This Animation Shows You How Small Atoms Really Are
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- Опубликовано: 27 июл 2024
- Atoms: The building blocks of everything around us. But how small are they? This animation will show you.
Sources:
www.researchgate.net/publicat...
book.bionumbers.org/how-big-is...
foresight.org/Nanomedicine/Ch...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_...)
Thanks for watching.
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Thanks for watching
Safe, brov
yeah i always watch your vids, they are really well made. thanks.
You’re welcome!
A very well done video, and differently than "The scale of the Universe"... both are very good, but you've given us a fairly comprehensive way to understand the measurements we're dealing with!!!
No problem homie
"1.4 x 10^-7 mm.....such a value is too abstract"
"700,000 too isn't necessarily conceivable"
Illustration; a human sausage 10 parsecs long
Ah, now it makes sense...
Zimmit's FunHouse Adventure yeah it’s delicious
tbh it would just be oxygen, hydrogen and carbon atoms, not even a sausage any more.
550 like and ye ye ye yd ye
I'm so confused. You say 700,000 and someone replied .14000000 mm. What? lol. It's 0.00000014 mm. You take the negative exponent and move the decimal to the left that many times. I dropped out of school in 9th grade and I know that.
my sosig is 10 parasec long hhah
6:37 "What if we put a human, obviously a bad one like a murderer or a lawyer, through a meat grinder." I died lol
Dunno why, but I immediately had that one particular scene from "Tucker & Dale vs. Evil" in my head :D
Were you a murderer or a lawyer?
Yes, me too... cause I am a lawyer...
Yeah that was a good one lol
Not a bad idea, eh?
So, what happened to that lawyer I sent to your sausage factory?
“Gone, reduced to atoms.”
That made me laugh so hard i woke up my neighbor one apt over . Probably too hard, given the subject matter.
IKR!? "What if we put a human, obviously a very bad one, like a murderer or a lawyer..." 6:38
So I couldn't resist sending this - with the time stamp of course - to my attorney's firm as well as to a few lawyer friends. (Hey, I'm a commercial advertising photographer; having lawyer friends almost comes with the job title by default! lol)
... and stretched to the next solar system. 4 times''
I used the justice system to destroy the justice system
Lawyers have a bad reputation everywhere
"Let's scale this in a fun way!"
*inserts the corpses of humans into a bloody meat grinder over and over to create an inconceivably long chain of fleshy meat for reference*
10/10 with the background animations.
@Smith Devil ???
Physics teachers are pretty dark. My high school physics teacher always referenced cows. Dropping them, hurling them, blasting them.
Dude had a personal vendetta against cows
@@althor9997 honestly quantum mechanics can be put this way, a cat is near a nuke, but if we open the box, that's when we'll know if the cat exploded or not, technically it's dead and alive simultaneously, like a lucky box, technically each item at the same time(cat and dead cat), but if you open it, you can either get unlucky, the cat exploded, or lucky, you get the cat
Hair...paint brush...sand...human meat grinder... that escalated quickly.
Well, he does sound German
@@Jonedcc as half a german i kinda take slight offense to that...
@@cherrydragon3120 n o b o d y c a r e s
Ever see llamas in hats?
you should look up that german biopsy doctor on youtube, he speaks english with a german accent and has a creepy hat whilst cutting open a body.
One remarkable aspect of atoms that is usually not adequately described is just how empty an atom is. Relatively speaking, the electron shells of an atom are an incredible distance from the nucleus, which is not very large itself. For example, if the nucleus of a helium atom was expanded to the size of a golf ball (42.7 mm in diameter) the two electrons of the helium atom, whose distance was also expanded the same proportion, would reside about 2.1 kilometers (1.3 miles) from the nucleus.
If Earth was at a proportional distance from the sun as the nucleus and electrons of helium, Earth would be about 465 times farther out (43 billion miles; 69 billion kilometers.)
Larger atoms are somewhat more compact, relative to nucleus size, but the distances between the electron shells and the nucleus would still be relatively enormous.
''If Earth was at a proportional distance from the sun as the nucleus and electrons of helium, Earth would be about 465 times farther out (43 billion miles; 69 billion kilometers.)'' This boggles my mind. Any source, please?
Thanks for that. That's amazing!
That's pretty amazing to think about! Wow!
