My physics teacher once asked me where my home work was. I told him it was part of a home work field. With my home work popping in and out of existence almost instantaneously. And there always being an uncertainty of where the home work actually is. He laughed, and I got off easy that time.
@@ericmc6482 my physics homework is in a superposition of being eaten and not eaten by my cat. It's not "whole and complete", it's not "eaten by the cat", it's not both, and it's not neither
Hey Arvin, after binging all of your video's I have become so increadibly intersted in physics, you are one of the main reasons for me choosing to study physics. So I want to thank you for making seemingly impossible to understand subjects intuitively availible to all of us :)
Many real science explainers and demonstrators on youtube are excellent: Sabine, Sean Carroll, Don Lincoln, many others, and especially this channel should have several million subscribers. Arvin is a superb explainer with team behind him. This is like Feynman brought back to life. Not a single filler word and each thought leads to the next. And without silly sound effects. Superb.
filler words, almost instantaneously, the fields are everywhere (fields are planes/plains/2d surfaces of anything. if they are planes that mean, no 3rd dimension). if red fields are everywhere then that implies all fields are everywhere. greens, blues, yellows are everywhere. if everything is everywhere then any one of these particles could never be detected. they are part of everything else. but you say you can be observed. that is like saying adding colored dye to a clear glass of water, the dye goes everywhere. And I don't believe solutions like this decay and become an area of clear water and an area of pure dye. All this standard and quantum stuff could be true but the illustrations don't seem to match the storyo.
As always, Arvin makes a highly complex concept really approachable and brings it closer to our limited minds. Thank you for that, every time you create a new video I watch it with confidence that I will be able to grasp the concept behind it. The only thing that I know I will be missing by the end is simply more on the subject. It's like a window to a new universe which is shortly opened for us.
12:40 - When he said “I find this to be beautiful” - his smile was one of the most beautiful, meaningful things I’ve ever seen. Incredible theory and incredible presentation!! ❤
Another great video, Arvin! I also really appreciated your framework of using classical physics to "explain" electron behavior in an atom, and how that doesn't work, so it led to quantum mechanics. Like 99% of science communication is finding a way to make unintuitive concepts more intuitive for people, and I think using that historical parallel really does a great job of showing that we had a tool, it didn't work to explain this behavior, so we observed that behavior and it helped us create another tool, that then led us into that same situation again, and tada, QFT. Really well done.
@@shawnscientifica7784 Or that story might be all guesswork, as we don't KNOW what happened in the past. We make assumptions. We cant even agree what really happened in WW2. let alone millions of years ago.
You are becoming my favorite over PBS spacetime!!! don’t get me wrong. I still love that show but I feel like your last couple videos, you have given me “aha" moments, both on explaining in a layman friendly way, but also love how are you tie it together with the we are all one thing!!! I always wondered if it was just me or if there were people who understood it much better than me who also got the feeling that the things we learn from quotum mechanics seem to jive with a lot of the eastern philosophy about we are one… you are the universe… etc
They do. And not just eastern philosophy. It reaches a point where you become inclined to listen and consider what older cultures have said. We tend to think the old ones couldn't possibly have any accurate concept of the fundamentals of reality, but ultimately science is only describing something that already exists, in order to understand it in a new way, but(apparently) it's not the only way. After all, there are many paths to a single destination. The curious part is how they figured some of these things out without science. Makes you wonder about the other things they've said that we haven't figured out or linked scientifically.
Great thing about physicists like you is they can step aside from the math and actually explain whats going on. An oft overlooked aspects of explaining physics. I'm a physics teacher myself and I teach this way also.
@@creativesource3514I understand the basics of how an internal combustion engine works, but I couldn’t design and build one. That’s kind of like understanding this stuff in principle versus calculating all the wavefunction madness
What a great visual depiction and explanation. It's people like you who make this world a better place....well for me it is. Thank you! I am interested to know how the fields are interconnected with all time and every thing.
WOW WOW Mr Ash, Thank you for this videos! Every new video gets better and better! As i said before, i'm nowhere near of a physicist, but for the first time i feel i understand a little bit QFT! Please i hope people make your videos more popular and that you get to 1M subscribers soon! Thank you and your team!
Thank you Alvin , been trying for years to explain fields , you gave the explanation with graphics that definitely help folks wrap their minds the coolness, or hotness , or beauty of everything.
PLEASE do a video on Quantized Inertia by Dr. Mike McCulloch. It explains galaxy rotation WITHOUT the need for Dark Matter (mathematical fudge factor). It elegantly combines Unruh Radiation, Casimir Force, and Rindler Horizons to explain inertia.
Yeah another weird idea. Inertia caused by Unruh radiation with a temperature even lower than hawking radiation. And how would it explain the usual roadblocks to non-Newtonian models such as baryon-acoustic-oscillations, bullet cluster, dark energy and the large scale structure of the universe and how would even higher accelerations (eg. above 1000 times higher in the CMB era) fit with observation?
Thanks Arvin, I really enjoyed this one. The interactions between fields has never looked clearer to me. An anti-neutrino is just like a neutrino, except that the field's value "points the other way"... assuming that's accurate, it's a really intuitive way to think about it and helps a great deal.
5:40 "This would mean that there would be some reference frame in which the future could influence the past - breaking causality." Arvin can you explore this area in a video or point me to one if you have already? Specifically, why is the future influencing the past any different than the past influencing the future, and so on. Would be interested in your take.
@@ArvinAsh Thank you that did help. I was caught up in the future affecting the past, which appears to be less the issue than the larger problem of events being out of sequence.
7:54 maybe there are a finite number of particle-anti-particle pairs in the universe and since they are together, they are undetectable but if you apply enough force, you can separate them.
This presentation made sense to me FINALLY! So cool to "get it" understood after much deliberation, studying, confusion, etc. Thank you Arvin. My world makes so much more sense . Love you too...
