The Electrical Grid and Electricity Supply | A Simple Explanation
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- Опубликовано: 31 май 2024
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Learn how the power grid works and how electricity is delivered to your home! Learn all of an electrical grid’s main components, design features, and how it works! Essential knowledge for anyone working in the electrical engineering or power engineering industries!
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▶️How Electrical Grids Work
Electrical power is predominantly generated in power stations although smaller generation sites now exist (solar panel installations etc.). More than 95% of the world’s electrical power is generated from turbines. Turbines act as prime movers and cause rotors within generators to rotate.
Once electrical power has been generated, it is distributed through a series of conductors (think of copper or aluminium cables) to an electrical transformer.
Electrical transformers increase voltage and consequently reduce the current (Ohms law), but the power remains roughly the same. It is necessary to increase the voltage to reduce power losses (P=I^2R), but it also allows for the use of smaller conductors to be used. Transformers that increase voltage are referred to as ‘step-up’ transformers.
Conductors then feed from the transformer to a series of transmission towers (electrical pylons). Power reaches the area where it will be consumed and is reduced in voltage by a step-down transformer (voltage reducing transformer).
The equipment necessary to increase and reduce voltage (transformers, breakers, surge arresters etc.) are housed within structures known as ‘substations’ (normally open air switchyards).
It may be necessary to reduce the voltage several times until it reaches a level that is suitable for consumers (10 kV, 6 kV, 3 kV, 380 V etc.). The voltage required by consumers depends upon how the electrical power is utilised. Industrial plants require 3 phase medium voltage power whilst residential areas require single phase (1 phase) 220 V or 110 V. The power grid is split into generation, transmission and distribution sections.
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Want to teach/instruct with the 3D models shown in this video? Then visit:
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I am an electrical engineer but this video was much more helpful than my school's notes. Really nice work!!!
11:05 The reason that the transformer core is a bunch of laminate (insulated) metal sheets instead of a solid piece of steel, is to reduce magnetic field eddy currents. The purpose of the ferrous core is to merge the two coils' fields for greater induction efficiency; however, each electrified coil is turning the ferrous core into an electromagnet; and THIS electromagnet produces an additional magnetic field (the aforementioned eddy current). This eddy current works against the efficiency of the whole system! So the solution is "divide and conquer" and use several very small pieces of steel which are electrically insulated from one another, and this prevents the core from becoming a giant electromagnet (but rather numerous very weak ones).
Excellent content. Even a non-technical guy can easily understand various intricacies of the subject. Thank you.
Great overview of the eletrical grid. Video with a fantastic quality and very pedagogical. Well done! I'll definitely follow another ones.
Sir, your's explanation is the best easy to understand and very informative including the minor detailed working of the system .
Thank you sir for such hard work
Excellent explanation even for beginners from outside this industry. I believe these basics are enhancing every one’s knowledge. Keep it up and thanks for your efforts..
Amazing. As a software engineer i never could wrap my head around electricity.... but I clearly understand this explanation.
Thank you for presenting so neatly! Presentation is the key to understand. Your video presentation is way worth more than school and college bookish crap. The purpose of voltage really made sense to me with this video presentation than what is presented in school textbooks.
Excellent explanation! I can easily understand how power grids work. Thank you!
I like all your videos & you speak with clarity & in one of the most coherent fashions. I like your British/Australian ascent, animation etc. Keep it up
Very good, man. Your videos helped me understand this things in a very deep way. Congrats!
I'm starting out in the solar power industry, and this helps me a lot. Thank you!
I work as a generation dispatcher in a secure control room and this video really helped me understand how electricity is transferred from our generation stations to the individual residential consumer. The idea of transformers wasn't very clear to me until watching this, thank you!
You're welcome!
It helped me a lot...thank you for making is so easy to understand
thank you. i needed this
I've just subscribed and im looking forward to learn more especially for the subjects of electrical engineering
Very informative, I really like the steps.
Another great video, a video on some Control and Instrumentation Equipment would be great!
Excellent explanation. Learned a lot!
You're content is gold
Great video. Thanks for taking complicated concept and making it understandable.
You're welcome.
Amazingly explained 👍👍👍👍
Excellent explanation!!
An explanation the lay man can understand thank you from Australia
Thanks for this vidro simple explanation electricity supply
You are welcome
Brilliant explanation... Please keep up the great work.... 👍
Best explanation, thank you Sir, very informative video
Amazing video!
Excellent, my friend. Greetings from Brazil.
really easy to understand, great explanation!
Perfect explained
Awesome channel john. Thanks
Thank you! So helpful
Fantastic video, thanks
like always, your videos are fantastic. Thank you very very much. I have learned many things.😇😋
Thanks for the video!
Great video John. REFCL transformers kiosk substation or Rmu would be great.
Sir, you are a super star. Thw way you explain everything is marvelous
Thank you
Excellent
Beautiful
Thank you.. Really well explained.
Glad it was helpful!
Thank you. Currently doing ND: Power systems (Electrical Engineering) This explained a lot.
Q: so if you want to build a hospital (anything that requires a lot of vintage consumption) you need to look at a place where it's near to get access for HIGH vintage consumption?
P.s just subscribed
I've been in the electrical field for 22 years. I've taught electrical theory and I run large commercial projects. This is a good, detailed explanation. Good job
Well made
Wonderful explanations, thanx a lot.
