Ontology, epistemology and research paradigm
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- Опубликовано: 27 сен 2024
- This video explains the basic relationship between research paradigm, ontology, and epistemology in academic research settings. A research paradigm explains what you believe reality is and how you think knowledge can be understood. Ontology refers to the nature of reality. Epistemology is concerned with the nature of knowledge and how we come to know something.
Read more about research paradigms here: www.lynettepre...
An academic article about different research paradigms can be found here (free to read): doi.org/10.261...
To cite this article, you can reference it as: Pretorius, L. (2024). Demystifying research paradigms: Navigating ontology, epistemology, and axiology in research. [Pre-print]. Monash University Research Repository. doi.org/10.261...
Copyright Monash University
Ontology: what is real?
Epistemology: how do you know?
You can't know what is real, but if you really want to finish your research you must move to philosophical pragmatism. Which is why this video is so pragmatically perfect when taking on such a troublesome trivium. Because in reality, the truth is what sounds the most right to the people making a judgement and marking your answers on a paper. That's what I believe I believe but I don't really know.
You have no idea what this video means to me. God bless you, you are a real teacher
Thanks :) I'm glad you found it useful!
God, this Ontology and epistemology had so much confusion in my head. I thought I would never be able to get out of that mess in my head. I just cannot thank Dr. Lynetter for this life-saving video. Besides, the clarity I am now able to see how Ontology and Epistemology connect the choice of research paradigm. Love and respect from Kolkata, India.
You are welcome. I am glad you found it useful :)
Wow! Amazing! how nicely you have expounded us . I have spent many hours just to grasp the these basic philosophical concepts. You have really simplified. Your job is commendable. NO doubt. You are an excellent teacher. God Bless you. Don't forget to share the similar concepts and things with us.
Lynette, I take my hat off. To explain such complex theory in a 3 minute clip is an amazing achievement. Thank you so much, this video helped me a lot to understand this theory!
Thanks :) I'm glad you found it useful!
What a simplified explanation of such complexed terms n phenomena. I spent many hours to understand it but this video just solved my queries. Thank you
You are very welcome :) I'm glad you found the video helpful.
Best video ever! I've spent hours reading numerous texts while scratching my head (literally), but you've helped me understand the terms in less than 3 minutes. Greatly appreciated!
You're very welcome!
A brief and very comprehensive explanation of something that is mostly presented to be too complicated for a researcher to understand; my gratitude and thanks with lots for prayers for you! Stay blessed.
:) I'm glad you found the video useful!
Simple clear and easy to understand - a great start for a new PhD student. Thank you
You're very welcome!
Simple and to the point. I really finally understood these concepts. Now next thing is understanding with examples. Hope you may consider for future lectures.
I WAS PUZZLED FOR DAYS AND HERE I GET IT NOW, SIMPLY AMAZING VIDEO FOR RESEARCHERS , HATS OFF TO YOU
Excellent! I was never clear about how paradigm emerge in research , this video made it simplied.
I just understood something puzzled me for ages, and it took me less than 5 minutes. Amazing~~
I'm glad you found the video so useful Lainie 🙂
@@LynettePretoriusMonash Totally agree! I only wish I'd seen this months ago!
You are a genius in simplifying a complex concept. Research students will agree with that. This video must be made compulsory for all introductory sessions in research methods.
I am glad you found the video useful :)
This was very helpful. Ontology (what is the reality? - single or multiple); Epistemology( how to explore/examine the reality). Thank you..
You are welcome - glad it was helpful!
Best simplified definitions of these complex concepts! My mind was about to explode trying to grasp the meaning on my own. Thank you so much
You are very welcome :) My other video lists the ontologies and epistemologies of common paradigms if that helps further clarify your thinking: ruclips.net/video/yMtbIEMuQ0c/видео.html
I spent years in grad school struggling with these three concepts. Of course, this was before RUclips. 3 minutes versus years. Excellent tutorial. Thanks.
You are very welcome, I am glad it helped! :)
Simple and to the point. What a simplified explanation of such complexed terms phenomena. thank you
You're very welcome!
