I do feel like there could have been a slight mention of the treaty ports, maybe just on the map or something. They were a pretty significant factor at the time too.
Haha, yeah. Misses a bit of nuance because of it but its imoossible to dive into everything in 3 mins. it can be argued that the war of independence wasn't "won"; also, I remember seeing somewhere that Presbyterians as well as catholics were discriminated against at some point....
"When I told the people of Northern Ireland that I was an atheist, a woman in the audience stood up and said, 'Yes, but is it the God of the Catholics or the God of the Protestants in whom you don't believe?" -Quentin Crisp
@@sumomanify It's till pretty good. It took me three years at university to cover what he did in three minutes (we didn't have time for the Civil War there either!).
It’s worth mentioning, the plantations were actually the 3rd phase of a lot of plantations. Mary I attempted to plant the midlands to basically no success Elizabeth I attempted to plant the south west (Munster) to very limited success James planted ulster leading to a very Protestant northern area of ireland Cromwell attempted to plant the east (Leinster) and was famously cruel about it. “To hell or to Connacht” he said, telling people to go to the western province (with significantly poorer soil quality and much higher rainfall, which partially created the conditions that led to the Famine) or die.
@@Skorpychan Connacht was the worst hit area in Ireland during the Great Famine, the Great Famine was caused by two main factors ... dependence of potato because the Irish were pushed out of the better soil and then the arrival of Phytophthora infestans, that being blight. It wasnt that crops failed, it was the Irish were depended on potato crops that were now failing due to blight, other crops were not affected.
Also Ulster settlement between it and Scotland went both ways many times over at least 1000 years back to Ulaid (which took western Scotland), and many if not most of those "settlers" through that history was private. Ie not under state orders. But mostly focused to Antrim and Down. Saying that Glaswegian settlers took a large section of Donegal but I believe they were unconnected to the rest of them
@@morganpritchard4177 It was because of Edward VIII and his abdication that the Irish were able to maneuver themselves out of any connection to the UK.
It’s also worth noticing a third thing, not just land. In 1921, while the war was about to end, they created northern and Southern Ireland. But one thing that was skipped over was a third reason they kept Northern Ireland. It was far more industrial than the rest of Ireland, if you look at a railway map of Ireland from 1920, then you can see easily where Industry was, Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland was the biggest ship producing port in all of the UK during ww1, it was vital for the war effort. So keeping Belfast meant whether or not they would be able to have a strong navy. It was massively industrial, producing war uniforms with linen mills across the country, along side many British weapon factories, etc etc. The point I’m making is, Northern Ireland was an industrial powerhouse. Think of it as Ireland’s Rhineland
@@ellidominusser1138 Probably also because it was a major investment by the British Empire. I've read somewhere that it's not so much a religion issue as an economic issue.
@@ellidominusser1138 if you read the comment you wouldve realised that *i think* the original commenter said that northern ireland was more industrialised then parts of britian
He already did, sort of, in the Cuban intervention in Angola video. But yes, a video on how Portuguese got flexed on by Communists so hard they nearly became Communist themselves would be neat.
@@Psytinker I just think it's amazing a country as tiny and as obscure as Portugal could manage a decades long Vietnam-level war in four theaters across Africa with little to no support and only lose due to the fall of the Estado Novo.
not forgetting that both USSR and USA were fighting on the same side against Portugal in all of those African countries and still Portugal only gave the colonies away when dictactorship finished, being one of the last european countries to lost its african colonies
@@conserva-chan2735 All sorts of interesting touches: the flechas and the thousands of Katangan rebels who crossed over to join the Portuguese rather than accept Congolese rule being stand-outs to me. And yeah, the big-picture fact that in contrast with the French and Americans (and arguably the British), the Portuguese actually managed to win in Angola and were on the way in Mocambique, despite having a metropole about the size of New Jersey.
@@henryhill4289 it was because the African Portuguese colonies existed way before the scramble for Africa and were considered an integral part of Portugal, so the cultural attachment for both the Portuguese in Europe and the Africans culturally identifying with Portugal was far stronger than any other colony in the world. I guarantee if anything had been different(foreign support from NATO, Estado Novo holding out longer) Portugal would have kept the colonies.
It is TBF! the one thing he did miss that was important in my opinion. Was the fact Sinn Fein abstained from Westminster. Hence Unionits we’re unopposed there for the government or Ireland act 1920.
History Matters, I don't know how you did it, but you pulled off an informative, well researched & very sensitively written (not to mention replete with the Hail Mary in Irish, and what I believe is a portrait of Roger Casement?) video on a very complex, nuanced and highly contentious period of history. Absolutely marvelous work, sir- this Irishman with a history degree appreciates your work & proclaims you A Decent Lad!
Agreed, was worried as a Norn Irish lad, when I saw the video come up, but have to say, you've done it very well indeed for 3 and a half mins. Gives me great confidence going into your other videos of places I'm not informed about.
"Quick and not very professional" One, who was too injured to stand, was tied to a chair and shot. Also another one was not an actual leader, but a brother of a leader. William (Willy) Pearse, brother of Patrick Pearse. In a famous letter Patrick wrote to their mother "Atleast after I'm executed, you'll still have Willy." (Para phrasing) Only for his brother to be in the cell next to his waiting for his own execution.
Also they executed Francis Sheehy-Skeffington without trial and he was 1) not affiliated with any group participating in the Rising 2) a strict pacifist 3) trying to organize citizens to prevent looting at the time of his arrest
Symbolic murders are always so memorable, and particularly botched ones. Though the resent troubles that seem to have had no useful strategic effect, saw over 2000 killed by the IRA, who killed by far the largest number of Catholics, and at a 2-1 ratio to the other forces in the field. Bombs and torture being so clean. As a Nazi said of his IRA allies in an earlier time: "muddle headed dreamers with no strategic realism".
Having glanced at the comments, it seems you haven’t sparked outrage while still summarising the whole lot in three and a half minutes. This is an achievement for the ages.
“Just a friendly reminder that if one tries really hard, even countries can burn. That’s not a threat or anything but if you pass this silly home rule act we’ll be very upset and we can all discover what Britain looks like on fire. How fun.” Never before have I seen such a well-crafted document.
@Wes That seems to be a recurring theme in history. Governments pass unpopular laws despite public concerns or outrage and protests. Then act all surprised when the protests turn into violent riots. 😛
In soccer northern Irish people can play for the republic if they choose to do so. Both James McClean and Shane Duffy are from Derry NI and play for the republic
@@foltgameeing how Northern Ireland by right is Irish. It’s occupied by people who were paid to live on the land and strip it from the traditional Irish Catholics, using them either as slaves or tenants to their own land or sending them to poorer lands in Connaught, hence “to hell or to Connaught”.
@@seanorourke9027 It was occupied centuries ago. Those people have now settled for generations and are Northern Irish. Forcing them into the republic against their will or democratic mandate, or replacing them with the "rightful" Irish Catholic landowners, is just as morally bankrupt as what happened when their ancestors first occupied that land. If we determined modern borders based on the historical "rights" of the first peoples to settle the lands then millions would be displaced and many modern nations would cease to exist. Northern Ireland by right is British, and that will only change by democratic mandate.
@@kjamison5951 they're Americans and Canadians of (at least some) Irish descent who have a very proud and pro-ireland culture, but their culture is mostly divorced from actual Irish culture and have no real connection to the island other than a couple ancestors, and most Irish feel that they're really weird from what I understand. They usually boil down Irish culture to "green thing" and "alcohol" they use Irish stereotypes to say that they're Irish
As I found out earlier today at the time of partition Ulster (mainly Belfast) produced about 80% of Irish GDP. The Presbyterian Ulster Irish thought that their wealth was going to be used to finance the Catholic state and didn't want any part of that deal. They were probably correct but the partition did mean that both sides of the border doubled down on their respective positions making union harder than ever.
Yes, Belfast was more populous than Dublin and pretty much all industry was around Belfast, although the Dublin/S Irish economy had been prospering up to WWI. Which is why the IRA weren't particularly popular. Another fact not talked about is NI provided more troops to WWI than any part of the UK, seen as a show of loyalty. In essence Britain and Ireland were faced with a situation similar to the US civil war. An industrialised, wealthy North not wanting to join the South. Although the South had the population, ~2.5 v 1.5M.
@@josm1481 Difference is is that the position between the two has reversed the republic is wealthier than the north nowadays due to a number of reasons(mainly deindustrialisation and the troubles)
Those Ulster Scots failed to realize though that they were settling on stolen land,also for centuries native Catholic Irish couldn’t sell land,hold political office and many more were driven from their homes in Ulster during the plantation.
When was Churchill not drunk? The empire he came to rule was crumbling all around him and got progressively worse daily. His city was being constantly bombed and was desperate for any reprevie and small amount of help to keep his tiny island from being taken over. I would be drunk to.
As an Irish person I was skeptical when I clicked play… I am shocked that you managed to actually summarise this quite well in 3mins. So many more small details involved but great job. Hopefully we will see a united Ireland in my lifetime
As a canidian who is decended from ulsterman.......why anyone TODAY would want to be associated with England baffles me......constant survalience, getting jailed for Facebook posts, "grooming" gangs that freely roam the streets, not being able to own firearms or even knives. I'd say England has lost her ways and isn't even a shell of her former glory. Now it's government treats its own people like it did its colonial subjects.... I guess because it's run out of other people to harass and subjugate? Idk. Whole thing is rather bizarre tbh
Fantastic video that covers most of the history in a short period of time. I also love the use of Irish (Sé do bheatha a Mhuire, which means Hail Mary), to demonstrate the Catholicism of Irish people at the time. Its a very tough and controversial thing to talk about, yet you managed to cover it very accurately in an objective fashion. I love your content and have been watching it for years, but I must say I really love your ability to show Irish History in an objective manner (Some many English Historians struggle to do to this day).
Irish historians do not tell it correctly either, Most Pieces from Irish Historians on the troubles constantly seem to neglect the acts of terrorism done by the IRA and the fact that to this day Ireland protects IRA members who have committed rape and murder
What do you mean at the time the Catholics in Ireland are still terrorists we keep having to arrest them for plotting to bomb and shoot northern Irish people
I've been looking into Irish history, particularly in the North, and the impression I get is that it was a long time building, the sequence of events that ultimately led to not only the creation of Northern Ireland, but longer term the Republic of Ireland. Three Home Rule Bills were proposed (of which two failed and the third passed in 1914 but was not implemented because of the outbreak of WW1) before the Government of Ireland Act was passed in 1920.
As someone who loves history and has ADD, I want to thank you. You get to the point, don't put too much fluff, and make your videos accurate and short. This let's me enjoy your history lessons over other's here on YT. Thanks for the great content!