Brilliant!
I should have scrolled down a bit before commenting. :)
Ant-Man : Made up of atoms.
Also Ant-Man : Can shrink to a size smaller than an electron.
If antman disintegrated while smaller than an atom, what would happen? Would there be dust particles smaller than an atom? Would he just vanish?
@@vbgvbg1133, well this is what doesn't really make sence in ant man movies. It's said that Ant-Man uses Pym particles to reduce lenght between atoms to get smaller while still maintaining same mass. But later on Ant-Man get to the size of atoms and even bellow that and that explanition stops making sence. a) In that point Ant-Man would colapse into a black hole. b) Just to get there, he would have to somehow shrink the atoms, which isn't explained in the movie. But it is still pretty cool movie so who cares :D
Tom Kocian Well the fact he becomes smaller than an atom makes no sense so would he disintegrate into particles that instantly go back to normal size?
@@vbgvbg1133 probs turn into quarks or something lol
Nathaniel Bird the thing is, quarks make atoms, but ant-man is smaller than an atom. Does this mean ant-man is no longer made of atoms?
*respect for the person who sacrificed his body to line up the atoms in his body across the universe...*
respect for the person who sacrificed his body to line up the atoms in his body across the universe... Respect the man even more that tried to count them, and was interrupted by his 3rd grader with "What is the value of PI to 6 characters" at about the 4 trillion mark.
Lawyer. No loss.
It was me. I'm fine.
@@modgrip805 Thank you for your service.
Awww not this guy again!
Shows Thanos screaming and then Antman moving atoms around.
"You've had my curiosity,but now you have my attention"
I'm sickened, yet curious.
"70 kilograms of human" made me chuckle for some reason
@Kung Lao LMAO
@Kung Lao What a burn
At the doctors, I give my weight as "120"...I tell nurse it's kilograms. She looks irritated...
Kung Lao false but funny lol
Kung Lao doubt
I love these kinds of videos and you did an excellent job of it.
But I should also say to anyone watching and is worried that they can't wrap their minds around this: don't worry, neither do we scientists.
For example, I'm a molecular neurobiologist and when I make my chemical solutions, a lot of the underlying quantities are not things I think about constantly. For example, I work with a molecular called ATP, which has a molar mass of around 507g/mol. What is a mole? In the same way every day people say "a dozen" to mean 12, a "mole" (symbol: mol) is a number: specifically 602 200 000 000 000 000 000 000 (6.022 x 10^23).
Basically, because atoms are so small, you can't really start working with amounts of it that makes sense on a human scale, with me literally weighing powder forms of ATP on a balance, before you get to ridiculously big numbers.
But when I'm making my calculations to prepare solutions for the experiment, I don't need to actually imagine 6.022 * 10^23 molecules of ATP in my mind. I just need to know the molar mass and perform my calculations.
Likewise, for physicists who work with astronomical objects that are millions of solar masses heavy, they don't try to imagine what it would be like to deal with the "weight" of a million suns. They make measurements and follow the math. And don't get me started on quantum physicists, where there is no every day intuition that can help you make sense of it. You have to make observations, describe it mathematically, and then see what other conclusions follow from the math and then test those predictions. But our every day intuition don't work there.
Both with the extraordinarily big and the extraordinarily small, mathematics becomes the extrasensory organ of scientists.
You gave a better explanation of what moles are than my high school chemistry teacher did, using that analogy about how everyday people use the term dozen and then broadening it out to an abstract number. if someone asked me what a mole was I would just say I don't know, until I read this comment.
That last sentence is fantastic. A perfect way to illustrate the immense usefulness of a discipline many students believe will not be useful to them.
Let me help you to get a clearer image:
The numbers of atoms you can fit in the volume of a walnut is approximately equal with the number of walnuts you can fit in Earth's volume.
fantastic ! And you did not make any sausages in providing the example nor spent my time splitting hair
That's a lot of walnuts...
Yeah this video was overly convoluted to pad out the run time
Your visual was far more effective and to the point. It might not be pinpoint-precise, but it doesn’t have to be. Atoms, walnuts, the earth. Done.
So in terms of scale orders of magnitude, that would make walnuts the halfway point between atoms and the planet.
A bad human like a murderer or a lawyer 😂
Me an aspiring law student: well he’s not wrong
resist the dark side of power. you can do it!
