Mythical Trees: Crash Course World Mythology #34
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 18 сен 2024
- This week on CC Myth, Mike Rugnetta is teaching you about mythical trees. There are lots of trees in myth, and we've touched on some of them before, but today we're going to focus on three trees from three different traditions. We'll talk about the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil from the biblical tradition, Yggdrasil from the Norse Tradition, and Ashvattha, which is important in both Hindu and Buddhist tradition.
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at / crashcourse
Thanks to the following Patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Mark Brouwer, Divonne Holmes à Court, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, Indika Siriwardena, Robert Kunz, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Daniel Baulig, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, Jessica Wode, Cami Wilson, Eric Prestemon, Evren Türkmenoğlu, Alexander Tamas, Justin Zingsheim, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, Tom Trval, mark austin, Ruth Perez, Malcolm Callis, Kathrin Janßen, Ken Penttinen, Advait Shinde, Cody Carpenter, Annamaria Herrera, Nathan Taylor, William McGraw, Bader AlGhamdi, Vaso, Melissa Briski, Joey Quek, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Alex S, Mayumi Maeda, Kathy & Tim Philip, Montather, Jirat, Eric Kitchen, Moritz Schmidt, Ian Dundore, Chris Peters, Sandra Aft, Jason A Saslow, Steve Marshall
--
Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - / youtubecrashcourse
Twitter - / thecrashcourse
Tumblr - / thecrashcourse
Support Crash Course on Patreon: / crashcourse
CC Kids: / crashcoursekids
"we don't know how she feels, she's a tree now"
LOL Legendary
laughed for like 2 mins like an idiot, 10/10 would bang again.
If he did what we think he did, #treelover, I think, "Bored", would be a good guess. What do you think?
Griffin Beaumont legen....
Dairy!
In the Vietnamese myth, that was no ordinary rock, in fact it’s limestone (hence the white color). The limestone is made into a paste then eaten with the fruit (trầu in Vietnamese) and wrapped in the leaf (lá cau in vietnamese). The myth explains why there’s a tradition in Vietnam called ăn trầu (eating the fruit and leaves). It’s believed the leaves and the paste help kill bacteria and improve the immune system. Furthermore, overtime the chemical compounds stain the teeth a deep red (almost black) which was once considered to be very physically desirable, especially for women. Nowadays, only old people still practices the tradition (my grandma still does) while the young generations rarely do.
Its addictive too right?
What a pleasant surprise to hear about Vietnamese mythology here!
That story is very popular and is taught very early in school in Vietnam. It explains the one of the oldest tradition of Vietnamese people in which you would mix those ingredients and chew it, not actually eating it. It helps against bad breath and teeth decay. Nowadays you would mainly see older women doing it, and would invite each other when they meet just like men with cigarette.
Keep up the good work CrashCourse!
In certain Filipino mythologies, the bamboo is revered as the tree of life. There is a Maranao myth which tells the birth of the first humans. A sarimanok (a rainbow coloured chicken with psychic and creative powers) pecked a bamboo which split in half and bore the strong one and the beautiful one. The sarimanok took care of them as his children, and with the little powers he had left before he died, gave them the power to procreate.
like Malakas at Maganda of the Tagalogs and Sikalak at Sikabay of the Bisaya...with the bird called "tigmamanukan" or "manaul" bird or that bird that made the heaven and sea fight with each other that formed the Philippine islands. :)
In Philippine myths, men and women are created at the same time, no one is greater than the other, they equally came out of the bamboo tree/plant at the same time.....that's why men and women during the ancient times are equal in power.....men ruled over politics, families, government, and war....women ruled over children, education, culture, arts, and religion or worship...... women before can also be datu or tribe leaders.....women can be religious leaders like babaylan or katalonan and men can also be religious leaders too......
Our ancient past is very different from the story of Adam and Eve where Adam is like superior over Eve and where Eve is seen as the reason that Adam also eat the forbidden fruit. In Abrahamic faiths like Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, men is given more importance than women. Only men can lead and be religious leader, there are no women prophets, and Eve is just created because Adam is alone with all other animals having a pair. Women in these religions are seen as inferior to men, under to men, and subordinate to men..... but right now, women's rights, feminism, and gender equality is being fought by women around the world, because some men can be a bit of dictator, bad husband, or a bit naughty to women.
bamboo is a grass
Here is a list I compiled of trees in mythology:
In Egyptian mythology, Osiris and Isis were born from an acacia tree.
The tamarisk tree is sacred to the Egyptian god Osiris.
