Making sulfur trioxide
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- Опубликовано: 26 авг 2024
- In this video we are making sulfur trioxide by dehydrating sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5). The video was created for entertainment and educational purposes only. Sulfur trioxide is not neccessarily toxic yet it is dangerous. It readily vaporizes at room temperature creating a dangerous dense white fog of SO3 and concentrated sulfuric acid which should neither be inhaled nor come into contact with your skin. Sulfur trioxide is a powerful dehydrating agent meaning. It readily rips many organic molecules apart and chars them. This also happens with your skin, eyes, lungs and everything else.
Appropiate PPE and extremely well ventilation were used.
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Add your SO3 reccomendations below this comment:
You can try to make HSO3Cl with the SO3 and gaseous HCl
I like that recommendation but I consider it to hard to do right now. I’d prefer something easy best performed directly in the broken ampoule without a lot of equipment necessary. Do you have another idea?
You could simply make Oleum with it and maybe use it to sulfonate something.
What should we sulfonate?
I was thinking about benzene.
Make Oleum with the SO3 in the damaged flask, it can be useful.
Nice video, sulfur trioxide is a really interesting (and dangerous) compound, for the broken ampule you could turn some of it to oleum and the rest for different reactions, I don't know of many reactions that need pure SO3 but the oleum could be reacted with magnesium oxide which should be chemiluminescent like what ChemicalForce demonstrated and it'd be interesting to see your take on that reaction
You are starting to become one of my new favorite chemistry channels. Great work!
Thank you!
Although I know that proper PPE was in place, I'm still scared of this
Wenn du geringste Mengen Ioddampf in das SO3 einleitest, erhält man grüne Kristalle. Habe ich einmal durch Zufall herausgefunden. Es handelt sich um Iod Kationen (I2+). Das macht auch was her als Ampulle.
Einfach nur Ioddampf in die Ampulle einleiten? Denkst du die Iod Kationen halten sich in einer verschlossenen Ampulle?
@@THYZOID Noch besser ist einfach nen Krümel Iod reinzusetzen und dann alles zu schmelzen dass es schön Homogenisiert. Beim erstarren sollten sich grüne Kristalle bilden. Ich habs damals anders gemacht, quasi Iodhaltiges Oleum erhitzt und dann bildeten sich nach dem Kühler Grüne Kristalle.
Das sollte unendlich haltbar sein solange es wasserfrei ist (sprich Oleum oder reines SO3). In Oleum ist es halt ne grüne Lösung, nicht so cool wie in reinem SO3. Wahrscheinlich müsste man es nicht mal schmelzen sondern einfach einige Wochen stehen lassen, die haben ja beide nen ordentlichen Dampfdruck das mischt sich schon von alleine. Aber erhitzen geht schneller.
Zu viel ist übrigens nicht gut denn dann ist es nicht mehr grün sondern eher schwarz. Taste dich einfach mal ran👍
Die Idee gefällt mir! Danke.
Werde das demnächst mal machen sobald ich weiß wie wir die Ampulle wieder zubekommen.
The stuck ground glass joint trick worked, thanks for sharing this! I didn't have a heat gun so I used a needle-tipped flame (Bernzomatic JT680 to be specific) and very gently waved the flame around the joint and it got unstuck very easily.. I didn't heat too fast as I was a bit afraid it would crack the glass or something.
Very cool video! Sulfur trioxide is one of the things I have never seen IRL. It's basically the anhydride of sulfuric acid, which already rips water out of molecules itself xD
Btw, inverted funnel gas traps don't work. I've understood why this still gets teached everywhere... Only a glass frit minimum 5 cm in solution really wash gas. The inverted funnel maybe catches a few per cent. The frit almost all of it. If you're scared of the frit clogging from salt build up, put a magnetic stirrer in it. If even that scares you, you can put a glas pipette very deep in solution, minimum 10 cm. That won't be as effective as the glass frit, but still way better than an inverted funnel.
The inverted funnel trap is the simplest form of trap you can set up without getting suckback with underpressure. As this synthesis does not really produce any gasses using this trap is perfectly suitable. If you have massive gas generation I agree. A funnel trap would not be the best option in that scenario.
I find the inverted funnel works great for really soluble gasses like ammonia. When you get the flow rate right none escapes dissolving into the water.
