Why do you age slower closer to a black hole? (An intuitive approach)
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- Опубликовано: 25 апр 2024
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Why do you age slower closer to a black hole? How doesn Einstein's theory of relativity intuitively explain gravitational time dilation?
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Red Dwarf has an episode where they had to communicate during time dilation, I just can't recall which series it was. Maybe it was an audio book come to think of it? 🤔
Hello mahesh sir, nice explanation. Does time dilate more inside the earth compared to that on the surface?
Can you please make a video on polarization of light.
* Ek X Banda h voh earth se 9000 light years dur h ...
* Uske waha gravity Kam h
* Humaare yaha zaada
* Humare yaha usko 9000 saal baad dekhenge toh woh ...
* 6-7 hr jeeke ...
* Par uski aging fast hogi ....
* kya yeh theory sahi h ?
@@Happybro91 Earth sucks space, like a vacuum cleaner sucks air. And since sucking is omni-directional, the space speed (relative to Earth surface) is greater near Earth than the speed at high attitude. As a result, a body near the Earth and another body at high attidue moves with different speed through the sucking space. So, according to special relativity, time ticks differently for them.
If you'll take a flat infinite surface with uniform gravitational field, there will be no difference in grativy at different attitudes. So, there will be no difference in time flow. In other words, time flows differently at different attitudes because Earth is round.
Never stop making videos even if u get less views,some channels r really good and this is one of it
Fewer views...
Fun fact: Watching this video on Miller's planet would cost you ~2.2 Earth years.
What?? 1 hour on Millers planet was 7 years… this video is 19:17 minutes long.
@@warhead213 60 minutes = 3600 seconds = 7 years on Miller's planet
7 years = 220752000 seconds
This video is 19 min 17 sec = 1157 seconds
So we can do simple math;
1157 / 3500 * 220752000 = 70947240
70947240 seconds = 2.25 years
10:02 "That's what I am talking about!"
I can't stop smiling. Your explanations are always to the point and easily understable, but these subtle comments, they are in the next level!!
5:35 my brother, I love watching these type of videos, although I may not understand 90% of it.
Let me just say it 5:30 mark, the way you broke down the apple falling towards the ground versus the ground, moving in the path of where the Apple was going just blew my mind.
I never make comments on pages, but I’m taking time to tell you, bravo. I’ll be following your page for a long time!
This is by far one of the best Physiscs explantion channel that I have ever seen...
What? This video is horrible! You must be a fan. A fan of pseudoscience! Put down the pseudoscience and study astronomy. Read more nonfiction. Dictionary. Encyclopedia.
How do you explain everything in one sitting? I haven't noticed any cuts, it's just you talking straight for 20 minutes without missing any points and with accurate emotions and energy. How is it even possible? You are a great teacher. Keep doing what you do. I cannot thank you enough. Your love for physics is unmatched. And ahhh I can finally watch Interstellar and actually understand a few things!
Listen to me, you sir are the best RUclipsr, period. Please never stop making videos
being on earth makes you age "slower" too. no matter how 'slow' it gets you will always experience a normal flow of time from your perspective. like the water planet in the movie interstellar. they experienced a normal flow of time from their perspective.
I am more confused than before watching this video
For the individual the perception of time will always the same but for the observer the time changes based on time dilation caused by moving at extreme speeds or extreme gravity
So the key To eternal life is moving fast 😄
@@genghiskhan9200Or maybe don't get a nosebleed...that's what finished Genghis apparently 😁
Love your vids that breakdown complicated topics into easily understandable chunks!
That’s sad because if you understood this video, the only thing you understood was his imagination. Put down the pseudoscience and study astronomy for yourself. This guy is a clown! this RUclips video is promoting misinformation. read more nonfiction. Dictionary. Encyclopedia. put down the pseudoscience and study linguistics. silly Human!
The concept of these physics are quite profound. Without time, motion becomes impossible. This also means that motion and speed are affected by gravity in crazy and unexpected ways. Simply being in strong gravitational field does indeed affect aging. So when we “measure” the age of our universe which is expanding, was a year really a year when the universe was more dense? It certainly seems that 1 year very soon after the Big Bang could have actually been thousands or even millions of years relative to a year that we perceive now due to the gravitational affect of so much matter being in a smaller volume of a more compact universe.