ZiSt1989 ＼＼\٩(๑`^´๑)۶//／／ world domination
The world shall be overrun by tiny female filipino lawyers
Just kidding hahaha or am I?
@@bealumbo “You must unlearn what you have learned.”
- Yoda
Leonardo Hernandez not that weird but why
Lol
'you'd need to shear off the hair of around 4 mil people'
military tribunal in Nuremberg wants to know your location
According to his accent, he is ze German, so he has it in his blood :D
Did they calculate in for bald people?
💀💀💀stopppp😂 that fucked me up
Its just absolutely mindblowing how such very small and simple things can make up more and more complex stuff, that at some point gets so complex that it starts thinking about the stuff the stuff is made of
so first you have thanos screaming in agony at 0:45 and then you blend in ant man... HMMMMM 🤔🤔🤔🤔
Thanos's anus getting destroyed atom by atom.
We're going to the quantum realm in this episode!😏
@@Singleraxis that.. was the funniest thing I saw this week!
Big End game spoiler over there...
THANAL
Best option for space travel. Deconstruct a human and build a bridge from his atoms to the nearest star! It's the perfect plan!!!
Worked for my people
How strong would that bridge be?
donate your body I will try that theory
Just make the bridge 4 atoms thick
@@heimdall1973 eh... no?
What's really mind boggling though, is that we tend to think of an atom as a solid, when in actuality, the nucleus is the only solid part, and the nucleus of the atom only makes up a tiny fraction of an atoms structure.
An atom is actually mostly empty space.
AND even more mind boggling when you realize that even the nucleus isn't really solid, just that the repulsive weak and strong nuclear forces there get so strong that things don't get through it easily (well the weak force is repulsive, strong force is attractive if you can first overcome the weak, i.e nuclear fusion). ANYWAY lol, the nucleus is really mostly empty as well, a region containing not solid material but more like an area of mostly stationary quantum energy fields that mathematically define what we observe as the physical properties of the protons and neutrons. So matter is an illusion and we are all coherent energy fields, and yes I realize i'm just agreeing with your statement and being a derp =D.
Me: *Blows vapor molecules off of the table*
“Atom?!”
0:43 Ant Man defeats Thanos by tearing his molecules apart.
The molecules in Thanos's ass
One by one? Might take a while..
"Roughly 390 Billion carbon atoms fit on a cross section of a human hair"...That got the point across better than any of the other examples/visualizations for me. Great video though, every bit of it :)
he said 700,000...not 390 billion...some people are destined to be trapped in their own little worlds forever. unable to see real facts...like Fox news much??
@@philtripe 700,000 is the diameter... Not the cross section. Some people are just so caught up in being snobby and intelligent that they don't even read thoroughly what they are criticizing...
@stickloaf you just got roasted so hard it's not even funny.
@@philtripe Fox News is great. They actually report truth.
Imagine a 600lbs super obese person they probably have enough atoms to stretch the visible universe.
they're the dark matter that keeps the universe stable
Quick math. To reach across the observable universe, the person in question would need to weigh about 200 billion kg =)
@@888Grim well if we take a little more than 1 billion people, we could make it across the universe :)
Me: Oh cool, I'm a visual learner, this video should be really neat and help me learn!
Me 2 seconds later: Oh. Math. *whoosh*
The sound effect used at 9:14 for the circle graph things remind me so much of the "Units recieved" from No man's sky
or the computer sound in incredibles
Yep totally does sound like it :3
This video was very well done. I appreciate the succinct objectivity, and also the translation to American units. That was helpful. Thank you for making this available.
6:38
"What if we put a human... obviously a very bad one like a murderer or a lawyer ...through a meat grinder...and rolled them out ..thinner and thinner.."
LOL , loved it.
Want to travel arround the world?
No problem, I´ll start the meat grinder!
Adams, the building blocks of life.
Great video, but there’s something I should point out: this video doesn’t completely do atoms justice, since 99.9% of an atom is empty space. This means that most matter is actually empty space - cramming together all the nuclei makes incredibly dense objects, as seen on neutron stars
True, but the electron shells are a part of the atom, and this video focuses on atoms. Interestingly, if you dig deep enough, every fundamental particle is pretty much "empty space" with no physical size. A proton for instance consists of gluons and quarks which again are only abstract points that possess mass, charge etc. due to different quantum field vibrations.
