Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technology and Types of Electric Vehicles Explained

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  • Опубликовано: 10 фев 2025

Комментарии • 197

  • @deepseer
    @deepseer 2 года назад +8

    You missed the elephant in the room: A single Chinese PHEV model can outsell all the PHEV models you listed in this video, combined.
    If you really need to demostrate the working of a PHEV using a model that is not exclusive to China, you can use Honda's model. It's a series-parallel powertrain that can automatically switch between several modes for efficiency and power.

  • @mechguy8459
    @mechguy8459 2 года назад +21

    I just wanted to tell u that I liked your video on Electric Vehiclez. Thanks for making ❤️

  • @IsaacEdunyah
    @IsaacEdunyah 2 года назад

    this is a very good information it has help me in preparing my lecture not on electric vehicle

  • @JohannGraysonQuiambao-sl9zb
    @JohannGraysonQuiambao-sl9zb 3 месяца назад +1

    0:44 3:29 7:46 and 10:38 are my favorite i love all kinds of electrified cars

  • @Jim-xz1ew
    @Jim-xz1ew 2 года назад +9

    We have had a Hybrid for three years. Then we went to a BEV or full electric car a year ago. For us this is perfect. Three hundred miles per charge and we have only used a supercharger twice. We do go out of town often to state parks and such. Still not needing to recharge until we get home. Cost me $3.85 for a 80 % charge at home. So no complaints there. When we do travel there is always a charge station close by. Still have our Range Rover and use it so the gas will not go bad in the tank from setting. We will trade it in on our second and next EV.

    • @miltonturner2977
      @miltonturner2977 2 года назад

      Use a product called 'Sta-Bil', it keeps the fuel fresh. I have a chain saw I stored, didn't bother to run out the fuel. A year and a half later (Had Sta-Bil in the gas) I went to see if it would start. Put on the choke, second pull it started. I was amazed as 2 Stroke engines typically gum up when sitting. I think Sta-Bil is the best product out there to treat gasoline to prevent gas going bad or evaporating and leaving gunk in the jets! I also own a Jet Ski Shop and most of the new ones are 4 Stroke but a few older models are 2 Stroke engines. I recommend Sta-Bil to all my customers to prevent gas gum up issues, hasn't failed yet!

    • @lheannab7718
      @lheannab7718 2 года назад

      Give it to me,, you won't use it..

    • @SethPinnock
      @SethPinnock Год назад

      There is no one type that is best for all regions. But for my region where electricity costs are high, a high capacity hybrid would be best

  • @amethysturanus6351
    @amethysturanus6351 Год назад

    Nice video and helps in understanding new technologies. 👍

  • @paulvarghese7585
    @paulvarghese7585 6 месяцев назад

    Wonderful presentation you done very well thanks

  • @bonnitaclaus2286
    @bonnitaclaus2286 2 года назад +6

    For my use, a plug-in hybrid truck. However, my day today Aaron running, work commute, and leisure travel I have selected the solar powered Aptera (The only one I’m aware of this time). In the future I will be trading in my present vehicle for a plug-in hybrid truck.

  • @phoenicianbird109
    @phoenicianbird109 2 года назад +3

    Thank you for your efforts... Hydrogen is the future...

    • @AuralioCabal-nl8gi
      @AuralioCabal-nl8gi 8 месяцев назад

      True, it has been " the future " , since 1960s and will be until we get to Mars./ S

  • @SahilShaikh-fu1lr
    @SahilShaikh-fu1lr Год назад

    Thank you so much❤

  • @ramanaven2001
    @ramanaven2001 2 года назад

    Nice 👍

  • @juansantosdelacruz2245
    @juansantosdelacruz2245 2 года назад +1

    Let's promote the unlimited super fuel the fuel of the future. My car is using it no refuelling no recharging needed. Super fuel is around us available whenever we need it

  • @jobkomban6821
    @jobkomban6821 2 года назад +3

    Very informative, thanks for the information

  • @gunasekaranr2953
    @gunasekaranr2953 2 года назад

    very nice video

  • @leifgiering
    @leifgiering 2 года назад +12

    When introducing series hybrids at 4:55, you showed a Prius, which is a parallel hybrid.