You could simply use addition funnel to add H2SO4 slowly with minimal exposure to atmospheric moisture (after watching it more I see you used it :D)
I actually wanted to do that throughout the entire procedure yet my addition funnel is broken and I didn’t want to risk it (notice the zip ties at the valve of the addition funnel). A new pressure equalizing addition funnel should arrive soon.
This is a really nice video with lots of deterrents and warnings. It a very scary gas. What is your plan with the SO3?
I’ll encase the big ampoule in resin for display. With the small one we’re going to make benzene sulfonate and another small experiment with iodine.
Very cool video! But please don't wear nitrile gloves when using the torch. Besides that it was a neat process!
welldone video for so3
i think you are a great man
Man I love chemistry so much. You're brilliant.
Remenber, If you think concentrated sulfuric acid is scary
you haven't heard of oleum yet
U could try and make SO3 with sodium pyrosulfate
I planned to try the persulfate method someday. Do you have a reference to the sodium pyrosulfate method? If so we might try that one out too.
As far as I’m aware, the method is to heat sodium bisulfate to around 230°c, which then turns into sodium pyrosulfate. Once you have enough pyrosulfate, heat it up to 460°c which decomposes into sulfur trioxide and sodium sulfate
Ok thanks! That sounds easy enough.
@@THYZOID I heard you can add the same (by bound water!!) amount of sulfuric acid to sodium pyrosulfate for obtain SO3 below 150°С. It was used on Tentelevsky chemical plant at the end of the XIXth centery and it worked. I will to try this method, but I can't finish the distillation of acid.
waaau this video is fantastic. I wish I had access to (PO5) Maybe you could make some dymethyl sulphate by mixing methanol with sulfur trioxide It would be great I congratulate you more videos like this please, greetings from Spain
Dimethyl sulfate is a really nasty substance. And its vapor pressure at STP is such that you could easily inhale a lethal amount of it. It was considered as a war gas during WW1. It was once the standard methylation agent, but because of its extreme toxicity alternative methylation agents are used whenever possible nowadays.
Very nice, thank you, from study time until every single time when i busy with the different experiments mostly I wearing no gloves, no eyeglasses.. its a big miracles.. but still I didn’t learn my lesson.. until this days I should 9 times blinds ( 4 times rally death) by different accidents happened in and out of the lab..Thanks to God
You should use a glass stick then you transferring dangerous liquids.
It burns a pretty blue color like in that volcano.
You can slowly melt a glass rod to get a thin thread like consistency on the heat gun and fill the hole to seal it Pour slowly so as not to get molten glass inside the so3
Why didn't you pass Sulphir Dioxide and Oxygen over heated Vanafium Pentoxide. Surely Phosphorus Pentoxide is more exotic ?
Sulfur trioxide might be one of the scariest things I’ve ever heard of.
Oh wow, why does RUclips recommend this channel now and not nine month ago? Realy nice content, I think i have to watch some videos for the next days. After seeing the terrace made from cobblestone (the exact ones all my neighbours have) and the tablecloth which design is... really german I thought maybe this is good chemistry content from germany?!? Could it be real? Now I have seen your german comments... Nice to have a really good german Nile Red! I can't wait to see your next videos!
Thank you I appreciate it!
I've always wanted to try the synthesis of acetonedicarboxylic acid from the oxidative dehydration of anhydrous citric acid with oleum. But not only is acetonedicarboxylic acid a very finnicky substance, preparing oleum calls for dissolving SO3 in 100% H2SO4, and the 19th century era reference papers usually neglect to mention that the huge amount of gas evolution during the (citric acid) reaction contains a f-load of carbon monoxide gas. So I guess it's more healthy to just stay away from trying it.
0:27 "140 ml of 69% sulfiric acid"? I assume you actually mean 96% sulfuric acid.
Ociacetileno.... nitrógeno liquido tienes de todo
Great video. I see your ampouling technique is excellent. Next time make a slightly longer neck, but all in all you got the essence of a proper method.
BTW, invest in some small teflon plugs and beaker or two, a sheet, foil. Those are highly useful when dealing with a monster like this compound.
As for the remains you want to destroy, why not trying to see how violently it will react with water? I don't recall anyone showing it on RUclips and literature usually says that it resists water (that's why oleum has to be made, first, when making sulfuric acid) and then, when a layer of sulfuric acid coats it, suddenly soaks in and detonates.
