ko dna lai magar ra newar ko dna baata farak pahiiichan garna sakinxa different haplogroup bhayeko kaaran ley ara yo kirati ko dna nata magar nata newar na ta tharu koi sanga mildaina, bahun chetry harko major dna lagbhag 70% khas baata auxa. khas ma pani bujhnu parney key kura chcha bhanda jaba Nagraj ley khas rajya sthapana garey taba already UP Bihar side ka manxey pahad aisakeka thiye ra suryabanshi pal dynasty lai harayera sudur paschim ma khas rajya sthapana bhayo ra ajaa ka bahun chetry tehi Khas+UP bihari mix descent +east asian mahila haru baata janmiyeka bhayera 20-25% ko matrilinear ancestry east asian hunxa ra uniharu sabai ley afulai khas bhanna thaley jastai ki Pal thakuri joki khas haru bhanda agadhi tyo chhetra ma shashan garthey aaja afulai khas thakuri nai bhanxan tesari ni aru pani chetry bahun ko pani dherai yesta examples chhan, pure khas haru dardic jaati ka cousins thiye ra hami tehi khas jaati ka banshaj hau tara aru jaati sanga pani mix bhayeka xau. Jammu himanchal ra uttarakhand ko kahani pani yestai chcha. pure khas had white skin and still pahadey harko bone structure jyada caucosoid hunxa jabaki madhesi harko face structure Austroloid hunxa moolnivashi harko jasto lmao and east asians are just descendants of australoids human migrations ko map ma hernu india baat east gayeka ra chiso mausam ma goro chhala payeka hun yinaru jyada farak xaina
However, we have different ways of living from Ancestoral way, we have live in Religious harmony, Peace, love, Respect however there were fight among kings, Soldiers and Rebels Fighters but there were never Genocidal history like Abrahamic faith. Leftist communist Arabic and westerners ideologies tried to make conflict among us, such things must be stopped.
Jay Swoyambhunath
Sushant ji you are right - Newars are mixed race/ethnicity. Don't call Mongolian - call Mongoloid. Mongolian means people or language of Mongolia- (Mongoloid means all " Thepche, chimse" peoples)
Mr Chamling Kiratis have East Asian genes which is shared by all Mongoloids( not Mongolian) including Naga, Magar, Mizo, Chinese etc.
Test yours DNA race bro
यो इतिहास चाँहि मान्य छ।
च्यासल बाट कोही भागेका थिएन।
लिच्छवि हरु संगै मिलेर बसे।
लिच्छवि र किराती पछि मल्ल संग मिलेर बसे, त्यस पछि शाह काल मा पनि मिलेर नै बसे।
महिषपाल र गोपाल वंसी नेवार हरु चित्लाङ मा पाइन्छ।
नेवाः सभ्यता भनेको - हिन्दू, बुद्धिस्ट, किरात, खस, मिथिला, महाराष्ट्र को सभ्यता बोकेको छ।
खासमा अहिले जसलाई किरात भनिदै आइएको छ उनीहरूको मिथक र मुन्दुम प्रसस्तिमा किरात शब्द नै छैन ।
Through the patronage of the British in Darjeeling, the Limbus and Rais were able to gain an education and subsequently rewrite the history of the region in a way that placed them at the center. Leveraging the lack of written records among the Nepali populace, who were restricted from literacy under Rana rule, these groups crafted a mythical narrative of ancient Kirata kingships and oral traditions to bolster their claims.
Tellingly, this revised history lacks any substantive archaeological or documentary evidence to back it up. Instead, it relies heavily on unverified "oral histories" that conveniently align with the Limbus' and Rais' desire to be recognized as the rightful indigenous rulers of the Kathmandu valley.
@@user-tg5ut6ic8l Veda ma lekhiyeko Kirat Adibasi chai ko ho ta ??
Indian History search garda Rajasthan tira Kirat Adibasi haru tiyo bhanne bhetiyo…
Kirat ra Aryan ko yagya bidi kasari ekai jasto cha ta ???
Pasupati Puran le kun Kirat ko kura garya ho ?? Ajai pani Pasupati ma Kirat Pujari 2 nd Pujari ma rakhincha.. Connection ke ho ???
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Kirat movement, as orchestrated by Iman Singh Chemjong, was based on a lie and lacked any legitimate historical foundation. It was a spiteful and hateful campaign against the Bhutia community, aimed at rewriting history for political purposes. The lack of archaeological evidence supporting the claims of ancient Limbu rule, coupled with genetic and historical discrepancies, underscores the falsehoods at the heart of the Kirat movement. It is crucial to critically reevaluate this narrative and recognize the true historical context of Eastern Nepal and its diverse ethnic landscape.
Yadav haru le Gopal Mahispal vaneko Krishna ko Jaati ho vannchann ni Newar haru ko gene Yadav sanga millaa tah ki tyo mithak matrai ho jasari Krishna ko mrityu jabo khutaa maa tirr laagerah vaako thiyo
Nawalparasi ko Naaga Jaati harule nai Ramgram ko Bagwan Buddha Ko Asstu aaja ko awastha samma surakshit raakna sakeko hun...
Dravids were the first native of Kathmandu. Kirat, Mongols and Khas came later.
Newar Ra Rai ko vasa pani mildo raixa. Kurlai Khicha, ko ho lai Su ho, vaisi lai meso. ... dherai milne raixa
Which rai to be precise please?
Faking the Kirat Identity
A Closer Look at Historical Manipulations
In recent years, the narrative surrounding the Kirat identity has come under intense scrutiny. Traditionally celebrated as a unifying force among the ethnic groups of Eastern Nepal, the Kirat identity-chiefly associated with the Limbus and Rais-has been revealed to be a historical fabrication. This manipulation was not only a bid for political power but also a campaign of ethnic antagonism against the indigenous Lepcha and Bhutia communities.
The Roots of the Kirat Identity
The term "Kirat" has been strategically adopted by certain groups to forge a collective identity. However, a detailed examination of historical and linguistic evidence challenges this constructed narrative. Before the intervention of scholars like Iman Singh Chemjong, the Limbus, Rais, and Yakkhas did not identify collectively as Kirats. The term was first popularized by Rana Bahadur Shah and later adopted by Prithvi Narayan Shah, who referred to the Limbus as descendants of Yehang, not Kirats. This indicates that the Kirat identity was a political construct, lacking genuine historical roots.
Lack of Archaeological Evidence
One of the most compelling arguments against the Kirat identity of the Limbus and Rais is the absence of archaeological evidence. Historical narratives promoted by the Kirat movement claim that these groups are ancient inhabitants of Eastern Nepal. However, unlike the well-documented presence of the Sen Thakuri dynasty and the Bhutia Chogyals-evidenced by numerous forts, palaces, and inscriptions such as those at Makawanpur Gadi, Udayapur Forts, and Bijaypur Durbar-there are no corresponding sites that can be attributed to Limbu or Rai rule.
No inscriptions, palaces, or forts bear witness to a long-term Limbu or Rai presence or governance in Eastern Nepal. This stark absence of material evidence contrasts with the rich archaeological heritage left by other ruling dynasties, underscoring the fabricated nature of the Kirat identity claims.