  • @laithabuassi2134
    @laithabuassi2134 2 года назад +1

    Great Content 👍

  • @energydcac9443
    @energydcac9443 2 года назад

    Indonesia present 👍

  • @ra5241
    @ra5241 2 года назад

    Good 👍

  • @amritmaheshwari2765
    @amritmaheshwari2765 2 года назад

    amazing video

  • @IndianElectrician1238
    @IndianElectrician1238 10 месяцев назад +1

    😮😮😮

  • @ronalde.wilson7406
    @ronalde.wilson7406 2 года назад +2

    I like plug-in hybrid the best.

  • @cecilfisher5954
    @cecilfisher5954 2 года назад +3

    No doubt Hydrogen is the best answer for our future, however, more filling stations will be needed as you suggested. Cheers

    • @djgate
      @djgate Год назад

      Using hydrogen is like using gas/ petrol since you are tied to a distribution system like the present, visiting a gas station and all that entails, price gouging, lines, paying ,just driving to the station and standing in the cold, No thanks, I pull in my garage plug in and top up while in the comfort of home.
      My electric cost is supplemented by solar and cheaper than paying someone for hydrogen.
      The fuel cell car is essentially an electric car but with a smaller battery plus the extras of a fuel cell plus huge storage tank or tanks for the hydrogen.
      Big oil will just morph into big hydrogen by ridiculing pure battery electric cars.

  • @garylarson6386
    @garylarson6386 2 года назад +1

    we are taking 1000 mile plus trips and stopping to recharge is not an option and all the stations may be busy, bought a 2021 toyota xenza and is the right hybrid for us

  • @jameelahmuhammad8084
    @jameelahmuhammad8084 2 года назад

    This video is well put...very nice

  • @LawatheMEid
    @LawatheMEid 2 года назад +9

    Would you please separate the types of hybrid series-parallel Vehicles, which i think they are the bridge between ic vehicles and fully e ones? You are the expert.

    • @Alphaswifty
      @Alphaswifty 2 года назад +1

      He did. He even showed diagrams for series and parallel for hybrid.

    • @LawatheMEid
      @LawatheMEid 2 года назад +3

      @@Alphaswifty i mean deeper, with examples.
      Thanks

  • @OcienOnce
    @OcienOnce 9 месяцев назад +3

    Series hybrid car 🚗 is best for future

  • @captainatique
    @captainatique 3 месяца назад

    good informative vdu regarding all types of electric vehicles .

  • @manalmahet1575
    @manalmahet1575 Год назад

    Many thanks, excellent summary!

  • @FrankJamesMusic
    @FrankJamesMusic Год назад

    very informative.

  • @laurentfoisy4573
    @laurentfoisy4573 Год назад

    Being an American, (That's not suppose to Drive a Car, But Can!) I'd opt for PHEV ! ! !

  • @clemensquinones4863
    @clemensquinones4863 3 месяца назад

    There's no comments related to safety. That's one major aspect to be considered in selection.

  • @dayoadeosun1520
    @dayoadeosun1520 2 года назад +9

    Great video. Well explained 👏

  • @dineshauto439
    @dineshauto439 2 года назад

    wonderful presentation.. u have nailed it....thanks...

  • @miltonturner2977
    @miltonturner2977 2 года назад +2

    I have a Honda Insight, Hybrid. I average 45 MPG and I have a lead foot. Just to see what would happen I drove 50 miles at 65 Mph and came away with 66.7 MPG. At least I don't have charging station anxiety!

  • @H.EL-Othemany
    @H.EL-Othemany 2 года назад +2

    The thumbnail looks like an ad. I was like. What? My adblocker isn't working?

  • @anibalgalan
    @anibalgalan 2 года назад +4

    Hey, nice and informative video. Thxs!
    However it's definitely biased towards EV and FCV. For example, there's no mention to additional costs and weight for PHEV vs HEV, this alone may well justify HEV for most drivers depending on accessibility to charging points on a daily basis.
    I would have loved to hear more about which is more efficient under urban and national road driving, for instance.
    Very little has been said about maintenance and second hand prices of all options.
    FCV are an inch away from being a fairytale. How many H2 charging points are in operation currently? It's not so serious to put this tech at the same level of maturity than all the rest. This can be confusing for most of the public.
    Great work!