Would have been even greater irony to mention that when the 1916 Easter Rising happened, Home rule had already been passed 3 times in the british House of Commons. According to the paliament act of 1911, the House of Lords could no longer veto this bill. Home rule was supposed to receive the royal assent and become effective. However, WW1 meant that the implementation was postponed since most thought the war would be quick. Initially the 1916 rising wasn't popular for that exact reason, most Irish folk were already waiting for the autonomy they asked for and was already guaranteed. Contrary to popular belief at that time, full independence was only sought after by a political minority of those i.e. those who took part in the 1916 rising. At the immediate end of the rising, those who took part in it were unpopular because it was thought they were betraying those irish soliders fighting WW1 for Britian and the Home rule autonomy they were promised.
Thats fascinating, so it would be possible for both sides to still remain apart of the home nations (atleast temporarily) if the war had been postponed?
@@Connor-jl9gq in an alt history, home rule was granted, and up to this day ireland still is under the uk which is more commonly known as great britain, though there are recent tensions about independence similar to whats happenning with scotland
@@Connor-jl9gq perhaps tensions might have kept rising and delayed the problem later... But at the time, home rule was certainly what was expected for tge majority of the Irish people. The 1911 parliamentary act was actually motivated by the King who saw the Lords continuing to veto home rule as anti democratic
@@charlestonianbuilder344 I would think Ireland would have already broken away fully, especially given the amount of decolonisation that happened after ww2. Possibly without any civil war and possibly without any partition, but very possibly with a lot more German air raids circa 1940, and a lot more world war memorial statues throughout the country. Scotland only got a watered down version of home rule in 1999, and has been chewing the scenery in anticipation of full independence ever since.
The more I read Irish history I’m starring to think the rebels got impatient , but I suppose who could blame them , ww1 could have lasted 30 years as far they knew
The short version is: "Contrary to popular belief, successionism was far from universal in Ireland. The areas where many residents had friends/family in Britain opted to stay part of Britain."
@@lordgemini2376 same here in England. The there are real Irish and there are pretender's, who pop out of the woodwork on St Patrick's Day. Only to disappear again as soon as they appeared. 😆
Guys! I just had a nightmare. I got to the end of a History Matters video and James Bisonette was not a Patreon supporter! I know, I know, it would never happen but it still shook me to my core just thinking about it.
Very impressive. I did a history exam in Ireland today, and i had a paragraph dedicated to this. The one thing you did miss (a small thing to be fair) Was the fact Sinn Fein abstained from Westminster. Hence Unionists we’re unopposed there for the government or Ireland act 1920. Successfully partioning the country while Sinn Fein MP’s were in jail, in the run, in hiding or abstaining
Well, it also missed a few specifics of the Home Rule saga, but yeah, it would have been nice to touch on SF abstentionism, given it still holds til today. For years, we had an MP who abstained, but still drew the pay. Drove me mad, no matter the justification.
Rampantly inaccurate. only 1 SF TD abstained from the 1st & last southern parliaments only vote to ratify the treaty. The unionists won 40 seats in NI & 4 in the Free State. I garuntee you've failed that exam with an answer like this. Sorry to break it to you. The 4 free state unionists along with 1 SF MP abstained. Nothing was decided at westminister. The 40 northern Unionist MPs boycotted the vote & 12 seats in NI went to nationalists, 6 to Irish Parlimentary Party candidates & 6 to Sinn Fein. Of the 6 NI seats won by SF 5 had stood for election in the south also so they also voted on the partition. Labour & Farmers party had stood aside in the preceeding election to not muddle the vote but rewon their seats in the election that happened right after the civil war. The 125 SF TDs voted to accept the treaty by a 7 vote majority. The anti treaty walked out & the 125 minus the 6 home rulers & 46 unionist MPs transferred automatically into the 2nd Dail by default which ran consecutively with the first/last southern parliament. There was absolutely zero chance of any other form of democratic result. The pro treaty SF had a clear majority & if the other home rule nationalists had rowed in to back ant treaty. The 46 unionists would have voted too & made the pro treaty result go from a clear yes to an overwheming yes. Stop rewriting history.
@@scintillam_dei as a NI man, don't walk into anglophobia. Yes you can be proud to be Irish but dont misunderstand that for hate of the UK or England or whatever. We have a strong, shared history and like most places in the world, its mixed between bad and good history. :) have a good day
Worth noting that the leaders of the unionist movement during the home rule crisis actually considered themselves Irish, not British, but a distinct protestant Irish, and held the conviction that it was a patriotic Irish stance to be pro-union. Edward Carson is a good example of this but pretty much all the leaders of the ulster covenant believed this. Today there's definitely more of a British identity sentiment among the northern unionists, but that came about after the establishment of Northern Ireland.
Out of curiosity would you rather Ireland be united ? I'm an American myself and from what little I read it seems the Brits screwed over the Irish But this video makes it seem like Northern Ireland was more pro British then I originally believed
@@deadlyta It’s a highly debated topic over here, I myself personally don’t really care, but you find people who are extremely loyal to the idea of the UK and people who are extremely loyal to the idea of a United Ireland
@@deadlyta Most people were pro-Britain but when you pissed people off for a long time back in the old days they would actually do something about it. Northern Ireland will be in the UK almost indefinitely since nobody really gives much of a shit anymore. There's people all over with an opinion but nobody really cares enough to do anything about it anymore. Like anyone who wanted to fight eventually died in their own war and the population thats left are all too pussy.
Few tidbits: - Home Rule in some circles was seen as a restoration of the Irish Parliament, which had existed in the Kingdom of Ireland before the Act of Union in 1801 folded it into Westminster. - Catholic emancipation in the 1830s was welcome, but there were concerns that even with this, direct rule from London had all sorts of inefficiencies for handling Irish issues. Like the famine. - The Home Rule movement really gained traction as a result of the famine. Potato Blight wasn't an Irish-only issue, other European countries struggled with it, yet Ireland far and away suffered the worst from it, and it was believed distant British mismanagment both before and during the crisis contributed to its severity. - Ireland wasn't officially independent after 1922. It was a Dominion, on the same level as Canada. It took further reforms in 1937 and 1949 to truly gain independence. Also this is extremely technical, but the whole of Ireland was part of the Dominion, but what would become Northern Ireland had the option to opt out of it and back into UK membership, which they exercised one day later. I could go further with them, but much like you have I shall show restraint. Story for another day. - Trivia: In the 1920s the US Had colour-coded names for War Plans with different countries. War with the British Empire was War Plan Red, with theaters of the war being different shades of red like Scarlet, Ruby etc. In this plan, Ireland was Emerald
Sayin London had inefficiencies handling "Irish issues" "like famine" is such a skewed way of portraying what happened. Their British overlords forced monocropping and forced the exportation of many other crops besides potatoes thus grtly worsening a potato blight. And then the British actively failed to do anything to help Ireland thru the famine and instd actively punished Irish ppl to a grter extent and created forced workcamps that didnt provide even the calories to replace the energy used working; and required ppl to either go work there or starve. They even refused to let any other countries donate more than the British monarch had to help out the suffering Irish ppl so that the Brits wud appear to be helping the most. Actually look up the stories of that great famine, and of other famines caused by British neglect and outright abuse of native ppl.
@@SylviaRustyFae You're not wrong, British handling of the famine was an utter failure from a humanitarian view. But as a Norn Iron I'm trying to keep my biases in mind.
@@RmsOceanic As someone who doesnt live in Ireland rn bcuz my family was driven outta Ireland by those exact things; i opt not to be neutral on this bcuz gods damnit i shud be living on the Emerald Isle, not in the melting pot that saw my ppl as like third-class white ppl when we first came here >.>
I love how you say "it is believed" like there's a chance British colonisation didn't cause the famine... and it wasn't so much mismanagement as a deliberate continuation of the exploitation of Ireland
@@SylviaRustyFae Your family was the exact reason that Ireland had suffered so hard during the famine. All of Europe was suffering from the potato blight however Ireland had an huge dependence on potatos. Most Irish either moved to England or to the US during the famine, only worsening conditions as there was now a lack of people to farm other crops and to help transport food sourced from England into inland Ireland. An often overlooked part of the famine is that the British government did provide an relief effort, in fact the largest in history up to that date. They even bought a fuck ton of grain etc from the US (buying food from foreign nations to alleviate an local famine was near unheard of during those days). Especially when in this time period most countries didn't even try anything to alleviate famine unless it was nationwide. Also you aren't Irish, you're an American and your lucky to live there. Ireland was literally one of the poorest and most religiously Conservative nations in Europe up until a few decades ago. In theory every American other than those who where originally there before Europeans came from somewhere else, it doesn't make them that nationality though.
When talking about modern Ireland, one thing that needs to be mentioned was how a Protestant Irish Parliament successfully gained independence for Ireland between 1782 and 1800, during which time Catholics got most of their rights back, with most Irish people of different faiths uniting under the ideologies of either constitutionalism or Republicanism, with both in favour of varying degrees of Irish sovereignty/autonomy and increased personal rights. This independence ended when a failed Republican Revolution in 1798 led British prime minister William Pitt to intimidate and bribe the Irish Parliament into merging the Kingdom Ireland into the UK after an initial Union vote failed. Ireland’s Parliament was forced to merge with The British one (though the courts and civil service of Ireland remained separate, but nominally subject to Westminster from now on). People on both sides seem to have completely forgotten this chapter in Irish history, because Protestants and Catholics fighting together for an independent Irish Kingdom doesn’t fit anyone’s narrative, and yet it had a major impact on the island. Unionism, Republicanism and Constitutionalism all originate from the original Irish volunteers that used the opportunity of the American Revolution distracting Britain to revolt in 1782. This heralded the independence and has shaped all aspects of Irish politics, ever since
2:07 "long story short, the Irish won and the British were magnanimous in defeat, leaving Ireland to flourish in her new found independence, but Fun Fact ... No."
@@Valencetheshireman927 It was an in-joke, not a critique. Also, when asked to leave someone's house, do you do so by sitting in their living room and saying you're there because the kids asked you to stay and play?
@@uaobrien You’re comparing the people of Northern Ireland to children? Northern Ireland is a land not a house. But if you want to treat it like a house then it should be treated as a separate house because that’s what it currently is and chooses to be.
@@Valencetheshireman927 Apologies let me rephrase, when asked to leave someone's house, do you do so by sitting in their living room and saying you're there because their mature over-18 offspring asked you to stay and explain what a straw man argument is?