Genetic and Migration Evidence
Genetic studies have further debunked the Kirat narrative. Research indicates that the Limbus and Rais possess a high proportion of Mongolian DNA, distinguishing them from other Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups in South Asia. This genetic evidence suggests that these communities migrated from the Sichuan province in China to northern Tibet during the Mongol conquests and later settled in Eastern Nepal in the 17th century. This migration narrative contradicts the Kirat movement's assertion of an ancient and indigenous lineage in Eastern Nepal.
Political Manipulation and Ethnic Tensions
The Kirat identity was not merely a historical inaccuracy; it was a tool for political manipulation. Iman Singh Chemjong's efforts to foster a unified Kirat identity were driven by a desire to incite resistance and revolt against the Bhutia-dominated Kingdom of Sikkim. This movement was rooted in ethnic animosity and aimed at undermining the Bhutia community's historical and political significance in the region.
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Impact on Lepcha and Bhutia Communities
The Kirat movement’s divisive tactics extended beyond historical revisionism. By positioning the Limbus and Rais as the rightful heirs of the region, the movement marginalized the Lepcha and Bhutia communities, undermining their historical significance and contributions. This sowed seeds of discord and ethnic tension, fracturing what was once a more cohesive cultural tapestry in Eastern Nepal.
द्रबिद किरात थिये द्रबिद दैत्री दानाव दस्यु अस्यु असुर मैसासुर जस्ता नाम आर्यहरुले दियेका थिये
सबैभन्दा राम्रो पड्कास्ट गर्ने मान्छे नेपालको
खासमा अहिले जसलाई किरात भनिदै आइएको छ उनीहरूको मिथक र मुन्दुम प्रसस्तिमा किरात शब्द नै छैन ।
किराँत शब्द, ऐतिहासिक दस्ताबेज, तथ्य, प्रमाणहरु माथिनै हमला ????
भ्रामक प्रचार र हमलाको उदेश्य के हो ????
umm xoina hola tara dharai tw ma connection chai vatinxha with word of mouth
Kirat word Mundum ma cha ki chaina tyo tha chaina tara Rig Veda , Persian Avesta Sastra haru ma Kirat ko name cha..
Kirat ko ra Aryan haru ko Yagya hom Vidi tarika chai tyakai Persian Ancient Avesta ritual sanga milcha..
@Rajasabab tasto hoina ni kirat lai han dynasty ley kirata vanthiyo han dynasty 200bc co map harana. Mahabharat bhata kirat rakya vanxha tara hoina ni
@@goofoff0726 daaha rah ersyaa Ani yesto garney praaya mongol Kai kei jaat haru chann jasley aafu Lai mongol ko uchcha jaati thaanda cha .
Can you bring someone for Khasa/Khas history of Nepal?
Khas king prithivi narayanyan shah created modern nepal. Narayanhiti, singha durbar, sen durbar, makanwanpur durbar, Dharahara, Gorkha durbar, bindabasini, all these were made by Khas.
@pratikking2272 I know but the more ancient Khasa history
@@swasg3129During the time of Prithvi Narayan Shah, the Khas Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of Jumla, was ruled by King Shamsher Sen. The Khas Kingdom was one of the many small, fragmented states in what is now Nepal, before Prithvi Narayan Shah embarked on his campaign to unify the region.
PN Shah was the king of gorkha not the king of khas. Shah dynasty accepts that are Thakuris which is somewhere considered as brothers of magars.
You can find a lot of khas history in the internet.
@@swasg3129 Malla, Chand, Bam, Sen, Shahi, Rajbhar are all khas kings. Which dynasty do you want to know about?
@@pratikking2272 Khasa kingdom from Jumla
Nepal ko Mulbasi bhanayko nai aakha chimsay haru ho, Arya haru dherai pachi aako ho, yo kura saab lai yad cha.
The Kirat Movement by Iman Singh Chemjong: A Baseless and Spiteful Endeavor
The Kirat movement, initiated by Iman Singh Chemjong, has long been celebrated as a unifying force among the ethnic groups of Eastern Nepal. However, a closer examination of historical and archaeological evidence reveals that this movement was based on a fabrication, with no substantial historical basis to support its claims. Instead, it was a spiteful and divisive campaign aimed at the Bhutia community. This essay argues that the Kirat movement was founded on falsehoods and had no legitimate grounding in the history of the region.
The Fabrication of the Kirat Identity
The term "Kirat" was strategically adopted by Iman Singh Chemjong to create a sense of unity among the Limbus, Rais, and Yakkhas. However, this identity lacks historical authenticity. Before Chemjong's intervention, these groups did not collectively identify as Kirats. The word "Kirat" itself was first used in this context by Rana Bahadur Shah and not by the indigenous communities themselves. Prithvi Narayan Shah referred to the Limbus as descendants of Yehang, not as Kirats. This indicates that the Kirat identity was an artificial construct, imposed for political purposes rather than a reflection of a genuine historical lineage.
Lack of Archaeological Evidence
The historical narrative promoted by the Kirat movement claims that the Limbus and Rais are ancient inhabitants of Eastern Nepal, integral to the region's history. However, there is a glaring lack of archaeological evidence to support this claim. Unlike the well-documented presence of the Sen Thakuri dynasty and the Bhutia Chogyals, which is evidenced by numerous forts, palaces, and inscriptions such as those at Makawanpur Gadi, Udayapur Forts, and Bijaypur Durbar, there are no corresponding sites that can be attributed to Limbu or Rai rule.
No inscriptions, palaces, or forts bear witness to a long-term Limbu presence or governance in Eastern Nepal. This absence of material evidence starkly contrasts with the rich archaeological heritage left by other ruling dynasties in the region, highlighting the lack of historical basis for the Kirat movement's claims.
Genetic and Historical Discrepancies
Genetic studies have shown that the Limbus and Rais possess a high proportion of Mongolian DNA, distinguishing them from other Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups in South Asia. This genetic evidence suggests that these communities migrated from the Sichuan province in China to northern Tibet during the Mongol conquests and later settled in Eastern Nepal in the 17th century. This migration narrative contradicts the Kirat movement's assertion of an ancient and indigenous lineage in Eastern Nepal. Instead, it positions the Limbus and Rais as relatively recent arrivals who sought refuge in the region under the patronage of local rulers, rather than as ancient inhabitants with a long-standing historical presence.
A Spiteful Movement Against the Bhutia Community
The Kirat movement was not merely an attempt to rewrite history; it was also a targeted campaign against the Bhutia community. Chemjong's efforts to foster a unified Kirat identity were driven by a desire to incite resistance and revolt against the Bhutia-dominated Kingdom of Sikkim. This movement was rooted in ethnic animosity and aimed at undermining the Bhutia community's historical and political significance in the region.
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Kirat movement, as orchestrated by Iman Singh Chemjong, was based on a lie and lacked any legitimate historical foundation. It was a spiteful and hateful campaign against the Bhutia community, aimed at rewriting history for political purposes. The lack of archaeological evidence supporting the claims of ancient Limbu rule, coupled with genetic and historical discrepancies, underscores the falsehoods at the heart of the Kirat movement. It is crucial to critically reevaluate this narrative and recognize the true historical context of Eastern Nepal and its diverse ethnic landscape. By doing so, we can ensure a more accurate and inclusive understanding of the region's history, free from the distortions and biases perpetuated by the Kirat movement.
Narendrayakthumba thik bhannu bhayo. Yo kura Dr Surya Mani Adhikari le Khas kingdom bhanne kitab maa swikareka chhan
लिंबू लोगों में मंगोलियाई डीएनए की उच्च सांद्रता क्यों है?
