@@jimurrata6785 I think if you saw the original line in the context of the game you might appreciate it more too! It’s tongue in cheek because they know how inefficient that would be in practice, and use it to explain why the main character can take so many shots. One can assume the bullets are propelled by something way less effective than a traditional bullet.
So, couple small corrections that you can easily test and verify: A solid plate of titanium that is thick enough to stop a given round out of a given bullet should not actually cause any soft tissue damage. The force of the bullet distributed across the plate won't hurt you. Solid plates, be they steel or titanium, have a different problem that makes them suboptimal for body armor: Spalling. The stopped incoming round effectively becomes an expanding disk of razor sharp projectiles. Generally you're wearing this on your chest, which means the spalling will generally hit your throat and upper arms. Steel and titanium body armor panels are usually encased in a thin kevlar "pouch" to try and catch this spalling. Other methods include spraying the surface of the hard body armor with, effectively, truck bed liner.
@@dwaynepenner2788 Yup it essentially comes down to the fact that very hard materials when subjected to an intense shock (Rapid change in force) tend to become a fragmentation hazard all of their own. This after all why surrounding explosives in a hard material usually a metal is often used as an anti-personnel weapon eg a hand grenade. The metal fragments from the shocked metal become a hail of effectively bullets all of their own.
That's spatter. Spalling is when the backside blows out, like ballistic glass without the polycarbonate layer. Spalling can occur on the front, but only if the plate is seriously damaged. It would come from a crater that would be near impossible from typical bullets slamming into AR500 steel. But yeah, nobody will ever convince me the impact (alone) is worse behind plate armor than soft armor.
@@seraphina985 i was talking to a fellow who was involved in mine detecting…darkly land mines have moved away from metal to fragment to make detection more difficult. Evil f***ing things and the devils that make them.
4:40 Titanium plates are and have been a thing for longer than we've both been alive. They may stop the bullet in a lot shorter time, meaning a lot more force, but they distribute that force over the entire surface of the plate, rather than stopping it over a distance which is directily into your body. People take hits on plates and are nothing but rattled, taking a hit in a kevlar vest will leave you with a NASTY bruise and possibly broken ribs. The only actual advantage of kevlar over hard plates is that it is like wearing a thick piece of clothing rather than....well a plate of metal/polymer/ceramic. Titanium plates are specifically a soviet/russian thing because of their access to the material and their existence lead to a specific type of weapon development in NATO because everyone was scared of soviet paratroopers landing behind the lines and police/rear troops not being able to harm them.
yeah, when she said that the wearer of the solid armor would have to deal with a more painful hit, I think she's never seen the bruises soft armor leaves. In addition to the force being spread out over a larger area thereby reducing peak pressure behind the armor, on hard armor the bullet doesn't just come to a complete stop, having transferred all its energy into the plate. Instead a large part of the energy gets carried away in the bullet fragments that splatter off the plate.
You are mostly right...... The only thing you missed on was that Kevlar actually typically contains the bullet and jacket and all spalling. Hits on a hard plate, unless it is coated with special materials, sends metal fragments everywhere when a bullet impacts it.
At 1:15, it wouldn't even need to be ferromagentic, just electrically conductive, thanks to Len's Law. Loving the addition of more "explainery" content to the channel. I think your pacing and presentation style suit it really well!
Which makes me wonder how a copper-jacketed bullet would behave. Would it be slowed in its entirety, or would the lead have enough momentum in contrast to break free and continue on its own? To the lab!
Considering that no current armour type, that we know of, uses magnets to slow bullets, even on armoured vehicles, I think it's fair to say it isn't an ideal solution. Especially once you start attracting every ferrous object within a several metre radius, such as cutlery, hand tools, the steel armour plate of the guy next to you, and quite probably including the hand grenade your enemy just lobbed in your general direction. 😂
Wow, Xyla, this was kick-ass! The graphics, the humor, the rapid-fire delivery of fantastic facts, the background wall of an amazing workshop. The infectious vibe of fun-loving adventures in science, building, asking questions, and the joy available by DOING are all reasons I love it whenever I get to see you in another video. This work took it to an even higher level. Thanks for all you do, and for making all our days better by sharing it with us!
the real problem with plates isn't really that they hurt you when they get hit, the problem is weight. body armor is a tradeoff between weight and protection. steel or ceramic plates can stop a more powerful bullet than kevlar, but they suck to run around in all day. soldiers wear plates because that trade off is worth it in the high threat environment of a battlefield, cops and civilians tend to wear kevlar because the worst thing you're likely to encounter is a knife or a handgun.
Ish.. generally when purchasing quality armor (please don’t buy steel armor it sucks, is heavy and if shot will most likely send supersonic fragments of lead and copper into your throat tummy and genitalia) you have a choice between weight, affordability, and quality. There are some very light lvl 4 ceramics now but they cost…quite a bit. Generally you can find some quality 7lb plates for a reasonable cost
Indeed - I think people who have been shot wearing kevlar vests would disagree with the pain explanation given in the video. Apparently you come away from that with some pretty awful bruising, whereas when you are wearing plate armour the impact is spread over a much wider area of your body (depending on the contouring of the plate, of course) so it probably hurts a lot less. Either way, you are the only available body to absorb all the momentum (m1v1 = m2v2) so I doubt the plate would hurt more.