Do you know where to get Teflon plugs? I couldn’t find one on eBay and my nearby lab shop doesn’t sell them.
the real talent is making SO3 without already having H2SO4 or P2O5
We will do that eventually! Without these chemicals but a few others you can easily and cheaply produce massive amounts of SO3
@@THYZOID SO3 is used to produce H2SO4 so what is interesting is how can SO3 be made without having what it is made for i.e H2SO4. Of course we all know the industrial process but that's different
@@tokajileo5928 I´ll try the industrial process eventually. Slowly getting all the equipment for it
Very nice! I never thought it would be so relatively easy to make SO3. Is there any particular reason, that you couldn't add all of the sulfuric acid at once in the beginning?
Thanks! The sole reason I didn’t do that was that I’ve never tried this reaction before and therefore didn’t know how exothermic it might be.
Könntest du mir deinen discord Kontakt noch einmal schicken? Sehe den halben Kommentar kann ihn aber nicht öffnen
I use to have a deep whiff of SO3 every morning without any issues.
Gets the system running.
No one is running after that for a long time though
wow, we use those hand held heat guns for TPO/PVC roofing lol
Great video!
Thanks!
Cool Thank you!
Hello, Please explain the production of acetyl chloride
I’ll make a video on it someday but you either bubble HCl gas trough acetic anhydride or react PCl5 with Acetic acid.
Make oleum with the damaged one.
It´s already gone
I wounder if adding more H2So4 to the gas trap could of captured more of the SO3. Maybe even resulting in some weak oleum
I guess it won’t change anything. The amount of SO3 passing over is negligible. Even if more SO3 was leaving the apparatus most of it would probably react with the silicone tube.
Why not dissolve the contents of the 2nd glass in h2so4 and store it as oleum?
H2SO4 > 15% will be illegal by next year. Pure SO3 fortunately contains nearly no sulfuric acid and will therefore continue to be legal. We are going to make a small amount of oleum to make a small amount of benzenesulfonic acid though.
@@THYZOID Dude, where do you live? Europe? I can't imagine how crappy it would be for sulfuric acid to become illegal. I live in the US and I can buy like 93% as drain cleaner (I buy LiquidLightening, nice clear and colorless), or I can buy 98% on ebay.
Im sorry man, that sucks!
It does! But strangely enough chlorosulfonic acid can be bought and possessed legally.
Yes I’m from Europe.
@@THYZOID Oh wow, so its probably related to all of the acid attacks, isn't it? That's so sad. Im not sure banning sulfuric acid would help much, since the same type of attack can be done with other equally/more hazardous chemicals (eg: hot alkali hydroxide). But oh well.
Stock up while you can! I sure would. Get it by the gallon, lol.
You can get only > 15% by now. And it will be completely illegal to own above said concentration >:d
We’re going to dilute sulfuric acid in all kinds of mediums though…….
Used a little bit to big of a boiling flask. Could have gotten a 500ml
Efficient heating is important with this preparation. I don’t have a 500ml heating mantle so I used the 1000ml flask.
Why is polymerized sulfur trioxide useless?
It’s at least way less useful than unpolimerized SO3 because it cannot undergo many of the reactions SO3 can.
Could you make a video about SO3 preparation from Na2S2O7 and H2SO4? I heard about this method, but no one tried in last years. I can translate a small Russian paper about it and tell about my thoughts if you are interested
No. Concentrated sulfuric acid is now illegal here. Planned to make SO3 using V2O5, oxygen and SO2 though
@@THYZOID Seems bad( But you can visit other country, for example Polonia to make something interesting
@@dimaminiailo3723 it's a general EU directive, I'm afraid Poland will have to adopt it too in the coming years.
Why not use a new flask? Only had 2?
Yup only bought these
Apologhy I meant four joints at least
Why didn't you just wait to add the sulferic acid once everything was set up? You poured some in at the beginning and let loose some games then poured in the rest later? Why not put it all in from the top valve when your ready to start the process?
I never tried this before so I was cautious. I didn’t calculate any heat being release so I had to prepare for the threat of overheating leading to SO3 starting to boil followed by it just leaving the flask. Small amounts which are added directly are manageable. A runaway reaction with the all of the reactants combined would be a disaster.
12:44 Die Synthese von Thionylchlorid aus Schwefeldichlorid und Schwefeltrioxid wäre vielleicht nicht uninteressant.