@@Valencetheshireman927 Answering your edit - so now you not only don't leave the person's house, you tell them their living room is no longer part of their house, it's a separate house because their mature over-18 offspring asked you to stay and explain what a straw man argument is? Remind me never to invite you round 🤪
Perhaps the best book about the first permanent Protestant settlement in Ireland, and the struggle by the English (and Scottish) settlers to keep it, is "The Siege of Derry" by Patrick Macrory. A major concern for the English Monarchy was indeed the "primitive Irishmen's devotion to an old religion", through which the Irish populous saw the Papacy as a higher authority than The English Crown. But the greatest fear for the English was the very real possibility of Spain launching an invasion of the British Isles by way of Ireland, with the support of Irish separatists.
"settlement" "settlers" The correct term is colony, and colonizers. British folks werent settling unused lands; they were colonizing their neighbours. They stole land from the native populations and forcibly integrated themselves into communities with many even employing r@pe to "lock in" a woman to marry who bcuz of the views of the church at the time felt obligated to marry and be with the person or else be branded a sinner or worse.
@@SylviaRustyFae I entirely agree with you about the choice of semantics wherein the English/Protestant settlement was founded and maintained in a colonialist manner. But remember, the English didn't see it that way; they had, in their eyes, conquered Ireland. So, seeing Ireland as theirs, the problem was how to prevent the near constant uprisings by the native Irish. Truly the English were absolutely beyond abhorrent in their treatment of the Irish. (Although the Irish were not far behind in the level of atrocities they committed in retaliation to the English and Scots).
@Hernando Malinche "Most", not all. And maybe take a look at which families were the wealthiest ones doing the colonizing and look at what parliament it was that passed further and further restrictions on the native Irish ppl and treated them fully like a British colony. It wasnt the Scottish ppl who forced the Irish ppl to export grains during a famine; that was 100% bcuz of British, English, rule and the laws their parliament passed in order to torture Irish ppl.
@Hernando Malinche I only use the term "British " when referring to the whole of the British Isles (England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland), but I agree that's a modern colloquialism. You're entirely right that the majority of the population of the Ulster plantation over time were Scottish. But initially, in the first permanent settlement (particularly Londonderry), most settlers were English. But over time, and after several minor and major conflicts with local Irish clans, Ulster had to be "resettled" more than once over the 16th and 17th centuries. Eventually, Scottish Presbyterians we're more willing to move to Ulster than English Anglicans, who were more concerned about the (paltry) monetary compensation offered to would be settlers.
@@SylviaRustyFae there were some Irish Calvinists who happily integrated with Scottish Presbyterians, that's why modern protestant Irish have partial Irish heritage from 1500s and 1600s in addition to Scots, as well as English (Anglicans and Puritans).
I wish you'd have mentioned at 2:28 that the British split the traditional borders of ulster and put the catholic majority counties with Connaught to keep them from skewing the vote. You alluded to the fact but not many people know that the result was due to voter manipulation and not a consensus of the people (as most studies show Ulster would have voted to stay had those counties stayed part of ulster)
He did mention they took as much as they reasonably could while still holding a majority protestant. And just in my opinion i don't think the majority if X part is that relevant because a failure to split would've assuredly caused another civil war, particularly with the ulster covenant in mind.
@@colmx8441 I’m sorry you’re right (which makes it even more fucked up). So Britain didn’t even bother redrawing the borders they just gerrymandered the province to fit their needs
@@CosmicCreeper99 Ok but that's not the point of the question. A lot of countries have provinces that have different population compared to the rest of the country (This video is an example).
Truthfully, this should be a 10-minute video, especially in the years after the establishment of first, the Irish Free State, and later, the Republic of Ireland. This, of course, would also be followed by The Troubles, the Palm Sunday Accord, and Brexit.
As an uptight Brit, I must ask: surely a real question post-animation is: Why **isn't** Hokkaido divided? Even geographically it formed as an island in a completely different fashion.
Divided politically from the rest of Japan? You're asking why Hokkaidō is today solidly Japanese and Ireland is no longer part of the UK? Long story short there was long history of struggle between the Ainu (the indigenous people of Hokkaido) and the people of the southern Islands (and the mixed settlers). There is a very complicated story of back and forth ethnic and cultural assimilation, integration, repression and war. The last large attempt at rebellion in Hokkaidō was in the late 16th century. It appears to be quite a similar situation in many respects it's true. There are a number of different factors as to why the situation turned out differently, but I think probably the most obvious one was that after that long period of exchange assimilation and domination the rest of Japan didn't undergo a sudden huge religious shift that happened to exclude the people of Hokkaidō and attendant to that there was no resurgence of repression, racism and exploitation. tl;dr Hokkaidō was absorbed/assimilated into the regional dominant culture over many centuries and there was no later event that served to drive a wedge between it and the rest of Japan and cause new wounds/reopen old ones. If the British (mostly the English as the historically dominant group within the region) had assimilated or replaced the Irish fully (most Japanese with Ainu ancestry in modern Japan don't even know they have any, and there are only 100 speakers of the indigenous language left) and the reformation hadn't happened, or the UK hadn't converted, then Ireland likely would be solidly part of the UK today just like Hokkaidō is with Japan.
Hey, enjoy the comments on the video you worked so hard to make. I've always heard that the various flavours of Irish people and British people have very tame, open-minded opinions on this subject and a flair for civil and courteous discussion. EDIT: Why look at how congenial and topic-focused this thread has been. I must make time to come back and read all the other friendly discussions under this video.
@@DaChaGee Ok, then. Idiots. I come from a virulently orange family (I'm American) and I'm Catholic. I'm NOT popular, and have now been disinherited. Catholicism played a part.
I literally finished reading a book about this today. The Rebels of Ireland by Edward Rutherfurd for those curious. It's part of a two book series telling the history of Ireland through fake characters and families who "lived" there.
While this three minutes video does a very good job at sticking to the important events, these type of videos tend to go from the plantation to the 1800's or the rising and miss the 1798 rebellion under the banner of the United Irishmen, that in Ulster had non-Anglican protestants fighting with Catholics for an independent country. It was believed by the British establishment that the Anglican religion was needed to keep the country together and so other protestant denominations not in that faith also faced some prejudice, although less than Catholics. The French landed an army in support, but in the end they were crushed. Which is why the Kingdom of Ireland that had it's own parliament in Dublin since the previous Lordship of Ireland, in I think the 1200's, was fully absorbed into the U.K in 1800. The Home Rule movement from the 1860's was trying to, after the disaster of the famine, which many thought wouldn't have been as bad with a parliament in Dublin, to bring back local control as had existed before. This was blocked by the House of Lords until 1907 when they could only block a bill three times. By then it was too late and the build up to the 1916 rising had begun. It is also worth mentioning that the Irish Free State created in 1922 was still in the Commonwealth, so still a Dominion of the British Empire. It wasn't until 1932 that Dominions were allowed pass laws without the permission of the U.K, which meant that the country could legally vote itself to be a Republic afterwards.
It takes historical liberties, puts Collins in situations he was never in (but yes he did have a spy killing squad) Wind that shakes the barley has fairly bad acting in it and its Bloody Sunday scene is laughably wrong
@@ieatbananaskins7926 was a complete atrocity, I’m not debating that But claiming they started shooting over a cheeky football move rather then poor communication and revenge attitude isn’t accurate
There was actually a slew of plans to retain the Irish monarchy. One was to elevate the Irish throne to an equal footing to Britains, turning the British Empire into a dual monarchy like Austria-Hungary (which is what Sinn Fein was originally formed to do). There was a plan to try and make the Ard Ri/High King the Irish head of state in a theoretical independent Ireland in the early 20th century and in the 1930s there was a plot to topple the Free State and replace it with a catholic monarchy (apparently inspired by either Hungary or fascist Spain). In the Easter Rising there was a plan to offer the Irish throne to the Kaisers youngest son Post independence there was supposed to be a referendum on whether to make the Free State a republic or a monarchy (with the proviso of no Windsors allowed) but it never happened
Not sure where you got that from. Sinn Féin was set up as a socialist party and was/is strongly anti-monarchy, believing power should be in the hands of "the proletariat". There was some fanciful notions about a Kingdom of Ireland being restored, but that died out with most of the population in the 1840s, long before the existence of Sinn Féin or a German kaiser.
Ultimately it didn't make any sense, identifying a legitimate heir for a dynasty that was gone for 800 years was impossible. Irish patriots would never accept a foreign monarch after being ruled from Britain for so long. And the vassal petty kingdoms that made the original high kingship a thing were long gone as well. A parliamentary republic made the most sense within the existing legal and bureaucratic framework.
This video is very accurate but one of the big factors not mentioned is the poor negotiation tactics of the irish. De Vallera refused to go himself (for reasons that are still debated) and instead sent a delegation who hadnt even met to discuss their terms beforehand. They were spied on and turned against each other by llyoyd george to get the most favourable outcome for britain.
Take this with a grain of salt, but I remember hearing somewhere that De Vallera expected peace to come with some nasty terms, and thus intentionally kept himself out of negotiations so he could (pragmatically) accept them while not taking the blame for it. Of course, with a civil war and all the treaty's a very controversial thing, so I could see someone making that up. But it's interesting to think about.
De Valera knew that whoever went would be ostracised in some parts of Ireland as there'd be no way to secure an all-Ireland independence. That and the fact that although they had plenipotentiary powers, De Valera sent a team with a wide variety of views on what should be negotiated, which ultimately work against each other. Only Collins was able to keep them together to present a unified front.
The irish delegation was a mess but I don't think they got that bad a deal. The IRA were much weaker than the British believed and that they kept that a secret was critical for the eventual deal.
Got to give alot of credit to the Irish and Polish people, despite having their nations ceasing to exist and there occupiers doing there best to forcible assimilate them, they still held out.
They were both to blame to be fair. Collins also fired on his fellow countrymen with weapons supplied by Churchill and his government executed a number of fellow IRA who fought in the war of independence. Ever since the movie Michael Collins, there has been so much history revisionism.
de Valera was being sneaky but at the same time Lloyd George was bluffing and Michael Collins fell for it plus Collins was supposed to notify the cabinet in Dublin before reaching any agreement with the British but didn't
@@gaelicfemboy7763 Dev gets a bad rap now of days and is the scapegoat of everything. He done some stupid stuff but he done a lot of good. As did Collins.
Dear HM, would you please consider doing a history of Donbas? The whole situation in Eastern Ukraine is quite confusing and your knowledge would be much appreciated.
I live in Northern Ireland, I don't mind whether or not it unites but the Internet seems to think that NI is so likely to unite its almost a done thing, honestly though I Don't think it's likely any time soon
yeah some of the western counties have catholic majorities so if any "unification" of sorts happens it will more than likely just be those counties rejoining the republic
@@captainterra4581 yep that seems more likely, where as antrim where I live is so pro union in my opinion it would cause more problems than it would solve
Finally! Some Irish history on this channel. You should do more videos on different types of African history, especially pre - colonial African empires and societies.