Thanks for simplifying all the stuff I've spent hours to understand.
thank you very much for this video! it helped me understand what my lecturers want from me !
and I didn't have to pay tuition fees for it
You are very welcome :)
Dear Lynette, thank you for sharing this wonderful , educative video. It is more helpful than you know! I am so happy right now!
Glad it was helpful! :)
WoW!!! saving lives here--crisp and simple explanation Thank you!!
You're welcome! :)
Thank you so much sis. I have been struggling so hard to understand these concepts from a book and all is explained here in simplest way. God bless you.
I suggest reading section "Phase 2: Interpretive Paradigms" (p. 56) of the The SAGE handbook of qualitative research. I found that description of research paradigm clear and well explained
Can you share the link.
the best slide show i have seen in over 15 that is to the point thank you so much
You are welcome :)
SO EASILY EXPLAINED THAT I SPENT WEEK IN UNDERSTANDING
Wow! Makes it a cup of tea! Thank you for making it very easy to digest.
You are welcome :) I am glad you found it useful!
Your videos is so so so helpful! I wish I've discovered this earlier... I literally went through hell to learn it on my own, and still can't fully explain it. Thank you. BTW, I finished my PhD.
I am glad the videos are useful for you. Congrats on finishing your PhD! A great achievement! :D
It was as if the sky opened up and a splinter was removed from my brain, when I watch your video. Thank YOU x 10.
Thank you for the presentation very helpful for my assignment as I was lost and still very confused and not cleared with these terms after ready Research book
I am very delighted that I looked into your video
Very simple way of explaining which can be easily understand
You are welcome! :)
You are God-sent. Thank you!
For me, this is the best explanation! Thank you
You are very welcome :)
Thank you enormously for your video. Explained in an eloquent manner, I can be assured that I have correctly comprehended these different terminologies. Thank you so much for this video. It’s proving to be very beneficial
You are very welcome :) I'm glad you found it useful!
I cannot believe how easy the whole thing looks now, why do lectures over complicate things. Thanks a millions you saved my academic life.
You are welcome :)
Best video to explain these terms
Thank you so much! Finally I understood the concept of Ontology and Epistemology.
What a nice and creative way of presenting a lesson! Slides are interesting. I would like the volume, though, to be increased so that I could fully and clearly hear the beautiful and simple explanation .Thank you very much for sharing your your great work!
I am glad you found the video useful. If you are having trouble hearing the presentation even with your volume turned up on your computer, you could turn on the captions. I include complete captions in all my videos. Hope that helps.
My Sis thank you for everything.
Thank you thank you thank you. Thank you for explaining in simple terms.
You're very welcome! :)
Thank you for sharing this video, very informative !!!
Lynette, thank you very much for such great video. I will definitely use it in my research methods class.
Glad it was helpful!
Thank you for simplifying these for me😭 I can save so much time researching and writing textbook definitions which don’t help me understand 😭
You are very welcome! :)
ty for this easy to comprehend video, it helped a lot!
Glad it helped!
Beautifully explained
This video was insanely useful for me! Thanks so much!
You are welcome :)
Thanks for the clear interpretation of these terms.
You're very welcome :)
Wonderful Expatiation in the simplest words. Very helpful for research students. Also make detailed video on these 3 concepts. please keep it up with new concepts/theories of social sciences.
I'm glad to hear you found the video so useful :)
@@LynettePretoriusMonash please keep it up. I ll be waiting for new videos on philosophical topics. Thank you
It was very simple and very easy to understand 😍 thank you ❤
You're welcome 😊
Thank you for a very educative talk. Stay blessed.
Beautiful. Simply beautiful.
Thanks :)
A very comprehensive explanation, Thank you very much.
You are welcome!
This was super helpful! Thank you!
Thank you for helping me understand these concepts!!!!
You are welcome :)
A much easier explanation is:
Ontology is the relationship between big whole things.
Epistemology is what are things consisting of. It drills to the deepest level possible to examine what a thing consists / is made of.
There’s also anthology (which is ‘all things’, ‘all types’), phenomenology (which is how we experience and perceive things).