Ich kenne aber keine Vorschrift, in der die Synthese genau beschrieben wird und ich weiß auch nicht, ob die Reaktion spontan abläuft.
Wikipedia verweist auf diesen Artikel: G. Brauer (Hrsg.): Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 2. Auflage. vol. 1, Academic Press, 1963, S. 382-383.
Allerdings bräuchtest du vorher auch eine entsprechende Menge Schwefeldichlorid. Das wiederum lässt sich direkt durch Einleiten von Chlor in geschmolzenen Schwefel mit anschließender Destillation zur Abtrennung von Schwefelmonochlorid (bzw. Dischwefeldichlorid) herstellen.
Ich habe auch mal was in der Art gelesen, wonach sich SO3 im Labormaßstab auch aus konz. Schwefelsäure und Na- oder K- Peroxodisulfat herstellen lassen soll. Probiert habe ich es aber nicht. SO3 nötigt einem Respekt ab!
Die Aufbewahrung in einer "Ampulle" eignet sich auch für Brom sehr gut (wenn man den Inhalt auf einmal verbrauchen und keine Restmengen aufbewahren will).
Werde versuchen in Zukunft SO3 auf zwei Wege herzustellen:
1) Direkte Oxidation von SO2 an V2O5
2) Oxidation mittels SO2 mit O2 und katalytischen mengen NO2.
Bei Brom mache ich mir gar keine Gedanken so oft wie das benötigt wird lohnen sich Ampullen gar nicht.
ich finde seinen Deutschen Akzent beim Englisch sprechen super😂👍
Would making chlorine heptoxide from perchloric acid work using this method?
Mate I don’t know everything. I’m sure there’s some great literature on this subject though.
In the end, what did you do with it?
It is still standing in my cabinet waiting to get embedded in epoxy. The damaged ampoule was used to make a small amount of sulfonated benzene and another small amount was mixed with iodine in an ampoule to make an interesting color.
SO3 can be made from the thermal decomposition of Fe2(SO4)3 or CuSO4?
definetely from copper sulfate but idk about the other one
Muy buen vídeo👍👍👌👌❤
Is it posible to produce thionyl chloride in an amateur setting?
For me definitely because I have access to extremely strong chlorinating agents. For most amateurs this is however impossible or only possible at a microscale.
guten tag :).
what happens if you drop a piece of sodium metal into liquid SO3 ?
It would probably be an extremely violent reaction
@@THYZOID I saw video of ChemicalForce when he dropped NaK into liquid chlorine an nothing really happened. strange. But when he dropped to liquid bromine, i exploded
@@tokajileo5928 na you did not explode. then why are you still typing
Me who wants sulphur trioxide to make sulphuric acid
I will cover another method without H2SO4 in the future
nice
Yummy aerosolized Sulfuric acid 😋
To destroy the Sulfur Trioxide the proper way: dip the open ampoule into sulfuric acid.
The fun way: throw it in a lake. (sadly illegal but whatever)
Yesss but it was mesmerizing to see such a dense white fog (dangerous but satisfying).
I might make titanium tetrachloride someday for the sake of seeing even more fumes.
Im not gonna destroy the sulfur trioxide. We’re going to do at least one experiment with it.
@@THYZOID yes!!! Titanium Tetrachloride!!! That would be great to see. It's the most fuming liquid that we know of right now, isn't it?
assuming a random 3rd world country decided to join the space race to mars, could this provide a cheap oxidant to a liquid fueled engine?
This would be one of the worst oxidants you could choose because it isn´t even considered an oxidizer
@@THYZOID interesting, on wiki it has the OX label, and a note that says that it can convert sulfur dichloride to thionyl chloride, which is different by one Oxygen atom. maybe it is selective then?
@@commonsense-og1gz on the german wiki it doesn´t have an ox label. But any oxide can be an oxidizer. iron oxide is an oxidizer in the thermite reaction but this does not mean it needs to be labled as an oxidizer
@@THYZOID it is on the English one. it should be labeled according to what it can do all combined, not selectively. iron oxide can be an oxidizer in probably more ways, also, it is labled as such in the english version as well.
@@commonsense-og1gz Have you already labeled the air that you are breathing as oxidizer? There should be a label on the door of every room in your house and also as a warning sign on the frontdoor, just in case you decide to go outside... !