2:57 didn’t he make the same offer to France? I’m surprised he didn’t unite England with America again, being drunk made him want to be friends with everyone just to spite Germany
@@RmsOceanic If drunken Churchill had all his requests accepted we’d live in a world where The United Kingdom of States of America, Britain, France, India, Poland and Ireland sounds more reasonable
@@XXXTENTAClON227 This would be the most interesting empire on the planet. A bunch people that historically hate each other put together as one nation would seem unstable and stable at the same time. (lmao I just realized I just described the EU after writing that)
Two step program: 1. In 1937, in response to the Abdication Crisis and the damage to monarchy's legitimacy, Eamon DeValera unilaterally asserted a new constitution that severely curtailed the Crown's authority in Ireland. 2. In 1949 they went for broke and unilaterally declared themselves a fully independent republic. Britain shrugged and went along with it.
Essentially, over time in the 1930s, the CommonWealth gave more powers to the states in it so they would be "equal" with Britain, not under it, sharing the crown. The irish changed their constitution which whittled away references and oaths of loyalty to the king (They established a president with all Head of State powers, but there was still some form (albeit minimal) of submission to the crown). Eventually in the late 1940s, they officially declared a republic, leaving the commonwealth.
Thanks @greendayremix / @RMS Oceanic - I wouldn't say that was mistakingly omitted but it's a beauty that anyone that wants to know will go and search for it. In this case, helpful fellow followers who points us in the right direction ☺️
The statute of Westminster in 1931 gave dominions a lot more power over their own laws. De Valera heavily exploited the statute to systematically remove English control in Ireland. The abdication crisis gave him a good excuse and he declared an irish president in place of the king
Time and culture, mostly. 1798 was the era of the Enlightenment and the birth of the nation state as a concept. Religion wasn't considered as essential as national identity, as seen over in Revolutionary France. But the 19th century saw Romanticism as a backlash to Enlightenment, and in some regards religious identity became important once again. But also Unionism was stoked by British electioneering, with mostly Conservative politicians in the later 19th Century playing the "Orange Card", stoking up fears that non-Catholics would suffer if Home Rule was granted, so they'd vote against the Liberal policies of Gladstone and similar. That Unionism took on a life of its own.
One of the reasons the majority of Irish Presbyterians & Protestants(especially up in Ulster) turned away from the United Irishmen cause was due to atrocities carried out in the 1798 Rebellion in Wexford especially. The burning of Protestants in the Scullobogue Massacre (an act that Oscar Dirlewanger would approve of) made it easy for the British to turn the Irish Protestant against Catholic. I'm not sure if Wolfe Tone ever learned what happened in Wexford before his fateful capture in Lough Swilly 1798.
In reference to the US "taking their entire country with them" at the begining of the video, people seem to completely forget about the American colonies that didn't revolt and became Canada. I'm pretty sure they fought with the rest of the British forces. -- an American
What is it with Northern land that makes people loyal to Britons? Edit: To the confused people who seem to have missed the point and felt the need to say the same thing, not once, not twice, but 4 fucking times... This was meant to be a rhetorical question and a cheeky comment on both Canada and Northern Ireland being in the North of the land that separated from the British. You know, the comment above mentions Canada... It is northern land compared to USA...
I really didn't think he'd be able to make a "short" episode out of this
I commend him on it though. Relatively unbiased and focusing on facts and events in history. Well done to History Matters.
Helps that he resisted scope bloat and focused on Partition itself, leaving The Troubles for another day.
Now lets just hope comments remain civil
I do feel like there could have been a slight mention of the treaty ports, maybe just on the map or something. They were a pretty significant factor at the time too.
Haha, yeah. Misses a bit of nuance because of it but its imoossible to dive into everything in 3 mins. it can be argued that the war of independence wasn't "won"; also, I remember seeing somewhere that Presbyterians as well as catholics were discriminated against at some point....
"When I told the people of Northern Ireland that I was an atheist, a woman in the audience stood up and said, 'Yes, but is it the God of the Catholics or the God of the Protestants in whom you don't believe?"
-Quentin Crisp
Choose wrong to be burned as witch. 🙌🏻
Yes, but are you a protestant atheist or a catholic atheist?
Either way, they’re gonna burn you
Atheism is rising in the uk because of secularization
Won't be shocked if the uk become muslim majority
The netherlands are catholic majority today
@@cyberwar4111 Sounds to me like some Great Replacement bullshit. Don't expect it to make sense
You're a brave man for tackling this issue. The fact you got it into three minutes is defies belief.
Tbh he's only covering the start so much more to unpack post civil war
@@sumomanify It's till pretty good. It took me three years at university to cover what he did in three minutes (we didn't have time for the Civil War there either!).
@@andreass2301 Well he's a brilliant teacher of history and content creator.
Wish a Time-traveler Industrialized Bronze Age Ireland
IWhy? It's a simple subject, complicated only by overly emotional cretins.
King James? As in James Bisonnette
LoL
You are everywhere.
James Bisonette would personally bring Ireland together
You mean *Seamus* Bisonette
The most powerful character ever
Seems like a lot of work.
@@CosmicCreeper99 wasn't that also the first name of Marty McFly's Irish ancestor in 1885?
Kelly moneymaker can help fund the push for a united Ireland considering the last name
It’s worth mentioning, the plantations were actually the 3rd phase of a lot of plantations.
Mary I attempted to plant the midlands to basically no success
Elizabeth I attempted to plant the south west (Munster) to very limited success
James planted ulster leading to a very Protestant northern area of ireland
Cromwell attempted to plant the east (Leinster) and was famously cruel about it. “To hell or to Connacht” he said, telling people to go to the western province (with significantly poorer soil quality and much higher rainfall, which partially created the conditions that led to the Famine) or die.
Well i did'nt have to hear the last phase
How can you fail to plant the Midlands? If you so much as drop a seed there, it'll grow. At least, if it's outside of the M42.
@@Skorpychan the midlands of Ireland, not England.
@@Skorpychan Connacht was the worst hit area in Ireland during the Great Famine, the Great Famine was caused by two main factors ... dependence of potato because the Irish were pushed out of the better soil and then the arrival of Phytophthora infestans, that being blight.
It wasnt that crops failed, it was the Irish were depended on potato crops that were now failing due to blight, other crops were not affected.
Also Ulster settlement between it and Scotland went both ways many times over at least 1000 years back to Ulaid (which took western Scotland), and many if not most of those "settlers" through that history was private. Ie not under state orders. But mostly focused to Antrim and Down.
Saying that Glaswegian settlers took a large section of Donegal but I believe they were unconnected to the rest of them
Note for people reading comments just in case: we didn't keep the Monarchy bit.
You kept it until just before WWII
Yeah I was surprised he didn't include a sentence about that
George was the Monarch of Ireland till the late 30s wasn't he?
Was going to ask about it.
@@morganpritchard4177 It was because of Edward VIII and his abdication that the Irish were able to maneuver themselves out of any connection to the UK.
It’s also worth noticing a third thing, not just land.
In 1921, while the war was about to end, they created northern and Southern Ireland.
But one thing that was skipped over was a third reason they kept Northern Ireland.
It was far more industrial than the rest of Ireland, if you look at a railway map of Ireland from 1920, then you can see easily where Industry was, Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland was the biggest ship producing port in all of the UK during ww1, it was vital for the war effort. So keeping Belfast meant whether or not they would be able to have a strong navy. It was massively industrial, producing war uniforms with linen mills across the country, along side many British weapon factories, etc etc.
The point I’m making is, Northern Ireland was an industrial powerhouse. Think of it as Ireland’s Rhineland
Hi 1921.
That probably has to dk with the fact that it was majority protestant and held more rights than catholic ireland
It ain't like that any more anyways
@@ellidominusser1138 Probably also because it was a major investment by the British Empire. I've read somewhere that it's not so much a religion issue as an economic issue.
@@ellidominusser1138 if you read the comment you wouldve realised that *i think* the original commenter said that northern ireland was more industrialised then parts of britian
Please do a video on the Portuguese Colonial War. It is a super underappreciated event that changed Africa forever.
He already did, sort of, in the Cuban intervention in Angola video. But yes, a video on how Portuguese got flexed on by Communists so hard they nearly became Communist themselves would be neat.
@@Psytinker I just think it's amazing a country as tiny and as obscure as Portugal could manage a decades long Vietnam-level war in four theaters across Africa with little to no support and only lose due to the fall of the Estado Novo.
not forgetting that both USSR and USA were fighting on the same side against Portugal in all of those African countries and still Portugal only gave the colonies away when dictactorship finished, being one of the last european countries to lost its african colonies
@@conserva-chan2735 All sorts of interesting touches: the flechas and the thousands of Katangan rebels who crossed over to join the Portuguese rather than accept Congolese rule being stand-outs to me.
And yeah, the big-picture fact that in contrast with the French and Americans (and arguably the British), the Portuguese actually managed to win in Angola and were on the way in Mocambique, despite having a metropole about the size of New Jersey.
@@henryhill4289 it was because the African Portuguese colonies existed way before the scramble for Africa and were considered an integral part of Portugal, so the cultural attachment for both the Portuguese in Europe and the Africans culturally identifying with Portugal was far stronger than any other colony in the world. I guarantee if anything had been different(foreign support from NATO, Estado Novo holding out longer) Portugal would have kept the colonies.
It’s honestly impressive that you managed to explain this in 3 minutes
It is TBF! the one thing he did miss that was important in my opinion. Was the fact Sinn Fein abstained from Westminster. Hence Unionits we’re unopposed there for the government or Ireland act 1920.
😎 I can explain it even quicker: Ireland is divided because the UK is a bad loser. 🤩
I felt like a lot was left out, GB has been trying to rule the Irish for 700 years.
@@GhostSal bit hard to summerize 700 years in 3 minutes 😭😭
@@retrocd7991 I never said it wasn’t or that he had to, just that a lot was left out.
History Matters, I don't know how you did it, but you pulled off an informative, well researched & very sensitively written (not to mention replete with the Hail Mary in Irish, and what I believe is a portrait of Roger Casement?) video on a very complex, nuanced and highly contentious period of history. Absolutely marvelous work, sir- this Irishman with a history degree appreciates your work & proclaims you A Decent Lad!
Agreed, was worried as a Norn Irish lad, when I saw the video come up, but have to say, you've done it very well indeed for 3 and a half mins. Gives me great confidence going into your other videos of places I'm not informed about.