    • @heydialvarez3249
      @heydialvarez3249 2 месяца назад

      he did mention maintenance and second hand prices on all of them

  • @jeromeavila3195
    @jeromeavila3195 2 года назад

    Great info

  • @lamtuan9616
    @lamtuan9616 11 месяцев назад

    For short term, hybrid is the best regarding for the price.

  • @stevepowsinger733
    @stevepowsinger733 Год назад

    I’ve learned the PHEVs are much more expensive that HEVs. The cost of a hybrid ranges from about $2,000 to $7,000 more than a similar ICE. PHEVs are several thousand more still.

  • @DjChronokun
    @DjChronokun 2 года назад +5

    FCEV is the way to go, but I think we will soon see a PFCEV (plug in fuel cell electric vehicle), to bridge the gap in infrastructure, before FCEVs really go mainstream

    • @seanmoylan5054
      @seanmoylan5054 2 года назад

      In your dreams. Toyota will have gone bankrupt and/or been taken over by a Chinese EV maker long before that fantasy eventuates.

  • @ahnafzahid9450
    @ahnafzahid9450 2 года назад +1

    very informative content

  • @BereketHabtehanes-lz7rm
    @BereketHabtehanes-lz7rm 3 месяца назад

    Thanks

  • @ag135i
    @ag135i 2 года назад +1

    PHEVS series hybrid are the best practical best of both worlds option
    .

  • @saadahmed002
    @saadahmed002 2 года назад +6

    Please make video on manual and automatic transmission with detail. I need it for exams.
    Which starts on 1st of June

    • @TheEngineersPost
      @TheEngineersPost  2 года назад +3

      Already made a video on this topic please check out the channel

  • @otienokonialaalfred6545
    @otienokonialaalfred6545 2 года назад +3

    Diesel hybrid is the holy grail. And efficiency of an ICE is biased compared to BEV's whose batteries are extremely resource intensive to produce.

    • @dmomcilovic9185
      @dmomcilovic9185 2 года назад +1

      That is dumb, is like saying horses and steam is best…

    • @vladimir_balaur
      @vladimir_balaur 2 года назад

      Actually not, read up all the examples of already existing Hybrid Diesel cars. All of them have a horrible MPG compared to regular diesel or Gasoline Hybrid Equivalent. Some manufacturers already discontinued the production of hybrid diesels, like Mercedes, Volvo, it's mainly used now as a mild hybrid in Audi A7

  • @sudhakarchavanlife
    @sudhakarchavanlife Год назад

    In series parallel hybrid type car. How both motor & engine give power to the car. What is the mechanical linkages btw that?

  • @ikkeennietjij
    @ikkeennietjij 2 года назад +36

    More than half of the elctricity (mainly from coal or gas powerplants!) is lost before it is put in your "green" EV. You need to tell that part of the story too!!!

    • @speece69
      @speece69 2 года назад +1

      Mainly hydro power here in New Zealand. 😁

    • @engineluvers1646
      @engineluvers1646 Год назад +2

      Ev is for future, the cost of renewable energy is reducing constantly. Once we can completely rely on these sources Evs will be cleaner. But for getting the best version of cars that time our research and development should start by now atleast. We can't wait until energy production is completely clean

    • @Andrewhedgehogs
      @Andrewhedgehogs Год назад +4

      You forgot the power plant is for the mostly 90 % efficient unlike the internal combustion engine, i still think evs are a joke

    • @woodtv4481
      @woodtv4481 9 месяцев назад +1

      Joke or not, we have no choice, these capitalists will feed that to all of us. 😢😢😢

    • @TekCroach
      @TekCroach 8 месяцев назад

      The real point here is that you can substitute cleaner and more efficient renewable energy sources as and when new technologies emerge. You don’t have that option with fuel. The future is so bright with electric vehicles.

  • @jeffersonantiquiera4455
    @jeffersonantiquiera4455 2 года назад

    I like more Battery Electric Car because it is safe and no need to buy fuel

  • @abiinafrancis4812
    @abiinafrancis4812 Месяц назад +1

    hey please help me am in Zimbabwe but i would like to learn about this electric vehicles .l only know about petrol and diesel i have basic mechanic certificate

  • @LifeTipsbyZodiacSigns
    @LifeTipsbyZodiacSigns 2 года назад +1

    You use Toyota Prius Prime as an example of PHEV but you didn't put it in the list of PHEV.