लिंबू लोगों में मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी डीएनए की उच्च सांद्रता का कारण उनकी ऐतिहासिक उत्पत्ति और प्रवास की कहानी में छिपा हुआ है। यह जानना महत्वपूर्ण है कि ये लोग मंगोल और उत्तरी चीनी समुदायों से कैसे संबंधित हैं और कैसे उनके जीन में यह विविधता आई।
मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी डीएनए का संबंध
ऐतिहासिक प्रवास और उत्पत्ति:
लिंबू लोगों की उत्पत्ति सिचुआन प्रांत, चीन से हुई मानी जाती है। 13वीं और 14वीं शताब्दी में मंगोल विजय के दौरान विभिन्न जनजातियों को उनके मूल स्थानों से विस्थापित किया गया था। इस समय के दौरान लिंबू लोग उत्तरी तिब्बत होते हुए पूर्वी नेपाल में प्रवास कर गए थे।
मंगोल साम्राज्य के विस्तार के कारण, कई जनजातियों को अपने स्थान से विस्थापित होकर नई जगहों की तलाश करनी पड़ी। लिंबू लोग भी ऐसे ही विस्थापित समूहों में से एक थे।
जनसंख्या का मिश्रण:
मंगोल विजय के दौरान विभिन्न जनजातियों का एक-दूसरे के साथ संपर्क हुआ, जिससे जनसंख्या में आनुवंशिक मिश्रण हुआ। इस मिश्रण के परिणामस्वरूप लिंबू लोगों में मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी डीएनए की उच्च सांद्रता पाई जाती है।
नेपाल में बसना:
17वीं शताब्दी में, लिंबू लोग सिचुआन और उत्तरी तिब्बत से नेपाल के पूर्वी क्षेत्र में आकर बस गए। यहाँ उन्हें सेन राजाओं और भूटिया चोग्यालों द्वारा भूमि और संरक्षण प्रदान किया गया।
इस नए स्थान पर बसने के दौरान लिंबू लोगों ने स्थानीय संस्कृतियों को अपनाया लेकिन अपने विशिष्ट भाषाई और सांस्कृतिक परंपराओं को भी बनाए रखा।
जेनेटिक अध्ययन और प्रमाण
माइटोकॉन्ड्रियल डीएनए (mtDNA) अध्ययन:
माइटोकॉन्ड्रियल डीएनए केवल माँ से विरासत में मिलता है और मातृ वंश को दर्शाता है। लिंबू लोगों के mtDNA में मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी जनसंख्या से महत्वपूर्ण समानताएँ पाई गई हैं, जो उनके मातृ वंश को इन क्षेत्रों से जोड़ती हैं।
Y-क्रोमोसोम डीएनए अध्ययन:
Y-क्रोमोसोम पिता से पुत्र को विरासत में मिलता है और पितृ वंश को दर्शाता है। लिंबू लोगों के Y-क्रोमोसोम में भी मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी जनसंख्या के मार्कर पाए गए हैं, जो उनके पितृ वंश को इन क्षेत्रों से जोड़ते हैं।
सांस्कृतिक और भाषाई प्रमाण
संस्कृति और परंपराएँ:
लिंबू लोगों की कुछ परंपराएँ और संस्कार पूर्वी एशिया की अन्य मंगोलॉइड जनजातियों से मिलते-जुलते हैं। ये सांस्कृतिक समानताएँ ऐतिहासिक संपर्क और साझा वंश को दर्शाती हैं।
भाषाई संबंध:
लिंबू भाषा, जो कि सिनो-तिब्बती भाषा परिवार का हिस्सा है, मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी भाषाओं की विशेषताओं को दर्शाती है। भाषाई अध्ययन ने साझा भाषाई तत्वों की पहचान की है, जो ऐतिहासिक संबंधों और प्रवास पैटर्न को इंगित करती है।
निष्कर्ष
लिंबू लोगों में मंगोलियाई और उत्तरी चीनी डीएनए की उच्च सांद्रता का कारण उनके ऐतिहासिक प्रवास और जनसंख्या मिश्रण में है। मंगोल विजय के दौरान इन जनजातियों का विस्थापन और नए क्षेत्रों में बसना उनके आनुवंशिक प्रोफाइल को आकार देने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है। लिंबू लोगों का यह आनुवंशिक और सांस्कृतिक धरोहर एशिया के गतिशील और अंतर-संबंधित इतिहास को दर्शाता है।
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Kirat movement, as orchestrated by Iman Singh Chemjong, was based on a lie and lacked any legitimate historical foundation. It was a spiteful and hateful campaign against the Bhutia community, aimed at rewriting history for political purposes. The lack of archaeological evidence supporting the claims of ancient Limbu rule, coupled with genetic and historical discrepancies, underscores the falsehoods at the heart of the Kirat movement. It is crucial to critically reevaluate this narrative and recognize the true historical context of Eastern Nepal and its diverse ethnic landscape.
@@SandeshKushwaha-tl2fd The Kirat dynasty represents the first recognized empire of the Nepali chronology, ruling the
Kathmandu Valley and surrounding regions from roughly 800 BCE to 300 CE. While details regarding
specific rulers and events remain sparse, this critical early kingdom laid the foundations for
centralized governance, socio-cultural amalgamation, and infrastructural projects upon which later
dynasties within emerging Nepali states built upon centuries up to the modern era.
Temporal and Satial Scale
Most historians trace the Kirati imperial span across approximately 12 generations lasting over a millennium until
usurpation by the Lichhavi dynasty. At its peak circa 500 BCE, these primordial kings held sway over the Indo-Nepal
hills and Gangetic plains, sustaining control over trade routes and scattered settlements that coalesced gradually
into a unified sphere now recorded as one of Asia’s earliest Hindu civilizations. Their capital simmered in Devapatan
(present-day Gorkha) before relocating
to the Kathmandu Valley basin based on interpretations of ancient texts and enduring myths.
Origins and Early History
Ethnolinguistic Origins
Linguistic analysis links the Kirati people to Tibeto-Burman roots, sharing affinity with Rai and Limbu ethnicities populating present-day
eastern Nepal and Sikkim. This supports ethnographic positions tracing Kirat migration into Kathmandu Valley circa 700 BCE from old Zhangzhung
domains north of the Himalayas before exerting dominance. Culturally, totemic shamanism and animistic rituals connected to nature worship
characterize early documented Kirati belief patterns.
Key Discoveries
Stone inscriptions and relics hinting at unnamed proto-Kirati settlements predating 500 BCE across eastern mid-hill regions of modern Nepal.
Fortification remnants, iron tools, and weapons symbolically resembling Kirati tiger emblems are buried near the Kathmandu Valley dating to the suspected dynasty era.
Scattered Licchavi records and Newari chronicles referencing rival "Kirata" tribes ruling Kathmandu Valley before the Licchavi dynasty.
Ornate carvings and architecture foundations exhibiting possible Tibeto-Burmese stylistic influences underneath Kathmandu palaces.
Syncretic statues and motifs fusing animist nature worship with early Tantric Hindu themes traced to the dynasty period.
Kina sodheko vanda..kaslai chai sodheko xau?? Ko hooooooo....whos heeeee?????
17000 or 1700 ?