Xyla, there's another factor in how Kevlar is made that helps slow the bullets down, it's the way that the layers are weaved. Each layer is diagonally and either vertically or horizontally offset to help stop the bullet. Also, love the green top in the ad read.
What she actually said was “….its not all about being strong and hard….” 😂 Funny how she says that right before a clip of her in the “bulletproof” dress where she seems to be wearing barely anything! 😂
4:39 - Yes... the ultimate force would be higher as the time to slow the buttle would be lower, but its impact also spread out over a wide rigid surface resulting in less local stress. Its common knowledge (in the gun worlds) that getting shot in soft (Kevlar) body armor is many times more painful than a plate catching a bullet.
I reacted at this too. You get a much wider surface and a much lower speed. The energy of a bullet is comparable to a strike from a fist. It's all about how concentrated it is. The reason you don't use metal plates is that it's too heavy for the protection it provides.
Also I don't understand her argument about titanium plates because steel plates are still in use. The whole reason they're falling out of favor is just spalling.
@@Mandatoryuser both steel (like AR500) and titanium are great at stopping bullets. We use steel probably because it better than titanium with the correct formula, but regardless is cheaper than any grade of titanium…. All that being said, Xyla prob choose to mention titanium because it’s 724 times cooler than steel.0
@@Forshledian I'm not disputing that ti or steel make for good plates. It's just that the departments around me are switching to ceramic plates for fear of spalling. The only reason not to use ti is cost tbh. I think a ceramic/titanium plate would be a neat concept actually.
I like the extra touch of you put in this video. Also I feel the mental stability thingy. It will get better, you can do it^^ also I want to say I see you as strong, with all the stuff you craft I see you as a kind of role model for that ^^
Bullet-resistant is the better term. Plus while kevlar stops the bullet from penetrating, the kinetic energy still hits you. So depending upon the vest design and padding, bruising and bone damage may still occur.
No bullet proof is a perfectly good term. It just gets it's meaning from context just like tall, short, poisonous etc... And if you really think about it bullet resistant is even worse. EVERYTHING is bullet resistant to a degree so if we are being pedantic it's an empty claim. We are still filling in details from context that tell us if it's 'sufficently' bullet proof to offer whatever degree of protection context requires.
"The plate *holds* -- why do you *think* I wear a target on my chest -- can't armor my *head"* -Batman, The Dark Knight Returns Nice explanation for the yellow oval around the bat symbol.
@@petergerdes1094 Yeah personally I kinda like proof in this regard because I assume that to mean it has been demonstrated to a definitive standard. Similarly I actually would prefer 200M water proof either of the terms only even really make sense when you state the standard that the design was tested against. In which case yes calling competition of that certification proof seems perfectly reasonable, a rated fire door is also fire proof up to the time stated on the certification within the limits of the test conditions too. Nothing is ever just indestructible but we can prove it's ability to withstand one or more standardised tests to establish what products fabricated to this design can be expected to reliably achieve in practice.
I like that you're able to try this type of educational format on a topic as well without having to make something physical! excited to see what you talk about next!
while wearing a titanium plate would transfer a fairly large force, it would also do it on a very large area, compared to a bullet, which would be more akin to punched by a really big hand, but rather softly. the energy contained in a 9mm bullet is similar to a very strong punch, which would absolutely suck when it hits you, but over a large enough area it shouldnt be too bad. i feel the main issue with titanium plates is cost and weight :\ compared to just composite materials(i haven't watched the full video yet, just the first 5 minutes or so)
9mm bullet is about 350-450 foot-pounds of force. in a .355 inch circle. Cost is the major factor regarding titanium,second is the lack of flexibility. weight of a Ti plate sufficient to stop a rifle bullet is manageable. BTW,titanium comes largely from Russia.
Using hard brittle highly static ceramics or cermets as a sacrificial layer to flatten shatter and spall bullet fragments before reaching the Kevlar layer is a popular augmentation; though having spent 30 months of my life wearing them as daily outerwear I can say it adds a bit more weight and bulk than it first seems
I always get a kick from anti-gun lobby media presentations where they show the entire cartridge exiting a rifle barrel. it speaks volumes to their credibility.
@@JayWye52Exactly! It's just like Formula 1 infographics where the car doesn't move lower to the ground when accelerating. Definitely invalidates every point they make in one single instant
Your humour in this one, went further than I've seen before and I'm here for it. Have loved your vids for years, but this one got a few chortles while teaching and entertaining :)
At 9:17, yes you did undermine the strength of the kevlar. Your earlier analogy was in how fast a bullet stops when hitting tungsten (which would actually spread the force over a wider area). The kevlar was not allowed to flex. Plus it was at right angles to the force required to stop the bullet. Kevlar vests use many layers of kevlar that are sort of loosely quilted together. Sometimes not even that. Plus there is more than one grade of kevlar. You can think of the kevlar in a vest acting as a catcher's mitt, spreading the force of the bullet over time and area. That's where the mojo is. The force squishes the bullet, breaks some of the kevlar fibers, and everything gets hot from the kinetic energy being turned into mechanical stress and then heat. Simplified version. And being shot while wearing a kevlar vest does indeed hurt quite a lot. You can even get broken ribs in spite of the vest catching the projectile. Blunt force trauma is a thing.