One thing I try to wrap my brain around is why a graviton would be needed? As far as I understand it, gravity isn't a force at all, it's an effect that mass / energy have on spacetime itself, distorting it, including time, to warp towards concentrations of mass and energy. Disturbances in the various fields, if we assume QFT is correct. So where would a particle have to come into this equation? Is it just that at the smallest scale, the warping of spacetime doesn't mathematically account for gravity?
when there are quantized energy levels in wich the fields can be exited, how can the Energy distribute into a wave funktion? ( I know, its just the probability to find the quanta of exitement at the points in space time, but the wave ofprobability clearly interacts with itself)
when energy is quantised, there is a specific value in which the energy distribution is allowed.. they borrow the energy created in the vaccume as stated in the video, but the total energy borrowed is so less that it is considered negligible but its there.... and as we know from Einstein energy mass equation it can be converted into one form from another but the total energy remains the same or elese it would conflict with the energy conservation law.In simpl word, otherwise it requires advance mathematics to explain it in detail... of how thery are exchanged and trust me you'll hate it, its really long and hard, it will give you nightmare, also you might have heard of the particle dual nature, its all from there
QFT doesn't really have wave functions, it has field operators. Most QFT calculations consider non-interacting initial and final states being linked by an interaction matrix (called the S-matrix). Also: the wave function is not just the probability of finding a quanta at a point in spacetime. QM is non-relativistic, so time is just a parameter, so its "in space". The schrodinger eq then describes the time evolution of the system. But the point is the wave function is a complex (as in real + imaginary parts) probability _amplitude_ ....very different from its square: the prob. of finding a quant at "x".
I just found your channel two days ago and I love it so much! I’ve watched tons and tons of video but yours is simply one of the best I’ve come across so far, you did a very wonderful job sir 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻 Also, I’ve never seen a more beautiful segue to the sponsor bit of the video, very well done ♥️
💯🤍🤍🤍12:19 "The universe is made of the same basic stuff, and we are all simply a series of excitations in it. So when someone says we are all one, or that we are all connected to the universe, this is not just a fanciful idea, but has a real physical meaning. I find this to be beautiful." Arvin Ash. "ECK is the totality of all awareness." "ECK is the golden thread, so fine as to be invisible yet so strong as to be unbreakable, which binds together all beings in all planes, in all universes, throughout all time and beyond time into eternity." _The Shariyat-Ki-Sugmad Book 1_ (Way of the Eternal).
That's a good question. Other than containing various fields, the actual makeup is not really understood. According to Loop Quantum Gravity, it is quantized. See my videos on Loop Quantum Gravity. But this is not a universally accepted concept.
@@ArvinAsh If spacetime contains the various fields, and gravity is the curvature of spacetime, wouldn't the fields also be curved due to spacetime's curvature? Doesn't that incorporate gravity into QFT? Or is the curvature not big enough to be relevant at the scale QFT operates in?
QUESTION: How does Quantum Field Theory overcome the "Cause & Effect" problem associated with "information" travelling faster than the "Speed of Light" in reference to a particle with one "Up" Quark and one "Down" Quark? Remember, in Quantum Physics those two Quarks simultaneously exist as "Both" the "Up" Quark "And" the "Down" Quark until the exact moment of observation is made for a measurement. When an unobserved unit is separated by a great distance - such as two light years - this causes problems. For example, if the person at Point A observed that there was an "Up" Quark, it would mean the other Quark "instantly" transformed into a "Down" Quark at Point B that is two light years away. This means "information" has travelled faster than the "Speed of Light" - which should not be possible. How does Quantum Field Theory overcome that problem?
The crucial issue is that the collapse does not occur in a way that transfers information between the particles, but rather represents a change in our knowledge of the system. The two particles are in a state of superposition until we measure them. When one of them is measured, the other, although spatially separated, assumes a value that is correlated with the first. This is what gives the illusion of an instantaneous and non-local action. They are linked together in a "global" state but they will not be able to exchange informations, since their outcome after the measurement is randomic (probabilistic, actually). When talking about entanglement you simply have to ignore about space/distances, altough everything happen in our space-time.
@@nmarbletoe8210 There are no particles traveling or exchanging information. When entangled states "collapse" due to measurement, there is no physical transfer of particles or signals between them. Entanglement represents a quantum correlation, not a mechanism for exchanging information. The resulting state cannot be predicted. The measured states are random and unpredictable, but their correlations are consistent with the entanglement. For instance, if you measure one particle and find its spin "up," the other particle's spin will be "down" (or vice versa), as dictated by their entangled state.
Thank you so much for this video and explanation. Utterly superb. Erudite, clear and perfectly paced and exemplified. All the stuff I’ve been watching in this area of physics over the past year (in my retirement) is now coming together. 💡
Arvin can you show us how matter and energy stay together in these fields on a macro level. Like, how does our bodies stay together in the same way without morphing and changing within these fields. And if two or more people are standing together how would it look in the fields. I hope i explained myself well enough🤓
Lots and lots of balancing of electromagnetic forces. Atoms repel, link together in molecular bonds, slide around, and influence each other. The reason you and everything in the universe doesn't just fall apart is because all the particles, atoms, molecules in your body interlock and attract and repel and move around in a way that creates what we perceive as solid structure. Think of how a pile of sand doesn't just collapse and roll away like a pile of marbles might, or how a bunch of tangled-up pasta is hard to untangle if it doesn't have any sauce. They're made of unconnected bits, but the pieces interact in a way that gives them shape.
@@ArvinAsh I have had the same question as "Dray", but I can never get an answer that is explanatory. Can you expand on "it's all energy"? - this does not really answer the question in an understandable way (at least for me). So if we think we see matter, this is just a trick that our brain is playing on us? Or is it a matter of semantics? What we ordinarily call "matter" is perhaps "really" energy, but it is identifiable to us as "matter", distinct from what we would perceive as "energy". I think the real test of that theory (or at least of one's belief in it) is to not hesitate to commit suicide. That would just be the rearrangement of energy fluctuations etc in a quantum field.
Such a great video!! So QFT simplified in context of this video is just multilayered unlimited unified field playing, explaining itself to itself about how itself explains itself constantly with energy conserved. If energy is constant maybe in "bigger" smaller scale energy is just another layer of QFT.
Great video! It's intriguing to see how quantum field theory provides a more complete picture of the universe compared to previous theories. Thanks for making these complex ideas clear and accessible.
Another wonderful learning tool! Thank you Professor Ash. At 10:01, you say that the energy transfers between particle fields happen almost immediately. Do we know how fast? Perhaps c, or the same speed at which entangled particles interact, or some other speed? I would love to see what these quantum field animations look like while collapsing the shared wave function of entangled particles 🙏
@@ArvinAsh can you explain the mass gap problem? it's one of the 7 millineum problems. I'm 13 and interested in physic but it's kinda hard to understand
At 9:23 we learn that “Matter particles can’t interact on their own without an intermediating Boson”. Does this mean there is a boson interaction between the Down quark becoming an Up quark? The animation at 10:18 does not show it.
