Five Of The Biggest, Baddest Supernova Varieties
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- Опубликовано: 12 дек 2022
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Supernovae are only rare to the passive stargazer, but if you’re an astronomer studying them, you get to see some of the most brilliant explosions in the universe. Here are five of the most significant supernovae known to science.
Hosted by: Savannah Geary (they/them)
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Sources:
General:
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
www.astro.ru.nl/~onnop/educat... [PDF]
www.ucolick.org/~woosley/ay11... [PDF]
curious.astro.cornell.edu/abou...
1987A:
www.aanda.org/articles/aa/ful...
academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...
academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
1054:
www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs...
ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/198...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
2007bi:
www.nature.com/articles/natur...
ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/198...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
1006:
academic.oup.com/astrogeo/art...
www.nature.com/articles/natur...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...
2016aps:
www.nature.com/articles/s4155...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
Sources:
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
• Zooming in on Supernov...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Five Of The Biggest, Baddest Supernova Varieties
www.nasa.gov/sites/default/fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
www.nasa.gov/sites/default/fi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
• Zoom into the Crab Nebula
tinyurl.com/bdzr7zwn
tinyurl.com/ef49acfs
tinyurl.com/2yeuhzxr
tinyurl.com/yea8vh7e
tinyurl.com/2y52hvwn
tinyurl.com/3jdr3df3
tinyurl.com/2mhwsc4p
tinyurl.com/mr258xs9
tinyurl.com/3t4h3cty
tinyurl.com/4j4s23mc
• NASA’s Roman Mission W...
www.universetoday.com/145215/...
tinyurl.com/5adu76ss
tinyurl.com/3cryyppj
tinyurl.com/27vt7pxn
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
tinyurl.com/2wy7cyn4
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The people that made this video are beautiful marry Christmas 🎄 guys been watching 👀 you for 7 years
I have my coolest moon calendar- just waiting until January 1st.
The 11th century was apparently peak supernova viewing
They don't make em like they used to 😔
It was sort of Belle Epoch for astronomy. It's too bad there weren't any real astronomers yet.
Imagine a new star just...happening, in the night sky
I'm not a medieval peasant and *I* would think the world is ending.
and it might well be if you do see that.. it could be a gamma ray burst heading right at us
@@voiceofreason7558 if you can see a gamma ray burst, you're already dead. Those mfs are powerful
@@voiceofreason7558 Gama rays travel at the same speed as visible light, they are all part of the EM spectrum. So, by the time you see the "new star", nothing more is heading at you, it already arrived.
Guys, guys... Before we compare sizes, remember... Space is cold.
Hardy har har…. This comment seems to be on repeat online ….
@1 2 can space really be considered cold if it's mostly nothing?
Temperature is a function of thermal energy in a volume of space and matter, space being empty has no mass and can't really have a temperature
@@jacobkudrowich Space isn't empty, just very low density. Temperature can still be tricky to talk about.
Except, its not, not really. We can make things FAR colder, here on Earth, than natural space is, as far as we know, capable of producing. In fact, the astonishing thing about space is how much heat there is, albeit in extremely localised regions😋
@@peteredwards2318 yes, I popped in to say much the same - some regions of space are very hot. But they don't contain much heat due to the low density, so perhaps the excuse will stand.
Fun fact; the last stage in stellar fusion isn't iron, it's nickel, mainly nickel-56, an isotope with a half-life of about 6 days.
The silicon-burning phase of stellar fusion that makes it only lasts about a day, however, so it mostly decays to cobalt-56 then iron-56 in the supernova's ejection shell after things go boom(well, that which isn't converted to a stable nickel isotope via neutron capture during the supernova).
Yes, thank you! I remember going looking for the exact fusion chain one day and being blown away that it wasn't just "ends at iron"
Why people keep saying -fusing until iron, then it explodes?
@@BBBrasil Because the nickel is unstable and decays down to iron almost immediately, so no nickel sticks around
the thing that causes the collapse is that energy is used in the fusion rather than created so you don't have a force fighting against gravity (energy being released by fusion) and that causes the collapse as gravity wins the fight
the last stage in fusion isnt nickel, there is no end it just keeps going. higher elements will be made and just take energy rather than release it.