@@PrograError Yes, kevlar body armor is soft and flexible. Well compared to steel anyway! LOL. It can be supplemented to make it rifle rated with plate carriers. The plates are hard. They break up the bullets and also get broken up. The kevlar or UHMWPE is used as a backer to catch the bits.
Tensile strength is the stress at which the material breaks, and is a component of toughness, but not a measure of toughness on its own. Toughness is how much energy the material absorbs as it breaks. For metals a standard sized sample is broken with a pendulum, and the energy absorbed is measured by the height the pendulum reaches after the impact.
An absolutely excellent video as usual. Just one point, hydrogen bonds are not super duper strong. They're relatively weak electrostatic attractions between slightly negative, in your case, slightly negative oxygen atoms and slightly positive hydrogen atoms. In aggregate, they may add a lot of strength to the material, but individually they are very weak.
Xyla, love your humor all mixed up in real physics and materials. By the end of the video I was in fits. And I learned a few things too. I'm impressed, your talents seem endless...!
I'm just going to say I disagree at 4:55 and say it won't hurt that badly provided the Ti plate has sufficient surface area. Remember that the person shooting the bullet absorbed more energy because the velocity was as high as it was going to get yet the surface area of the shoulder pad or grip is more than sufficient to lower the pressure on the skin. Sure, there's an intermediary mass of the gun but in the end the energy of a typical bullet simply isn't high enough. Yes, things like 4 bores, 950 JDJ, are painful to shoot but that's largely because there isn't a way to make the surface area of the pad large enough. Sure there's also a momentum component too and being hit by a fastball also hurts.
If the plate is not penetrated, has a similar mass to the gun's, and has a surface area pushing against the target's body much larger than the surface area of the gun pushing against the shooter's body (that is to say, the butt plate and/or pistol grip), then the target would experience less trauma than the shooter. I'm not totally sure how relevant the mass is, to be honest. The greater the mass of the plate, the slower the acceleration of the plate, but you're still transferring all that energy to the target. That's relevant in general, but at these levels probably not significantly so.
@@wbfaulk Yea you are correct its more about the surface area of the force or pressure of the impact, by using a hard plate you are distributing that pressure across a wide surface.
@@wbfaulk Precisely, we're getting into the weeds when we start talking about the mass of the intermediary object because just as it effects acceleration, more/less mass also effects higher derivatives of position, namely 'jerk', 'jounce' a.k.a. 'snap', 'crackle', and 'pop' (which only proves someone has a sense of humor). Essentially, I guess we're actually talking about derivatives of inertia or momentum because mass can also change with time when speaking about bullets fragmenting but that's a deep weeds dive that I don't want to do. Actually I do but not now because my plate is currently full, but I digress. In the end, the dominant feature is surface area because if you can distribute that load enough so it doesn't make a hole in the body, that's primary, and the larger area where that load is spread, the better.
I love this video! Who would have guessed a 2-inch diameter spider web would tie a 747 to the runway? And the Hexagon?! LOL! THANK YOU for the fun video!
I mean this with all the heart. You gave us Bill Nye vibes and that is amazing. You would be killer doing more content like this for science classes and or PBS. Thanks for the fun, amazing and just down right awesome video.
"we fire the whole bullet. That's 65% more bullet per bullet. This is the same technology we've been using on robots for decades. Scares the hell out of them." "Cave Johnson, we're done here."
I don't see the neck of a case. It really just looks like a poorly CGI'd round nose bullet, the small crease at the back would not make a good rim for extraction. Not perfect, but not bad enough to bother me.
Awesome video Xyla overall. Super cool that you tacked this topic. As an avid shooter and former law enforcement the illustrations of a round rather than the actual bullet in your illustrations did drive me a little bonkers but that's just the perfectionist in me 😄
Ok. So I paused the video to write this. When it started I was like ohh cool. She been watching veritasum or what ever. Then I saw you put your own style into it. Love it! Then I saw the hexagon thing. I appreciate your style. Keep it going!
What is this video and where has it been all this time? Even though the topic didn't interest me directly, you kept it interesting and got me hooked until the end. Thank you, Xyla!
Never in my life had I seen clips of people actually getting shot and knifed while being safe behind those protections. My brain is shocked. Anyways. AWESOME VIDEOOOOOOO SO HIGH QUALITY!!!!!!!!!!! You are awesome Xyla.
As a Science Teacher ( Former and male )..... I LOVE Your 'Channel'!!!💗💗💗💗💗 Not only, 'Xyla', do you have a SUPER Science background, but your ENERGY is Astronomical.... been watching you since that cedar canoe... But you are V E R Y Inspirational!! AND...your humor is Totally Great too!! Interesting fact on "neutronium"....which WOULD make sense, since it is the MOST Dense material .... in the Universe!! Keep up the Good Science, Research, Inspiration, and Humor.... look forward in seeing you at 500K 'Subs'!!!