17000
"Through the patronage of the British in Darjeeling, the Limbus and Rais were able to gain an education and subsequently rewrite the history of the region in a way that placed them at the center. Leveraging the lack of written records among the Nepali populace, who were restricted from literacy under Rana rule, these groups crafted a mythical narrative of ancient Kirata kingships and oral traditions to bolster their claims.Tellingly, this revised history lacks any substantive archaeological or documentary evidence to back it up. Instead, it relies heavily on unverified "oral histories" that conveniently align with the Limbus' and Rais' desire to be recognized as the rightful indigenous rulers of the Kathmandu valley."
Ani k vayo taw…. Better look forward all of you
Whatever hamro history lai Pani further research garnu jaruri xa. You cant look forward until you learn some lessons from you past .
Nonsense , study more if you want to explore more real world. Chor sala j paye tehi bolexa
@@Mt.Chomolungma8848 tyo ta suru ni vaa chaina hamro bishaal kahs samrajya ladakh samma ko tesko hamro kitaab ma padhai hudaina bas yo newar harko faaltu histroy padhai hunxa jabaki Kathmandu ko raja harley hamro Khas raja lai tax dinthyo and they were under us
Wahako afno bislesan
ajhai pani yei out dated history vani hidxau hai ??? western haru le jabarjasti peleko history ho yo aile western aafai yo prove garna sakdaina
The British introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling in large numbers marked the beginning of the end of the Kingdom of Sikkim. This strategic move by the British had far-reaching consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of the kingdom. The Limbus, brought in to maintain a balance of power in the region, played a crucial role in the erosion of Sikkim's sovereignty and the eventual annexation of the kingdom by the British.
One of the primary reasons the British brought in the Limbus was to counterbalance the influence of the Gorkhas, who were a dominant force in the region. The Gorkhas, led by the powerful kingdom of Nepal, posed a significant threat to British interests in India. By supporting the Limbus, the British aimed to create a buffer zone between their territories and the Gorkhas, thereby reducing the risk of conflict. However, this move had unintended consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of Sikkim.
The Limbus, who were initially loyal to the British, soon became embroiled in the politics of Sikkim. They formed alliances with the British and the Gorkhas, convincing themselves that they were fighting for their own interests. However, this allegiance came at a significant cost. The Limbus played a crucial role in erasing the history of the indigenous cultures of Sikkim, including the Lepchas and Bhutias, who were the traditional rulers of the kingdom. This erasure of history has had lasting impacts on the region, with many of the historical sites and inscriptions of these cultures being lost or forgotten.
Furthermore, the Limbus' involvement in Sikkim's politics led to the displacement of the traditional rulers and the erosion of the kingdom's sovereignty. The Limbus, who were seen as more pliable and loyal to the British, gradually took over key administrative positions, displacing the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a loss of power and influence for the traditional rulers, ultimately weakening the kingdom's ability to resist British encroachment.
The British, sensing the weakening of Sikkim's sovereignty, began to exert greater pressure on the kingdom. They used the Limbus as a tool to further their own interests, often manipulating them to do their bidding. This led to a series of treaties and agreements that gradually eroded Sikkim's autonomy, ultimately culminating in the annexation of the kingdom by the British in 1975.
In addition, the large-scale introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling also led to significant demographic changes in the region. The Limbus, who were predominantly agriculturalists, brought with them new farming practices and technologies that displaced the traditional farming methods of the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a significant shift in the region's economy, with the Limbus becoming the dominant agricultural force. The traditional rulers, who were once the primary agriculturalists, were gradually marginalized and lost their economic influence.
source
Insidious narrative. Contrary to ur writing, Limbus are amongst the earliest inhabitants of Sikkim, primarily west Sikkim.
Sikkim as a nation was founded by the three tribes (Bhutias, Lepchas & Limbus) under the Lho-Mehn-Tsong in 1642 AD when Gorkha(Nepal) as a nation was inexistent aside from being a small principality.
Furthermore, the name Sikkim itself derives from the Limbu words "Su" & "Khim" which translates to new house.
Your malicious write up should instead replace ur reference for Limbu with " Gorkhali/Nepali tribes" who had initially migrated to Sikkim as labourers in tea estates/gardens. This migrant group fits your narrative of the British strategy of counterbalancing the local population (Bhutias, Lepchas & Limbus) of Sikkim.
Limbus have inherently been subjected as Gorkhalis & distanced from Bhutias & Lepchas as the indigenous population of Sikkim since much of the historic Limbu ethnic homeland lies in present day Nepal. All this again is tacit strategy to dilute Sikkim's political class in favour of the migrant polulation.
We are vividly aware of how this population impacted the history of Sikkim thereafter.
It was not limbu people who were introduced by the British in Sikkim; it was hindu people. The Chogyal of Sikkim didn't want those infidels in Sikkim, but the Chogyal was jailed in Kalimpong, and infidels were brought in.
Sikkim as a country was established with a triparty agreement between the Bhutias, Lepchas, and Yakthungs. Sikkim's boundary was till the Arun River in the west, but Yakthungs shifted their loyalty to Gurkhas when they were awarded the subba rank.
@@kishorthamsuhang8490 The Kirat Movement by Iman Singh Chemjong: A Baseless and Spiteful Endeavor
The Kirat movement, initiated by Iman Singh Chemjong, has long been celebrated as a unifying force among the ethnic groups of Eastern Nepal. However, a closer examination of historical and archaeological evidence reveals that this movement was based on a fabrication, with no substantial historical basis to support its claims. Instead, it was a spiteful and divisive campaign aimed at the Bhutia community. This essay argues that the Kirat movement was founded on falsehoods and had no legitimate grounding in the history of the region.
The Fabrication of the Kirat Identity
The term "Kirat" was strategically adopted by Iman Singh Chemjong to create a sense of unity among the Limbus, Rais, and Yakkhas. However, this identity lacks historical authenticity. Before Chemjong's intervention, these groups did not collectively identify as Kirats. The word "Kirat" itself was first used in this context by Rana Bahadur Shah and not by the indigenous communities themselves. Prithvi Narayan Shah referred to the Limbus as descendants of Yehang, not as Kirats. This indicates that the Kirat identity was an artificial construct, imposed for political purposes rather than a reflection of a genuine historical lineage.
Lack of Archaeological Evidence
The historical narrative promoted by the Kirat movement claims that the Limbus and Rais are ancient inhabitants of Eastern Nepal, integral to the region's history. However, there is a glaring lack of archaeological evidence to support this claim. Unlike the well-documented presence of the Sen Thakuri dynasty and the Bhutia Chogyals, which is evidenced by numerous forts, palaces, and inscriptions such as those at Makawanpur Gadi, Udayapur Forts, and Bijaypur Durbar, there are no corresponding sites that can be attributed to Limbu or Rai rule.
No inscriptions, palaces, or forts bear witness to a long-term Limbu presence or governance in Eastern Nepal. This absence of material evidence starkly contrasts with the rich archaeological heritage left by other ruling dynasties in the region, highlighting the lack of historical basis for the Kirat movement's claims.