Every. Single. Video. I am BLOWN AWAY
Blown away by his imagination? Other than that, you need to read more nonfiction. Dictionary. Encyclopedia. Put down the pseudoscience and study astronomy. This guy is a clown!
@@JusticeLeGrand10101 there’s no way your aren’t trolling 😭
This is amazing intuition into a very hard problem. Great job
I think Einstein would be proud of you.
This is the type of channel that should have 50 million subscribers. Don't stop what you're doing. You're one of the best at it. I've watched more videos on these subjects than I can count, but after watching only a few of yours, it all makes so much more sense. Not only that, I was able to easily connect other videos you made to related topics and they all come together in my mind seamlessly.
It reminds me how my highschool chemistry teacher couldn't teach me something in a year that a college professor described in one sentence and I still remember it over twenty years later.
I also want to add, the best part of your presentations is you ask out loud exactly what most of us are thinking in that moment and makes it seem as we are there with you.
Brilliant video - love the channel and your passion for physics!
Thank you Mahesh, for showing me the connection between the cycloid (a rolling, rotating circle) and gravity in General Relativity I was looking for for 4 years. And it turns out to come from the master himself, Einstein! I love it ❤
I can't get enough of the intuitive explanations. The model is inverted in respect to the observer to simulate gravity so the direction of the simulated gravity is also inverted in respect to the observer. I almost got hung up on the difference between the planet or black whole from the ring model and which way the arrows point.
Loved using your relativity series to expand my knowledge and then finally intuitively demonstrate the concept of gravity being a fictional force to my friends. I made the flat spacetime graph, made the cone graph, and a figure to show Einstein's clock in like 15 minutes in a late night discord call. Started with Galileo's transformations on a train to introduce relative velocities, then used a thought experiment about what happens when Galileo lets go of the ball from the leaning tower of Pisa in terms of Newtons first and second laws of motion first from Newton's classical perspective where the ball begins to accelerate due to an applied force, and Einstein's where the ball remains at rest. Using your graphs, I showed how the equivalency principle shows us Einstein's alternative explaination for our observations. It was incredibly fun for everyone and I thank you for your efforts.
For the sake of time (pun intended) and my own limited intuition I asked them to accept time dilation and that we observe it now in many ways but I suppose ill be threading in an imaginary space station next time.
Its still hard for me to take a leap in this demonstration from objects accelerating toward eachother with zero relative motion to the idea they could accelerate away from eachother without relative motion. Luckily, I live in an area with gravity so I'm confident it happens 😂
Your whole comment was based on imagination just like this video. Science rebukes imagination. Science is humans observing nature. Time, light and sound works simultaneously as nature. for example, we experience time through our star, the sun. we are our star. your imagination like this video is irrelevant. silly pseudoscientists! put down the pseudoscience and study astronomy. read more nonfiction. Dictionary. Encyclopedia. put down the pseudoscience and study linguistics.
Amazing content as always!
I’ve heard other explanations about this stuff…but yours seems the best..thank you!!
Mahesh you're simply one of my favorite youtuber! found you just this year but totally in awe.
Best advice you provided us at the end of the video. I will definitely try it. And I love this video so much. Now I feel satisfied to know this concept 😊
This is the second video I've watched on this channel.
Both times I feel absolutely certain that I now understand this stuff, right up to the point that the video ends.
As soon as the video ends I go straight back to not understanding it at all.
Love how passionate and engaging you are! Your visuals and explanations helped me understand this at a deeper level so thanks🤙
he is a gem to the world we need to protect it!!!💖💖
Thank you. You are an amazing teacher.
Thank you so much for this. I just watched it with my 10 year old and she now has a much better grasp of gravity and time. I do now as well. ❤
Just discovered the channel and while I was watching the previous black hile video, a new one came out. What a coincidence?
so time seems to move faster when watching these videos?? 😂
Just don't stop to keep building up the intuition videos
And I'll ask to even make videos about some other physics topics like i am very in statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics
Although I am enjoying the series 😊
A video on this topic was really needed...
thankyou very much sir ❤
Mind blowing animation sir
This was a really nice video. Easy to understand, taking us through a series of logical steps. Good analogies.