Two atoms are running late for something , they accidentally bump into each other, one of the
atoms says "oh man I lost an electron" the other asks "are you sure"? The first atom responds "I'm posotive".
meh
Just found this channel.brilliant work! Subbed
Just found you. You did an amazing job at helping me visualize the size of an atom. Thank you for making such a wonderful video albeit the dark humor of the human sausage. Subscribed!
WOW... just wow ! About 2/3 of the way through, this video got REAL DARK ! !
LOL Love It though !
‘A murderer or a lawyer’ haha, great stuff
Thanks for this very well-explained and amazingly-well animated video! Could you do the same for electrons' size please (neutrino or quark size would be great too)? It's a lot to ask but that would make amazing content!
As soon as the screen showed that a string of all the atoms in the human body would be 32 light-years long I just started laughing uncontrollably. Absolutely insane!
But even if you "atomic stringed" the entire population of the human race you still wouldn't have enough atoms to circle the observable universe ( however if you added the "atomic strings" of every chicken on earth you will just make it!)
@@graphite2786 So i should eat more factory farmed chicken? Awesome! Om nom nom
"obviously a very bad one, like a murderer or a lawyer" *hits like button
This blows my mind. Thanks form posting this video! It’s beyond amazing
Good now make a video about how many quarks,the smallest building blocks in the universe, are in a human body.
Zero. Wrap your fuckin head around that shit
WRONG, its the strings.
@@emmanuelhoule8070what are strings ???
@@mrotola28 string theory
Such a clear, well thought out explanation.
Amazing Video, can't wait for this channel to grow into the millions. Keep going!
Your videos are an insanely remarkable effort to inform & educate. So please keep them coming & thank you so much you Legend 💪🏽💪🏽💪🏽💪🏽💪🏽
Everytime I thought I got it, you explained it in a whole different way and made me lose it again.
Please do a video on the permutations in a single deck of cards (8.065...e^67) and compare this number as you did in this video, (ie the volume of all the permutations combined to the size of the known universe, etc). I think this would make for a great, mind-boggling video, since we all are familiar with a deck of cards but yet the astonishing number of permutations are beyond the capacity of the human mind!
You - good sir - are a nerd's nerd!! 👑
I thoroughly enjoyed this video! 👍🏽
After watching your rogue wave video and hearing the detail you go into I had to sub :D keep it up dude¡!¡ ❤️
I just loved the way you presented this. Informative, and humorous at the same time.
Sooooo.... In theory if I stretched out my atoms I could reach Alpha centuri without actually leaving earth.
Rogal Dorn and back, 4 times
Another aspect you might try/use is to describe the weight of an atom. How many atoms does it take to be the weight of a human hair or the weight of a grain of sand, things like that. Then, explain how long of a chain they would be if stretched out. Thanks for the video.
Very well made video, great content! Thank you :)
love your videos!! please continue to make them!
Fascinating - thanks. For years I have been trying to picture this, especially this. When I found out that there was "one" Carbon 14 Atom, in 1 Trillion Carbon 12 samples, I wondered how tough it was to find a needle in a haystack. Then when I found out that bones are calcium, and not carbon, I questioned even more. When I was led down the path of tooth enamel, and then found it was only partially carbon, and the sample size to get a rational date with enough Carbon atoms could only date back about 7 1/2 life's, at 5,700 per life, I started realizing the size of the sample each magnitude must need to read, and how implausible some of these age estimates on dino bones were. Knowing the +/- estimates of minute amounts like this, this turned from a science to a poorly constructed experiment to me. Then adding the fact that they are measuring this in impure calcium carbonate, it brought a lot of questions. Any chance you could do a mockup of a true sample size necessary to get a 6th half-life projection size needed to measure Carbon 14 - to Carbon 12, knowing you can't have a half C-14 atom.
And yet after watching the whole video....
I’m still confused 😐
stop taking your pills. might help you in some way
This is great! Thanks for the videos, keep it up!
Keep these coming; very entertaining and interesting
Love the "theoretical shenanigans"! Keep it coming!
Funny how the largest known celestial object in the universe would take a commercial airliner 1,100 years to travel around just one time, yet a single drop of water contains roughly six sextillion atoms.