In the mythology of the Mongo-Nkundo people of the Congo basin in Africa, there is the founder and culture hero Lonkundo. Lonkundo had a wife named Ilankaka, who planted palm trees and harvested the nuts.
For the Yoruba people of Nigeria in Africa, the palm tree was a precious gift from the sky god Olodumare.
The cedar tree is sacred to the Sumerian god Dumuzi the Shepherd.
In Sumerian mythology, there is the story of the goddess Inanna's Huluppu tree. She plants the tree in her temple at Uruk and plans to use it to make furniture when it is fully grown. But when that time comes she finds the tree inhabited by 3 demonic creatures: the Anzu bird, Lilit, and a mean serpent. Gilgamesh kills the serpent, which scares away the other two creatures. The tree is then cut down and Inanna uses it to make her sacred furniture.
The royal palace of Ugarit (in ancient Canaan) in Syria was primarily made of stone and wood. So presumably the palace of the god Baal Hadad as well as the palace of the goddess Anath were also made out of stone and wood (i.e. trees).
Adonis, who was a god among the Phoenician Canaanites, and a mortal among the Greeks and Romans, was miraculously born from a myrrh tree who happened to be his mother named Myrrha.
The god Attis of Phrygia from modern-day Turkey (who was later adopted into Greek and Roman mythology) was conceived from a pomegranate tree and hanged on a pine tree.
In Zoroastrian (i.e. Persian) mythology, there was the Primal Tree, which didn't require bark to protect its branches and had no thorns to defend its fruit, because the first creation had made an ideal state.
In Arabian mythology, the goddess Al-Uzza (similar to the Mesopotamian goddess Inanna/Ishtar), was a goddess of acacia trees.
In the Hindu myth of Krishna vs the serpent monster Kaliya, there is the Kadama Tree.
In Buddhist mythology, the Buddha receives enlightenment underneath the Bodhi Tree.
In the Chinese myth of the hero Yi the Archer, there are ten suns which live in the solar Mulberry Tree. The suns took turns appearing at the top of the tree.
In Daoist mythology, the immortal Han Xiang is led to heaven to eat at the Peach Tree of Immortality by his teacher, the immortal Lu Dongbin. Han Xiang falls out of the peach tree but achieves immortality before he hits the ground.
In the Korean myth of the hero Cumong, his son finds half of his father's sword at the base of a pine tree growing out of a heptagonal stone.
In the mythology of the Dayak people of Borneo, after the universe is destroyed, only a maiden will remain, hidden in a rock or a tree.
In Siberian mythology, there is an axis mundi world tree which rises up from the lower earth through the navel of the middle earth to the pole star. Sitting at the top of the tree are the sun and the moon, and the souls of the unborn live in its branches.
In Greek mythology, the god Dionysus's blood was reborn as a pomegranate tree. Also, the pine tree was sacred to him.
In Greek mythology, the hero Heracles's club is made out of an olive tree.
In ancient Greece, the goddess Athena was considered to be the mother of pear trees. Also, olive trees were sacred to Athena.
In ancient Greece, the cypress tree was sacred to the goddess Artemis.
In the Greek myth of Jason and the Argonauts, their ship, the Argo, is made out of a sacred oak tree at the oracle of Zeus at Dodona.
In Greek mythology, there is the story of Tantalus. He tested the gods by serving them the flesh of his own son to eat, and was punished by being made to suffer eternal thirst and hunger. He had to stand in a pool below a fruit-laden tree. The pool emptied each time Tantalus tried to drink the water, and the overhanging branches of the tree blew out of reach whenever he tried to grasp them for the fruit.
In Norse mythology, the first man and woman were made out of trees. The first man, named Ask, was made out of an ash tree, and the first woman, named Embla, was made out of an elm tree.
In Norse mythology, there was a flood of blood from the frost giant Ymir's veins which drowned all the frost giants except for Bergelmir (Ymir's grandson) and his wife, who escaped in a boat made from a tree trunk.
In Norse mythology, the hero Sigurd removes Odin's sword from Branstock, an oak tree.
In Welsh (i.e. Celtic) mythology, the woman Blodeuwedd is created out of an oak tree (among other things), and the hero Lleu Llaw Gyffes transforms into an eagle and perches on an oak tree.
In Slavic mythology, the world was represented as a vast oak tree. The underworld was in its roots, and Veles, the dragon or serpent god of the underworld, was coiled among its roots. Perun, the sky and thunder god, was represented by an eagle that sat in the top branches of the tree.
In Sami mythology from northern Europe, there are ruler sky gods such as Radien or Vearalden, whose sacred sites were marked by a stytto. A stytto was the symbol of a world tree or pillar that reached up to the North Star.