Thank you. Terrific video. I've been saying for some time that spacetime curvature is, in fact simply time dilation. When light travels through space it is always travelling in a straight line from its own point of view and what makes it lens and bend to an observer is in fact time dilation, to keep the velocity of light constant and dilate time to another frame it also passes you effectively curve the distance between them. It's an illusion, spacetime curvature is just a topography of time dilated frames of reference.
But this revision of Einstein's explanation using relativistic acceleration explains it much better than I do. Time dilated frames of acceleration reference as topographical gravitation is the term I'll use from now on.
I would love a video about time dilation and quantum entanglement. Maybe that's just a special case of the relativity of simultaneity, which you've already covered. Anyway, I'd love to see one of your incredibly explanations on that topic! And just in case I do actually have your attention, I'll take the opportunity to say thanks for all the great videos. I agree with all the innumerable praises I've read in the comments section on all of your videos. Keep up the great work, whatever topics you choose to pursue!
These are so interesting and fun thank you!
Thanks for the video! You're videos are so helpful on trying to understand the universe.
omg!! the best explanation ever!!
Your channel is the best man. Thanks for the vid
I love your videos, thanks for the explanations!!
Duse, you have such a fresh way of explaining things! I've watched hundreds of science videos, and so many of them repeat the same words as each other, but I'm always thrilled to find a fresh perspective~
We need more videos like this and less mindless nonsense on this platform. Good on you sir.
Well explained 👍
Great video as always!
Thanks, waiting for your video :)
Mahesh Sir, I'm a big fan of yours. I have 2 physics questions.
1. A piece of ice is floating in a glass full of water. After the ice melts, will the height of the water increase or be equal?
2. Suppose I'm carrying a large stone in a small boat in a swimming pool. If I throw the stone in the pool, will the height increase or be the same as before?
By the way, I learned the Archimedes law from your video in Khan Academy. Absolutely amazing!
you're a great teacher Mahesh!
One of the best explanations of special relativity
Didn’t realize the Feynman technique was called that! Whenever I learn something or am doing homework, I try to pretend like I'm the teacher explaining the homework problem to students and it helps me learn a lot more.
So yeah, that technique is applicable not just for youtube videos. Try it out if you're struggling in a class
Please don’t stop making videos, You cure depression.
Best science explainer on RUclips!
You are now my favorite human. Brilliant explanation. Great video.
In my opinion this explanation is an elusion as usual. It is true that both speed and gravity slows down time keeping but as it has never been explained how a big mass bends space time more than a small mass without having some kind of influence (force) from the mass I can't see why we might not as well use the old explanation.
If you have an oscillating (like a pendulum) electro magnetic signal in any cell, atom or even the smallest particle then if it moves it will take longer for the signal to go from one side to the other and back for the oscillation. This will slow down time keeping. The faster the slower but it is not linear.
It is there fore no big deal that if gravity influences light (as I believe has been found although I am still skeptical)) and light is an electro magnetic emission then time should be measured slower in a strong gravitational field.
Mahesh is very smooth and fast in his explanations just like a magician. One must take it very slowly, stop often to think about it and then verify and I must admit it is difficult. Albert Einstein must have been the same as many of his explanations supposedly where not even his own.
Watched this a second time as you explained this better than most creators do…so…I wanted to remember it💪
I am happy that sir is getting what he deserves ( views)
I freaking love you, brother! You are giving me such amazing analogues for complicated concepts which I would have never thought possible to grasp so intuitively! The love and light of the Creator shines so brightly through you! You have my love, respect, and gratitude ;)
The way I imagine it: the center of the circle is the black hole or point or intense gravity, and any circle you draw around the center is a timeline. So, to draw a complete circle, even though it may seem like line physical lines take the same amount of time to be drawn, the "length" of time (the circle) is longer.