Casement? I was leaning more Jim Larkin
Funny how Carson and Craig were quite obviously them tho ha ha
@@CrackaPackify Yeah, moustaches are great identifiers! Especially Arthur Griffith's in the episode!
Thanks for the translation. I was hoping someone would post it.
It always takes me like 10 minutes to finish one of these just to catch all the quick visual gags that come and go in a flash. I love it.
I’m always so happy when a new episode of the James Bisonette Show comes out!
Produced by Kelly Moneymaker
Cast by Spinning Three Plates
Special Guest: Boogalie Woogalie
Costumes by PartyBoyCo
This thread has no business being this funny
"Quick and not very professional"
One, who was too injured to stand, was tied to a chair and shot.
Also another one was not an actual leader, but a brother of a leader. William (Willy) Pearse, brother of Patrick Pearse.
In a famous letter Patrick wrote to their mother "Atleast after I'm executed, you'll still have Willy." (Para phrasing)
Only for his brother to be in the cell next to his waiting for his own execution.
Also they executed Francis Sheehy-Skeffington without trial and he was 1) not affiliated with any group participating in the Rising 2) a strict pacifist 3) trying to organize citizens to prevent looting at the time of his arrest
*Padraig, not Patrick
@@paullong5208 actually one thing I remember is my History teacher stating Mr Pearse preferred Patrick, but I get ya point
Maybe they shouldn't start shooting at people if they don't want to be shot back just a thought 🤣
Symbolic murders are always so memorable, and particularly botched ones. Though the resent troubles that seem to have had no useful strategic effect, saw over 2000 killed by the IRA, who killed by far the largest number of Catholics, and at a 2-1 ratio to the other forces in the field. Bombs and torture being so clean. As a Nazi said of his IRA allies in an earlier time: "muddle headed dreamers with no strategic realism".
I have been waiting for this one for so long, great job as always History Matters!
Having glanced at the comments, it seems you haven’t sparked outrage while still summarising the whole lot in three and a half minutes. This is an achievement for the ages.
“Just a friendly reminder that if one tries really hard, even countries can burn. That’s not a threat or anything but if you pass this silly home rule act we’ll be very upset and we can all discover what Britain looks like on fire. How fun.”
Never before have I seen such a well-crafted document.
@Wes That seems to be a recurring theme in history. Governments pass unpopular laws despite public concerns or outrage and protests. Then act all surprised when the protests turn into violent riots. 😛
In soccer northern Irish people can play for the republic if they choose to do so. Both James McClean and Shane Duffy are from Derry NI and play for the republic
@@seanorourke9027 It's treason then.
@@foltgameeing how Northern Ireland by right is Irish. It’s occupied by people who were paid to live on the land and strip it from the traditional Irish Catholics, using them either as slaves or tenants to their own land or sending them to poorer lands in Connaught, hence “to hell or to Connaught”.
@@seanorourke9027 It was occupied centuries ago. Those people have now settled for generations and are Northern Irish. Forcing them into the republic against their will or democratic mandate, or replacing them with the "rightful" Irish Catholic landowners, is just as morally bankrupt as what happened when their ancestors first occupied that land.
If we determined modern borders based on the historical "rights" of the first peoples to settle the lands then millions would be displaced and many modern nations would cease to exist. Northern Ireland by right is British, and that will only change by democratic mandate.
What a very non controversial topic. I'm sure this comments section will remain a lovely place for calm discussion
They actually seem rather tame at present. Mostly commendations at being able to sum it up so succinctly.
Just wait for Plastic Paddies to turn it vile and sour
@@United-Nations Are Plastic Paddies like Pseudo-Paddies? They aren’t Irish but they pretend to be to feel all triggered?
@@kjamison5951 they're Americans and Canadians of (at least some) Irish descent who have a very proud and pro-ireland culture, but their culture is mostly divorced from actual Irish culture and have no real connection to the island other than a couple ancestors, and most Irish feel that they're really weird from what I understand.
They usually boil down Irish culture to "green thing" and "alcohol" they use Irish stereotypes to say that they're Irish
@@United-Nations what’s a plastic paddy😂😂
As I found out earlier today at the time of partition Ulster (mainly Belfast) produced about 80% of Irish GDP. The Presbyterian Ulster Irish thought that their wealth was going to be used to finance the Catholic state and didn't want any part of that deal. They were probably correct but the partition did mean that both sides of the border doubled down on their respective positions making union harder than ever.
Yes, Belfast was more populous than Dublin and pretty much all industry was around Belfast, although the Dublin/S Irish economy had been prospering up to WWI. Which is why the IRA weren't particularly popular.
Another fact not talked about is NI provided more troops to WWI than any part of the UK, seen as a show of loyalty.
In essence Britain and Ireland were faced with a situation similar to the US civil war. An industrialised, wealthy North not wanting to join the South. Although the South had the population, ~2.5 v 1.5M.
@@josm1481 Difference is is that the position between the two has reversed the republic is wealthier than the north nowadays due to a number of reasons(mainly deindustrialisation and the troubles)
Those Ulster Scots failed to realize though that they were settling on stolen land,also for centuries native Catholic Irish couldn’t sell land,hold political office and many more were driven from their homes in Ulster during the plantation.
@@ferno056 on paper, certainly. We'll see how tax equalisation effects the situation over the next decade.
The irony is that if Unionists had supported Home Rule Ireland might have remained a part of the UK or at the very least a part of the Commonwealth.
As an Irishman, I'm very happy that you definitely intentionally released this on my birthday
I can't say how impressed I am that you managed to boil such a complicated and tragic bit of history down to a three minute video. Well done!
The best 3 minute, concise but accurate explanation on RUclips ever! Well done.
2:57 I had no idea Churchill was drunk when he gave DeValera that offer, but it sounded realistic coming from him.
He spent a lot of time drunk. It probably helped for dealing with the stress of being prime minister.
When was Churchill not drunk? The empire he came to rule was crumbling all around him and got progressively worse daily. His city was being constantly bombed and was desperate for any reprevie and small amount of help to keep his tiny island from being taken over. I would be drunk to.
As an Irish person I was skeptical when I clicked play… I am shocked that you managed to actually summarise this quite well in 3mins. So many more small details involved but great job. Hopefully we will see a united Ireland in my lifetime
Under london's authority that is
@@colegilbert673 _Been there done that, _*_burned the T-shirt._*
@@stephenwright8824 mhm
As a canidian who is decended from ulsterman.......why anyone TODAY would want to be associated with England baffles me......constant survalience, getting jailed for Facebook posts, "grooming" gangs that freely roam the streets, not being able to own firearms or even knives. I'd say England has lost her ways and isn't even a shell of her former glory. Now it's government treats its own people like it did its colonial subjects.... I guess because it's run out of other people to harass and subjugate? Idk. Whole thing is rather bizarre tbh
Hell no
Fantastic video that covers most of the history in a short period of time. I also love the use of Irish (Sé do bheatha a Mhuire, which means Hail Mary), to demonstrate the Catholicism of Irish people at the time. Its a very tough and controversial thing to talk about, yet you managed to cover it very accurately in an objective fashion. I love your content and have been watching it for years, but I must say I really love your ability to show Irish History in an objective manner (Some many English Historians struggle to do to this day).
Irish historians do not tell it correctly either, Most Pieces from Irish Historians on the troubles constantly seem to neglect the acts of terrorism done by the IRA and the fact that to this day Ireland protects IRA members who have committed rape and murder
What do you mean at the time the Catholics in Ireland are still terrorists we keep having to arrest them for plotting to bomb and shoot northern Irish people
This was a brave subject to take on!
I he’s kinda side stepped the treaty and skipped, maybe it was for the best lol
@@RealBadGaming52 Even mentioning this topic at all, lad's risking his kneecaps!
London wants us, Dublin wants us, Brussels wants us; it's all very flattering.
But what do we want?
London got you
@@rusticpartyeditz we want what we already have.
London wanted you 800 years ago.
I am impressed that you managed to get this topic down to three and a half minutes, including Patron list.
Alot of love for the editing at 1:18
Excellent. A new video for when I get off work. Thank you for keeping me sane and always having a regular upload schedule, boss.
I've been looking into Irish history, particularly in the North, and the impression I get is that it was a long time building, the sequence of events that ultimately led to not only the creation of Northern Ireland, but longer term the Republic of Ireland. Three Home Rule Bills were proposed (of which two failed and the third passed in 1914 but was not implemented because of the outbreak of WW1) before the Government of Ireland Act was passed in 1920.
UK: *loses war of independence*
Irish: ‘Ok so guess we’ll be taking your unconditional surr…’
UK: ‘Here’s our list of terms. Also we took your land’
That drunken offer by Churchill is really a forgotten moment in British history.
Yeah, basically an attempted act of high treason.
@@sergeanthowiefromthemainland A drunken act of high treason
Didn't a drunk premier give Crimea to Ukraine?
@@JonatasAdoM not sure, who was Soviet leader at the time of the switcheroo?
@@sergeanthowiefromthemainland Khrushchev. He was a doofus, but I'm not sure about the drunken part.
“Why is Ireland divided?” Well it’s a rather *troublesome* tale
Bruhhhh
Nice video! Really enjoy these. You should also do a video on the troubles and the lead up to the signing of the Good Friday agreement.
I don't think he'd get away with a short there
As someone who loves history and has ADD, I want to thank you. You get to the point, don't put too much fluff, and make your videos accurate and short. This let's me enjoy your history lessons over other's here on YT. Thanks for the great content!
Would have been even greater irony to mention that when the 1916 Easter Rising happened, Home rule had already been passed 3 times in the british House of Commons. According to the paliament act of 1911, the House of Lords could no longer veto this bill. Home rule was supposed to receive the royal assent and become effective.
However, WW1 meant that the implementation was postponed since most thought the war would be quick. Initially the 1916 rising wasn't popular for that exact reason, most Irish folk were already waiting for the autonomy they asked for and was already guaranteed. Contrary to popular belief at that time, full independence was only sought after by a political minority of those i.e. those who took part in the 1916 rising.
At the immediate end of the rising, those who took part in it were unpopular because it was thought they were betraying those irish soliders fighting WW1 for Britian and the Home rule autonomy they were promised.
Thats fascinating, so it would be possible for both sides to still remain apart of the home nations (atleast temporarily) if the war had been postponed?