In Mayan mythology from Mesoamerica, there is an axle or world tree - a green ceiba tree - which holds the universe together, including heaven, the underworld, and the compass directions of north, south, east, and west.
In Aboriginal Australian mythology, there is the brothers Yuree and Wanjel (they are aka the Bram-Bram-Bult). Wanjel was bitten by a poisonous snake called Gertuk and died, and his brother Yuree resurrected Wanjel in the form of a tree trunk.
In the mythology of the Banks Island people in Melanesia, a spirit named Qat created three men and three women out of a tree.
Here are a few more myths about trees:
In Norse mythology, the dart that killed the god Balder was made from a sharpened twig of mistletoe. Mistletoe comes from the oak tree.
In Celtic mythology, Fagus was the god of beech trees.
In the Slavic myth of Ivan and the Firebird, there was a tree that bore golden apples.
In Slavic mythology, there is the evil character Koschei the Immortal. An oak tree contained a chest with his hidden soul.
In the Slavic legend of the wood dove, a woodcutter is poisoned by his wife because she wanted to marry another man. A young oak tree took root at his grave.
The Baltic sun goddess Saule is associated with the world oak tree, the saules koks ("sun tree").
Holly trees are associated with the German goddess Holle.
Holly trees were sacred to the Roman god Saturn.
The peach was sacred to the Roman god of marriage, Hymen. Peaches come from peach trees.
In the Roman myth of Pyramus and Thisbe, Pyramus kills himself under a mulberry tree.
In Greek mythology, the female character Pitys was changed into a fir tree when she ran away from Pan.
The Greek god Hephaestus is a god of carpentry and is thus associated with wood/trees.
The Egyptian god Ptah is a god of carpentry and is thus associated with wood/trees.
In Jewish mythology, Absalom, the third son of King David, had his head caught in the branches of an oak tree as the mule he was riding on ran beneath it.
In Jewish mythology, the Ark of the Covenant was made out of wood from the acacia tree.
In Mayan mythology from Mesoamerica, the hero twins Hunahpu and Xbalanque were miraculously conceived when a gourd tree "god" spat on their mother, making her pregnant.
In Mayan mythology from Mesoamerica, there are different races of humans. The 3rd race of humans had men that were made from wood (i.e. trees) and the women made from reeds.
In Native American Navajo mythology, the character First Man created a tall mountain so the people could escape a flood. Then, on top of the mountain, he planted a cedar tree, a pine tree, a male reed, and then lastly a female reed.
"tree molesting" ... not words you hear often.
Should've included the ceiba tree, very central to Maya mythology! It was used as a passageway into the heavens, like the Milky Way.
5:23 one might say, he got some wood
eyyyyyyyyyy
That Vietnamese story was a verified soap-opera.
hah, I never thing about that story like that, now you mention it, it is kinda soap-opera
Wait til u watch a vietnamese soap opera
Yeah, most of our myths tend to be like that...you should hear the one about the man who accidentally married his own sister and self-banished himself. The wife/sister never knew the truth and waited for him to come home for so long to the point that she was turned into a stone statue waiting for her love on the cliff...that is one big soap-opera.
"'The Land of The Dead'--helluva place."
Well done, sir.
I love that statue of Apollo and Daphne. I believe it's by Bernini. I hear the leaves ring like bells if you strike them just right (but don't try it, because the staff at the Galleria Borghese will, quite rightly, kick you out.)
We will never know how Daphne felt about this outcome. She's a tree now. LMAO
that vietnamese story was so touching 😭
"After some rather uncomfortable and unfortunate tree molesting ..."
Seriously? You leave us with that? No details???
My mind is running wild now.
This show is so amazing, I wish it was taught in school.
Beware the Green!
-Swamp thing
Can you guys make a crash course mathematics, please?
I don’t think you realize how all encompassing mathematics is, nor how impossible it would be to try to explain all of those facets of mathematics.
Once again, a Vietnamese legend bears striking resemblance to many Austronesian myths. Many Austronesian myths, especially the ones from Taiwan, suggests that their ancestors were born out of a tree entangled with a white rock. Some of the myths have the rock and tree existing since the creation and one day people just popped out of it. Some have the survivors of a flood, often siblings, turning into rock and tree and giving birth to a new generation of people.
I wonder if the tree in the Vietnamese myth is an areca tree and the vine is a betel vine, because areca nut wrapped with betel leaf is a symbol in many Austronesian cultures, and I've heard it's the same in early Thai and Vietnamese cultures as well.
No great deku tree?
I love you Jesus
Jesus ah man....
I concur
Soo....ur a genius...jesus?