Yes, the W boson. It's there, but up on top of the up Quark field for illustrations purposes. In reality, the fields would be 3D in everywhere, intermixed with each other.
Incredible explanation of QFT. I find myself trying to imagine how all those fields overlap and exist at every pinpoint spot in space....deeper dimensions of the super small make my head hurt but I still want to have it make classical sense.
I found my connection with everything around me when I realized that we are the universe that has become aware of itself. "We are made of starstuff. We are a way for the cosmos to know itself." - Carl Sagan
I'm not embarrassed to say that after giving this a deep thought, and all the entails , this "oneness" in this stage of spacetime, it was a realization that made me cry
Very nice episode Arvin :-) My opinion is that the concept of separateness may be the most misleading concept we have in physics. It shapes our intuition and the questions we ask.
Before I learned physics, I saw visions on mushrooms. After learning physics, I'm about 80% sure what I saw was something like QFT. Only a few things were different
Great video! Watching the modeling of these standard model fields, or fields with energy excitations, can’t help but notice and consider the bending of the space. Like what gravity does.
Dear person reading this You should be beyond proud of yourself to beyond a gazillion times and beyond that and beyond that and beyond that and beyond that and beyond that!😃
@@ArvinAsh didnt mean to throw shade and you are right. QFT is great. It makes it all make sense. I sucked at chemistry until I got to QED. Then QFT took me to the next level. Chemistry is sill not my strongest suit but I enjoy how QFT makes everything waves... i think love operates kind of the same way. Though that would be a different realm of discussion.
7:08 _“There is a field for every particle in the Standard Model.”_ Uniquely, our species combines physical and social cognition. Like many complex living organisms, we quickly comprehend a wide range of complex but common dynamics in the physical world, with waves arguably one example. Our distinction is how we convey and elaborate those insights over space and time, with the power of mathematics arguably the pinnacle of this socialization of high-precision physical insights. There are also dangers within this unique cognitive pairing. If we can share an idea precisely, we can also convince ourselves that an insight shared is an insight _understood._ The powerful concept of “a field for every particle” is science’s supreme paradox, providing its best and worst predictions. Its particle predictions are robust and precise over an astonishing number of digits, yet as usually interpreted, it is also the direct source of the utter insanity of the vacuum density catastrophe. However, even within its range of solid and beautifully precise predictions, it dances too quickly, as if inconsequential, over an obvious question: Out of a literal infinity of mathematically conceivable fields and field properties, why is this astronomically tiny subset of conceivable fields the only one we observe? When the chemical elements first emerged as distinct and well-defined entities, I suspect at least a few people argued that the elements were simply givens to be accepted as such. Fortunately for modern quantum chemistry, this minority view never made much headway. Alas, for quantum field theory it prevailed. A primary duty of science is never to accept the existence of small sets of obviously similar items as “givens.” The similarity alone argues powerfully that some deeper structure hides beneath them. That is one of several critical insights still missing from quantum field theory. Speaking of missing, why _is_ gravity missing? One might also ask why gravity is the only force that does not induce inertial forces - the feeling of acceleration - when it pulls two objects closer. Another name for this peculiar deviation is Einstein’s equivalence principle, the idea that gravity and the force of acceleration are in some way different aspects of a single underlying reality. The equivalence principle is the foundation of General Relativity and a feature _never_ found in boson-mediated forces. That alone suggests that despite their superficial similarity of causing objects to move toward each other, gravity and the three forces of the Standard Model are _not_ closely related. Another oddly glossed-over feature of quantum field theories is that all variants of this mathematical framework are inherently frame-locked “ether” theories. Why would I say that? It’s not complicated. No matter how many new inertial frames a quantum field theory invokes _within_ its diagrams and calculations, its application to any testable system starts and ends with potentials with locations well-defined relative to each other. Those starting points with well-defined relative locations in spacetime form a well-defined inertial frame, meaning that all of the new inertial frame states proposed within those figures and equations are necessarily energy-limited children of that finite-energy starting frame. In retrospect, this odd bit of skipping over such a critical detail began over a century ago and has had more than a bit of help from the space-prioritizing neural designs of our brains. Pre-Einstein Faraday assigned every point of his singular-inertial-frame “space” with sufficient real-vector data storage capacity to give every infinitesimal point in a 3-space the capability of retaining indefinitely the infinitely precise real-vector data needed to express multiple field vectors over an astonishing range of magnitudes. Forget physics for a moment: Any modern technologist would recognize this not as a vacuum but as an impossibly energy-intensive, near-infinite matrix storage device equipped with sufficient mass to preserve each bit for indefinite durations of time. Faraday’s initial misconception of how space works, rather than any twiddling with the parameters of relativity or quantum field theory, is the true origin of the vacuum density problem. Quantum field theory’s models are robust and beautifully predictive, and this will never change. They are, in fact, the correct mathematical description of how any given collection of mutually communicating matter and energy forms a well-defined inertial frame. The catch is that this modeling power comes into play only when supplied with energy, mass, potentials, and a well-specified inertial frame. Notably, such ether theories have no connection with the featureless, energy-free, multi-frame vacuum of special relativity. Since inertial frames are the units for exchanging momentum across diverse scales, quantum field theory has been underutilized as a model for understanding and quantifying the many odd relational complexities of matter and energy within and between internally bound classical systems. For example, the system-wide inertial-frame unity of QED allows a massive and profoundly classical mirror to gain a tiny impulse of momentum from a photon that reflects from it, despite no one electron ever absorbing that photon. It is also worth noting that for those who hope to find some more profound unity in the fabric of quantum field theory physics, the existence of hierarchies of quantum fields at vastly different scales of space and time does provide hope. Ironically, we can never understand when and how that unity applies until we do a better mathematical job of capturing the _limits_ of quantum field theory. Finally, we need greater awareness of how our biological biases can subtly undermine our understanding of a universe that works more in Poincare symmetries and light cones and doesn’t always feel a burning need to match our _xyzt_ expectations. *Addendum 2022-10-23:* _Wave Collapse as QFT Frame-Packet Mergers_ For completeness, I should mention that quantum wave collapse is real but