Genetic and Historical Discrepancies
Genetic studies have shown that the Limbus and Rais possess a high proportion of Mongolian DNA, distinguishing them from other Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups in South Asia. This genetic evidence suggests that these communities migrated from the Sichuan province in China to northern Tibet during the Mongol conquests and later settled in Eastern Nepal in the 17th century. This migration narrative contradicts the Kirat movement's assertion of an ancient and indigenous lineage in Eastern Nepal. Instead, it positions the Limbus and Rais as relatively recent arrivals who sought refuge in the region under the patronage of local rulers, rather than as ancient inhabitants with a long-standing historical presence.
A Spiteful Movement Against the Bhutia Community
The Kirat movement was not merely an attempt to rewrite history; it was also a targeted campaign against the Bhutia community. Chemjong's efforts to foster a unified Kirat identity were driven by a desire to incite resistance and revolt against the Bhutia-dominated Kingdom of Sikkim. This movement was rooted in ethnic animosity and aimed at undermining the Bhutia community's historical and political significance in the region.
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Kirat movement, as orchestrated by Iman Singh Chemjong, was based on a lie and lacked any legitimate historical foundation. It was a spiteful and hateful campaign against the Bhutia community, aimed at rewriting history for political purposes. The lack of archaeological evidence supporting the claims of ancient Limbu rule, coupled with genetic and historical discrepancies, underscores the falsehoods at the heart of the Kirat movement. It is crucial to critically reevaluate this narrative and recognize the true historical context of Eastern Nepal and its diverse ethnic landscape. By doing so, we can ensure a more accurate and inclusive understanding of the region's history, free from the distortions and biases perpetuated by the Kirat movement.
इंडिया उत्तराखण्डमा किरातीले शासन गरेको र पूर्वी नेपालमा गएर बसेका छन।
अझै इतिहास पढ़ाउने गर्छन।
नेपालमा भने किराती र किरातीलाई मास्ने मानसिकता बनाए।
लिच्छवी देखि शाह शासनसम्म किराती बेवास्ता र अन्याय झेल्दै आएका हुन।
अहिले पनि अवस्था फेरिएको छैन।
The British introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling in large numbers marked the beginning of the end of the Kingdom of Sikkim. This strategic move by the British had far-reaching consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of the kingdom. The Limbus, brought in to maintain a balance of power in the region, played a crucial role in the erosion of Sikkim's sovereignty and the eventual annexation of the kingdom by the British.
One of the primary reasons the British brought in the Limbus was to counterbalance the influence of the Gorkhas, who were a dominant force in the region. The Gorkhas, led by the powerful kingdom of Nepal, posed a significant threat to British interests in India. By supporting the Limbus, the British aimed to create a buffer zone between their territories and the Gorkhas, thereby reducing the risk of conflict. However, this move had unintended consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of Sikkim.
The Limbus, who were initially loyal to the British, soon became embroiled in the politics of Sikkim. They formed alliances with the British and the Gorkhas, convincing themselves that they were fighting for their own interests. However, this allegiance came at a significant cost. The Limbus played a crucial role in erasing the history of the indigenous cultures of Sikkim, including the Lepchas and Bhutias, who were the traditional rulers of the kingdom. This erasure of history has had lasting impacts on the region, with many of the historical sites and inscriptions of these cultures being lost or forgotten.
Furthermore, the Limbus' involvement in Sikkim's politics led to the displacement of the traditional rulers and the erosion of the kingdom's sovereignty. The Limbus, who were seen as more pliable and loyal to the British, gradually took over key administrative positions, displacing the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a loss of power and influence for the traditional rulers, ultimately weakening the kingdom's ability to resist British encroachment.
The British, sensing the weakening of Sikkim's sovereignty, began to exert greater pressure on the kingdom. They used the Limbus as a tool to further their own interests, often manipulating them to do their bidding. This led to a series of treaties and agreements that gradually eroded Sikkim's autonomy, ultimately culminating in the annexation of the kingdom by the British in 1975.
In addition, the large-scale introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling also led to significant demographic changes in the region. The Limbus, who were predominantly agriculturalists, brought with them new farming practices and technologies that displaced the traditional farming methods of the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a significant shift in the region's economy, with the Limbus becoming the dominant agricultural force. The traditional rulers, who were once the primary agriculturalists, were gradually marginalized and lost their economic influence.
खासमा अहिले जसलाई किरात भनिदै आइएको छ उनीहरूको मिथक र मुन्दुम प्रसस्तिमा किरात शब्द नै छैन ।
"Through the patronage of the British in Darjeeling, the Limbus and Rais were able to gain an education and subsequently rewrite the history of the region in a way that placed them at the center. Leveraging the lack of written records among the Nepali populace, who were restricted from literacy under Rana rule, these groups crafted a mythical narrative of ancient Kirata kingships and oral traditions to bolster their claims.Tellingly, this revised history lacks any substantive archaeological or documentary evidence to back it up. Instead, it relies heavily on unverified "oral histories" that conveniently align with the Limbus' and Rais' desire to be recognized as the rightful indigenous rulers of the Kathmandu valley."
@@user-tg5ut6ic8lwhat do u know about Kirati..nothing..zero knowledge and u r here writing rubbish..😂
laadoo garyo uttarakhand ma sashan
आधा काटेर हाइलाइट गरेको 😀😀😀😀। नेपाल एशिया भूगोल। मा पर्दछ। त्यसैले नेग्रोइद हरु को। उत्पति सबै भन्दा अगाडि भएको थियो। त्यो पनि अफ्रिकामा। जब भूकम्प ले दक्षिण तिर को अफ्रिकाको स्टेट टुक्रिएर एशियाको तिब्बत स्टेट सँग जोडियो त्यही तिबात तिरको सानो टुक्रा जमीन सतह बाट माथि उथिएको हो। अर्को कुरा बुझ्नु पर्ने के छ भने कालो जिन भएका आर्य बर्ण हरु उत्तर तिर बाट आएको देखाउँछ। । दक्षिण तिर बाट मंगोल बर्ण भएको कालो जिन देखाउँछ। त्यसैले इन्डियाको दक्षिण भूभागमा कालो जिन भएको मंगोल वर्ण बढी देखिन्छ ।। आर्य वर्ण को हरु अलिक पछि छिरेको डकुमेन्ट्री ले प्रस्ट पार्छ। अर्को कुरा मंगोल हरुमा सबै भन्दा प्रथम फेमिली को सुरुवात भएकै कालो जिन को। मंगोलोइड रेस सँग भएको हो। एशियन जिन पहेंलो जिन हो।
कालो जिनलाई नेग्रोइड भनिन्छ। Man को अर्थ यही हो। मंगोलोइड आररेबियन र नेग्रोइड ।।
अफ्रिका मा पनि 3 ओटै बर्ण भएको मानव छन् तर जिन कालो। हुन्छ। मंगोलोइड मा पनि 3ओटै। बर्ण भएको मानव हुन्छन् उसको जिन पहेंलो हुन्छ। आर्य मा पनि 3ओटै बर्ण को मानव छन् तर उसको जिन सेतो हुन्छ । मानव वर्गीकरण। र भूगोल जिन र बर्ण ले गर्छ। त्यसैले कालो जिनको उत्पति अफ्रिका हो सेतो जिन को उत्पति रसियाको ककसिया हो भने भने पहेंलो जिनको उत्पति भूगोल एसिया हो जसमा नेपाल पनि पर्दछ किन भनें नेपाल उत्तर पुर्बी भूभागको स्टेट हो।। दक्षिण भागमा जुन कालो जिनको मानव बस्ती छन् उनीहरू काशी क्षेत्र अन्तर्गत पर्छ। अब आफै सोच्नु होस् त काशी नेपाल भन्दा नजिक छ कि टाढा छ??