This you do not hear every day
Hearing/reading your name when it's somewhat uncommon is always a weird thing -a Daphne
Crash Course: I believe you are a trusted source to teach information correctly. Can you host an ASL series, please?
7:40 Looks like rain jackets are an older invention than we thought.
Nobody important it is surprising
I'm surprised you did not discuss baobab trees. They play major roles in many traditions.
Another good tree transformation story is Merlin, who was turned into an oak tree by Nimue (or Vivien).
“If you were a tree, what kind of tree would you be?” -- Barbara Walters
Don't know the over/under on this getting seen but...what sources have you been pulling from for this series? My interest in world myths has quickly outpaced my ability to wait a week for the next video.
Thanks!
The Vedas always make sense to me.
I've never heard of the mythological Bodhi tree before. However, I have heard that in heaven, the gods have a tree called Kalpa that can grant the heart's desire.
this is my first video from crash course mythology and I was not expecting Rugnetta to be here
Mythical cities? like Babylonia and Atlantis? Cant wait for that
Babylon was real. Not sure about Antlantis. But I think there talking more about cities such as Troy( yes I know Troy is real, but it has a great story connected to it.).
Babylonia is real, dear human person
El Dorado?
Not Visible El dorado is actual the name the Spanish gave an old Aztec ceremony, where a chief would be painted in gold and walk into the river sacrificing it. There is no actual mention of a city.
Dvaraka should get mentioned.
"He comes to a river that's too fast-" "2 FURIOUS"
may yggdrasil never burn, and may the nine worlds live in peace until ragnarøkkr.
Elijah Garside peace isn't metal bro
Too late. Didn't you hear? Ragnarok happened last week in a theater near you.
Røkkr? What the Hel
But then that would refute the prophecy of Ragnarok, and undermine the fatalistic themes in Norse mythology.
May it protect Thor's eye
1:44 Mmmmmm Asgard is up Yggdrasil not at the roots... Niflheim, Jotunheim, Svartalheim, and Heck-heim are the main planes that I've read as being at the roots of the tree
Asgard is near the top of the Yggdrasil, but there's also a root up there. It's where the gods gather.
Only educational thing I will watch and not cry about
Heh. I love the old couple miming the rock and tree. Good work, thought bubble.
Would you perhaps say the most amazing trees? And that we are impressed with your forest expertise?
[00:41] he was also, told, to not tend, that, tree-whence its 'knowledge of (climatic) evil'...
...plus-you're confusing without-mentioning the 'divine trunk' of first-lineage-god-family...
(that extends-throughout cosmic-time including Mars and now Earth in our Solar System)
Thank you for acknowledging Vietnamese’s myth. Kinda makes me happy.
Pity to say that your Vietnamese name pronunciation is not comprehensive to Vietnamese but I'm happy to see that you guys did your research very well and got the story spot on! :)
Great episode!
I LOVE YOU MIKE!!!
Are we going to get a separate one on forests and fields too, because I was expecting some content about how in fairy tales characters who go into the woods are "lost" and then find themselves or their path (usually once they overcome some hardship)?
Very surprised to see you guys finally mentioning Vietnamese mythology. I think I vaguely heard this story when I was younger. We do have another sad myth similar to this, only it involved two siblings: the myth tells a brother trying to carve a toy with a knife for his sister, but there was an accident and the knife embedded itself in the girl's head. Fearing that he had accidentally killed his little sister, he ran away only to return many years later, got married and have a child. But upon combing his wife's hair one day, he noticed that she has a scar on her head. He asked her how she got the scar and she told him that it was from an accident when she was a child when her brother was trying to make her a toy. To his horror, the man married his sister and was so ashamed that he ran away again. Unaware that her husband is actually her long, lost brother, the wife waited at a cliff everyday with her baby in her arms for him to return. She waited so long that both she and the baby turned into a stone statue. A symbol of tragic love and devotion.
Hi CrashCourse, could you make an episode about Slavic Mythology? Love your videos!!
WAIT but what is the food that was created from the rock, fruit, and leaf? It's still used today, right?
Google betel nuts
The Apollo and Daphne story is hilariously horrifying
The Two Trees of the Valar! Telperion the Silver and Laurelin the Gold! :D
Lol smite inspired ratotaskr, same with he bo a couple of weeks ago
Thank you, this video have me new insight into Buddha sitting beneath the Bodhi tree. Blessed be, Thoth!
Aww, no commentary on the ohia-lehua (tree and blossom love story myth) from Hawai'i?
Viet guy here. The white rock is phosphorous and it adjusts the pH of the fruit+leaf combo.