better described as a bottom-up merger of previously isolated QFT frames. The cause is always the same: A two-way exchange of minute, unquantized quantities of linear momentum. When one QFT “frame packet” is immensely larger - e.g., an experimenter - than another QFT packet - say a free hydrogen atom in space - the acceleration of the larger frame is almost, but not entirely, undetectable, as proven by the existence of solar sails that steal trivial bits of momentum from many photons to accelerate space probes. The larger object undergoes almost no changes in its QFT organization, except that it receives enough momentum to gain something called “information” about the smaller frame. That’s all information ever is. It is exchanges of momentum (or, in the more interesting case, mass) that identify (“observe”) the relative location of two QFT frames and, at the same time, merge them into a single new QFT packet with a new inertial frame. When the QFT packets are comparable and small in size, such as two particles colliding, the newly merged QFT packet can remain sufficiently isolated to stay quantum from the perspective of outside observers. These QFT merger cases form a continuum in which higher masses and more complex systems “know” more precisely where they are relative to the rest of what we think of as the universe. Wave-collapsing momentum transfers are a testable idea. When photon wave functions “see” branches of an apparatus in which the photon never deposits quantized _energy,_ that does not keep the wave function from imparting an incredibly tiny bit of momentum into other “blind” parts of the apparatus, just as those photons did on solar sails. Such tiny momentum deposits should, in principle, always be detectable with the proper setups. The hidden momentum part is not new. My first mention of the necessity of cryptic momentum transfers was over two years ago: _First Prediction of Momentum-Pair Creation in Stern-Gerlach_ (July 28, 2020) sarxiv.org/apa.2020-07-28.1338.pdf If I sound too confident about this topic, it’s those solar sails. They are inexplicable under QED, which confines momentum transfer to the particle level. Recognizing that QFT is the binding unit for these classical-object-level momentum transfers - and this is new - should, in time, make the model nicely mathematically specific and predictive. The bottom line is that despite the remarkable successes QFT has already chalked up, its journey in making new predictions about how the universe works are far from over. Far from undermining its power, a “granular QFT” interpretation - one in which QFT breaks down into multiple scales of isolated, mass-and-energy ether units - converts it from the cause of the vacuum density catastrophe into the foundation unit for the emergence of cosmic spacetime. It’s how multi-scale QFT packages interact with each other that should, in the not-too-distant future, finally explain gravity at a deeper level. The equivalence principle of General Relativity - the rule that says that sufficiently smooth gravity does _not_ cause QFT mergers - is a massive clue for that part of this upcoming endeavor. ---------- Terry Bollinger CC BY 4.0 2022-10-22.00.05 EDT Sat PDF: sarxiv.org/apa.2022-10-22.0005.pdf
as someone who just learns physics from tv, youtube and podcasts, qft has always been so confusing, magical and mystical but this video has helped me massively understand how it works
Very brief, informative and extraordinarily helpful. Thank You! So many clips on science are far too wordy and unfocused. I don’t have enough time to struggle through them. Yours was right to the point described: PERFECT!!
Are there overlapping "clouds" of electric field, up quark field, down quark field, etc, which takes my shape as I walk around? Am I a construction of me shaped fields?
The fields are everywhere in all three dimensions. And all parts of your body are ultimately made of quantum particles, which are excitations in the various fields...so your analysis is correct?
@@ArvinAsh Right? All QFT examples are abstract bump particle meets abstract bump, but you are made of them. But a description of a man shaped "cloud" "walking" "on" the sidewalk shaped cloud passing tree shaped clouds would be strange.
the clouds unfortunately (or rather, luckily) collapse when interacting with other quantum particles such as photons (taking a measurement) So on a macroscopic level, the particles are very localised and produce a very unwieldly human bean. If we are a cloud, we're a very thick, dense, watery, anxious cloud that a plane would not like to fly through, compared to a light airy electron cloud
I'm a Computational Astrophysicst working also on Philosophy of Physics problems and Im fairly comfortable with some of the techincal machinery of QFT. But watching your video made me almost tear up to see QFT from a bird eye perspective and admiring its beauty. I'm sure I'll come back to it, often in life
Does theory say anything about the number of virtual particles/antiparticles appearing and annihilating in a field change over time? Or is it a constant due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle?
I agree, it is the most beautiful theory for now! But I have a question, does QFT explain why energy is transferred between fields? I will clarify, does this theory predicts when the energy will be transferred between field so we are getting rid of the probabilistic things? We use probability approach because we do not understand how it works, we see only some statistics that it happens with some probability. I thing the theory of everything should explain certain conditions when the decay happens or not.
Yes, energy is transferred through a boson intermediary. This is usually dictated by charges and proximity to the charges. The transfer results in a lowering of overall energy of the system.
It's a problem not only for Penrose but is a problem in quantum mechanics. The standard interpretation of QM is that the wave function of a quantum object "collapses" after interacts with something. But there is no mechanism that seems to explain this, so it remains a bit mysterious. I will cover a concept called decoherence in a future video that attempts to explain a mechanism.
Excellent episode. According to SR and GR time is relative. However, is the so called proper time (tau) of each world line also relative? Or is the question meaningless due to the very definition of proper time?
Best brief QFT intro I've come across!
Minimum
So can this quantum field interaction account for entropy?
Love these vids and yours Sabine!!
If Sabine says this, I have to watch this video in every detail .
Sabine your videos are amazing the same way!
My physics teacher once asked me where my home work was. I told him it was part of a home work field. With my home work popping in and out of existence almost instantaneously. And there always being an uncertainty of where the home work actually is. He laughed, and I got off easy that time.
😂
"My cat ate my homework" and it's not where I looked 🤣🤣🤣.
@@ericmc6482 if it's a Schrödinger's cat...
@@Lorenzofronti cat field.
@@ericmc6482 my physics homework is in a superposition of being eaten and not eaten by my cat.
It's not "whole and complete", it's not "eaten by the cat", it's not both, and it's not neither
The lucidity of your presentation and explanations makes what appears complex simpler to understand. Much appreciated!
agreed !
He would make a good used car salesman, able to convince the gullible of any nonsense. Which this all is.
@@L2p2
Why is it nonsense?
@@70AD-user45 did I say it is ?
Hey Arvin, after binging all of your video's I have become so increadibly intersted in physics, you are one of the main reasons for me choosing to study physics. So I want to thank you for making seemingly impossible to understand subjects intuitively availible to all of us :)
Great to hear! Thank you. Welcome to the journey.