याद राखौ नेपाल र भारत लाई गंगा नदी ले सिमाना छुट्याउँछ। अफ्रिकाको स्टेटमा भूकम्प जाँदा आज जुन नदी लाई गङ्गे भनिन्छ त्यो अफ्रिकन नागरिक। गङ्गे को नाम बाट राखिएको हो त्यसैले सिमाना छुट्याउछ।।
ktm ko history nai licchavi bata suru cha period
Tyo teso vaye Mahabharata Lai ignore garideu Ani Buddha rah Buddhism ko astitwo Lai ni ignore garideu Ani tespachi matrai lichchavi bata Suru gara hai.
@@user-kk5kh1mi8s pls go to khusinagar near vaishali anee arcitecture murti sabai nepali mandir ra murti praya ktm kai jasto cha..buddha died iear vaisali ra buddha ko thalo jammai nar vaisali cha...tesailey licchavi in 1st century ma buddha ko nee follower thiye...im not denying kiratis but they were from east nepal or myanmar coz culture is same..no evidence like coin,books or temple of kiratis in ktm..mahabharat ma kiratis could be from northeast india
@@proequipments7210india ko boudha gaya jaau sabai lumbini jastai cha Buddha india ma janmeko ho teso vaye ? Yo pagoda saili ko mandir Araniko bata Suru vako ho Ani Araniko kaheley Pani india gayeko thiyena US maa ni Nepal Kai mandir cha aba voli gayerah US sanga ni Hindu ko connection cha vanney?
@@proequipments7210 Ani Kirati ko Pala maa kunai Pani thaau maa paisa ko chalan thiyena Vai Hawa taal maa veda nahou paisa ko prachalan mandev le gareko ho tyo vandaa agaadi ko lichchavi ko raaja Lai maandainau tah aba pramaan nasta garna sakinncha newar haru le puja garney Akash Vairab ko mandir Lai nasta garna sakenan aba lichchavi, Malla rah shah ko Pala maa Kirati haru ko ktm maa tetro power tah thiyena hola ni jasley rataaraat Yalambar arthaat Akash Vairab ko mandir banaauna lagaayo Ali ekohro nasochnu sabai timeline Lai hernu vram ko kheti nagarnu
@@proequipments7210 paisa ko kura nagara Kirati ko Pala maa sansar ko kunai Pani thaau maa paisa ko chalan thiyena testai kura garney ho vaney Mandev vandaa agaadi ko lichchavi ko raaja Lai maandainau tah? Aba voli gayerah sikka ko chalan hatlaa Ani paisa Nepal maa shah le lyaako vanney? Pramaan nasta garna sakinncha newar haru le puja garney Akash Vairab ko mandir gako nasta garna sakenan aba lichchavi Malla rah shah ko Pala maa Kirati haru ko ktm maa tetro power tah thiyena hola rataaraat Yalambar arthaat Akash Vairab ko mandir khadaa garnu ko laagi Ali veda rah ekohro nasochnu sabai timeline Lai hernu vram ko kheti nagarnu.
Khoi k ho k ho afrika ko manche tyo bela aaune sambhav hola ra?
Faking the Kirat Identity
A Closer Look at Historical Manipulations
In recent years, the narrative surrounding the Kirat identity has come under intense scrutiny. Traditionally celebrated as a unifying force among the ethnic groups of Eastern Nepal, the Kirat identity-chiefly associated with the Limbus and Rais-has been revealed to be a historical fabrication. This manipulation was not only a bid for political power but also a campaign of ethnic antagonism against the indigenous Lepcha and Bhutia communities.
The Roots of the Kirat Identity
The term "Kirat" has been strategically adopted by certain groups to forge a collective identity. However, a detailed examination of historical and linguistic evidence challenges this constructed narrative. Before the intervention of scholars like Iman Singh Chemjong, the Limbus, Rais, and Yakkhas did not identify collectively as Kirats. The term was first popularized by Rana Bahadur Shah and later adopted by Prithvi Narayan Shah, who referred to the Limbus as descendants of Yehang, not Kirats. This indicates that the Kirat identity was a political construct, lacking genuine historical roots.
Lack of Archaeological Evidence
One of the most compelling arguments against the Kirat identity of the Limbus and Rais is the absence of archaeological evidence. Historical narratives promoted by the Kirat movement claim that these groups are ancient inhabitants of Eastern Nepal. However, unlike the well-documented presence of the Sen Thakuri dynasty and the Bhutia Chogyals-evidenced by numerous forts, palaces, and inscriptions such as those at Makawanpur Gadi, Udayapur Forts, and Bijaypur Durbar-there are no corresponding sites that can be attributed to Limbu or Rai rule.
No inscriptions, palaces, or forts bear witness to a long-term Limbu or Rai presence or governance in Eastern Nepal. This stark absence of material evidence contrasts with the rich archaeological heritage left by other ruling dynasties, underscoring the fabricated nature of the Kirat identity claims.
Genetic and Migration Evidence
Genetic studies have further debunked the Kirat narrative. Research indicates that the Limbus and Rais possess a high proportion of Mongolian DNA, distinguishing them from other Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups in South Asia. This genetic evidence suggests that these communities migrated from the Sichuan province in China to northern Tibet during the Mongol conquests and later settled in Eastern Nepal in the 17th century. This migration narrative contradicts the Kirat movement's assertion of an ancient and indigenous lineage in Eastern Nepal.
Political Manipulation and Ethnic Tensions
The Kirat identity was not merely a historical inaccuracy; it was a tool for political manipulation. Iman Singh Chemjong's efforts to foster a unified Kirat identity were driven by a desire to incite resistance and revolt against the Bhutia-dominated Kingdom of Sikkim. This movement was rooted in ethnic animosity and aimed at undermining the Bhutia community's historical and political significance in the region.
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Impact on Lepcha and Bhutia Communities
The Kirat movement’s divisive tactics extended beyond historical revisionism. By positioning the Limbus and Rais as the rightful heirs of the region, the movement marginalized the Lepcha and Bhutia communities, undermining their historical significance and contributions. This sowed seeds of discord and ethnic tension, fracturing what was once a more cohesive cultural tapestry in Eastern Nepal.
Sabai vanda pahilo jati Dravidian navayi Proto-dravidian hunu parne ho.
Muji k k bolxa
"Through the patronage of the British in Darjeeling, the Limbus and Rais were able to gain an education and subsequently rewrite the history of the region in a way that placed them at the center. Leveraging the lack of written records among the Nepali populace, who were restricted from literacy under Rana rule, these groups crafted a mythical narrative of ancient Kirata kingships and oral traditions to bolster their claims.Tellingly, this revised history lacks any substantive archaeological or documentary evidence to back it up. Instead, it relies heavily on unverified "oral histories" that conveniently align with the Limbus' and Rais' desire to be recognized as the rightful indigenous rulers of the Kathmandu valley."