@@Connor-jl9gq in an alt history, home rule was granted, and up to this day ireland still is under the uk which is more commonly known as great britain, though there are recent tensions about independence similar to whats happenning with scotland
@@Connor-jl9gq perhaps tensions might have kept rising and delayed the problem later... But at the time, home rule was certainly what was expected for tge majority of the Irish people. The 1911 parliamentary act was actually motivated by the King who saw the Lords continuing to veto home rule as anti democratic
@@charlestonianbuilder344
I would think Ireland would have already broken away fully, especially given the amount of decolonisation that happened after ww2. Possibly without any civil war and possibly without any partition, but very possibly with a lot more German air raids circa 1940, and a lot more world war memorial statues throughout the country.
Scotland only got a watered down version of home rule in 1999, and has been chewing the scenery in anticipation of full independence ever since.
The more I read Irish history I’m starring to think the rebels got impatient , but I suppose who could blame them , ww1 could have lasted 30 years as far they knew
Very impressive how much you crammed into this. I always cringe before watching videos about my homeland, usually not this accurate!
The short version is: "Contrary to popular belief, successionism was far from universal in Ireland. The areas where many residents had friends/family in Britain opted to stay part of Britain."
As someone who's Irish myself it's always cool to see how many people are into Irish history
It’s because a lot of Americans think they somehow count as Irish just because their great great great grandad once drank a Guinness in Dublin.
It is a shame so many people are stupid about it and only see it as Haha car bomb lol! Richie Kavanagh is a good Irish historian
@@SteveSmith-qf7xj Plastic Paddies as they're known in Ireland 😂
@@lordgemini2376 same here in England. The there are real Irish and there are pretender's, who pop out of the woodwork on St Patrick's Day. Only to disappear again as soon as they appeared. 😆
They are into British History not Irish
1:18 must've taken so much work. Kudos
Guys! I just had a nightmare. I got to the end of a History Matters video and James Bisonette was not a Patreon supporter! I know, I know, it would never happen but it still shook me to my core just thinking about it.
Your drawing of de Valera was both accurate and amusing. Well done.
Very impressive. I did a history exam in Ireland today, and i had a paragraph dedicated to this.
The one thing you did miss (a small thing to be fair) Was the fact Sinn Fein abstained from Westminster. Hence Unionists we’re unopposed there for the government or Ireland act 1920. Successfully partioning the country while Sinn Fein MP’s were in jail, in the run, in hiding or abstaining
Well, it also missed a few specifics of the Home Rule saga, but yeah, it would have been nice to touch on SF abstentionism, given it still holds til today.
For years, we had an MP who abstained, but still drew the pay. Drove me mad, no matter the justification.
Now Sinn Fein is the second largest party in Northern Ireland, and on track to be the biggest after the next elections.
i mean i dont rly see how that is relevant, could u clarify?
@@MarkusAldawn money is being printed/borrowed might as well take it from the English than not have any
Rampantly inaccurate. only 1 SF TD abstained from the 1st & last southern parliaments only vote to ratify the treaty. The unionists won 40 seats in NI & 4 in the Free State. I garuntee you've failed that exam with an answer like this. Sorry to break it to you. The 4 free state unionists along with 1 SF MP abstained. Nothing was decided at westminister. The 40 northern Unionist MPs boycotted the vote & 12 seats in NI went to nationalists, 6 to Irish Parlimentary Party candidates & 6 to Sinn Fein. Of the 6 NI seats won by SF 5 had stood for election in the south also so they also voted on the partition. Labour & Farmers party had stood aside in the preceeding election to not muddle the vote but rewon their seats in the election that happened right after the civil war. The 125 SF TDs voted to accept the treaty by a 7 vote majority. The anti treaty walked out & the 125 minus the 6 home rulers & 46 unionist MPs transferred automatically into the 2nd Dail by default which ran consecutively with the first/last southern parliament. There was absolutely zero chance of any other form of democratic result. The pro treaty SF had a clear majority & if the other home rule nationalists had rowed in to back ant treaty. The 46 unionists would have voted too & made the pro treaty result go from a clear yes to an overwheming yes. Stop rewriting history.
I always feel so smart when History Matters asks a question I already know the answer to
A parrot can memorize trivia just like us, right?
As an Irish man and has been studying about our history for 6 years well done on the video.
I plan to learn Irish. The Iris should put Irish first, not Stinklish.
@@scintillam_dei as a NI man, don't walk into anglophobia. Yes you can be proud to be Irish but dont misunderstand that for hate of the UK or England or whatever. We have a strong, shared history and like most places in the world, its mixed between bad and good history. :) have a good day
Worth noting that the leaders of the unionist movement during the home rule crisis actually considered themselves Irish, not British, but a distinct protestant Irish, and held the conviction that it was a patriotic Irish stance to be pro-union. Edward Carson is a good example of this but pretty much all the leaders of the ulster covenant believed this. Today there's definitely more of a British identity sentiment among the northern unionists, but that came about after the establishment of Northern Ireland.
"A drunken offer from Churchill"
Is there any other kind?
The great Tayto v King debate still tearing families apart to this day
Lyon V Barry just as brutal
Which is why the Irish refuse to swear an Oath of Allegiance to a King, but will gladly lay down their lives for a bag of Tayto.
As someone from Northern Ireland, I always wondered why we partitioned away from the Republic
You didn’t the Uk captured you
Out of curiosity would you rather Ireland be united ?
I'm an American myself and from what little I read it seems the Brits screwed over the Irish
But this video makes it seem like Northern Ireland was more pro British then I originally believed
@@deadlyta It’s a highly debated topic over here, I myself personally don’t really care, but you find people who are extremely loyal to the idea of the UK and people who are extremely loyal to the idea of a United Ireland
@@deadlyta Most people were pro-Britain but when you pissed people off for a long time back in the old days they would actually do something about it. Northern Ireland will be in the UK almost indefinitely since nobody really gives much of a shit anymore. There's people all over with an opinion but nobody really cares enough to do anything about it anymore. Like anyone who wanted to fight eventually died in their own war and the population thats left are all too pussy.
I just read the title and was like "Good luck explaining this in 3-4 minutes"
Few tidbits:
- Home Rule in some circles was seen as a restoration of the Irish Parliament, which had existed in the Kingdom of Ireland before the Act of Union in 1801 folded it into Westminster.
- Catholic emancipation in the 1830s was welcome, but there were concerns that even with this, direct rule from London had all sorts of inefficiencies for handling Irish issues. Like the famine.
- The Home Rule movement really gained traction as a result of the famine. Potato Blight wasn't an Irish-only issue, other European countries struggled with it, yet Ireland far and away suffered the worst from it, and it was believed distant British mismanagment both before and during the crisis contributed to its severity.
- Ireland wasn't officially independent after 1922. It was a Dominion, on the same level as Canada. It took further reforms in 1937 and 1949 to truly gain independence. Also this is extremely technical, but the whole of Ireland was part of the Dominion, but what would become Northern Ireland had the option to opt out of it and back into UK membership, which they exercised one day later. I could go further with them, but much like you have I shall show restraint. Story for another day.
- Trivia: In the 1920s the US Had colour-coded names for War Plans with different countries. War with the British Empire was War Plan Red, with theaters of the war being different shades of red like Scarlet, Ruby etc. In this plan, Ireland was Emerald
Sayin London had inefficiencies handling "Irish issues" "like famine" is such a skewed way of portraying what happened.
Their British overlords forced monocropping and forced the exportation of many other crops besides potatoes thus grtly worsening a potato blight. And then the British actively failed to do anything to help Ireland thru the famine and instd actively punished Irish ppl to a grter extent and created forced workcamps that didnt provide even the calories to replace the energy used working; and required ppl to either go work there or starve. They even refused to let any other countries donate more than the British monarch had to help out the suffering Irish ppl so that the Brits wud appear to be helping the most.
Actually look up the stories of that great famine, and of other famines caused by British neglect and outright abuse of native ppl.
@@SylviaRustyFae You're not wrong, British handling of the famine was an utter failure from a humanitarian view. But as a Norn Iron I'm trying to keep my biases in mind.
@@RmsOceanic As someone who doesnt live in Ireland rn bcuz my family was driven outta Ireland by those exact things; i opt not to be neutral on this bcuz gods damnit i shud be living on the Emerald Isle, not in the melting pot that saw my ppl as like third-class white ppl when we first came here >.>
I love how you say "it is believed" like there's a chance British colonisation didn't cause the famine... and it wasn't so much mismanagement as a deliberate continuation of the exploitation of Ireland
@@SylviaRustyFae Your family was the exact reason that Ireland had suffered so hard during the famine. All of Europe was suffering from the potato blight however Ireland had an huge dependence on potatos. Most Irish either moved to England or to the US during the famine, only worsening conditions as there was now a lack of people to farm other crops and to help transport food sourced from England into inland Ireland.
An often overlooked part of the famine is that the British government did provide an relief effort, in fact the largest in history up to that date. They even bought a fuck ton of grain etc from the US (buying food from foreign nations to alleviate an local famine was near unheard of during those days). Especially when in this time period most countries didn't even try anything to alleviate famine unless it was nationwide.
Also you aren't Irish, you're an American and your lucky to live there. Ireland was literally one of the poorest and most religiously Conservative nations in Europe up until a few decades ago. In theory every American other than those who where originally there before Europeans came from somewhere else, it doesn't make them that nationality though.
When talking about modern Ireland, one thing that needs to be mentioned was how a Protestant Irish Parliament successfully gained independence for Ireland between 1782 and 1800, during which time Catholics got most of their rights back, with most Irish people of different faiths uniting under the ideologies of either constitutionalism or Republicanism, with both in favour of varying degrees of Irish sovereignty/autonomy and increased personal rights.
This independence ended when a failed Republican Revolution in 1798 led British prime minister William Pitt to intimidate and bribe the Irish Parliament into merging the Kingdom Ireland into the UK after an initial Union vote failed. Ireland’s Parliament was forced to merge with The British one (though the courts and civil service of Ireland remained separate, but nominally subject to Westminster from now on).
People on both sides seem to have completely forgotten this chapter in Irish history, because Protestants and Catholics fighting together for an independent Irish Kingdom doesn’t fit anyone’s narrative, and yet it had a major impact on the island. Unionism, Republicanism and Constitutionalism all originate from the original Irish volunteers that used the opportunity of the American Revolution distracting Britain to revolt in 1782. This heralded the independence and has shaped all aspects of Irish politics, ever since
What if the 26 counties got Home Rule in 1886 and the counties in the North remained fully controlled from London? Would that have made a difference?
2:07 "long story short, the Irish won and the British were magnanimous in defeat, leaving Ireland to flourish in her new found independence, but Fun Fact ... No."
We did leave though, we only kept the North because they wanted to stay with us.
@@Valencetheshireman927 It was an in-joke, not a critique.
Also, when asked to leave someone's house, do you do so by sitting in their living room and saying you're there because the kids asked you to stay and play?