Angry merch-selling Xyla has got to be one of your most hilarious characters yet! 😂 Such a great educational and interesting video too, thanks for sharing!
Hope that was allergies or an off camera funny joke around the 930 mark. Your eyes had the look i have when im internally chanting 'keep it together' lol
Its also important to note that Kevlar will not generally stop rifle rounds and to do that we have to use a kinda ceramic composite that is actually very hard and shatters to dissipate the force of a rifle round striking it. I think most the time this 3A plates are also wrapped in a Kevlar kinda composite, also most Kevlar cannot stop knife stabs as well because the blade is able to just push the fibers out of the way eventually opening a hole in the weave. I don't know if a typical pistol around or a knife stab would have more force applied because a pistol round would be blunt versus the point of a knife being very small.
![Seungmin "그렇게, 천천히, 우리(As we are)" | [Stray Kids : SKZ-PLAYER]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/kAzmhLHePqU/mqdefault.jpg)
"Here at Aperture science we fire the whole bullet, that's 65% more bullet per bullet!"
Cartridge...
@@jimurrata6785 He's quoting a video game. Hence the quotes around his statement, if you thought you were being clever with the cartridge comment.
@@ascarletllama I get it
@@jimurrata6785 I think if you saw the original line in the context of the game you might appreciate it more too! It’s tongue in cheek because they know how inefficient that would be in practice, and use it to explain why the main character can take so many shots. One can assume the bullets are propelled by something way less effective than a traditional bullet.
ruclips.net/video/GEmowDnga64/видео.htmlsi=xOEleEYhpkAN5bNq
For those who didnt catch the reference 😅
So, couple small corrections that you can easily test and verify:
A solid plate of titanium that is thick enough to stop a given round out of a given bullet should not actually cause any soft tissue damage. The force of the bullet distributed across the plate won't hurt you.
Solid plates, be they steel or titanium, have a different problem that makes them suboptimal for body armor: Spalling. The stopped incoming round effectively becomes an expanding disk of razor sharp projectiles. Generally you're wearing this on your chest, which means the spalling will generally hit your throat and upper arms. Steel and titanium body armor panels are usually encased in a thin kevlar "pouch" to try and catch this spalling. Other methods include spraying the surface of the hard body armor with, effectively, truck bed liner.
spalling can also happen to the "armor" material on the side opposite contact. it is also referred to as scabbing and is pretty undesirable.
@@dwaynepenner2788 Yup it essentially comes down to the fact that very hard materials when subjected to an intense shock (Rapid change in force) tend to become a fragmentation hazard all of their own. This after all why surrounding explosives in a hard material usually a metal is often used as an anti-personnel weapon eg a hand grenade. The metal fragments from the shocked metal become a hail of effectively bullets all of their own.
That's spatter. Spalling is when the backside blows out, like ballistic glass without the polycarbonate layer. Spalling can occur on the front, but only if the plate is seriously damaged. It would come from a crater that would be near impossible from typical bullets slamming into AR500 steel.
But yeah, nobody will ever convince me the impact (alone) is worse behind plate armor than soft armor.
@@seraphina985 i was talking to a fellow who was involved in mine detecting…darkly land mines have moved away from metal to fragment to make detection more difficult. Evil f***ing things and the devils that make them.
@@Bob5mith It is still coloquially referred to as spalling. Very much an industry standard.
Love this new "Mythbuster"ry content! (Your building content is equally awesome of course!)
I see some Bill Nye The Science Guy in there too
Adam Savage mentioned watching another RUclipsrs video on bullet proof materials. I’d say this is the video!
4:40 Titanium plates are and have been a thing for longer than we've both been alive.
They may stop the bullet in a lot shorter time, meaning a lot more force, but they distribute that force over the entire surface of the plate, rather than stopping it over a distance which is directily into your body. People take hits on plates and are nothing but rattled, taking a hit in a kevlar vest will leave you with a NASTY bruise and possibly broken ribs.
The only actual advantage of kevlar over hard plates is that it is like wearing a thick piece of clothing rather than....well a plate of metal/polymer/ceramic.
Titanium plates are specifically a soviet/russian thing because of their access to the material and their existence lead to a specific type of weapon development in NATO because everyone was scared of soviet paratroopers landing behind the lines and police/rear troops not being able to harm them.
Glad someone gets it.
Yep cost and weight are the benefits of Kevlar.
yeah, when she said that the wearer of the solid armor would have to deal with a more painful hit, I think she's never seen the bruises soft armor leaves. In addition to the force being spread out over a larger area thereby reducing peak pressure behind the armor, on hard armor the bullet doesn't just come to a complete stop, having transferred all its energy into the plate. Instead a large part of the energy gets carried away in the bullet fragments that splatter off the plate.
You are mostly right...... The only thing you missed on was that Kevlar actually typically contains the bullet and jacket and all spalling. Hits on a hard plate, unless it is coated with special materials, sends metal fragments everywhere when a bullet impacts it.