What is your reference??
kun chai ledey magar raixa yo 🤔
Thahapayis muzzieee....chhyatare
Thwhapayis muzzie chhyatare
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Kirat movement, as orchestrated by Iman Singh Chemjong, was based on a lie and lacked any legitimate historical foundation. It was a spiteful and hateful campaign against the Bhutia community, aimed at rewriting history for political purposes. The lack of archaeological evidence supporting the claims of ancient Limbu rule, coupled with genetic and historical discrepancies, underscores the falsehoods at the heart of the Kirat movement. It is crucial to critically reevaluate this narrative and recognize the true historical context of Eastern Nepal and its diverse ethnic landscape.
The Limbu and Rai: Rewriting the History of Nepal's Darjeeling Hills
The history of the Limbus and Rais in the Darjeeling hills has long been shrouded in myth and misinformation. Contrary to the popular narrative propagated by these groups, there is little archaeological evidence to suggest they were the ancient Kiratas who ruled over Eastern Nepal for centuries.
In reality, the available evidence points to a very different story. The Sen Thakuris, not the Limbus or Rais, were the dominant rulers of Eastern Nepal for over 600 years. Their legacy is evident in the numerous forts, palaces and inscriptions that dot the landscape, such as the Makawanpur Gadi, Udayapur Forts and Bijaypur Durbar. Similarly, the Bhutias (Chogyals) established a strong presence in Sikkim during this period.
Yet, through the patronage of the British in Darjeeling, the Limbus and Rais were able to gain an education and subsequently rewrite the history of the region in a way that placed them at the center. Leveraging the lack of written records among the Nepali populace, who were restricted from literacy under Rana rule, these groups crafted a mythical narrative of ancient Kirata kingships and oral traditions to bolster their claims.
Tellingly, this revised history lacks any substantive archaeological or documentary evidence to back it up. Instead, it relies heavily on unverified "oral histories" that conveniently align with the Limbus' and Rais' desire to be recognized as the rightful indigenous rulers of the Darjeeling hills.
Further undermining their claims is the genetic evidence, which reveals a strong Mongolian ancestry among the Limbus and Rais that distinguishes them from other Mongoloid groups in South Asia. This suggests they were likely refugees who migrated from China's Sichuan province to Tibet during the Mongol conquests, before eventually seeking shelter with the Sen kings of Nepal and the Chogyals of Sikkim in the 17th century.
In essence, the Limbus and Rais, with the aid of the British, have succeeded in rewriting the history of Nepal's Darjeeling hills in a way that erases the legitimate claims of the Bhutias, Khas Aryas and Newars. This biased, Limbu-centric narrative has left historians grappling with a distorted understanding of the region's true past. Only by confronting this revisionist history with the weight of archaeological and genetic evidence can the record be set straight.
These type of mindset you'll get when you start to believe Hanuman swallowing sun,Hanuman pushing srilanka far away from India,land gave birth to Sita while King Janak was digging to cultivate,cow gaving birth to human being,
You don't know shit about eastern nepal so don't talk shit there are 10 yaks is yakthung laje even now if you are so curious to prove us wrong go do research in those ten yak,Sikkim formed in 1663 the agreement name is lho-men-tsong lho means bhutia,men means lepcha,tsong means limbu(yakthung) don't be oversmart muji tmaru jsto thopda vako haru ko eastern nepal ma existence vako nai 1774 ko noon Pani Sandhi poxi ho don't say vijaypur Darbar belongs to whom if you don't know nothing. Chutiya will forever remain chutiya ysto harlai dekhda yo kura isprasta hunxa you stay in your own land don't try to be gyani like those whose tails you guys follow
These are those people who believe hanuman swallowing sun,hanuman carrying whole mountain,cow giving birth to human being,land giving birth to seeta,rest of us know who are immigrant to these land 😂😂if being chutiya was a competition you will be for sure rewarded 😂😂🥇the vijaypur which you are claiming it is older then your ancestor existence it was the capital of morang state which was formed in 650 ad to stop immigrant like you😂😂
Bro u are wrong. You mean to say that our Mudhum is wrong. It's because of petty people like you that our society gets embroiled in casteism. We live in the 21st century. And by the way have u seen god. You seriously need to do more research rather than yapping and writing stanzas. So according to you Rais and Limbus migrated to nepal in the last 100 years. We came from China where did you come from?
Don't fuck up your own thoughts and write it down randomly.....your stupidity reflects in your writing.... Your Little knowledge is very dangerous to You and society.
Source? Trust me bro😂😂😂🎉
ko ho nepalko itihas bigranama lagipareko no one knows. forget u'r history u'll forget who u r.
😂😂😂Testo Hain Shah Ra brmahan harule dabayao ithass niskedai xa. Hami lai books ma padako history bastibak history bhanda dherai para xa. Aja KO scientific research haru le purano ithass pheri punarjagarn hudai xa
Nepal ma praya bharta bata aayeko Brahman haru le Shah haru sanga milera duniya Katha kahani sunayera, kitab ma Pani testai kahani sunayera hami lai real history bata tada rakheko dekhinxa.
Bharat ma Pani bhraman haru le Buddhist haru lai dominate garna Muslim haru sanga milera, Buddhist lai lakheteko praman xa.
Bharat ma ram, Krishna haru KO kunai evidence bhetedaina, baru Buddha KO murti haru praya bhetinxa. Buddha KO nalanda biswabidhyala jalayera Buddhist lai Bharat bata lakhetnu ma Muslim Ra brahmin ho bhumika dekhinxa. Bharat KO Bihar rajya aja Pani xa, jun naan aafai ma Buddha Bihar sanga jodeyeko xa. Tesai gari Nepal ma Pani Brahman harule Shah sanga milera yaha KO mulbasi haru KO dharma, sanskar, Sanskriti, basa, ithass lai dabauna dherai prayas gareko paiencha.
Tara aja KO samay ma yaha KO mulbasi haru padelekhe bhayera adhyan garna thalaeko xa tesaile Naya Kura haru niskendai xa. Bastab. Ma yo Naya ithass nabhayera, purano samay ma dabayako ithass ho .
Nepal KO pashupati Pani Paila Buddha Bihar ho, tyha shiva KO multi haru Bharat bata aayeko sankhar acharya le rakheko ho around 10th century. Tara tyha KO sabai bhanda purano murti haru sabai buddhako paienxa. Katipaya Buddha KO murti lai tood mood garera, aakar ferera shiva KO murti ho bhanxa.😂😂😂 Pashupati KO shiva KO murti haru pachi hindukaran Garda haleko. Pashupati Nath KO main shiv ling bhanera puga garne statue ma Buddha KO 4 tauko paienxa. Tara teslai todera shiva linga ho bhanxa Brahman haru . Yesto Kura haru ma Shah raja harule Pani research gareko paiendaina. Tara aba Naya scientific, archeological research garne youth haru janmindai xa Nepal ma jasle bholi KO din sabai kura prasta parne xa .
These kind of mindset and people destroyed our history.
The British introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling in large numbers marked the beginning of the end of the Kingdom of Sikkim. This strategic move by the British had far-reaching consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of the kingdom. The Limbus, brought in to maintain a balance of power in the region, played a crucial role in the erosion of Sikkim's sovereignty and the eventual annexation of the kingdom by the British.
One of the primary reasons the British brought in the Limbus was to counterbalance the influence of the Gorkhas, who were a dominant force in the region. The Gorkhas, led by the powerful kingdom of Nepal, posed a significant threat to British interests in India. By supporting the Limbus, the British aimed to create a buffer zone between their territories and the Gorkhas, thereby reducing the risk of conflict. However, this move had unintended consequences that ultimately led to the downfall of Sikkim.