@@uaobrien You’re comparing the people of Northern Ireland to children?
Northern Ireland is a land not a house. But if you want to treat it like a house then it should be treated as a separate house because that’s what it currently is and chooses to be.
@@Valencetheshireman927 Apologies let me rephrase, when asked to leave someone's house, do you do so by sitting in their living room and saying you're there because their mature over-18 offspring asked you to stay and explain what a straw man argument is?
@@Valencetheshireman927 Answering your edit - so now you not only don't leave the person's house, you tell them their living room is no longer part of their house, it's a separate house because their mature over-18 offspring asked you to stay and explain what a straw man argument is?
Remind me never to invite you round 🤪
a must-see crash course. thank you.
Perhaps the best book about the first permanent Protestant settlement in Ireland, and the struggle by the English (and Scottish) settlers to keep it, is "The Siege of Derry" by Patrick Macrory.
A major concern for the English Monarchy was indeed the "primitive Irishmen's devotion to an old religion", through which the Irish populous saw the Papacy as a higher authority than The English Crown. But the greatest fear for the English was the very real possibility of Spain launching an invasion of the British Isles by way of Ireland, with the support of Irish separatists.
"settlement" "settlers"
The correct term is colony, and colonizers. British folks werent settling unused lands; they were colonizing their neighbours.
They stole land from the native populations and forcibly integrated themselves into communities with many even employing r@pe to "lock in" a woman to marry who bcuz of the views of the church at the time felt obligated to marry and be with the person or else be branded a sinner or worse.
@@SylviaRustyFae I entirely agree with you about the choice of semantics wherein the English/Protestant settlement was founded and maintained in a colonialist manner. But remember, the English didn't see it that way; they had, in their eyes, conquered Ireland. So, seeing Ireland as theirs, the problem was how to prevent the near constant uprisings by the native Irish.
Truly the English were absolutely beyond abhorrent in their treatment of the Irish. (Although the Irish were not far behind in the level of atrocities they committed in retaliation to the English and Scots).
@Hernando Malinche "Most", not all. And maybe take a look at which families were the wealthiest ones doing the colonizing and look at what parliament it was that passed further and further restrictions on the native Irish ppl and treated them fully like a British colony.
It wasnt the Scottish ppl who forced the Irish ppl to export grains during a famine; that was 100% bcuz of British, English, rule and the laws their parliament passed in order to torture Irish ppl.
@Hernando Malinche I only use the term "British " when referring to the whole of the British Isles (England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland), but I agree that's a modern colloquialism.
You're entirely right that the majority of the population of the Ulster plantation over time were Scottish. But initially, in the first permanent settlement (particularly Londonderry), most settlers were English. But over time, and after several minor and major conflicts with local Irish clans, Ulster had to be "resettled" more than once over the 16th and 17th centuries. Eventually, Scottish Presbyterians we're more willing to move to Ulster than English Anglicans, who were more concerned about the (paltry) monetary compensation offered to would be settlers.
@@SylviaRustyFae there were some Irish Calvinists who happily integrated with Scottish Presbyterians, that's why modern protestant Irish have partial Irish heritage from 1500s and 1600s in addition to Scots, as well as English (Anglicans and Puritans).
I wish you'd have mentioned at 2:28 that the British split the traditional borders of ulster and put the catholic majority counties with Connaught to keep them from skewing the vote. You alluded to the fact but not many people know that the result was due to voter manipulation and not a consensus of the people (as most studies show Ulster would have voted to stay had those counties stayed part of ulster)
He did mention they took as much as they reasonably could while still holding a majority protestant. And just in my opinion i don't think the majority if X part is that relevant because a failure to split would've assuredly caused another civil war, particularly with the ulster covenant in mind.
Those 3 counties aren't part of Connacht though they're still part of Ulster.
@@colmx8441 I’m sorry you’re right (which makes it even more fucked up). So Britain didn’t even bother redrawing the borders they just gerrymandered the province to fit their needs
Video idea! Why Greece dont have Northern Epirus while they occupied it 3 times?
Because it’s Albanian. Period.
isn't it because it's not greek-majority inhabited?
asking the real questions here
@@CosmicCreeper99 Ok but that's not the point of the question.
A lot of countries have provinces that have different population compared to the rest of the country (This video is an example).
@@CosmicCreeper99 ?
I was waiting for this video for a very long time.
Fantastic to see an good objective video on the topic. You kept it neutral and short, which I didnt think was possible. Fair play.
Truthfully, this should be a 10-minute video, especially in the years after the establishment of first, the Irish Free State, and later, the Republic of Ireland. This, of course, would also be followed by The Troubles, the Palm Sunday Accord, and Brexit.
Brexit is too recent.
Brexit is far too recent to include
The Good Friday Agreement surely?
@@KengCo7 That seems fine
_’drunken offer from Churchill..’_ Love it!!
I love your channel keep up the great stuff!!!
As an uptight Brit, I must ask: surely a real question post-animation is: Why **isn't** Hokkaido divided?
Even geographically it formed as an island in a completely different fashion.
そうですよ。
Divided politically from the rest of Japan? You're asking why Hokkaidō is today solidly Japanese and Ireland is no longer part of the UK? Long story short there was long history of struggle between the Ainu (the indigenous people of Hokkaido) and the people of the southern Islands (and the mixed settlers). There is a very complicated story of back and forth ethnic and cultural assimilation, integration, repression and war. The last large attempt at rebellion in Hokkaidō was in the late 16th century. It appears to be quite a similar situation in many respects it's true. There are a number of different factors as to why the situation turned out differently, but I think probably the most obvious one was that after that long period of exchange assimilation and domination the rest of Japan didn't undergo a sudden huge religious shift that happened to exclude the people of Hokkaidō and attendant to that there was no resurgence of repression, racism and exploitation.
tl;dr Hokkaidō was absorbed/assimilated into the regional dominant culture over many centuries and there was no later event that served to drive a wedge between it and the rest of Japan and cause new wounds/reopen old ones.
If the British (mostly the English as the historically dominant group within the region) had assimilated or replaced the Irish fully (most Japanese with Ainu ancestry in modern Japan don't even know they have any, and there are only 100 speakers of the indigenous language left) and the reformation hadn't happened, or the UK hadn't converted, then Ireland likely would be solidly part of the UK today just like Hokkaidō is with Japan.
I'm too tired to think but the island division makes sense in Total War so I disagree with geography here.
Korea is more like the Japanese Ireland, and guess what, it's divided!
Now we get to the real questions
Finally a level-headed yet simple video on the subject
Hey, enjoy the comments on the video you worked so hard to make. I've always heard that the various flavours of Irish people and British people have very tame, open-minded opinions on this subject and a flair for civil and courteous discussion.
EDIT: Why look at how congenial and topic-focused this thread has been. I must make time to come back and read all the other friendly discussions under this video.
It’s mostly the Americans with 0.001% Irish ancestry that get really angry about it.
@@davidthewhale7556 I've met confused Americans who claimed to be Ulster-Scots (Scots-Irish) but supported the IRA.
@@DaChaGee Ok, then.
Idiots.
I come from a virulently orange family (I'm American) and I'm Catholic.
I'm NOT popular, and have now been disinherited. Catholicism played a part.
@@davidthewhale7556 I notice Americans take more pride in their tiny percent of ancestry than their Now current Country.
@@United-Nations Probably because of how badly the US is doing at the moment. I don't see why anyone could take pride from a civilisation in decline.
Was looking for this !!
History Matters always answers my questions so that I don't have to look for the answer myself!
Um, so how do you find the answers on History Matters then? 🤣
@@uaobrien I see, good point, mate lol. Well, I guess I can say that the video presents itself on youtube, so that I don't have to search for it :D
I literally finished reading a book about this today. The Rebels of Ireland by Edward Rutherfurd for those curious. It's part of a two book series telling the history of Ireland through fake characters and families who "lived" there.
While this three minutes video does a very good job at sticking to the important events, these type of videos tend to go from the plantation to the 1800's or the rising and miss the 1798 rebellion under the banner of the United Irishmen, that in Ulster had non-Anglican protestants fighting with Catholics for an independent country. It was believed by the British establishment that the Anglican religion was needed to keep the country together and so other protestant denominations not in that faith also faced some prejudice, although less than Catholics. The French landed an army in support, but in the end they were crushed. Which is why the Kingdom of Ireland that had it's own parliament in Dublin since the previous Lordship of Ireland, in I think the 1200's, was fully absorbed into the U.K in 1800. The Home Rule movement from the 1860's was trying to, after the disaster of the famine, which many thought wouldn't have been as bad with a parliament in Dublin, to bring back local control as had existed before. This was blocked by the House of Lords until 1907 when they could only block a bill three times. By then it was too late and the build up to the 1916 rising had begun. It is also worth mentioning that the Irish Free State created in 1922 was still in the Commonwealth, so still a Dominion of the British Empire. It wasn't until 1932 that Dominions were allowed pass laws without the permission of the U.K, which meant that the country could legally vote itself to be a Republic afterwards.
I just discovered your channel and i love it. History indeed matters, keep it up dude 🤙
great summary of the story, if you want to learn, I'd suggest seeing the film "Michael Collins" with Liam Neeson, it show what happened quite well
It takes historical liberties, puts Collins in situations he was never in (but yes he did have a spy killing squad)
Wind that shakes the barley has fairly bad acting in it and its Bloody Sunday scene is laughably wrong
@@ieatbananaskins7926 Era, I actually don’t mind it
Aside from that Bloody Sunday scene. I paints the British in a darker shade of red …..
@@retrocd7991 how's that possible? There's nowhere else on their hands to put the blood
The Wind That Shakes the Barley makes a wonderful companion piece to Michael Collins.
@@ieatbananaskins7926 was a complete atrocity, I’m not debating that
But claiming they started shooting over a cheeky football move rather then poor communication and revenge attitude isn’t accurate
There was actually a slew of plans to retain the Irish monarchy. One was to elevate the Irish throne to an equal footing to Britains, turning the British Empire into a dual monarchy like Austria-Hungary (which is what Sinn Fein was originally formed to do). There was a plan to try and make the Ard Ri/High King the Irish head of state in a theoretical independent Ireland in the early 20th century and in the 1930s there was a plot to topple the Free State and replace it with a catholic monarchy (apparently inspired by either Hungary or fascist Spain). In the Easter Rising there was a plan to offer the Irish throne to the Kaisers youngest son
Post independence there was supposed to be a referendum on whether to make the Free State a republic or a monarchy (with the proviso of no Windsors allowed) but it never happened
Imagine a dual monarchy state but one of them is Catholic and the other Protestant.