I've had a question I'm hoping you'll address about approaching the speed of light or the event horizon of a black hole. The science communicator channels all seem to agree that when your ship exceeds the speed of light you disappear but they don't ever mention red shifting during the process. It seems to me that it wouldn't be an instantaneous switch from visible to gone, and that after the boundary is reached(supposing it were possible) you would red shift into invisibility as your ship accelerated further. From the point of view of the the ship going into the black hole it would look like the rest of the universe was moving on and aging more and more quickly, I think, and an outside observer would see time slow down and stop for the ship then it would appear to fade into infrared until it became undetectable. What are your thoughts?
Edited for clarity*
The first part is unclear, specifically, what you're talking about when referencing matter moving at or faster than the speed of light.
A ship approaches the horizon, the distant observer will observe the luminosity and frequency to sharply decrease and the ship vanishes.
Yeah, the red-shift happens exactly in proportion to the time dilation _because they are exactly the same thing_ A lot of pop-sci entertainment explanations of relativity are bad because their sources are other pop-sci explanations, and it's a big game of telephone and no one ever bothers to actually read a physics textbook.
@juliavixen176 thanks for the input! It helped me feel like I wasn’t crazy.
Today itself I was watching interstellar... And now this!!!!
It wasn't possible
But it was necessary!
Beautifully explained
Hey Mahesh - today I understood how the ground accelerates to meet the apple! Wow man! Check point 4:20
The model using centrifugal force to describe gravity is very clever, but this model only holds true when the person holding the apple is already standing on the ground and all three body have been combined into one object beforehand, It does not explain the formation of the system. The video you described space-time curvature is what really blew my mind. Even now, I still feel it’s beyond my comprehension.
Subscribed bro! Amazing channel 👏
Hey thanks for this awesome content. Can you make a video about Orbitals and related stuff. I really want to have an intuitive understanding about orbitals.
Sir please make a video on the formation of real and inverted images like how they formed on screen, what is screen, how they are inverted etc etc
I find that the rotating spaceship model is very helpful with the occupants undergoing different amounts of angular acceleration so they each experience an accelerating frame of reference. Einstein says that you cannot distinguish between acceleration due to gravity from any other accelerating frame of reference that was his insight and it took until 1919 to show he was right
When you said that it's indistinguishable between acceleration of gravity and acceleration of any other type. Actually this holds true for only point masses. Because if you take a solid object, or even a planar object, the gravitational gradient would vary at different points of spatial coordinates of that object if it were not to be zero-dimensional. So hence that statement is not completely correct. Indeed, a person standing on Earth experiencing the g-force of 9.8 at his feet would weigh slightly less compared to a person who's accelerating at 9.8 meters per second inside a spaceship through deep space without any other forces acting on him. And it's again different compared to if a person is standing on the surface facing inwards inside a centrifuge that is rotating.
@@shrivatsa8604 Fair enough
No, there is no angular acceleration shown - it's radial acceleration.
@@shrivatsa8604 No, that's not right. The person standing in the spaceship will have less acceleration at their head than at their feet. A person with the same acceleration at their head and feet would get ripped apart.
I dont usually comment, but thats incredibly helpful!!!! Mahesh cheers from Brazil!
Loving every video of yours... ❤❤❤
Your videos are amazing keep it up please
Damn! Even though I knew that time is relative, subconciously I still believed in the newtonian model of Gravity and time. Your approach broke my entire concept of time and you won't believe how happy I am right now! Thank you for shattering my concepts and bringing me into the new realm of relative time.
@Mahesh_Shenoy I have a doubt in your video of train paradox, consider a situation where there is another door/ sensor, before the mid point of tunnel. Then from the train's perspective, the order of doors closing/ sensors receiving messages will be right to left. Now if you look at the same scene with a stationary perspective, you will see that the new door/sensor closes first then the left and right door closes simultaneously.
Now let us take the doors/sensors as events 1,2,3 from right to left respectively. Therefore, the order from the train's perspective is 1-> 2-> 3. But from the stationary perspective the order will be 2-> 1=3. So my doubt is that how could the order of events change. Also if there was another train moving opposite to the motion of this train it would see the order of events as 3-> 2-> 1 ( reversed ).
"The speed of light is the same in all reference frames, that is why [we have the time dilation effect we call gravity]. Do you now have a better understanding [...]?"
No. Like you said, it's like explaining why an apple is red by saying it's a red apple. How does mass cause the path to extend?