@@siggyincr7447 it depends on the round you are hit, Kevlar vest will not stop a rifle round
Pretty awesome video! I giggled at 4:02
oh, healthy response as those were just some macho tickles 😁
At 1:15, it wouldn't even need to be ferromagentic, just electrically conductive, thanks to Len's Law. Loving the addition of more "explainery" content to the channel. I think your pacing and presentation style suit it really well!
exactly what I was thinking!
god dam it beat me to it
Makes me wonder how strong the magnet would have to be (and how close the bullet gets) in order to stop a bullet.
Which makes me wonder how a copper-jacketed bullet would behave. Would it be slowed in its entirety, or would the lead have enough momentum in contrast to break free and continue on its own? To the lab!
Considering that no current armour type, that we know of, uses magnets to slow bullets, even on armoured vehicles, I think it's fair to say it isn't an ideal solution. Especially once you start attracting every ferrous object within a several metre radius, such as cutlery, hand tools, the steel armour plate of the guy next to you, and quite probably including the hand grenade your enemy just lobbed in your general direction. 😂
Wow, Xyla, this was kick-ass! The graphics, the humor, the rapid-fire delivery of fantastic facts, the background wall of an amazing workshop. The infectious vibe of fun-loving adventures in science, building, asking questions, and the joy available by DOING are all reasons I love it whenever I get to see you in another video. This work took it to an even higher level.
Thanks for all you do, and for making all our days better by sharing it with us!
sometimes i feel like shes like "hey guys, remember im not just an good video creator.. im a GREAT one"
"Fighter Xyla" made ma smile. Your knowledge of physics is amazing. Thanks for sharing!
Yes she played the character well. Gave me 90's Gladiators vibe.
I never knew a talking head video could be this much fun while being insanely educational, loved it!
There is much more than just a head. This video reaches to the waist and sometimes even farther.
the real problem with plates isn't really that they hurt you when they get hit, the problem is weight. body armor is a tradeoff between weight and protection. steel or ceramic plates can stop a more powerful bullet than kevlar, but they suck to run around in all day. soldiers wear plates because that trade off is worth it in the high threat environment of a battlefield, cops and civilians tend to wear kevlar because the worst thing you're likely to encounter is a knife or a handgun.
Can confirm that ceramic plates suck ass to run around in. 0/10
Not only that, kevlar will cause far more damage if you're hit. Pain if it stops the round, horrific damage if it fails.
Ish.. generally when purchasing quality armor (please don’t buy steel armor it sucks, is heavy and if shot will most likely send supersonic fragments of lead and copper into your throat tummy and genitalia) you have a choice between weight, affordability, and quality. There are some very light lvl 4 ceramics now but they cost…quite a bit. Generally you can find some quality 7lb plates for a reasonable cost
@@gratefulguy4130 TANSTAAFL.
Indeed - I think people who have been shot wearing kevlar vests would disagree with the pain explanation given in the video. Apparently you come away from that with some pretty awful bruising, whereas when you are wearing plate armour the impact is spread over a much wider area of your body (depending on the contouring of the plate, of course) so it probably hurts a lot less.
Either way, you are the only available body to absorb all the momentum (m1v1 = m2v2) so I doubt the plate would hurt more.
Xyla, there's another factor in how Kevlar is made that helps slow the bullets down, it's the way that the layers are weaved. Each layer is diagonally and either vertically or horizontally offset to help stop the bullet. Also, love the green top in the ad read.
Please! the way it's woven not weaved. Weaved is the past tense of the action to weave. Please get your language right before you post comments ents.
I appreciate the educational lean of some of these recent videos. Im hoping that they're here to stay
Today was a tough day, many obstacles that i had to climb. But Xyla uploaded a new video so it's all good, i can relax now. :)
"It's not all about being hard." -- Xyla Foxlin
bruh
That's what she said!
There's still hope! 😂😂😂
What she actually said was “….its not all about being strong and hard….” 😂 Funny how she says that right before a clip of her in the “bulletproof” dress where she seems to be wearing barely anything! 😂
💀
5:30 ... is it pedantic to complain about the entire cartridge hitting the targets, rather than just the bullet?
No. It's accurate to show just the bullet. People from CA aren't smart about this kind of stuff!
I was about to say the same thing.
"Look at me I'm so smart"
and 0:41 or 1:11
yes
4:39 - Yes... the ultimate force would be higher as the time to slow the buttle would be lower, but its impact also spread out over a wide rigid surface resulting in less local stress. Its common knowledge (in the gun worlds) that getting shot in soft (Kevlar) body armor is many times more painful than a plate catching a bullet.
I reacted at this too. You get a much wider surface and a much lower speed. The energy of a bullet is comparable to a strike from a fist. It's all about how concentrated it is. The reason you don't use metal plates is that it's too heavy for the protection it provides.
Also I don't understand her argument about titanium plates because steel plates are still in use. The whole reason they're falling out of favor is just spalling.
@@Mandatoryuser both steel (like AR500) and titanium are great at stopping bullets. We use steel probably because it better than titanium with the correct formula, but regardless is cheaper than any grade of titanium…. All that being said, Xyla prob choose to mention titanium because it’s 724 times cooler than steel.0
@@jonasbarka steel plates for body armor are actually quite common
@@Forshledian I'm not disputing that ti or steel make for good plates. It's just that the departments around me are switching to ceramic plates for fear of spalling. The only reason not to use ti is cost tbh. I think a ceramic/titanium plate would be a neat concept actually.