@Arvin Ash sir 🙏 I suggest you to read about Advait Vedant which is very similar in concept to QFT
LMFAO! You got tricked by a fraud! This guys actually pretty stupid.
Many real science explainers and demonstrators on youtube are excellent: Sabine, Sean Carroll, Don Lincoln, many others, and especially this channel should have several million subscribers. Arvin is a superb explainer with team behind him. This is like Feynman brought back to life. Not a single filler word and each thought leads to the next. And without silly sound effects. Superb.
L l Q
Meanwhile a bunch of wooo space is cool! channels with info from wiki have millions of views.
filler words, almost instantaneously, the fields are everywhere (fields are planes/plains/2d surfaces of anything. if they are planes that mean, no 3rd dimension). if red fields are everywhere then that implies all fields are everywhere. greens, blues, yellows are everywhere. if everything is everywhere then any one of these particles could never be detected. they are part of everything else. but you say you can be observed. that is like saying adding colored dye to a clear glass of water, the dye goes everywhere. And I don't believe solutions like this decay and become an area of clear water and an area of pure dye. All this standard and quantum stuff could be true but the illustrations don't seem to match the storyo.
Totally agree !!
Dude, this explanation is probably the best I have ever seen for QFT. Thank you
yes sir !
Agreed : )
What's blowing my mind is this video is basically particles explaining to other particles how particles work.
As always, Arvin makes a highly complex concept really approachable and brings it closer to our limited minds. Thank you for that, every time you create a new video I watch it with confidence that I will be able to grasp the concept behind it. The only thing that I know I will be missing by the end is simply more on the subject. It's like a window to a new universe which is shortly opened for us.
Certainly changes the way I think about Matter and Energy and their complex interactions. Thanks Mr. Arvin.
What an amazing episode. Amazing visuals with outstanding explanation. 🙏
Did you eat your curry today my friend...
@@Sidionian yes bro 😀
These idiots are beliving it out now when our ancestors found it long time ago... Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam Whole world is one family 🥰
@uPtrade 😢
Qft most closer lord buddhas talks
12:40 - When he said “I find this to be beautiful” - his smile was one of the most beautiful, meaningful things I’ve ever seen. Incredible theory and incredible presentation!! ❤
Arvin Ash's videos make complex concepts so appealing and intuitive. Highly recommend this channel. Thanks so much Arvin
i second that !
i use this and pbs space time to get familiar with last science thoughts.
Another great video, Arvin! I also really appreciated your framework of using classical physics to "explain" electron behavior in an atom, and how that doesn't work, so it led to quantum mechanics. Like 99% of science communication is finding a way to make unintuitive concepts more intuitive for people, and I think using that historical parallel really does a great job of showing that we had a tool, it didn't work to explain this behavior, so we observed that behavior and it helped us create another tool, that then led us into that same situation again, and tada, QFT. Really well done.
I can't wait until amplituhedrons get explained on this channel. You're so good at explaining!
That's incredible that the fields extend in time as well as space. The best news I have heard in the 13 billion years I have existed. Well done man!
@uPtrade and fake reply
do you also believe in Santa Clause? You seem very gullible.
13.7 Billion* and honestly. We might be older.
@@shawnscientifica7784 Or that story might be all guesswork, as we don't KNOW what happened in the past. We make assumptions. We cant even agree what really happened in WW2. let alone millions of years ago.
@@shawnscientifica7784 I remember when it was about 12 billion+. Each new space telescope puts years on my life!
You are becoming my favorite over PBS spacetime!!! don’t get me wrong. I still love that show but I feel like your last couple videos, you have given me “aha" moments, both on explaining in a layman friendly way, but also love how are you tie it together with the we are all one thing!!! I always wondered if it was just me or if there were people who understood it much better than me who also got the feeling that the things we learn from quotum mechanics seem to jive with a lot of the eastern philosophy about we are one… you are the universe… etc
They do. And not just eastern philosophy. It reaches a point where you become inclined to listen and consider what older cultures have said. We tend to think the old ones couldn't possibly have any accurate concept of the fundamentals of reality, but ultimately science is only describing something that already exists, in order to understand it in a new way, but(apparently) it's not the only way. After all, there are many paths to a single destination. The curious part is how they figured some of these things out without science. Makes you wonder about the other things they've said that we haven't figured out or linked scientifically.
Beautifully described and edited video. This is a visualization that I have not seen before but it clicks so many pieces into place for me!
Great thing about physicists like you is they can step aside from the math and actually explain whats going on. An oft overlooked aspects of explaining physics. I'm a physics teacher myself and I teach this way also.
Is it really possible to understand QFT/QM with maths? Even GR?
@creativesource3514 If you believe it is, it is.
@@bryanchambers1964 I'm a doctor. I was just asking as you are a physics teacher.
@@creativesource3514I understand the basics of how an internal combustion engine works, but I couldn’t design and build one. That’s kind of like understanding this stuff in principle versus calculating all the wavefunction madness
Arvin, you are astonishingly good at what you do. Please never stop. Thank you.
Best visual explaination Arvin! QFT is beautiful and it shows us that at the smallest levels there is actually nothing. Just invisible fields.
With such an immaculate explaining method, we had no issues in understanding everything you explain to us ,, many thanks .
Great graphics for the interaction and mediation between fields! Thanks again for the great content! See you in the next video, my friend!
What a great visual depiction and explanation. It's people like you who make this world a better place....well for me it is. Thank you!
I am interested to know how the fields are interconnected with all time and every thing.
Thanks!
many thanks!
WOW WOW Mr Ash, Thank you for this videos! Every new video gets better and better!
As i said before, i'm nowhere near of a physicist, but for the first time i feel i understand a little bit QFT!
Please i hope people make your videos more popular and that you get to 1M subscribers soon!
Thank you and your team!
Thank you Alvin , been trying for years to explain fields , you gave the explanation with graphics that definitely help folks wrap their minds the coolness, or hotness , or beauty of everything.
PLEASE do a video on Quantized Inertia by Dr. Mike McCulloch. It explains galaxy rotation WITHOUT the need for Dark Matter (mathematical fudge factor). It elegantly combines Unruh Radiation, Casimir Force, and Rindler Horizons to explain inertia.
I second that
Yeah another weird idea. Inertia caused by Unruh radiation with a temperature even lower than hawking radiation. And how would it explain the usual roadblocks to non-Newtonian models such as baryon-acoustic-oscillations, bullet cluster, dark energy and the large scale structure of the universe and how would even higher accelerations (eg. above 1000 times higher in the CMB era) fit with observation?