The Limbus, who were initially loyal to the British, soon became embroiled in the politics of Sikkim. They formed alliances with the British and the Gorkhas, convincing themselves that they were fighting for their own interests. However, this allegiance came at a significant cost. The Limbus played a crucial role in erasing the history of the indigenous cultures of Sikkim, including the Lepchas and Bhutias, who were the traditional rulers of the kingdom. This erasure of history has had lasting impacts on the region, with many of the historical sites and inscriptions of these cultures being lost or forgotten.
Furthermore, the Limbus' involvement in Sikkim's politics led to the displacement of the traditional rulers and the erosion of the kingdom's sovereignty. The Limbus, who were seen as more pliable and loyal to the British, gradually took over key administrative positions, displacing the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a loss of power and influence for the traditional rulers, ultimately weakening the kingdom's ability to resist British encroachment.
The British, sensing the weakening of Sikkim's sovereignty, began to exert greater pressure on the kingdom. They used the Limbus as a tool to further their own interests, often manipulating them to do their bidding. This led to a series of treaties and agreements that gradually eroded Sikkim's autonomy, ultimately culminating in the annexation of the kingdom by the British in 1975.
In addition, the large-scale introduction of Limbus into Darjeeling also led to significant demographic changes in the region. The Limbus, who were predominantly agriculturalists, brought with them new farming practices and technologies that displaced the traditional farming methods of the Lepchas and Bhutias. This led to a significant shift in the region's economy, with the Limbus becoming the dominant agricultural force. The traditional rulers, who were once the primary agriculturalists, were gradually marginalized and lost their economic influence.
@@user-tg5ut6ic8l
Even up Arun to west Sikkim part of Sikkim was part of limbuwan until 1642 A.D .only limbu and lepcha been living in Sikkim region..lepcha in east and north and limbu in south and west Sikkim and bhutia arrive later in 16 century.so how you can say limbu been migrated there..? Limbu and lepcha been there before anyone else..
create you own story by using different fake accountsand be happy 😂😂..
What are the credible source??
Hawa kura garxas budo j Pai tai Purbi Limbuwan ma kirat ko kunai sasan thiyena ra yo kirat vasa vaneko chai k ho ni ??
Don’t include us with this newaris sala ghopte kapti haru
4th AD tira Hiueng seng Chinese Traveler India travel ma auda Kathmandu ma Sano pokhari tiyo Jas ma kamal ko flower haru huntyo bhanera bayan dekhincha ni ..
Naag bamsi manis haru ko Rajya tiyo ra pachi Kirat le kabja gareko ho bhaniyeko cha…
Hindu haru ko Gopal ra mahispal ko kunai lekhit chaina..
yesko matlab Tyo Gopal bamsawali pachi Bahun haru le Afno manogadante Soch le milayera lekhi diyeko ho bhanne bujincha.. İndia ko Gopal ( Ahir) bamsawali sang pani Mel khadaina…
Ani Mahabharata ko ladaai Lai maanney ki namaanney tah tyaa padhnu ni raamro sanga kirati ko raajya kaa samma thiyo tah? Ki Mahabharata maandainau vaney arkai kura ho
tero chahi kei chaina history. Bhutia ko baru cha. Tero sab maukhik bhanekai managhadantey
Gopal ra Mahispal ko bangsaz pani Kathmandu mai Chan Sapu ra Mepu bhanera chinchau hami.
@@user-kk5kh1mi8s Mahabharat granta ko history tha cha ki chaina ?? Tyo ek Maha Sahitya matra ho Not Real..
what u think Mahabharata was real ???
Arjun ne 1 tirr Mara aur 5 hajar lok dherrr hocaya …😁🤣🤣
Karn ne ek tirr Mara aur 5 hajar tirrr bangaya … 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@pratikking2272 Dukhi atma lai katro Tanab..
Afno chaina bhandai ma aru aru lai Nich Soch tini ????
Faking the Kirat Identity
A Closer Look at Historical Manipulations
In recent years, the narrative surrounding the Kirat identity has come under intense scrutiny. Traditionally celebrated as a unifying force among the ethnic groups of Eastern Nepal, the Kirat identity-chiefly associated with the Limbus and Rais-has been revealed to be a historical fabrication. This manipulation was not only a bid for political power but also a campaign of ethnic antagonism against the indigenous Lepcha and Bhutia communities.
The Roots of the Kirat Identity
The term "Kirat" has been strategically adopted by certain groups to forge a collective identity. However, a detailed examination of historical and linguistic evidence challenges this constructed narrative. Before the intervention of scholars like Iman Singh Chemjong, the Limbus, Rais, and Yakkhas did not identify collectively as Kirats. The term was first popularized by Rana Bahadur Shah and later adopted by Prithvi Narayan Shah, who referred to the Limbus as descendants of Yehang, not Kirats. This indicates that the Kirat identity was a political construct, lacking genuine historical roots.
Lack of Archaeological Evidence
One of the most compelling arguments against the Kirat identity of the Limbus and Rais is the absence of archaeological evidence. Historical narratives promoted by the Kirat movement claim that these groups are ancient inhabitants of Eastern Nepal. However, unlike the well-documented presence of the Sen Thakuri dynasty and the Bhutia Chogyals-evidenced by numerous forts, palaces, and inscriptions such as those at Makawanpur Gadi, Udayapur Forts, and Bijaypur Durbar-there are no corresponding sites that can be attributed to Limbu or Rai rule.
No inscriptions, palaces, or forts bear witness to a long-term Limbu or Rai presence or governance in Eastern Nepal. This stark absence of material evidence contrasts with the rich archaeological heritage left by other ruling dynasties, underscoring the fabricated nature of the Kirat identity claims.
Genetic and Migration Evidence
Genetic studies have further debunked the Kirat narrative. Research indicates that the Limbus and Rais possess a high proportion of Mongolian DNA, distinguishing them from other Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups in South Asia. This genetic evidence suggests that these communities migrated from the Sichuan province in China to northern Tibet during the Mongol conquests and later settled in Eastern Nepal in the 17th century. This migration narrative contradicts the Kirat movement's assertion of an ancient and indigenous lineage in Eastern Nepal.
Political Manipulation and Ethnic Tensions
The Kirat identity was not merely a historical inaccuracy; it was a tool for political manipulation. Iman Singh Chemjong's efforts to foster a unified Kirat identity were driven by a desire to incite resistance and revolt against the Bhutia-dominated Kingdom of Sikkim. This movement was rooted in ethnic animosity and aimed at undermining the Bhutia community's historical and political significance in the region.
The rebranding of the Yakthung Mundhum to Kirat Mundhum was a deliberate attempt to erase the Bhutia community's contributions and presence. By promoting a false narrative of historical dominance, the Kirat movement sought to marginalize the Bhutias and assert an unsubstantiated claim to the region's heritage.
The Impact on Lepcha and Bhutia Communities
The Kirat movement’s divisive tactics extended beyond historical revisionism. By positioning the Limbus and Rais as the rightful heirs of the region, the movement marginalized the Lepcha and Bhutia communities, undermining their historical significance and contributions. This sowed seeds of discord and ethnic tension, fracturing what was once a more cohesive cultural tapestry in Eastern Nepal.