Now I would like to know how you conduct tests on a three phase transformer .
very cool
Was dying laughing when that goofy transformer was dancing lmao
My whole "power electrical systems" curse from college summarized in 18 minutes, just brilliant.
Nice one Piers Morgan 👍
Hoping you can answer two questions I have on this topic: 1) What happens to electricity that is not consumed by the end users of the line? 2) How much extra energy is produced by an average grid as to prevent brown outs in everyday demand on the grid?
How do you loin this channel in order to see member-only videos? Thank you.
superb
Thanks 🤗
very informative video. if you will be able to show me working of switchgear, it will help me a lot.
Very well explained!! Thank you very much!
You are welcome!
would conduction work in pure vacuum as it does for air conduction?
Very Very good
Thanks
@@savree-3d I am a Korean. Where are you there?
I have a doubt about the losses’ entity. Known that power lost is PL=R*I^2, we also have I=V/R, so PL=V^2/R. R remains constant since it depends only from the material properties and the wires’ length and diameter, so the losses also go with the square of the voltage. Hence why is it actually more convenient to use low current and high voltage?
Very good point and somehow seldom properly explained. When they talk about high voltage, they mean high voltage compared with the ground. So there is a lot of excess charge in the power lines.
However, the difference between the excess charges on one end of the power line and the other side is very small. This means that the voltage difference on just the power line is very small, hence also the small current.
Isn't the Primary Consumer voltage supposed to be 0.4kV?
it's ESO!
I'm a little confused about the relationship between V=IR and P=VI. With P=VI, increasing the voltage means current goes down because power is the same, but with V=IR, increasing the voltage means current goes up because resistance remains the same. So in a step up transformer, if the secondary coil has a higher voltage and lower current, doesn't that mean it must also have a higher resistance than the primary coil? Otherwise V=IR wouldn't be obeyed because V is going up while I is going down, so R has to make up the difference.
Ohms law only applies to completely resistive circuits, transformers aren't purely resistive as they also have a magnetic component, with the core being a magnetic circuit and the windings being inductors, hence they have inductance values, it's quite a complex topic to explain, but I suggest searching "transformer equivalent circuit" and you'll get your answer eventually lol.
Anyone able to tell me how desert power fits in on this?
Didn't know being an engineer is F4H_SuperGT side gig!
Why can't the transmission lines be insulated by plastic instead of air(13:20) ?
You could, but it's not needed. You would also need a lot of plastic.
hi
bravoo
saVRee I thought you were the valve guy, now I think you are the know-it-all dude😂😭😭😭
👍
Thanks!
Lets take a moment to thank Tesla for his inventions.
Energy created or destroyed? Where does lightning come from? Where does it go?
Light can transform into carbohydrate , and oxygen in a tree leave.
Power go bzz
Shout out BSCpE 2-1
Mechanical force + electricity = Magnetic force............. Superconductors uses this principle to generate magnetic force used to power Maglev trains.
Magnetic force + Motion = Electricity................. 3phase AC generator uses this principle to generate electric power.
Magnetic force + Electricity = Mechanical force....................... Motor uses this principle to generate motion & it is used in power tools, vacuum cleaners, turbines etc.
sir i m a govt employer in india electrical board how i can apply job canada power borad
As a side note, out electric grid here in the US is SO FRAGILE AND SUBJECT TO MASSIVE FAILURE due to the LACK OF MAINTENANCE AND UPGRADES over the past 70 or so years. One TRILLION dollars would not be enough to completely upgrade the system. Expect more and more "power disruptions" and LONGER "outages". People have no comprehension of how expensive towers are, transformers are, permits and right of way issues, and everything else associated with electricity generation and distribution. All they care about is that their A/C works and their refrigerator works so they can have cold martini's.
you sound like smile 2 jannah
How many klm in the national grid.
How much does the grid cost to build per klm.
Why build more than one line of transmission towers.
Just use one ?
Did the national grid take a century to construct ?
If no fossil fuels in the future do we need 5 times more electricity, 5 times more grid capacity and 5 times more generators ???
I think that the grid is the killer cost to an electrical grid future.
Great minds discuss ideas.😊😊
Average minds discuss events.
Small minds discuss people.😮
My comment is for my philosophy and Analogy. I am only searching the relationship of electricity, economics and political laws.
terrorist state of Russia lost a war on transformers last winter, thank you for your support, love from Ukraine 💛💙
I've had a long day... not now honey
is this piers morgan...
TOM PIPPS FOAM- BATON ROUGE LOUISIANA USA HI HELLO &
Electricity is managed, not "manufactured ". High voltage dont require a constant imput of coal or gas to boil water to make steam to turn some massive generator that "pumps " current along a billion miles of wires. Instead high voltage is balanced in a resonant loop and is coupled to ground through transformers. The current that runs our devices strictly from the secondary coil of that pole transformer dont "draw " energy from a frickin fuel fed machine. There is no physical wire connecting our stuff to anything pass this point. The flow of current to ground is as natural as lighting . If theres a proper air conditioner, heater , stove ect, in the way , oh well. There's no doubt ,to design buid and maintain the grid is costly. Now days computers controlled voltage regulators and what nots are managing the show , theres really no need to have some guy turn the big power dial up or down .
I = E / R. If you reduce Resistance, Current will reduce as well.
@@savree-3d Ya I did screw that up somehow.
Guyfikn
lol no
You need to find the time to get a better work dress too !
wrong video! sorry