Thanks Arvin, I really enjoyed this one. The interactions between fields has never looked clearer to me. An anti-neutrino is just like a neutrino, except that the field's value "points the other way"... assuming that's accurate, it's a really intuitive way to think about it and helps a great deal.
Glad it was helpful! it's an approximate illustration.
5:40 "This would mean that there would be some reference frame in which the future could influence the past - breaking causality."
Arvin can you explore this area in a video or point me to one if you have already? Specifically, why is the future influencing the past any different than the past influencing the future, and so on. Would be interested in your take.
I explain it in this video. Let me know if it helped: ruclips.net/video/mTf4eqdQXpA/видео.html
@@ArvinAsh Thank you that did help. I was caught up in the future affecting the past, which appears to be less the issue than the larger problem of events being out of sequence.
7:54 maybe there are a finite number of particle-anti-particle pairs in the universe and since they are together, they are undetectable but if you apply enough force, you can separate them.
thats how higgs boson was discovered right
This presentation made sense to me FINALLY! So cool to "get it" understood after much deliberation, studying, confusion, etc. Thank you Arvin. My world makes so much more sense . Love you too...
Wonderful! Thank you for the compliment.
One thing I try to wrap my brain around is why a graviton would be needed? As far as I understand it, gravity isn't a force at all, it's an effect that mass / energy have on spacetime itself, distorting it, including time, to warp towards concentrations of mass and energy. Disturbances in the various fields, if we assume QFT is correct.
So where would a particle have to come into this equation? Is it just that at the smallest scale, the warping of spacetime doesn't mathematically account for gravity?
when there are quantized energy levels in wich the fields can be exited, how can the Energy distribute into a wave funktion? ( I know, its just the probability to find the quanta of exitement at the points in space time, but the wave ofprobability clearly interacts with itself)
when energy is quantised, there is a specific value in which the energy distribution is allowed.. they borrow the energy created in the vaccume as stated in the video, but the total energy borrowed is so less that it is considered negligible but its there.... and as we know from Einstein energy mass equation it can be converted into one form from another but the total energy remains the same or elese it would conflict with the energy conservation law.In simpl word, otherwise it requires advance mathematics to explain it in detail... of how thery are exchanged and trust me you'll hate it, its really long and hard, it will give you nightmare, also you might have heard of the particle dual nature, its all from there
QFT doesn't really have wave functions, it has field operators. Most QFT calculations consider non-interacting initial and final states being linked by an interaction matrix (called the S-matrix).
Also: the wave function is not just the probability of finding a quanta at a point in spacetime. QM is non-relativistic, so time is just a parameter, so its "in space". The schrodinger eq then describes the time evolution of the system.
But the point is the wave function is a complex (as in real + imaginary parts) probability _amplitude_ ....very different from its square: the prob. of finding a quant at "x".
sickest animation i've seen, sound fx are a bonus. amazing work
I just found your channel two days ago and I love it so much!
I’ve watched tons and tons of video but yours is simply one of the best I’ve come across so far, you did a very wonderful job sir 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻
Also, I’ve never seen a more beautiful segue to the sponsor bit of the video, very well done ♥️
Thank you so much!!
💯🤍🤍🤍12:19 "The universe is made of the same basic stuff, and we are all simply a series of excitations in it. So when someone says we are all one, or that we are all connected to the universe, this is not just a fanciful idea, but has a real physical meaning. I find this to be beautiful." Arvin Ash. "ECK is the totality of all awareness." "ECK is the golden thread, so fine as to be invisible yet so strong as to be unbreakable, which binds together all beings in all planes, in all universes, throughout all time and beyond time into eternity." _The Shariyat-Ki-Sugmad Book 1_ (Way of the Eternal).
Arvin! What is the spacetime itself made of? Thats i ve never seen anyone talking about. Please make a video about that . 🙏
Surface of a hypersphere. Huge hypersphere..
That's a good question. Other than containing various fields, the actual makeup is not really understood. According to Loop Quantum Gravity, it is quantized. See my videos on Loop Quantum Gravity. But this is not a universally accepted concept.
What about the theory of entanglement forming the fabric of space time itself. Is this something you can delve into?
@@ArvinAsh If spacetime contains the various fields, and gravity is the curvature of spacetime, wouldn't the fields also be curved due to spacetime's curvature? Doesn't that incorporate gravity into QFT? Or is the curvature not big enough to be relevant at the scale QFT operates in?
@@marishkagrayson Yes, it's an interesting concept.
Thanks
Thank you.
The most beautiful explanation of QFT I ever seen! You are really awsome Arvin!
Sabine and you are producing best quality content on physics on youtube. Love you guys.
@@metruna he is doing great as well. But he is on more technical side. Whenever I need to get deeper insight I watch his videos. Thanks bro.
the best visual demonstration and explanations of QFT I have seen. thank you.
Arvin, you are such a brilliant teacher. Love this.
Great presentation mi fren. You have a great way of simplifying complex concepts. Thanks
QUESTION: How does Quantum Field Theory overcome the "Cause & Effect" problem associated with "information" travelling faster than the "Speed of Light" in reference to a particle with one "Up" Quark and one "Down" Quark? Remember, in Quantum Physics those two Quarks simultaneously exist as "Both" the "Up" Quark "And" the "Down" Quark until the exact moment of observation is made for a measurement. When an unobserved unit is separated by a great distance - such as two light years - this causes problems. For example, if the person at Point A observed that there was an "Up" Quark, it would mean the other Quark "instantly" transformed into a "Down" Quark at Point B that is two light years away. This means "information" has travelled faster than the "Speed of Light" - which should not be possible. How does Quantum Field Theory overcome that problem?
The crucial issue is that the collapse does not occur in a way that transfers information between the particles, but rather represents a change in our knowledge of the system. The two particles are in a state of superposition until we measure them. When one of them is measured, the other, although spatially separated, assumes a value that is correlated with the first. This is what gives the illusion of an instantaneous and non-local action. They are linked together in a "global" state but they will not be able to exchange informations, since their outcome after the measurement is randomic (probabilistic, actually). When talking about entanglement you simply have to ignore about space/distances, altough everything happen in our space-time.