  • @Kubwimanaerisa-x7o
    @Kubwimanaerisa-x7o 5 месяцев назад

    Nic workin

  • @TheCrazierz
    @TheCrazierz 2 года назад +6

    I would love a Toyota Mirai but only 2 states in the US have fueling stations. Luckily I live in California but the fueling stations are all out of my way and it would be a hour trip from home to fill up. Also, from my understanding only one other state has fueling stations and its on the other side of the US. I would not be able to travel out of state via car...

    • @agnesf2659
      @agnesf2659 2 года назад

      I feel the same way. Mirai is only sold in B.C., Canada. Too bad.

    • @AuralioCabal-nl8gi
      @AuralioCabal-nl8gi 8 месяцев назад

      FOOLCELL are for FOOLS, Hydrogen infras is a Chicken and Egg thing, on top if being a RUBE GOLDBERG way of getting somewhere.

  • @SabastineAlpha
    @SabastineAlpha 7 месяцев назад

    Good

  • @kevinwright4088
    @kevinwright4088 4 месяца назад

    The best vehicle is the new hybrid cars. It is true one can plug in at home/on the road but it is better to get gas delivered to the home or office I think.

  • @sujaypawar5866
    @sujaypawar5866 2 года назад +3

    Some holy person once said,
    A diesel is a diesel is a diesel is a diesel.

  • @johnnorvaisas
    @johnnorvaisas Год назад

    Hybrid is a much better option if you plan on traveling on highways

  • @slchang01
    @slchang01 2 года назад

    For those who like BEVs, just do not get into an accident...These battery cells can cause fire and burn fast...Just get out ASAP if it does..

  • @gati54uri094
    @gati54uri094 2 года назад +1

    Thanks for this complete and engineering explaining about different hybrids powertrain configuration!!👍 One of the best explains about that topic. Thanks.
    Solving your question I prefer actually the plug in hybrid vehicles. But if the hydrogen's problems are solved this are the best powertrain solution for transportation!!!

  • @neev.1234
    @neev.1234 2 года назад

    Hybrid have also plug in charge in some cars

  • @romeotrinh6415
    @romeotrinh6415 2 года назад +3

    I am not ready for 100% electric vehicle yet! I would like to drive a hybrid car charging itself while I am driving instead I have to remember plug it in every time as long as the hybrid can save my car using less gasoline I am more happy to have than a electric car! It’s cost more with battery replacement and the future earth will fill with all dead batteries waste have produced from electric cars, i am sure electric car is not for me! I will continue to drive hybrid gasoline until the day I die!

  • @lheannab7718
    @lheannab7718 2 года назад

    Yes for now, until the charging infrastructure and speed is not yet common.

  • @oscaraviles7480
    @oscaraviles7480 Год назад +1

    Any sho for buying battery
    Optima Kia 2014

  • @RRW359
    @RRW359 5 месяцев назад

    Another problem with PHEV's is that at some point the weight of the battery harms fuel efficiency more then it helps it. Not necessarily to the point to where it's worse then a conventional vehicle, but definitely to where it's worse then a conventional hybrid with a smaller battery. If you only ever plan on using gas then you are wasting money compared to a normal hybrid.
    Also Why do places always mention regen braking as a power source? Don't get me wrong, it's a great way of increasing fuel efficiency, but it's never going to generate more power then it took to get the wheels moving in the first place. It's still powered by whatever gave it the power to move in the first place whether that's Hydrogen, gasoline, diesel, or the mainline.
    And just should mention that saying EV's have "no emissions" can trigger people. It's more accurate to say they have no emissions at the place they are driving and while there are still conflicting opinions most agree that the overall emissions either are or have the potential to be less then with an ICE.

  • @getthewin1046
    @getthewin1046 2 года назад

    Nice

  • @Transit-Fox
    @Transit-Fox 2 года назад

    the fuel cell vehicle at the beginning of the video is actually a BEV. A fuel cell vehicle is a Toyota Mirai or Hyundai Nexo, NOT a bmw i3!

  • @aeoh2000
    @aeoh2000 Год назад

    THESE GOOD FOR AFTER SALES BECAUSE MORE MAINTENANCE AS COMPARED TO EV. EV LESS MAINTENANCE NOT LIKE GASOLINE AND COMBINE BY BATTERY MORE MAINTENANCE.

