The best way to hide in the deep sea: Ultra-black camouflage
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- Опубликовано: 31 май 2024
- Deep-sea animals have a variety of remarkable adaptations to help them hide in the midnight zone. But the fascinating fishes featured in this video have the best strategy to hide from predators and prey in this dark expanse: skin shades among the blackest of blacks known. While there is no sunlight deep in the ocean, more than 75 percent of deep-sea life can produce light, a process called bioluminescence. When a single photon can blow your cover, ultra-black camouflage keeps these fishes hidden in the wide open darkness and also enables them to sneak up on unsuspecting shrimp or fish for a tasty meal.
Ultra-black fishes have unique structures in their skin that very efficiently trap and absorb light. Melanin-the same pigment found in human skin-is densely packed into super thin layers on the outermost surface of their skin. While most light photons are immediately absorbed, the specific shape, size, and configuration of these melanin layers scatters any missed photons into neighboring skin cells, where they are subsequently absorbed. Ultimately, ultra-black skin absorbs 99.5 percent (or more) of the visible light with virtually none reflected.
The very blackest fishes known in the deep sea are the dreamer anglerfishes (Oneirodes sp.). Anglerfishes have a bioluminescent lure they use to attract a snack. Their ultra-black skin absorbs the bioluminescent glow so as not to reveal the giant mouth just beyond the lure. This incredible skin adaptation has evolved in many other fish species as well.
Dive into the deep with MBARI’s Animals of the Deep gallery: mbari.co/AnimalsOfTheDeep
Video producer/editor: Kyra Schlining
Science advisor: Karen Osborn
Video production team: Nancy Jacobsen Stout, Susan von Thun
Music: Ultrablack by Catechism (cccatechism.bandcamp.com/)
Featured in this video (named in order of appearance, plus depth and location information):
0:00 Black dragonfish (Idiacanthus sp.) | 527 meters (1,729 feet) | Greater Monterey Bay area
0:07 Barreleye ( Macropinna microstoma) | 582 meters (1,909 feet) | Davidson Seamount
0:15 Shiny loosejaw (Aristostomias scintillans) | 497 meters (1,631 feet) | Monterey Canyon
0:23 Fangtooth (Anoplogaster cornuta) | 796 meters (2,612 feet) | Monterey Canyon
0:32 Smooth dreamer anglerfish (Chaenophryne sp.) | 632 meters (2,073 feet) | Monterey Canyon
0:38 Black dragonfish (Idiacanthus sp.) | 527 meters (1,729 feet) | Greater Monterey Bay area
0:50 Longfin dragonfish (Tactostoma macropus) | 549 meters (1,801 feet) | Monterey Canyon
0:56 Dreamer anglerfish (Oneirodes sp.) | 633 meters (2,077 feet) | Monterey Canyon
1:03 Pacific flatnose (Antimora microlepis) | 1,528 meters (5,013 feet) | Monterey Canyon
1:11 Rattail (Coryphaenoides sp.) | 1,831 meters (6,007 feet) | Monterey Canyon
1:21 California slickhead (Alepocephalus tenebrosus) | 2,322 meters (7,618 feet) | Davidson Seamount
1:30 Pacific flatnose (Antimora microlepis) | 1,606 meters (5,269 feet) | Astoria Canyon, off Oregon
1:42 Slickhead (Alepocephalus sp.) | 903 meters (2,963 feet) | Catalina Island
1:48 Threadfin slickhead (Talismania bifurcata) | 1,031 meters (3,383 feet) | Monterey Canyon
1:58 Barreleye (Macropinna microstoma) | 636 meters (2,087 feet) | Monterey Canyon
2:11 Smooth dreamer anglerfish (Chaenophryne sp.) | 632 meters (2,073 feet) | Monterey Canyon
2:19 Longfin dragonfish (Tactostoma macropus) | 439 meters (1,440 feet) | Monterey Canyon
2:25 Dreamer anglerfish (Oneirodes sp.) | 633 meters (2,077 feet) | Monterey Canyon
2:30 Shiny loosejaw (Aristostomias scintillans) | 497 meters (1,631 feet) | Monterey Canyon
2:41 Fangtooth (Anoplogaster cornuta) | 1,713 meters (5,620 feet) | Monterey Canyon
2:54 Black dragonfish (Idiacanthus sp.) | 440 meters (1,444 feet) | Monterey Canyon
References:
Davis, A.L., K.N. Thomas, F.E. Goetz, B.H. Robison, S. Johnsen, and K.J. Osborn. 2020. Ultra-black camouflage in deep-sea fishes. Current Biology, 30: 3470-3476. doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.06... 
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We are so lucky to be able to see these underwater wonders in such beautiful frames!
Man I wish I was involved with deep sea exploration in some way. Love, love, love it 😊
That we have the technology and ability to watch these fish swim around is mind blowing. Super excited to see what other deep sea oddities exist that we just haven't seen yet! The adaptations they have are just so varied and sometimes truly bizarre
Seeing these fish alive in their natural environment in live footage has been a dream come true 🥰😍
The ecosystem below the sea is simply beautiful, mysterious and wonderful. And it's been going on like this for many many years.
Thank you so much for the chapter markers! The black dragonfish and shiny loosejaw are beautiful
This is the best footage of deep-sea fish i have ever seen.
Had to laugh at the end with the dragonfish's tail working like crazy back there.
I just want to say thank you to the person/people who took the time to make this, and in fact all of these videos at MBARI.