We are counting on you, Betelgeuse!
This narrator is good. Non-monotonous, conversational intonation, clear enthusiastic voice
And here I was just thinking they spoke too quickly for much of it... I was waiting for them to take a breath. 😮💨
Better than others on this channel for sure. Though the "non-binary" aspect is quite grating
@@bushmg1061 ok boomer
@@thomicrisler9855 Yeah it's way too fast. What's the rush?
Insane we can view some of these with just our eyes. Space is absolutely amazing
I am so happy for kids today. They have SciShow/x, Neil de Gras Tyson and so much else.
An improvement of caliber that eclipses what I had when I was growing up, TV... no internet.
We had Zoom, Sesame St., Electric Co. and that Time for Timer thingy on Saturday mornings cartoons.
Make use of this extensively, for yourself and those around you, especially the kids.
We still might drive ourselves to extinction, but at least we won't do it haphazard or blindly.
Don't worry, we still have *Zoom...* but the new incarnation is soul sucking.
Then you can imagine the future generation say a few thousands years from now that will experience things we can't even dream of today. It's like living in a cave drawing pictures on the cave walls vs sending angry tweets. Oh dear. Some things just doesn't feel as grand as like for example having been around 1006. The night sky must have been absolutely fantastic, just imagine seeing that light. To them it must have felt very religious, depending on where in the world they lived.
RUclips is one vile platform among many infested with rot your children will quickly subsume if left unattended. While the lower bar of entry has indeed enabled an explosion of worthy content, it has even more facilitated soul-sucking or radicalizing material.
At least the TV programs of old had to be greenlit by real humans. Kids can spend 7 hours on TikTok and barely notice, taking huge hits to their academic performance in the process. TikTok is merely the most effective vector at the moment for this, it will get steadily worse with time.
Sorry for soapboxing, can't help myself
The writing on these is exceptional - I learn so much!
Thanks for one of the clearest descriptions of pair instability supernovas, they're kind of confusing
Astronomers: Wait? There's more?
The Universe: This isn't even my final form
Space is awesome. And terrifying.
What I like about a pair instability supernova is it shows that matter-antimatter annihilations that produce two gamma rays isn't just a one way street. Two gamma rays can come together to produce a matter particle and an antimatter particle. It sort of shows that it isn't just E=mC². It is also m=E/C²
You didn't even mention kilanova, which are caused by two neutron stars colliding which typically produces a short gama ray burst as well as thousands of earth-masses of heavy elements, like gold, platinum and uranium. They also produce gravitational waves detectable by LIGO.
i love this!
after every time that was one of the largest explosions ever i hear a Voice from the off "But wait, there is more" ... omfg
I'm gonna assume the guy at the end that hung up the calendar, was out in his garage spraying some lacquer... Or sanding something.
What a ride.
Great job with the complex details of astrophysics that you put into a understandable way for people who don’t have a degree in astrophysics! Space is the most intriguing subject in science in my opinion, and I’ve studied physics and chemistry in college as a premed student. I wish I would have majored in astrophysics though…. Molecular biology turned out to be less than exciting for me…lol.
If Savannah isn't the most excited supernova enthusiast on this planet, there's an Oscar/Tony/Golden Globe awaiting future pickup.
But we watch. Unlike all those trash "awards" shows.
There's a difference between excited and frenzied. This was very fast and difficult to follow without slowing it down.
Heh- "Boom!" Adorable~
Neutrinos literally beats light in speed here.
"You can look at Earth's moon any day," That thing usually only comes out at night, though :(
Electron-Capture Supernova is my next band name. So cool we have historical depictions of that thing. Thanks so much for the content!
The Moon is clearly visible in the daytime. You should look up more often.
@@AndrewTBP Hi there Andy! Thanks for your suggestion, I actually enjoy looking at the sky quite often. In my extensive naked eye studies of it I have concluded that the moon does indeed usually come out at, or to be more literal, is most visible at, night.