  • @Bhargavram20177.
    @Bhargavram20177. 2 года назад

    Can you please make video on bike's and about bike's engine

  • @RICHARDGOETZ-n2p
    @RICHARDGOETZ-n2p Год назад

    Hybrid vehicles are supposed to bridge the gap between technologie. But instead it seems technologies are branching out into so many different directions, bridging has become nearly impossible with each motor company trying to gain the advantage over each other simply by being different. The BEV is a battery intensive technology, while the HEV technology tends utilize fossil fuel energy and electric storage in unison. However, much of the HEV marketing has been off-shore from the U.S., which only market HEV in huge pickup and less affordable models that don'treally help the emissions advantage of the HEV technology and only marginally in MPG economy. Getting HEV technology popularity to grow while using fossil fuelsfor the larger Commercial transportation & Military applications is the smartest use of transportation for the immediate situation wefind ourselves in. IT's too bad billions of dollars cannot be funneled off the economy by the petroleum and automotive industry, or right compbination would have been arrived at decades ago.

  • @richardshultz6834
    @richardshultz6834 2 года назад +6

    Your statement of features of BEVs is complete Bull Scat
    I think EVs are cool and would love to have one but, please stop the bull shet.
    1. No emissions, BEVs simply move the emissions from the tail pipe to the smoke stack. please stop
    2. Not dependent on oil, not true where do you think the electric comes from. And does this thing have gears and bearings?
    3. Cost effective, not, have you priced one?
    4. Low maintenance, not true. Different maintenance.
    5. Reduced noise, this is some what true.
    6. Easy driving, not true, some what slightly different driving.
    Given the problems around and limits of batteries, EV are a break even proposition at best.
    EVs are more efficient 100 mpge versus 35 mpg but with much higher entergy input up front. Thus the much higher price.

  • @josephhall1049
    @josephhall1049 2 года назад

    Would only consider Ev or fuelcell since u still need to service ice for the other 2

  • @woonsoolee8937
    @woonsoolee8937 2 года назад

    Energy proficiency bonus perks for these resident here's than problems later

  • @aeronYTco
    @aeronYTco 2 года назад +3

    I’d go:
    1. BEV
    2. FCEV
    3. PHEV
    4. HEV

  • @ruudbaars2965
    @ruudbaars2965 2 года назад

    H2 is not an efficient source, as it costs 3 times as much energy to create as it will give you to drive.
    Creating H2 needs complex and expensive equipment , also conversion H2 to electric current needs a high priced complex and high maintenance fuel cell likely to be replaced within the lifespan of your car .
    Best thing of H2 is you still need to go to the gas station every few days ;-)

  • @jillellaak
    @jillellaak 2 года назад

    Purely electric vehicles rule the market if more mileage per charge and service stations are available. Cost effective EVs will hasten takeover of traditional cars market by EVs. High cost, low mileage per charge and availability of service stations are hurdles to go for EVs. Recharging of batteries by internal auto-mechanism like in Hybrid vehicles will solve the problem to a large extent. Cheap battery replacement is also, need of the EVs market. Amruta INDIA.

  • @markvalentinguillermo4729
    @markvalentinguillermo4729 2 года назад

    So what is the best to choose from?

    • @TheEngineersPost
      @TheEngineersPost  2 года назад

      Each has its ups and downs, it is up to you to choose the best vehicle that suits your driving style

  • @arangitem5468
    @arangitem5468 2 года назад +2

    May the second type is most efficient with assist with internal combustion engine and all time auto changing but still produced carbon, the tipe one is most easy almost everyone can made it too, but the truth future is the last type but the only problems is just investment and price fuel itself.

    • @miltonturner2977
      @miltonturner2977 2 года назад

      To keep carbon under control inside the engine I use Sea Foam in my gas...I once had an engine apart and was using Sea Foam to soften up the carbon deposits on the valves...guess what, Sea Foam Dissolved the carbon and clean up was easy with an old rag.

  • @ManojKumar-s6v
    @ManojKumar-s6v 7 месяцев назад

    Hybrid electric vehicle is best

  • @fabrisoto
    @fabrisoto 2 года назад

    👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽

  • @robissonwillard7266
    @robissonwillard7266 2 года назад

    Nice🇸🇦

  • @nicholassaputra123
    @nicholassaputra123 2 года назад

    dont forget about disadvantage of BEV that it has a problem about the weight..