Now imagine the total number of atoms in the universe.
I couldn’t even begin to fathom a number that large.
Total number of atoms in the Universe : between 10⁷⁸ and 10⁸²
@@kloug2006
nah it's ∞, because with Universe literally growing to infinity it springs new atoms into existence
@@mr.knightthedetective7435 This estimation is for the "observable" Universe.
@@mr.knightthedetective7435 how infinite? explain.
@@mr.knightthedetective7435 Nope, it is the space-time fabric that expands, so the distance between the atoms is simply increased, no new ones are created, otherwise one of the most important laws of physics would break: nothing is created, nothing is destroyed.
What an awesomely nicely put-together video! Thank you. Well done!! 🙂
Fun fact: The volume of the average atom is approx. 1 Quadrillion times larger than its nucleus, that's 10^15th power, basically inconceivable. What is matter, really?
I love the narration of this video sooo much. His voice is so hypnotic and intriguing!
He sounds like Kurzgesagt to me.
Hypnotic like nails on a chalkboard.
Ach! Schwarzie ist gut...
Does 9:02 look familiar... I think I saw this on Vsauce! I think Vsauce talked about this graph in his language video, and how common each word is used in the English language...
**Oh well...***
Amazing! Thank you for dumbing it down for regular people!
Incredibly well done video! Amazing animation. Thank you.
So this video made me realize that atoms aren't as small as I imagined.
Then how small did you think they were?
My Question. What are the atoms made of? 😂
Quarks. Gluons. Various other subatomic particles.
That's a much more complicated question
I live how a school of Ancient Greek philosophers figured out the existence of atoms through sheer deductive reasoning.
I love how he puts murderers and lawyers into the same category (CAT IS GORY)
Another way of scaling and visualising atoms is in terms of an average cell:
Many of us have seen at least pictures or even looked at cells under a microscope. Take a cell and scale it up to your room, so you are sitting inside of a cell now. Fill your room with grains of rice, each of them represent a protein. Now fill all the gaps between the rice grains with sand - each grain of sand is an atom. There are no numbers, so it might be easier to visualise.
Instructions unclear - cells stuck in ass
Bruh. Is your channel called 'theoretical shenanigans'? Because that's what I thought when I heard the video closure xD
I wouldn't mind it :v
I think what you did was brilliant! Not only showed how small atoms were, but just how far our nearest star was, wow!
*watches universal scale* : I am smol 🙁
*watches subatomic scale* : I am giant 🙂
FiM: thats enough to stretch the distance between earth to sun and back...
me: * disappointed *
FiM: 1 million times.
me: * leaves room *
why can't we just use VR sets to shrink ourselves slowly until we see the atom? I think that would make it clear
We can. As a 3Dcg artist i can tell you right now we can 3D model and animate literally anything. As long as you have time on your hands you can make anything photorealistic as well. So there's no way to tell its not real life but rather computer graphics. And of course anything you can make with 3Dcg you can put into VR using goggle technology. So theres no reason at all why you couldnt do that
Hahaha, superb. You've won the interweb today. "A very bad one like a murderer or a Lawyer". Class.
Mind:Blown
Thanks for such a fantastically well put together video.
Never expected this video would end in a murder 😱
I know right! He even tried to hide the evidence by spreading him out from the sun to alpha centauri and back 4 times. But then he confessed on RUclips, disturbing world we live in.
you must have a bad experience with lawyers haha...
and murderers
wow - that was surprisingly interesting - but you really got me at the part "a bad person - like a murderer - OR LAWYER" ... ok, kudos for that one =D
Wow, nice demonstration and work on this video- thanks.
Das hat mir tatsächlich geholfen, die Größe eines Atoms besser zu verstehen, auch wenn man es sich kaum vorstellen kann. Danke.
jetzt kannst du es vorstellen, freund
Si señor pepper. Gracias, mi amigo :)
Et je dirai même plus : à vos souhaits !
@@altairel-ghoul6802 was ist das, französisch?
@@senorpepper3405 Ja. Warum?
Space is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist, but that's just peanuts to space.
I've seen this quote before. Where is it from?
Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. It's a silly science fiction novel that's so classic it is often quoted.
I often cite this quotation, it's one of my favourites.
... Douglas Adams.
Then along comes Edwin Hubble who adds "and it's getting bigger all the time!"