There’s also chronology, which is things in their relation to time (when did one thing occur / happen and whether it occurred or happened before or after or at the same time as another).
That was not an easier explanation
@@tonyshabanaj1654 🤣🤣🤣
@@tonyshabanaj1654 I know you wanted easier, but I also know you needed just a better explanation 😎😎😎
Ontology addresses the nature of reality whilst Epistemology addresses how reality can be examined in Research Paradigm. Thank you.
You are welcome :)
Thank you for your very helpful video.
You are welcome :)
wow! thank you I have struggled to understand these terms I really apricate this video. thank you
Glad it was helpful!
@@LynettePretoriusMonash very much so thank you
Thanks this video was very informative. ❤️
Glad it was helpful!
Great explanation Lynette! thank you.
You are welcome :) Glad it was helpful!
Hello Prof Lynnette,
Greetings of the day...!
Is it possible for you to share few examples based on these research paradigm. That will help more.
Thank You for a wonderful vlog.
👌👍🤗
Hi. Positivism/post-positivism is often used in quantitative research. This is because the objective to that type of research is often to find a numerical answer to a question. In that case, the researcher believes there is one correct answer, so if they can control all the variables, they can find that answer. Constructivism is frequently found in social sciences to help understand the realities of different participants. In that case, the researcher believes that each participant's reality is individually defined based on their own understandings, experiences, etc. Importantly, constructivists understand that each person's reality is constructed through their interactions with their social environment. Pragmatism is often found in mixed-methods research and is used to combine the approaches when investigating both quantitative and qualitative problems.
@@LynettePretoriusMonash Thank You So much Prof. Lynette for the examples,
This video is gold.
Glad you found it useful :)
This is so helpful, thank you
Thank you for such easy to understand video
Glad it was helpful! :)
This was very helpful
Thank you soooo much!
You're welcome!
This helped so much thank you!
How can postcolonial, transformative, positivist, interpretivist and pragmatic compare epistemologically?
You may find the purple table here useful to help you understand this: salmapatel.co.uk/academia/the-research-paradigm-methodology-epistemology-and-ontology-explained-in-simple-language
Thank you
thank you for explaining this
❤Conscise and clear
Thank you
Very simple explanation, thank you very much
Glad it was helpful!
God bless you
Excellent explanation
Good work
Great explanation! Do you have any further readings to recommend on the subject matter?
I'm glad you found it useful. There are many resources that explore these concepts. They are often discussed in detail in foundation research methods books. One that I have found quite useful is: Crotty, M., 1998. Foundations of social research: Meaning and Perspective in the Research Process. SAGE. (see particularly p.256).
Is that not possible to combine ontology of one reality with epistemology of multiple meanings
Do you have an example of how you want to combine this type of ontology and epistemology? In general, it sounds like those two you are proposing are in direct opposition to each other, but perhaps if you have an example I can make a more reasoned judgement.
THANK YOU! THANK YOU! THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!! You have saved me!!!!!
You are welcome :)
The 3 epistemologies: I am not sure they contradict each other. I do not understand why they are three different things? In my opinion they should not be one without the other. Could someone advise/ discuss please?
They are very different - positivism searches for one objective reality which can be measured by constructing an experiment which eliminates or controls all the variables. Constructivism focuses on the fact that there is no one single reality, but that everyone creates their own realities based on their interactions with their social world. Pragmatism sees reality as constantly changing.
@@LynettePretoriusMonash Thank you for your reply. However, I was referring to the epistemologies: 1- that knowledge could be measured 2- reality needs to be interpreted etc
They have different epistemologies as well. Positivisms epistemology is that a clear reality can be found and measured. Constructivism, however, believes that reality can never be fully measured. Pragmatism believes that a reality is constantly changing, so the best the researcher can do is to measure what the reality is at that point in time.
Excellent!
Ma'am how these branches play role in the process of curriculum development? Kindly explain with concrete examples.
These concepts help a researcher understand themselves and, therefore, helps them better interpret their research. By understanding how you view reality and knowledge, you are able to better understand how others view reality and knowledge. In curriculum development, this is important, as you will design your curriculum based on how you view knowledge. For example, if you adhere to a constructivist paradigm, you would design your classroom in a way where students would be encouraged to construct their own knowledge through experiences in the classroom.