When that scale came out, my mind went "Scratches at a level 6 with deeper grooves at level 7"
You clearly had fun with this one! 😂 Materials science is fascinating stuff.
her fun was contagious lol
This is one of your most funnest videos yet, you totally rocked it! 🤘
I like the extra touch of you put in this video.
Also I feel the mental stability thingy. It will get better, you can do it^^ also I want to say I see you as strong, with all the stuff you craft I see you as a kind of role model for that ^^
Yes! Xyla, when you said you aren't strong I get what you meant in that sense but you are most definitely strong!
Bullet-resistant is the better term. Plus while kevlar stops the bullet from penetrating, the kinetic energy still hits you. So depending upon the vest design and padding, bruising and bone damage may still occur.
Hydrostatic shock. It is a thing.
No bullet proof is a perfectly good term. It just gets it's meaning from context just like tall, short, poisonous etc...
And if you really think about it bullet resistant is even worse. EVERYTHING is bullet resistant to a degree so if we are being pedantic it's an empty claim. We are still filling in details from context that tell us if it's 'sufficently' bullet proof to offer whatever degree of protection context requires.
"The plate *holds* -- why do you *think* I wear a target on my chest -- can't armor my *head"*
-Batman, The Dark Knight Returns
Nice explanation for the yellow oval around the bat symbol.
@@petergerdes1094 Yeah personally I kinda like proof in this regard because I assume that to mean it has been demonstrated to a definitive standard. Similarly I actually would prefer 200M water proof either of the terms only even really make sense when you state the standard that the design was tested against. In which case yes calling competition of that certification proof seems perfectly reasonable, a rated fire door is also fire proof up to the time stated on the certification within the limits of the test conditions too. Nothing is ever just indestructible but we can prove it's ability to withstand one or more standardised tests to establish what products fabricated to this design can be expected to reliably achieve in practice.
She got it backward
I like that you're able to try this type of educational format on a topic as well without having to make something physical! excited to see what you talk about next!
I greatly appreciate the effort and work you put into your videos. These are amazing
LOVE the way the direction your videos are taking .... your way of teaching is A+
while wearing a titanium plate would transfer a fairly large force, it would also do it on a very large area, compared to a bullet, which would be more akin to punched by a really big hand, but rather softly.
the energy contained in a 9mm bullet is similar to a very strong punch, which would absolutely suck when it hits you, but over a large enough area it shouldnt be too bad.
i feel the main issue with titanium plates is cost and weight :\ compared to just composite materials(i haven't watched the full video yet, just the first 5 minutes or so)
9mm bullet is about 350-450 foot-pounds of force. in a .355 inch circle. Cost is the major factor regarding titanium,second is the lack of flexibility. weight of a Ti plate sufficient to stop a rifle bullet is manageable.
BTW,titanium comes largely from Russia.
It's so great seeing you back doing videos, the megawatt smile, and the funny asides. Looking forward to the annual Christmas gift shows.
Using hard brittle highly static ceramics or cermets as a sacrificial layer to flatten shatter and spall bullet fragments before reaching the Kevlar layer is a popular augmentation; though having spent 30 months of my life wearing them as daily outerwear I can say it adds a bit more weight and bulk than it first seems
I love this video so much xD Not only is the topic interesting but the presentation has this 'mood energy' that I can totally appreciate 😄
That corset shot, innuendo, Jeremy Clarkson, entire rounds being fired instead of just bullets?
This video has it all!
I always get a kick from anti-gun lobby media presentations where they show the entire cartridge exiting a rifle barrel. it speaks volumes to their credibility.
@@JayWye52Exactly! It's just like Formula 1 infographics where the car doesn't move lower to the ground when accelerating. Definitely invalidates every point they make in one single instant
@@FumbleFellow , love your sarcasm 🙂
This is my first time watching one of your videos and I have to say... love the energy!
Love this format!
Your humour in this one, went further than I've seen before and I'm here for it. Have loved your vids for years, but this one got a few chortles while teaching and entertaining :)
At 9:17, yes you did undermine the strength of the kevlar. Your earlier analogy was in how fast a bullet stops when hitting tungsten (which would actually spread the force over a wider area). The kevlar was not allowed to flex. Plus it was at right angles to the force required to stop the bullet. Kevlar vests use many layers of kevlar that are sort of loosely quilted together. Sometimes not even that. Plus there is more than one grade of kevlar. You can think of the kevlar in a vest acting as a catcher's mitt, spreading the force of the bullet over time and area. That's where the mojo is. The force squishes the bullet, breaks some of the kevlar fibers, and everything gets hot from the kinetic energy being turned into mechanical stress and then heat.
Simplified version.
And being shot while wearing a kevlar vest does indeed hurt quite a lot. You can even get broken ribs in spite of the vest catching the projectile. Blunt force trauma is a thing.
I'm guessing kevlar body armour is actually the soft ones... that plates added is metal based.