You might be interested to note for your sky viewing pleasure that "The best times to see a daytime Moon are perhaps during the first and last quarter phases, when the Moon is high enough above the horizon and at about 90 degrees from the Sun in the sky", according to NASA. Hope you're enjoying your holidays and keep wearing those shades!
The moon makes 2 circuits of earth everyday guys.
@@jojofarley4511 ruclips.net/video/ZZ5LpwO-An4/видео.html
Yes, Space List.
I regret that i have but one like to give this video
I wonder how large nova the Orion's shoulder going to be, around a year passed since it gave the sights it about to go kaboom.
They figured out it was just obscured by dust
Cool!
I wish I can witness a supernova in my lifetime. Maybe Betelguese or something.
0:54: 💥 Supernovas are explosive cosmic events that occur when a star dies, and there are multiple ways in which this can happen.
2:31: 🌟 Supernovas are explosive events that can lead to the creation of planets and curious inhabitants.
5:07: 💥 Supernova 2007bi was a massive explosion that defied typical supernova behavior, with layers of heavy elements and no hydrogen or helium present.
6:58: ✨ The article discusses some of the brightest supernovae ever detected, including the supernova 2016aps and the supernova of 1006.
9:25: 💥 Astronomers study the supernova of 1006, which was likely a Type Ia explosion, and speculate on its origin.
Recap by Tammy AI
That's a great shirt
So do we got eyes on beetle juice n when it goes supernova its gonna be epic
MOON MOON!!!!!!
her voice sounds more normal at 0.75 speed
ESTUANS INTERIUS
IRA VEHEMENTI
ESTUANS INTERIUS
IRA VEHEMENTI
SEPHIROTH
SEPHIROTH
when are yall gunna put out a video on recurrent nova?
Hopefully soon! We have peer-reviewed studies of them.
That is not a type of nova. It when a nova is repeated. We know of many d-type stars that experience recurrent nova. It doesn’t require a whole video to understand, or peer review to justify.
@@gravitonthongs1363 it’s not just D type stars that nova. Hell, neutron stars in binaries nova anywhere from once a decade to once a century.
I am aware of the paper you’re referencing, and they fail to discuss anything more than a star blinking a few times before it dies.
There’s dozens of peer reviewed papers and I implore you to look more into it before you speak with such confidence, Mr. Dunning-Kruger.
@@theinsane4469 correct. stellar remnants. Our sun is not a stellar remnant.
I can pay for any paper to pass peer review. Publication by reputable source is a much more reliable form of reference.
I will take three Occam’s Razor pills to counter the dunning kruger. lol, conspiracy theorists are all the same.
@@gravitonthongs1363 I didn’t bring up stellar remnants. If you’re going to argue a topic, please be specific. I reference neutron stars accumulating material, and then shedding that material in a violent explosion, that many a scientist across astronomy would call a Nova. You’re correct, our sun isn’t a stellar remnant, it’s a G type, or a yellow dwarf star.
Yes, you can pay for it to be peer reviewed, even published in a prominent science publication, such as “Nature”, but if Ockham’s* Razor is going to save you, steer clear of any documentation past 536 BCE. To be more specific, Harvard did a multitude of studies in the late 1980’s and Cambridge has followed up on a lot of that research since then.
I have no idea what you’re referring to when you call me a conspiracy theorist. I see no conspiracy, science changes and shifts. Hell, homosexuality was a mental illness 30 years ago, now we have documented cases of it in quite a bit of nature. As a result, the general masses of scientists that research sexuality have accept that Homosexuality is entirely natural and probably a part of natural population control.
All I ask is that the publications be given the attention that tens of thousands of astronomers have worked so hard on, and that’s not specific to you, but more of a general request.
Best of luck on your research
I'm sorry 8:00 this sounds like there was a star that went "supernova" several times.
Way to wipe out a few solar systems jeez
Likely as not the first explosion wiped everything close by out. So no different than any other supernova.
On one hand, 11th century was right in the middle of the Dark Ages, not super fun times to be a random dude, probably a peasant slaving away in his lord’s feud… But on the other, 2 massive supernova sightings in the duration of a lifetime…. 🤷
I’m a little confused about light turning into subatomic particle pairs….isn’t light alright a subatomic particle? The photon?