That's some interesting alt history shit to go down.
The Kaiser bit kinda helps explain the brutality of the British against the rising at least...
Not sure where you got that from. Sinn Féin was set up as a socialist party and was/is strongly anti-monarchy, believing power should be in the hands of "the proletariat". There was some fanciful notions about a Kingdom of Ireland being restored, but that died out with most of the population in the 1840s, long before the existence of Sinn Féin or a German kaiser.
It's always mad when I hear about this. Especially the Kaisers son.
Ultimately it didn't make any sense, identifying a legitimate heir for a dynasty that was gone for 800 years was impossible. Irish patriots would never accept a foreign monarch after being ruled from Britain for so long. And the vassal petty kingdoms that made the original high kingship a thing were long gone as well. A parliamentary republic made the most sense within the existing legal and bureaucratic framework.
The "well" joke gets me every time
Would love to see a longer videos from you.
"Why is Ireland Divided?"
Because James the First watched Starship Troopers and took the wrong lessons about Port Joe Smith.
That's what he gets for watching the film instead of reading the book.
As always my friend, you made a great educational and funny video!
This video is very accurate but one of the big factors not mentioned is the poor negotiation tactics of the irish. De Vallera refused to go himself (for reasons that are still debated) and instead sent a delegation who hadnt even met to discuss their terms beforehand. They were spied on and turned against each other by llyoyd george to get the most favourable outcome for britain.
There's also the fact nobody knows how or who killed Collins. Not even an autopsy, which is suspicious.
Take this with a grain of salt, but I remember hearing somewhere that De Vallera expected peace to come with some nasty terms, and thus intentionally kept himself out of negotiations so he could (pragmatically) accept them while not taking the blame for it.
Of course, with a civil war and all the treaty's a very controversial thing, so I could see someone making that up. But it's interesting to think about.
De Valera knew that whoever went would be ostracised in some parts of Ireland as there'd be no way to secure an all-Ireland independence. That and the fact that although they had plenipotentiary powers, De Valera sent a team with a wide variety of views on what should be negotiated, which ultimately work against each other. Only Collins was able to keep them together to present a unified front.
The irish delegation was a mess but I don't think they got that bad a deal. The IRA were much weaker than the British believed and that they kept that a secret was critical for the eventual deal.
David Lloyd George's infamous "immediate and terrible war" threat was a bluff and the Irish delegation fell for it
Thank you for making this
"I was born on a Dublin street where Royal drums do beat"
Of course there are these comments
Got to give alot of credit to the Irish and Polish people, despite having their nations ceasing to exist and there occupiers doing there best to forcible assimilate them, they still held out.
Add to this Serbs, Lithuanians, Czechs, Latvians, Estonians, Greeks, and many other people in Europe, and even many outside Europe
For these reasons, the Irish and Poles were once seen as the worst "races" in Europe (especially pre-WW2)
Most Irish speak english and not irish, wasn't a total victory
@@Chactemal Thank fuck it's not near extinction like Manx is
@@Chactemal Ach táimid fós anseo, ní mór duit ach dul sa tóir orainn 😉
Me: *Reads title*
Me: “These comments are going to be fun.”
Not as bad as I’d have thought they’d be to be fair or not yet. Waiting on the up the ‘ra comments 😂
I can’t wait when talks about anywhere in the balkins or isreal again.
@@brandonlyon730 Bloodbath in the comments
Your videos are great!
Eamon de Valera threw Michael Collins under the bus and let him take the blame for not getting a deal he could never get!
RIP Big Mick Collins
They were both to blame to be fair. Collins also fired on his fellow countrymen with weapons supplied by Churchill and his government executed a number of fellow IRA who fought in the war of independence.
Ever since the movie Michael Collins, there has been so much history revisionism.
@@icemanire5467 tbf the executions didn't start until after Michael Collins had died
de Valera was being sneaky but at the same time Lloyd George was bluffing and Michael Collins fell for it plus Collins was supposed to notify the cabinet in Dublin before reaching any agreement with the British but didn't
@@gaelicfemboy7763 Dev gets a bad rap now of days and is the scapegoat of everything. He done some stupid stuff but he done a lot of good. As did Collins.
Dear HM, would you please consider doing a history of Donbas? The whole situation in Eastern Ukraine is quite confusing and your knowledge would be much appreciated.
20 year rule.
I live in Northern Ireland, I don't mind whether or not it unites but the Internet seems to think that NI is so likely to unite its almost a done thing, honestly though I Don't think it's likely any time soon
yeah some of the western counties have catholic majorities so if any "unification" of sorts happens it will more than likely just be those counties rejoining the republic
Definitely not any time soon. Probably sometime within the 21st Century. If not then a lot of people will be screwed.
Isn't it because Northern Ireland liked being in the EU and so the possibility of joining the Republic of Ireland a little more likely?
I heard it's mostly over the whole Brexit thing as of now, with the majority of northern Ireland and Scotland being against it.
@@captainterra4581 yep that seems more likely, where as antrim where I live is so pro union in my opinion it would cause more problems than it would solve
Excellent summary!
Finally! Some Irish history on this channel. You should do more videos on different types of African history, especially pre - colonial African empires and societies.
he could summarise all of africas pre colonial history in a 20 second youtube short
@@Alphae21 no
@@Alphae21in short Europe
2:57 didn’t he make the same offer to France? I’m surprised he didn’t unite England with America again, being drunk made him want to be friends with everyone just to spite Germany
I'm wondering what other grandiose promises Churchill made with no desire or even ability to follow through on. Seems like a habit of his.
@@RmsOceanic If drunken Churchill had all his requests accepted we’d live in a world where The United Kingdom of States of America, Britain, France, India, Poland and Ireland sounds more reasonable
@@XXXTENTAClON227 This would be the most interesting empire on the planet. A bunch people that historically hate each other put together as one nation would seem unstable and stable at the same time. (lmao I just realized I just described the EU after writing that)
@@dallascopp4798 lmaooo I realised at the end of your comment it was the EU as well 💀
@@XXXTENTAClON227 The best part was that EU was put together to spite Russia like Churchill wanted to do to Germany
Another Great video - Thanks. I have to wonder what happened to the Monarchy as Head of the State in 'Southern' Ireland?
Two step program:
1. In 1937, in response to the Abdication Crisis and the damage to monarchy's legitimacy, Eamon DeValera unilaterally asserted a new constitution that severely curtailed the Crown's authority in Ireland.
2. In 1949 they went for broke and unilaterally declared themselves a fully independent republic. Britain shrugged and went along with it.
Essentially, over time in the 1930s, the CommonWealth gave more powers to the states in it so they would be "equal" with Britain, not under it, sharing the crown.
The irish changed their constitution which whittled away references and oaths of loyalty to the king (They established a president with all Head of State powers, but there was still some form (albeit minimal) of submission to the crown). Eventually in the late 1940s, they officially declared a republic, leaving the commonwealth.
Thanks @greendayremix / @RMS Oceanic - I wouldn't say that was mistakingly omitted but it's a beauty that anyone that wants to know will go and search for it. In this case, helpful fellow followers who points us in the right direction ☺️
The statute of Westminster in 1931 gave dominions a lot more power over their own laws. De Valera heavily exploited the statute to systematically remove English control in Ireland. The abdication crisis gave him a good excuse and he declared an irish president in place of the king
this is the kind of real history lesson i like. short and substantial. in the same time i can brush my teeth!
While researching for an upcoming video, I've discovered that _many_ leading Irish Republicans in the 18th century were Protestants. What changed?
It wasn't solely down to religion. The people in the North considered themselves British (plenty were English and Scottish descendants)
@Black Wolfe mostly English and Scottish involved in the plantations
Mostly Presbyterians, who were discriminated against just as much as Catholics. Their conversion to unionism is a story in itself!
Time and culture, mostly. 1798 was the era of the Enlightenment and the birth of the nation state as a concept. Religion wasn't considered as essential as national identity, as seen over in Revolutionary France. But the 19th century saw Romanticism as a backlash to Enlightenment, and in some regards religious identity became important once again. But also Unionism was stoked by British electioneering, with mostly Conservative politicians in the later 19th Century playing the "Orange Card", stoking up fears that non-Catholics would suffer if Home Rule was granted, so they'd vote against the Liberal policies of Gladstone and similar. That Unionism took on a life of its own.
One of the reasons the majority of Irish Presbyterians & Protestants(especially up in Ulster) turned away from the United Irishmen cause was due to atrocities carried out in the 1798 Rebellion in Wexford especially. The burning of Protestants in the Scullobogue Massacre (an act that Oscar Dirlewanger would approve of) made it easy for the British to turn the Irish Protestant against Catholic. I'm not sure if Wolfe Tone ever learned what happened in Wexford before his fateful capture in Lough Swilly 1798.
Worth mentioning, the plantation of Ulster was preceded by years of warfare which had devastated the native population.
Attach "which had devastated the native population" to nearly every part of Irish history.
*Can we just take a moment to appreciate James Bisonette for his patronage in every video?*
Very informative. Cheers. ❤️
Can we just appreciate the "Well" at 0:23?
Finally a new video.
Let's look for Easter eggs
Easter uprising
I was going to pay a quick $50 on Patreon to have my name read aloud alongside James Bisonette but apparently all those spots are no longer available.
Had to get in early
@@jamesbissonette8002 no fucking way, no fucking way, no fucking way
@@The_Gerry_Man Agreed, there's no way that one is the real one.
@@joesomebody3365 I feel pretty real but this comment section has me question it regularly.
@@jamesbissonette8002 he’s actually real
I love that one needs to freeze this constantly to be able to pick up the many, many "subtle" jokes sprinkled in among the less subtle ones!
In reference to the US "taking their entire country with them" at the begining of the video, people seem to completely forget about the American colonies that didn't revolt and became Canada. I'm pretty sure they fought with the rest of the British forces.
-- an American
What is it with Northern land that makes people loyal to Britons?
Edit: To the confused people who seem to have missed the point and felt the need to say the same thing, not once, not twice, but 4 fucking times... This was meant to be a rhetorical question and a cheeky comment on both Canada and Northern Ireland being in the North of the land that separated from the British. You know, the comment above mentions Canada... It is northern land compared to USA...
@@nightrider_ what is it with any region in any country ? It's that the majority there simply consider themselves British...they are British.
@@nightrider_ what makes a bavarian loyal to germany?
they see themself as germans as do the northern irleand see themselfs as britsh
@@nightrider_ Because they're ethnically British. They came in the 1600s mostly from the Scottish lowlands and Northern England
@@nightrider_ Because they are not culturally or ethnically Irish, they are British settlers from Scotland and Northern England.