@@PrograError Yes, kevlar body armor is soft and flexible. Well compared to steel anyway! LOL. It can be supplemented to make it rifle rated with plate carriers. The plates are hard. They break up the bullets and also get broken up. The kevlar or UHMWPE is used as a backer to catch the bits.
Marvelous explanation and your delightful sense of humor enhanced it further. Thank you so much! 😊
Tensile strength is the stress at which the material breaks, and is a component of toughness, but not a measure of toughness on its own. Toughness is how much energy the material absorbs as it breaks. For metals a standard sized sample is broken with a pendulum, and the energy absorbed is measured by the height the pendulum reaches after the impact.
Hands down the most educational, entertaining, and kick ass science lesson I've ever seen! Bravá and keep up the good work.
An absolutely excellent video as usual. Just one point, hydrogen bonds are not super duper strong. They're relatively weak electrostatic attractions between slightly negative, in your case, slightly negative oxygen atoms and slightly positive hydrogen atoms. In aggregate, they may add a lot of strength to the material, but individually they are very weak.
Loving the jump into Edutainment!! Feels natural and I like both the maker type videos and these!
Well Professor Foxlin. That class was brilliant, thank you 😃
Enjoyed the humor whilst still teaching us 'stuff'.
Thanks Xyla.
4:05 has got to be the cutest thing you've ever done on video 🤣 also, relate! And great use of the green screen at the end hahaha
Xyla, love your humor all mixed up in real physics and materials. By the end of the video I was in fits. And I learned a few things too. I'm impressed, your talents seem endless...!
I'm just going to say I disagree at 4:55 and say it won't hurt that badly provided the Ti plate has sufficient surface area. Remember that the person shooting the bullet absorbed more energy because the velocity was as high as it was going to get yet the surface area of the shoulder pad or grip is more than sufficient to lower the pressure on the skin. Sure, there's an intermediary mass of the gun but in the end the energy of a typical bullet simply isn't high enough. Yes, things like 4 bores, 950 JDJ, are painful to shoot but that's largely because there isn't a way to make the surface area of the pad large enough. Sure there's also a momentum component too and being hit by a fastball also hurts.
If the plate is not penetrated, has a similar mass to the gun's, and has a surface area pushing against the target's body much larger than the surface area of the gun pushing against the shooter's body (that is to say, the butt plate and/or pistol grip), then the target would experience less trauma than the shooter. I'm not totally sure how relevant the mass is, to be honest. The greater the mass of the plate, the slower the acceleration of the plate, but you're still transferring all that energy to the target. That's relevant in general, but at these levels probably not significantly so.
@@wbfaulk Yea you are correct its more about the surface area of the force or pressure of the impact, by using a hard plate you are distributing that pressure across a wide surface.
@@wbfaulk Precisely, we're getting into the weeds when we start talking about the mass of the intermediary object because just as it effects acceleration, more/less mass also effects higher derivatives of position, namely 'jerk', 'jounce' a.k.a. 'snap', 'crackle', and 'pop' (which only proves someone has a sense of humor). Essentially, I guess we're actually talking about derivatives of inertia or momentum because mass can also change with time when speaking about bullets fragmenting but that's a deep weeds dive that I don't want to do. Actually I do but not now because my plate is currently full, but I digress.
In the end, the dominant feature is surface area because if you can distribute that load enough so it doesn't make a hole in the body, that's primary, and the larger area where that load is spread, the better.
I love this video! Who would have guessed a 2-inch diameter spider web would tie a 747 to the runway? And the Hexagon?! LOL! THANK YOU for the fun video!
That ending was the best!! "HELL YEAH, MERCH!!"
ROFL
that was awesome!
Thanks Xyla!! :-)
Merry Christmas!!
This educational Xyla content is fire
Amazing video @Xyla. Loved it.
Hyped up Xyla needs to be a regular thing.
She tries; some days it's harder than others
She's losing her Cheerios a little bit there at the end, but it was great to see her let go and will help to sell some merchandise.
I still love it when Xyla goes full nerd deep dive into a subject 😊
Xyla: "Welcome to the Hexagon!"
Me: "France?"
Love to see you so energetic Xyla
Why does the bullet have the cartridge rim...
Cos that's the art obtained.
Some gyrojet bullets look like that. I know it's a huge reach but they are cool af.
Here at Aperture Science, we fire the whole bullet - that's 65% more bullet, per bullet!
To annoy the pedants
She’s firing the whole bullet to get 60% more bullet per bullet
Cool new format. I really appreciate the more informative, but still engineering focused videos.
missed opportunity for "glass scratches at level 6, with deeper grooves at level 7"
I was waiting for it tbh xD
also the "hexagons are bestagons", but bruh, jokes were on-point!
What a good video Xyla!!!
You made my day better
Oh my god this video was so fun. 😂😂😂❤❤🎉🎉🎉
I had a few teachers in my day with your enthusiasm - LOVE IT!!!
Wow ... huge upgrade to production quality.
Xyla, that ball gown was my favorite build of yours, ever! 😊
I don't know much about Moh's scale of hardness, except that glass scratches at a level 6 with deeper grooves at a level 7.
Ah yes. Here it is. 😂 Nicely done!