  • @tiacbendi-wc1lf
    @tiacbendi-wc1lf Год назад

    I rather prefer BEV than HEV and PHEV because of costly maintenance.

  • @JB-ee3vf
    @JB-ee3vf Год назад

    I buy Suzuki vitara full hybrid. But I’m afraid how many years my hybrid battery last! 10-15 ? This is the question!

  • @3kkk514
    @3kkk514 2 года назад +1

    This are very expensive car but I prefered ICE car easy to fixed and service every year including dpf filter cleaning every 50k km.

  • @hum___h
    @hum___h 2 года назад

    Toyota Prius is a Serial Parallel Hybrid

  • @woonsoolee8937
    @woonsoolee8937 2 года назад

    New Year 🎉🥳 Sale compromising carbon footprint less pollution fuel efficient than before to maintain high resale value's

  • @NyihabimanaAnyes
    @NyihabimanaAnyes 3 месяца назад

    Thanks. Indeed other

  • @flashsushi1843
    @flashsushi1843 2 года назад +2

    Surprised there was a study in the UK that suggests hybrids were more reliable owning to Toyota's build quality while BEVs are one of the least reliable owing to Tesla. But yeah after seeing how much cooling and ducting is required for performance ICEVs and issues encountered by many engines due to EGR/emissions standards, my next car purchase will be a BEV but probably five to six years down the road at the earliest since my two Toyota/Lexus HEVs and Honda ICEV are still mostly trouble-free and they're non-gas guzzlers.

  • @lazziebardakos2956
    @lazziebardakos2956 Год назад

    Should they really be called zero emissions? I'd argue no unless you're charging it by solar or wind power

  • @henkvandenberg4500
    @henkvandenberg4500 2 года назад

    Hydrogen is the future! Charging batteries will be limited because the power net cannot deliver enough at a certain time. Japan has understood this and is investing in Hydrogen chrarcing facilities, bying Hydrogen from Australië.

  • @SudhirSingh-rk1jk
    @SudhirSingh-rk1jk 2 года назад

    The best vehicle would be Fuel Cell types, once the Green Hydrogen is available in abundance then these vehicles would be the best for humanity. Cheaper and greener hydrogen should be available any time between 2025 to 2028.

  • @marvichadap8338
    @marvichadap8338 2 года назад

    thanksss

  • @m.saifulislam311
    @m.saifulislam311 2 года назад

    Hybrid EVs ♻️

  • @kyawsoewin5904
    @kyawsoewin5904 2 года назад

    BEV is the best.

  • @joelejo1587
    @joelejo1587 2 года назад

    Good viewing

  • @charles2411-i8f
    @charles2411-i8f 2 года назад +1

    Why such a large motor????

  • @shark4465
    @shark4465 2 года назад +2

    Hybrid electric vehicles are also known as mild hybrid vehicles because it's not fully a hybrid

  • @m.saifulislam311
    @m.saifulislam311 2 года назад

    Eco Lifestyles and Clean Energy ☘️🌍☘️ EVs👍

  • @hashim64
    @hashim64 2 года назад

    Hybrid car by solidstate battery water fuel, recharge by alternator.

  • @jamieeisenhower1560
    @jamieeisenhower1560 2 года назад +2

    For at this time of day and age at the moment plug-in hybrids are way to go but the car makers don't know how to make cars these days GM had it and gave it away support your country not foreign

    • @metalgear131
      @metalgear131 2 года назад +1

      Look at the chevy volt. That car is amazing but didn't get enough support to keep it going

    • @jamieeisenhower1560
      @jamieeisenhower1560 2 года назад +1

      @@metalgear131 because people don't understand it people don't use their minds they're so sucked into the computer world and teach to be victims in big cities by crooked Democrat you can see our leadership how it is right now buy foreign products get rid of jobs be a victim high taxes on the working class

    • @Kartkid12345
      @Kartkid12345 2 года назад +2

      Just my opinion but for practicality hybrids are the best option or at least a hybrid that runs off mainly the battery with a reserve engine in case of storms and such imagine a world where you can’t evacuate a town that’s having a wild fire bc their power is out

  • @shyamsankarreang4139
    @shyamsankarreang4139 2 года назад

    BEV is the best