Yay ^^ ... Finally Atlantis next episode
You're gonna talk about Atlantis, right? RIGHT !?
I wanna see a gorgeous Atlantis Thought Bubble Story 💕
PS: Please put in an Oregano-bomb-joke form the Atlantis movies 😄😀
I am sooooooo enjoying this series 😋😋😋 Thanks for all the hard work!
The Tun and Lung story remind me of Hikaru, Kaoru and Haruki from OHSHC.
00:01 "TREES"
You miss the Autana (The tree of all fruits) in Venezuela, in La Gran Sabana (The Big Plain)
What a sad and lovely story...
3:18 That's deep
Daphne is DYOTAMA ( great light) in Sanskrit where DYOTAMA is a rendering of GAUTAMA. Early church fathers mention a man named TEREBINTHUS ( penthus/pain) who brought Indian " gospels" in front of the apostles in Jerusalem before he was persecuted to Persia where he was known as " BUDDAS" . Chaldean " binth"= reason or " bodhi"
when we went to vietnam i was surprised
So the rock is salt?
A Vietnamese here and the rock is actually limestone, the fruits, leaves and limestone are still used in weddings today but it is more symbolistic than anything, very few people eat them anymore
Awesome! Thank you for the reply. I love learning stuff like this!
Surprisenly that story was beautiful. Usually, it's just people raping and killing each other in myth stories.
Just to add a bit more - it's an engagement tradition that is shared amongst many cultures in mainland and insular SE Asia - so the rock is limestone, the leaf is betel leaf (a relative of the peppercorn vine), and the nut/fruit is the areca palm nut - the three elements are essential, as they need to mix with saliva and oxygen in order to create the desired chemical reaction (and make a product that makes the saliva blood-red in color).
I don't want to laugh about the story you told us about Daphne and Apollo, but I'm trying my best to resist the urge to laugh. But is it okay if I laugh out loud?
As doc sweets would say: Dude f**ked a tree.
I wonder if Kane and Able will show up in this series. Would be excited to hear it.
nice smite references
This is an excellent series.
Hi... now this might sound weird and really of topic from your video but me and my friend are doing a project in history and we are doing the Meuse Argonne Offensive we were wondering if you could give us some sources and/or a video oh and also your teacher said that you'd might be able to help us thank you for your precious time.
Educational!
Like the diversity of adding Vietnam into the fold. Would love to see some Filipino culture in this series
It would be much better if he covered more details on Chinese and Japanese mythology. For example, he hasn't even mentioned the Chinese and Japanese pantheons and he hasn't even mentioned the Taoist elixir of life.
You are an amazing teacher 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
The rock could have been salt? That's why it tasted good with the fruit and the leaf maybe
its limestone
Love these!
YAY!!!! Rattatosk!
In the Canary islands, they had dragos, that are dragons transformed in trees
you should have talked about the Ohia Lehua tree of Hawaii.
Guy has a nice manner of speaking. Good orator.
Hey what about Professor Oak? :P
Here's an idea.
Eh eh? Seems like such a long time ago... :D
I primarily know Yggdrasil from Tales of Symphonia
I like this guy.
1:37 Only the Aesir live in Asgard
1:40 Jotunheim is the home of the giants, nothing else.
"The fragrant honeysuckle spirals clockwise to the sun..."
2:34 The branches and roots of a tree look the same anyway, so an upsidedown tree doesn't look difirent from a rightsideup tree.
I love how the old couple tell her the story with charades.
In Rick Riordan's book, the House of Hades, Cupid is a bada** angle-winged archer with a crossbow and a quiver filled with love arrows. He looks like the most handsome of men and can turn himself invisible.
Sebastien-Loik Ntsangou-Kanda that’s the Greek myth by most accounts anyway
What about the Bodhi tree Siddhartha meditated beneath?
yes?
Enoch said that the"angels" cut down the trees. I believe they cut down these legendary trees.
The is the legend of iguassu falls... very similar to the vietnamese one
Oh, so that's what "Hank et l'Arbre" was about.
And no mention of Huwawa guarding the cedar forest?
The movie 'The Fountain'
1
👍🏼 Thanks for this! ✨ 👏
5:22 - I don't think Fluttershy wants to be a tree anymore...
HOLA. Me gustan mucho sus vídeos, me gustaría saber ¿EN QUÉ PROGRAMA EDITAN SUS VÍDEOS ?
No mention of axis mundi.
Wait is Rattata inspired by that squirrel from Norse mythology?
I'm happy to see your Ratatoskr was inspired by SMITE
No Mention of the Yew? Quite possibly the most mystical Species?
Omg Vietnam got a reference!!!!!