@@xeryan "assumes a value that is correlated with the first" sounds like the exact same concept as "transfers information"
@@nmarbletoe8210 There are no particles traveling or exchanging information. When entangled states "collapse" due to measurement, there is no physical transfer of particles or signals between them. Entanglement represents a quantum correlation, not a mechanism for exchanging information.
The resulting state cannot be predicted. The measured states are random and unpredictable, but their correlations are consistent with the entanglement. For instance, if you measure one particle and find its spin "up," the other particle's spin will be "down" (or vice versa), as dictated by their entangled state.
By far the best presentation of advanced topics I have yet to find. What a great job you do Arvin.
This is another excellent video! I appreciate your honesty in what can and cannot be explained… you are a true scientist.
Thank you so much for this video and explanation. Utterly superb. Erudite, clear and perfectly paced and exemplified.
All the stuff I’ve been watching in this area of physics over the past year (in my retirement) is now coming together. 💡
Glad it was helpful!
@@ArvinAshyou sir are in fact quite awesome. I love your videos. Thank you for them. They are a gift for us all
Arvin can you show us how matter and energy stay together in these fields on a macro level. Like, how does our bodies stay together in the same way without morphing and changing within these fields. And if two or more people are standing together how would it look in the fields. I hope i explained myself well enough🤓
There is no matter. It's all energy.
Lots and lots of balancing of electromagnetic forces. Atoms repel, link together in molecular bonds, slide around, and influence each other. The reason you and everything in the universe doesn't just fall apart is because all the particles, atoms, molecules in your body interlock and attract and repel and move around in a way that creates what we perceive as solid structure. Think of how a pile of sand doesn't just collapse and roll away like a pile of marbles might, or how a bunch of tangled-up pasta is hard to untangle if it doesn't have any sauce. They're made of unconnected bits, but the pieces interact in a way that gives them shape.
@@ArvinAsh I have had the same question as "Dray", but I can never get an answer that is explanatory. Can you expand on "it's all energy"? - this does not really answer the question in an understandable way (at least for me). So if we think we see matter, this is just a trick that our brain is playing on us? Or is it a matter of semantics? What we ordinarily call "matter" is perhaps "really" energy, but it is identifiable to us as "matter", distinct from what we would perceive as "energy".
I think the real test of that theory (or at least of one's belief in it) is to not hesitate to commit suicide. That would just be the rearrangement of energy fluctuations etc in a quantum field.
Matter “is” energy basically
Matter doesn’t really matter. Strawberry fields forever!
Such a great video!!
So QFT simplified in context of this video is just multilayered unlimited unified field playing, explaining itself to itself about how itself explains itself constantly with energy conserved. If energy is constant maybe in "bigger" smaller scale energy is just another layer of QFT.
Arvin as always a magnificent explanation.🎉
You are the best teacher on u-tube. Thanks for sharing your knowledge and expertise with us. All the best to you my friend.
11:44 Is exactly the reason I'm so into science and philosophy, to get that interconnectedness to all people snd things!🎉
#Spreadtheknowledge
Mr Ash indeed, this was a beautiful explanation, finally our scientists getting the point, I truly enjoyed this explanation.
Arvin Ash explains and visualizes things to the general public better than anyone I've come across.
What a service to humanity, bravo!
This particular episode is excellent.
It reveals some issues with QM and Standard Model etc that are often not discussed.
Refreshing
This is a subject that I've been struggling to get my head around. This video really helped. Thank you!
Could probably be that I finally understood this thing - on a basic level : ) Thanks for this great explanation!
Great video! It's intriguing to see how quantum field theory provides a more complete picture of the universe compared to previous theories. Thanks for making these complex ideas clear and accessible.
Another wonderful learning tool! Thank you Professor Ash.
At 10:01, you say that the energy transfers between particle fields happen almost immediately. Do we know how fast? Perhaps c, or the same speed at which entangled particles interact, or some other speed?
I would love to see what these quantum field animations look like while collapsing the shared wave function of entangled particles 🙏
Yes, we can calculate how fast. Look up the Energy and time derivation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
@@ArvinAsh can you explain the mass gap problem? it's one of the 7 millineum problems. I'm 13 and interested in physic but it's kinda hard to understand
At 9:23 we learn that “Matter particles can’t interact on their own without an intermediating Boson”. Does this mean there is a boson interaction between the Down quark becoming an Up quark? The animation at 10:18 does not show it.
Yes, the W boson. It's there, but up on top of the up Quark field for illustrations purposes. In reality, the fields would be 3D in everywhere, intermixed with each other.
Incredible explanation of QFT. I find myself trying to imagine how all those fields overlap and exist at every pinpoint spot in space....deeper dimensions of the super small make my head hurt but I still want to have it make classical sense.
I totally agree, at what point does the quantum become classical, mad, I have a hard time with this thought.
So far, this could be the best video I have ever watched! keep up the good work!
I found my connection with everything around me when I realized that we are the universe that has become aware of itself.
"We are made of starstuff. We are a way for the cosmos to know itself." - Carl Sagan
yeah, like a neuron in the field...
I'm not embarrassed to say that after giving this a deep thought, and all the entails , this "oneness" in this stage of spacetime, it was a realization that made me cry
Gonna share this to a friend of mine. Thanks Arv!
Very nice episode Arvin :-) My opinion is that the concept of separateness may be the most misleading concept we have in physics. It shapes our intuition and the questions we ask.
We are extensions of each other in the most fundamental way. Slime-moldishy.
The connection is beautiful. We should all feel a sense of this and seek harmony. Well said!
Before I learned physics, I saw visions on mushrooms. After learning physics, I'm about 80% sure what I saw was something like QFT. Only a few things were different
Best video on QFT ever! The animations make it so so easy to understand!! 👍🏻👍🏻
I absolutely love the standard model, simple but complex, just genius.
I did too. Right up until they told me to ignore gravity.
@@mitch_the_-itch Who told you that?
Great video! Watching the modeling of these standard model fields, or fields with energy excitations, can’t help but notice and consider the bending of the space. Like what gravity does.
Please make a detailed video on string theory 🙏🙏🙏
I made two:
ruclips.net/video/3jKPJa-f3cQ/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/DpFlqcMwh2U/видео.html
another banger video Arvin
Appreciate it
Loved this video. Narrator spoke easily and confidently and made me feel like I'm not stupid for 14 minutes. Thumbs up number twenty-thousand-one!