Thank you for your help! Would you say an interprtivist and contructivist research paradigm is the same?
Constructivism and interpretivism are related but not the same. While often used interchangeably, they are slightly different - ontologically, both paradigms have similar understandings (i.e., they are both intersubjective paradigms) but epistemologically they are slightly different. The SAGE research methods database is useful to understand these differences.
thank you for this video!
You are welcome :)
Thanks!
Thankyou
It's amazing!Thank you
You're welcome :)
Thankyou so much
You are welcome :)
Just curious. Is your worldview theistic or atheistic?
All researchers must decide how the view the world - what reality is and how they see knowledge. This influences everything they do. Personally, I have a theistic worldview and follow a constructivist paradigm in my research.
Thanks a lot mam😊
What if we are doing Action Research? What paradigm would be best suited for that?
It would depend on the researcher's understanding of reality. That being said, pragmatism is probably well-suited to action research as it allows for multiple different research approaches.
@@LynettePretoriusMonashI too thought the same but feeling really confused what would be the epistemological and ontological stance for Pragmatism?
@@samreenabdulghani117 pragmatism does not commit to a single reality - it understands reality as actively created by individuals as they interact with the world. Consequently, they see reality as constantly negotiated. This leads to the epistemic stance that the researcher should use the best available tools/processes to explore practical problems.
@@LynettePretoriusMonash I understood! But, for example, if I am doing action research on students employing pretest posttest research design through which I'll be collecting data and statistically analyzing it? Then afterwards, collecting their responses via questionnaire. So dont you think at the first stage, it is "objectivist" epistemology and not subjectivist.
And what would be ontology in this regard? Moreover , I read that AR has inductive approach but again what if the numerical data being analyzed statistically?
@Samreen Abdul Ghani you can still use statistical data in a pragmatism paradigm. It depends more on how you view the purpose of the data (I.e. what you think the data will reflect). For example, using the data to show a specific state of events at a particular time would be reasonable. This still acknowledges that reality will change, so pragmatism works. Furthermore, using a survey with open-ended questions would then allow you to explore the individual realities of the students who took part in the action research project.
hi, is constructivism and interpretivism the same thing? i realised interpretivism wasn't mentioned. i hope someone could enlighten me. thank you!
Constructivism and interpretivism are closely related but not the same thing. They have different ontological and epistemological perspectives. I found this article helpful in understanding the difference between the two: doi.org/10.1515/ijamh.2011.022
@@LynettePretoriusMonash ahhhh, i see. thank you!!!
@@msdripdrop You are welcome :)
well understood, thank you
:) You are welcome
Paradigm = the research meta-theory
Ontology = whats reality
Epistemology = who do I investigate reality
Nicely explained❤💖💖
Thank you 😊
So can someone explain what a nominalist view is please?
From what I understand, nominalists hold the view that an understanding of the world is particular to an individual and that reality is, therefore, individually constructed. As such, they disagree with the view that objective truth exists. I found this article helpful to better understand nominalism: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24762130
Great video, made me understand more than a 2 hour lecture from class smh
Glad you found it useful :)
Sri Lakshmi Manasa Dharanikota
Jvr2142
Research methodology
Sem 1
06/10/21
I still don't quite understand what Ontology is.
Multiple realities? Are there very many people who believe that we don't all live in the same universe or something? We all obviously seem to share a reality.
People can believe that there is one overarching reality, while others believe that people experience realities differently. A single reality ontology makes sense in say, for example, a scientific experiment where you can control all the variables to ensure that the answer you get is the one and only true answer to a question. Multiple realities can be demonstrated for example in a situation like a classroom. While all students are in the same class with the same teacher and the same content, they may learn differently because of their own personal background, characteristics, beliefs etc. If you want to understand how learning has occurred in the classroom, you can therefore not just use the perspective of one of the students, as other students in the classroom would have experienced a different reality. This is why ontology is important to understand.
And what f metaphysics and formal logic?
THANK YOU!!
You are welcome :)
❤️❤️