The humor in this video is over 9000 in comparison to your normal videos. I needed the laugh. Thank you
Ok you had me rolling around 2:48
Thanks Xyla for your awesome vids. I hope my 5 year old watches your channel when he gets old enough. He loves science already. Cheers and Merry Xmas.
0:41 FACTS Batman will NEVER beat SUPERMAN💪🏾💪🏾💪🏾💪🏾
Okay, fr fr, your merch is way cuter than most. Keep up the awesome videos and keep smiling! :)
Xyla becoming a gun tuber in addition to the already full resume is a dream come true.
You are an exceptional science communicator, Xyla. So proud of you.
1:15 whole case flying with the bullet hahah
Loving the new Veritasium-esque format of these knowledge transfer videos!
This video was all over the place. I think Xyla had too much sugar cereal before filming this one.
This was so awesome!! Love all the examples and the fun you brought to the topic
0:14 heard that out of context...
Again you give me more reasons to never stop loving your channel 🥰
3:44 hydrogen bonds are pretty weak individually. I am guessing it is the sheer number involved that confers strength.
The number helps making the material crystalline, but I would expect the breaking and forming of hydrogen bonds to help with the flexibility.
@@ViktorBengtsson I was thinking the same thing :)
This full-on science communicator mode is fantastic. I'm sure these kinds of videos are a ton of work, but it shows.
0:41 whoever created this animation has no clue how bullets or firearms work LMAO
Special guns for this vid. Far more impact when you launch the the cartridge too.
"That's 65% more bullet per bullet!"
-Cave Johnson
I mean this with all the heart. You gave us Bill Nye vibes and that is amazing. You would be killer doing more content like this for science classes and or PBS. Thanks for the fun, amazing and just down right awesome video.
Are we just ignoring that the animations show the shell casing flying along with the actual bullet?
Yes.
"we fire the whole bullet. That's 65% more bullet per bullet. This is the same technology we've been using on robots for decades. Scares the hell out of them."
"Cave Johnson, we're done here."
Maybe a rocket bullet, can’t remember the proper name, don’t care.
@@salzar4431 Gyrojet, Brandon Herrera has a good video about 'em.
I don't see the neck of a case. It really just looks like a poorly CGI'd round nose bullet, the small crease at the back would not make a good rim for extraction. Not perfect, but not bad enough to bother me.
Awesome video Xyla overall. Super cool that you tacked this topic. As an avid shooter and former law enforcement the illustrations of a round rather than the actual bullet in your illustrations did drive me a little bonkers but that's just the perfectionist in me 😄
Merry Christmas Xyla, thanks for the crash course lesson, and enjoy your Christmas!
Ok. So I paused the video to write this.
When it started I was like ohh cool. She been watching veritasum or what ever.
Then I saw you put your own style into it. Love it!
Then I saw the hexagon thing.
I appreciate your style. Keep it going!
This might be my favorite Xyla video so far
I really like this new informal content! Also love the build stuff too!
Glad to see the energy and creativity exploding in this video.
Must be all the Kevlar Freudian Slips you’ve made.😂
What is this video and where has it been all this time? Even though the topic didn't interest me directly, you kept it interesting and got me hooked until the end. Thank you, Xyla!
Never in my life had I seen clips of people actually getting shot and knifed while being safe behind those protections.
My brain is shocked.
Anyways. AWESOME VIDEOOOOOOO SO HIGH QUALITY!!!!!!!!!!!
You are awesome Xyla.
As a Science Teacher ( Former and male )..... I LOVE Your 'Channel'!!!💗💗💗💗💗
Not only, 'Xyla', do you have a SUPER Science background, but your ENERGY is Astronomical.... been watching you since that cedar canoe... But you are V E R Y Inspirational!!
AND...your humor is Totally Great too!! Interesting fact on "neutronium"....which WOULD make sense, since it is the MOST Dense material .... in the Universe!!
Keep up the Good Science, Research, Inspiration, and Humor.... look forward in seeing you at 500K 'Subs'!!!
This new format is wildly different - i like it!
Awesome video! My dreams of Bulletproof Ballgown 2.0 are renewed.
Angry merch-selling Xyla has got to be one of your most hilarious characters yet! 😂
Such a great educational and interesting video too, thanks for sharing!
Great video! You are so good at explaining stuff in an easy to understand way!
You are very good at explaining stuff. Loved the video
Loving this new style of videos.
Hope that was allergies or an off camera funny joke around the 930 mark. Your eyes had the look i have when im internally chanting 'keep it together' lol
Its also important to note that Kevlar will not generally stop rifle rounds and to do that we have to use a kinda ceramic composite that is actually very hard and shatters to dissipate the force of a rifle round striking it. I think most the time this 3A plates are also wrapped in a Kevlar kinda composite, also most Kevlar cannot stop knife stabs as well because the blade is able to just push the fibers out of the way eventually opening a hole in the weave. I don't know if a typical pistol around or a knife stab would have more force applied because a pistol round would be blunt versus the point of a knife being very small.
Hey Xyla!!!
Just here to wish you and your family a very Merry Christmas!!!
Such a nerd, I love it!!! Happy holidays
We should call it the element of “Surprise”!!!! 😂
Love the new format!