Very Good intuition. As far as I know centripetal acceleration is another effect different and independent from space-time curvature. In fact we experience both phenomena here on Earth surface and each contribute (oppositely) to the ''gravity pull'' we feel. Nevertheless, the ''time dilation''' effects adds up. When you explain the different time dilation for different observers on a rotating space station from a ''special relativity frame'', for an outside observer, I thought that for relative time dilation to ''occur'' (and length contraction), the motion has to be in the direction of the observer, not sideways. I may be wrong tough
Here’s another way to think of how a planets mass affects space time.
Imagine you your are adrift in the ocean. As you’re adrift you approach several underwater mountains. The first ones peak isn’t too close to the surface and you don’t even notice it’s there. Each underwater mountain you approach has a peak closer to the surface and you notice accelerated flow over them, and the effect diminishes as you get away from them. Then you approach an island and the waves are ripping violently until you hit the surface. You find that no matter which direction you go, the flow of the water feels to keep moving you back in (not the island itself)
Nonsense! The first thing you said wrong is space time. Space time is a oxymoron. You obviously picked up from listening to pseudo scientist. Let us help your poor indoctrinated brain. There is no need to imagine. Time is the fabric of the universe. Time equals energy and energy equals mass times the speed of light squared; no space. Space is Science Fiction based on human imagination. Time is the reason for reality. Time is the reason for existence. for example, we experience time through our star, the sun. we are our star. there is no need to imagine. however, read more nonfiction. Dictionary. Encyclopedia. put down the pseudoscience and study astronomy. put down the pseudoscience and study linguistics. silly Human!
Saying that „clocks are ticking slower“ makes it soo much harder for laypeople to get it: it’s like saying „the left eyebrow is growing slower“. Everything is happening slower. Causality is slower. Human brains are slower, movements, radioactivity decay, gravitational waves are slower. Not just clocks. Good video though
A very intuitive explanation. I wait for your videos. I have an opinion and need your input if I am somewhat wrong or all out wrong.
Let's consider a graph of "speed" in a spacetime coordinate system with space in the x-axis and time in the y-axis. Does everything move at a constant speed c (speed of light) in a certain direction? If speed in space (x-axis) is close to 'c' then the time component (y-axis) will be much less. Vice-a-versa if speed in space (x-axis) is 0 then the time component (y-axis) will be maximum?
Yes.
finally I understood the relation between "gravety" and time delation
Awesome video enjoyed every bit of it :)
I wish I could explain this to someone as well as you do
I'm looking forward to your next video and to Interstellar 2.
Wow sir,🙏👏 in our Vedic Puranas, there is mention of time dilation. 1 second in brahmaloka is equal to millions of years on earth.
now you are a pro ambassador to Einstien sir Mahesh 😃
I've stumbled across one gap in the explanation that bugs me. In the spaceship, what really caused the time dilation isn't acceleration as such, it's speed. So to understand why gravity “causes” time dilation, we have to show that massive bodies somehow make everything nearby “move” faster. You've hinted at a solution out by showing that motion is a way to combine acceleration with constant distances, but it would be great if there were a way to demonstrate it more directly.
"..isn't acceleration as such, it's speed". That's from the inertial perspective. From the perspective of the people inside the ship, they will attribute it to the centrifugal force.
You can imagin it like space itself is flowing inward towards the center, like water into a sink hole. When you are not resisting the flow you are under a free fall. And you are moving with your local spacetime but when you are on a surface standing, then you feel the force down at your feet , here you are resisting the flow of space hence you are moving through space , also the faster you move through your spacial dimension the slower you move through the time dimension.
Wow I came here to write _exactly this_.
Wait, are you me?
@@shrivatsa8604
this is a much more intuitive rationale than perpetuating the absurdity that all mass is under constant acceleration outward.
@@youngguns2121 👍🏻
So Mahesh, when spinning in your ring, the speed varies the farther out you are, but the speed is constant at the point of measurement yes? So you could argue an inertial frame of reference, unless you consider the angular momentum as an acceleration..
Speed is not changing, but the velocity is.