The relevant definition is 'subatomic particle is a particle that composes an atom'.
Subatomic particle of matter. Photons aren't matter, they're energy, and in these instances the photons can become matter.
An electron and a positron are also subatomic particles. So two particles, two photons, combine to become two other particles, an electron and a positron.
@@xXFluffers -- Specifically m=E/C²
So.... No Champagne super nova?
Someday, smithereens will be a unit of measure., someday.
Astronomers are pretty good at naming things but something, somewhere would certainly fit the bill for "Horrendous Space Kablooie." I shall wait patiently until the day that HSK-#### properly hits the astronomy journals.
Tip of the hat to those who don't need Google to understand the reference. :)
Something from Futurama, right?
2007bi was bitchin!!!
⭐️
Do super novas destroy other stars in its path and if it does what does it do an how
I would guess if a star is close enough the shock wave of the supernova would tear that star apart. Sort of like how the shock wave from dynamite tears a building apart.
A hall of meres?
Mirrors
Playing her back at 0.75 makes her normal.
Thanks, Savannah~ 😉
Girl, can you talk any faster.... You need to slow it down a tad, you would be able show much more emotion and emphasis on the subject matter and it would be so much more pleasant to listen to. Thank you to Hank Green and all the scishow crew for coming up with such brilliant topics. Keep up the good work!
Love the new host. She's great at explaining this. 👏👏
Aren't they great! Their enthusiasm comes through so strongly and really makes it!
Slow down!
You sound like illuminaughtii
That's a compliment
Im not trying to be mean, but thanks...
Savannah is amazing, their voice is just so pleasing and their excitement is infectious
Love her voice, and she definitely pulls me in with her energy, but the speed at which she is talking is hard to keep up with for understanding.
A quick polite correction -- Savannah uses they/them pronouns!
This is kind of irrelevant. But, I'm confused on how light isn't matter, yet it can give force. Wouldn't something that's "massless" just go straight through things? I'm not a science denier, my brain is weird.
Matter and energy are interchangeable, they're different states of the same thing. I think, I don't know for sure, this is just the explanation I've always heard about general relativity.
When we say that stars are kept up via radiation pressure, we do not mean that atoms are bouncing off of photons. Photons can be ABSORBED by matter particles, boosting their energy and hot gas expands. Hot matter also glows, producing photons and lowering in temperature.
Stars need to keep fusing because they glow and leak energy. If you insulated one with a perfect mirror shell it wouldn't need to fuse, its own internal heat would support it. Pair production is troublesome since it essentially 'steals' some heat from the stat to make particle pairs.
ruclips.net/video/ueuwWiR-Dw4/видео.html
@@garethdean6382 Best down-to-earth explanation of this concept I have heard so far.
I know stars aren't made by gas but plasma, but pedantry aside, I can now better conceptualize this notion of gravity vs radiation pressure now ... thanks to you.
more savannah please!
Looking forward to the day humans cause supernovas.
Javik would be proud
Not being mean, i love this girl, does awesomely, but, l wonder if she talks that fast all the time? I hope she keeps hosting tho, very god at it!
You guys are my super nova!
Super novas or regular novas maybe even artificial nuclear bombs are best place to find wormholes or zero space bubbles. That quickly collapse in less then a nanosecond. An heroshema bomb might have mide a space time bubble the size of a pea for only a nanosecond
what are you talking about?
What do you mean by bad supernova? Are they not real super, not real nova. Or are you using the other sense of bad. Badly behaved, even verging on criminal?
Slow down when you’re talking, lady!
Savanah needs to slow down just a little bit. Love her enthusiasm, but it's not the right cadence compared to other SciShow hosts.
I like my shows hosted by a non-binary blob.
I really don't understand why is it necessary to talk so fast.
Would it be better for you to have a transcript not everybody understands the language as quickly as it can be spoken.
Don’t talk so fast.
Please speak a bit slower. You're rushing too much. It's hard to follow for non native speakers.
Your show is absolutely unbearable lol
Gross host
idiotic ignorant vile comment
Cry more :)
Wtf is wrong with you