The music is just the cherry on the cake! ❤
the barreleye continues to just... be the weirdest.
how did they evolve?? so many questions.
Those are some crazy looking creatures. The transparent head fish was wild! Just absolutely incredible.
Absolutely Mesmerizing ❤️ an Fascinating creatures! Thanks for Sharing such Epic sights with us! Look forward to seeing an Learning more.
Absolutely Fascinating ! Thank you for the Great work you're doing! 💯❌💯
The black seadragon 😍 just got a tattoo of one!
so amazing. thank you for this..!
Thank you so much❤
By viewing this video you confirm that you are not anish kapoor, you are in no way affiliated with anish kapoor, and you are not commenting on behalf of anish kapoor or an associate of anish kapoor.
vantablack
aliens at home:
Wonderful, thank you
Amazing! Thank you for sharing! I was privileged to visit the aquarium this summer and enjoyed it very much! The jellyfish were my favorite!
chaenophryne looks so cute
until she opens her mouth, an you realise her pot belly is another fish the same size as her and swallowed whole...
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Love your videos!!! And if I comment or not I always give them a thumbs up!!!!!!!
Deep Sea is so cool in every way.
If only it was easy for the average Joe to go down there and experience the magnificent beauty of the underworld.
Fascinating!
Some crazy looking life in our waters. What is all the detritus? Great video! Fascinating stuff!!!
Marine snow, dead plankton and feces mostly, the deep sea relies on it
Fantastic and fascinating but (fangs) to MBARI not forgotten.
God bless y'all connected in doing great works for the greater good of our world.
So cool, turns out I like my fish how I like my cars...
Matt Black 🖤
Cuddly little critters!
Black dragonfish actually seems like the basis for all the dragon lores out there
Well I replayed the vid just to rewatch whatever I missed while typing this comment instantly😅
nah , nonsense , they probably name it from the dragon itself
@@sdqsdq6274 whatever the way it might be..🙄
Amazing
1:47 Wild how it is using a silt pattern over its body to blend it with the background.
amazing
Majestic
Stunning
Some shots are clearly under your lights but some have 'twilight' behind it seems to me. Do some migrate up and down the water column enough the DARK black matters more in the midzones?
Some of these fish do migrate up towards the surface at night, but in this video, the lighting changes are due to a variety of light conditions (on the ROV) over many dives. You'll see in the description, we include the depth and location for each observation. The shallowest fish in this video is just over 400 meters, well below the depth where surface light is almost completely absent. Sunlight may reach as far as 1,000 meters deep in certain conditions, but there is rarely any significant light below 200 meters.
We spend so much money on Space Exploration. So much is unknown in our waters. We should do better with keeping the oceans and freshwater as clean we can. We also need to STOP the overfishing all over the world.
Music is 🔥🔥🔥
So cute!
0:45 there's no reason for homeboy to be this phallic
ultra black with running lights ... wow
Are any of the fangtooth and barreleye fish actually ultra-black though?
All of the fishes featured in this video have varying shades of black to hide from predators and prey. The most ultra-black fish is the Dreamer anglerfish (Oneirodes sp.) at 0:56
But how do they get their vitamin D then?😉
Damn great video,how can i find the sound/song ?
It's in the description, but here you go: Music: Ultrablack by Catechism (cccatechism.bandcamp.com/)
Thank you @@MBARIvideo
What if the observable universe was just a colossal ocean which we have never seen the edge of?
Amazing fishy deep sea gothics
Q. Why do they have the grousome mouth with big teeth? Seems like over kill.
how cool the deep sea is
I love the sea.
👏👏👏👏👏❤️👍
The video is just awesome, but I can't find the song anywhere. Catechism - ultrablack. Yeah, but it's not on bandcamp. Please help me to improve my life.. I really need this song! ❤
Real freak deep sea fishes🥴…
Holy crap 0:18 what the hell that's a real fish???
They have listed the various fishy things in the description/chapters and at which depth they are filmed
Scariest things I've seen this halloween
an idea of scale would be awesome. At the bottom of the screen a little bit of text PLEASE! They could be the size of a doberman or a mouse, for all we know.
None of these look tasty
They are red but red its the first color u loose on deep water
Супер
The antithesis of a social media "influencer"?
how do they find each other to mate? surely, something so important isn’t left to chance encounters.
Pokemons in real life
really tho?
No sense in being pretty when its that dark
This video absolutely slaps 10/10
Viverfish
if i die before getting to see these amazing sorts of creatures in person my life will have been wasted in my eyes
truly magnificent
Aliens are not from space "so stop looking 🙄 up" they are under the sea
so many QTs
Spaceships scudding the Alpha Centauri firmament. Change My Mind. I'm just waiting for a scifi writer to design aliens that look like these creatures and who travel the universe like these guys do their waterworld version. The barreleye at 2:00 is still mindblowing, and now the fangtooth at 2:43 is breathtaking. God's imagination is, clearly, boundless. And yet, the basic superstructure template is still mostly the foundation. Two eyes, two nostrils, two ears, four limbs, mouth, butt. If it ain't broke, don't fix it. Thanks MBARI.
know about the Darius series?
@@GiacomoCarali Not til now. Not a gamer. Will check it out.
fair enough, don't know much about the lore but there should be some alongside all the explosions
Almost like we evolved from a common ancestor 😂
@@Leto_0 "Almost" is good enough in a game of horse shoes. How long you been a practicing marxist? It's rotting your soul.
this is amazyng