In previous video u said that nothing cannot enter black hole in external absorbers frame the according to an external absorber black hole dose not even exist first blace because nothing as entered the black hole is it sir?? please replay me thank u for the time
Mahesh, ignore all the haters, everyone with a brain are unanimous: brilliant insightful videos - keep going please!! 🙏 😊
He is not lying 😄 if you look at the accelerometer app on your phone while you hold it stil one direction is showing acceleration.
Your visual representation is wrong. The two land surface should be outward and the force that pull in is centripetal
*PLEASE ANSWER THIS QUESTION*
If nothing can escape a blackhole so that means even information cant right??
If yes, then if there is a particle inside the event horizon of a black hole and the particle is entagled with another particle outside of a blackhole it wont able to interact or pass information to it EVEN IF WE DETECTED IT! SO DOES QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT FAIL HERE or am i wrong?
Regarding the Model Discussed around 15:55, what would have happened if the gravitational force near the centre were more significant? In a case where there's a disc kept at a certain distance from a sphere horizontally, the centre of the disc is aligned with the centre of the sphere. In this case, even though an observer at the centre would see that the observer near the edge has a clock ticking at a slower rate, how can we possibly explain the slowing down of his clock due to gravity as compared to the slowing down of the clock of the observer near the edge, as the clock at the centre should tick slower than the clock near edge due to high gravitational field?
bro i looooooooooveeeeeeeeeeeee your videos. they are soo awesome and on top of that they teach me sooo much. i hope you heart my comment😁
I have a doubt... I don't know whether sir answered it or not anyways I can't find it or understand it(Also, my english isn't that good)....
My question is that, space curvature is a visual way to represent objects slowing down due to gravitational time dialation right?..... If so then the curvature i.e, used as a way to visually represent the slowing down of objects, how does that bend the path of light ....
According to sir's previous videos it is clear that due to time curvature and surface of a planet accelerating up path of light can be bend near a planet due to "time curvature" but what about space curvature.... How does it bend the path of light?.... That is my question sir😊.....
If I just listened to your voice for 1 hour…
It felt like 100,00,00 hours
Love you bro from coorg
I have seen it explained like this as well. If we accept that time slows down closer to large masses, then gravity becomes like motion in a river. In a river, sometimes one side is flowing faster than the other. If you place a boat on the river, the faster flowing side puts more force on the boat, causing it to turn and move towards the slower side. So, if time flows faster out in space than it does on the surface of a planet, then we are all just being pushed towards the surface by the differential flow of time
Your idea won't work in detail anywhere and not work at all where gravity is strong.
@@kylelochlann5053first of all, not my idea. Second, it’s not meant to be a detailed mathematical explanation. It’s meant to help people intuitively understand the concept. And it does that.
@@spaz1002 Except that it doesn't work and doesn't make sense in the context of relativity.
@@kylelochlann5053 except it does work. You just don’t understand it. Feel free to move on now. I don’t really care to see your comments anymore.
@@spaz1002 So in your pet theory you believe point particles are unaffected by gravity?
I've still never fully got it. I understand that it slows time down, dang near to stopping it in a black hole, but I always can't help but think from an outside perspective. If I am watching a person near a black hole, and one way out in space, they should both age 24 hours on my clock if I watch them for 24 hours right? Just never understood how one covering more distance affected time. Time is only particles moving position, even objects setting dead still have subatomic and atomic particles, cells, etc. moving all over. So does heavy gravity just slow ALL particle movements?
I got this book tooo❤
If you put two right hand rules together, you get wasted energy. Like the shoot the right hand rule down a cylinder, the field slides loosely around the cylinder in maxwell's. But what if you had much much more than maxwell's? You'd have completed energy loss b6 field rotations, you would have a tidal wave capacitor. Or a perfectly smooth capacitor, just like a neutrino or a Higgs field, a trans-nuclear plank maxwell.
I can conclude that I'm a simpleton. I understood the language it was spoken in. Just no words
Brilliant!
You are doing great job! This channel is the greatest youtube discovery for me this year! But I have one problem after watching this episode and the episode in which you explained gravity according to Einstein's theory. Time dilation is causing the Earth to accelerate towards us. And here you said that acceleration is the cause why time dilates. So I don't really understand, which one is the reason of the second one and which one is the effect.
In that video, I explain why time dilation allows earth to maintain its shape even!