"A human being has roughly 100,000 hairs."
Jean-Luc Picard: "Am I joke to you?"
Very intriguing information. Well explained. Thanks for making this video!
TL:DR atom = smol boi
its a minor nit-pick, but the 390 billion number does not account for packing efficiency. it would be more like 350 billion at 91% packing efficiency (max for circles).
Except the edge of the circle isn’t rigid so they kind of squish togetherlike squares lol
@@prepperjonpnw6482 I'm pretty sure that's not how that works.
John Hoffman i’m pretty sure you have never taken chem. Carbon forms six bonds. And atoms are not “circles”, nor are they spheres. So yes squares, rather cubic...near 100% efficiency.
@@AUXdrone I was a chemical engineering major for 2 years before switching to computer engineering. I've taken more than my fair share of chemistry (and materials science which covers packing efficiency of, you guessed it, atoms!)
also, how do you go from six bonds (lending itself to being hexagonal like graphene) to squares? atoms may not be spherical, bit they're more spherical/circular than not.
John Hoffman ok, so carbon prefers a tetrahedral pattern for one, i got that wrong.
So if you took your fair share of chem then you know that valence shells are more of an approximation of where the electron may be than a rigid bubble. First off i am thinking three dimensionally, not two dimensionally. And again, Prepperjon was essentially right, consider the structure of diamond. It consists of eight carbon atoms, arranged in, you guessed it...a cuboid pattern. Also, considering that covalent bonds are sharing pairs of electrons, like carbon does, they do “squish” together as well. Though squishing would be a less than ideal descriptor.
Again, electrons can be anywhere at any time. So the sphere is more of a suggestion of possibilities.
Added: since atoms are overwhelmingly free space this efficiency we would like to attribute to them is irrelevant when talking about anything other than a neutron star or gravitational singularity.
This video literally fucks me up worse than a bad hang over, it’s impossible to actually comprehend
liked, subscribed! you are just as good as Kursgezaght!
"1 cubic meter" shows 1 m^2 🤔
The 1 m² probably refers to the area of any side of the cube.
@@antred11 That's what i tought, pretty funny nonetheless.
no one:
facts in motion: human sausage
Interesting way of looking at this subject. Thanks!
Keep up the good work!
That was an amazing visualization and became unexpectedly dark LOL
These are good illustrations of the scale of the atom, and its proportion to small things.
I don't think it's useful to the innumerate. It quickly becomes too abstract.
The part where you make every atom in a grain of sand the size of the grain of sand--that's compelling.
But you're trying to educate innumerate viewers. They aren't going to suddenly be comfortable with exponential notation.
A video like this should dumb it down as much as possible without insulting the viewer.
Gotta disagree with you, it’s science. Dumbing it down any further would be watching pop science.
The 'space' between sub atomic particles is 'relatively' significant itself. This means that what is shown in the video does not actually depict the actual scale of 'distance' between the nucleus of one atom with another. It's further apart than what was shown. There is a 'large gap' between each atomic nuclei even in the most dense matter.
Amazing work. Love it! 👏🏻
"A very very bad one, like a murderer or a lawyer." that's a pretty strong juxtaposition.
probably a defence lawyer
Great narrator, interesting subject-with FAR too many damn commercial interruptions:(
So glad this came across my suggested videos. Totally using some of these in my junior high science classes.
I am reminded of "The Galaxy Song" from Monty Python's "The Meaning of Life."
Except that that one explores bigger things whereas this video explores smaller things and only uses bigger ones to see how small things scale up.
And pray that there's intelligent life somewhere out in space
'Cause there's bugger all down here on Earth
That comment is the biggest way of making the smallest sense I've seen since the last time I watched CNN. 'Cause there's bugger all down here on Earth! @@heimdall1973
@@ZenZaBill That's the end of The Galaxy Song.
Yep. I do recall that from when I saw the movie in the early 80s in the movie theater. Doh. People were ridiculing the people leaving when Mr. Creosote started puking. Folks just don't "get" Brit humor outside of the Empire... not even at 900 million miles an hour. @@heimdall1973
I was too young then to get it or comprehend it then but I saw it properly in 2000s, and that prompted me to get all the songs and I even found an analysis of the facts The Galaxy Song presents. And of course, I like the end of the song, too.