Thank you for bringing up a holistic perspective in the end❤
Dear person reading this You should be beyond proud of yourself to beyond a gazillion times and beyond that and beyond that and beyond that and beyond that and beyond that!😃
Excellent overview! Thank you so much. QFT is truly exquisite, and the implications amazing.
I think you have that backwards -- it is from fields to particles 🤷🏽♂️ ijs
Actually it's all fields. There are no particles. But our understanding historically has gone from particles to fields.
@@ArvinAsh didnt mean to throw shade and you are right. QFT is great. It makes it all make sense. I sucked at chemistry until I got to QED. Then QFT took me to the next level. Chemistry is sill not my strongest suit but I enjoy how QFT makes everything waves... i think love operates kind of the same way. Though that would be a different realm of discussion.
Perect. Whenever I don't understand something, I come to Arvin Ash!
...aaand we are back to aether theory
The imagery and visuals have helped me so much in understanding this complex topic, I love your final thoughts, they are poetic.
7:08 _“There is a field for every particle in the Standard Model.”_ Uniquely, our species combines physical and social cognition. Like many complex living organisms, we quickly comprehend a wide range of complex but common dynamics in the physical world, with waves arguably one example. Our distinction is how we convey and elaborate those insights over space and time, with the power of mathematics arguably the pinnacle of this socialization of high-precision physical insights.
There are also dangers within this unique cognitive pairing. If we can share an idea precisely, we can also convince ourselves that an insight shared is an insight _understood._
The powerful concept of “a field for every particle” is science’s supreme paradox, providing its best and worst predictions. Its particle predictions are robust and precise over an astonishing number of digits, yet as usually interpreted, it is also the direct source of the utter insanity of the vacuum density catastrophe. However, even within its range of solid and beautifully precise predictions, it dances too quickly, as if inconsequential, over an obvious question: Out of a literal infinity of mathematically conceivable fields and field properties, why is this astronomically tiny subset of conceivable fields the only one we observe?
When the chemical elements first emerged as distinct and well-defined entities, I suspect at least a few people argued that the elements were simply givens to be accepted as such. Fortunately for modern quantum chemistry, this minority view never made much headway. Alas, for quantum field theory it prevailed.
A primary duty of science is never to accept the existence of small sets of obviously similar items as “givens.” The similarity alone argues powerfully that some deeper structure hides beneath them. That is one of several critical insights still missing from quantum field theory.
Speaking of missing, why _is_ gravity missing? One might also ask why gravity is the only force that does not induce inertial forces - the feeling of acceleration - when it pulls two objects closer. Another name for this peculiar deviation is Einstein’s equivalence principle, the idea that gravity and the force of acceleration are in some way different aspects of a single underlying reality. The equivalence principle is the foundation of General Relativity and a feature _never_ found in boson-mediated forces. That alone suggests that despite their superficial similarity of causing objects to move toward each other, gravity and the three forces of the Standard Model are _not_ closely related.
Another oddly glossed-over feature of quantum field theories is that all variants of this mathematical framework are inherently frame-locked “ether” theories. Why would I say that? It’s not complicated. No matter how many new inertial frames a quantum field theory invokes _within_ its diagrams and calculations, its application to any testable system starts and ends with potentials with locations well-defined relative to each other.
Those starting points with well-defined relative locations in spacetime form a well-defined inertial frame, meaning that all of the new inertial frame states proposed within those figures and equations are necessarily energy-limited children of that finite-energy starting frame. In retrospect, this odd bit of skipping over such a critical detail began over a century ago and has had more than a bit of help from the space-prioritizing neural designs of our brains. Pre-Einstein Faraday assigned every point of his singular-inertial-frame “space” with sufficient real-vector data storage capacity to give every infinitesimal point in a 3-space the capability of retaining indefinitely the infinitely precise real-vector data needed to express multiple field vectors over an astonishing range of magnitudes. Forget physics for a moment: Any modern technologist would recognize this not as a vacuum but as an impossibly energy-intensive, near-infinite matrix storage device equipped with sufficient mass to preserve each bit for indefinite durations of time. Faraday’s initial misconception of how space works, rather than any twiddling with the parameters of relativity or quantum field theory, is the true origin of the vacuum density problem.
Quantum field theory’s models are robust and beautifully predictive, and this will never change. They are, in fact, the correct mathematical description of how any given collection of mutually communicating matter and energy forms a well-defined inertial frame. The catch is that this modeling power comes into play only when supplied with energy, mass, potentials, and a well-specified inertial frame. Notably, such ether theories have no connection with the featureless, energy-free, multi-frame vacuum of special relativity.
Since inertial frames are the units for exchanging momentum across diverse scales, quantum field theory has been underutilized as a model for understanding and quantifying the many odd relational complexities of matter and energy within and between internally bound classical systems. For example, the system-wide inertial-frame unity of QED allows a massive and profoundly classical mirror to gain a tiny impulse of momentum from a photon that reflects from it, despite no one electron ever absorbing that photon. It is also worth noting that for those who hope to find some more profound unity in the fabric of quantum field theory physics, the existence of hierarchies of quantum fields at vastly different scales of space and time does provide hope. Ironically, we can never understand when and how that unity applies until we do a better mathematical job of capturing the _limits_ of quantum field theory.
Finally, we need greater awareness of how our biological biases can subtly undermine our understanding of a universe that works more in Poincare symmetries and light cones and doesn’t always feel a burning need to match our _xyzt_ expectations.
*Addendum 2022-10-23:* _Wave Collapse as QFT Frame-Packet Mergers_
For completeness, I should mention that quantum wave collapse is real but better described as a bottom-up merger of previously isolated QFT frames. The cause is always the same: A two-way exchange of minute, unquantized quantities of linear momentum.
When one QFT “frame packet” is immensely larger - e.g., an experimenter - than another QFT packet - say a free hydrogen atom in space - the acceleration of the larger frame is almost, but not entirely, undetectable, as proven by the existence of solar sails that steal trivial bits of momentum from many photons to accelerate space probes. The larger object undergoes almost no changes in its QFT organization, except that it receives enough momentum to gain something called “information” about the smaller frame. That’s all information ever is. It is exchanges of momentum (or, in the more interesting case, mass) that identify (“observe”) the relative location of two QFT frames and, at the same time, merge them into a single new QFT packet with a new inertial frame.
When the QFT packets are comparable and small in size, such as two particles colliding, the newly merged QFT packet can remain sufficiently isolated to stay quantum from the perspective of outside observers. These QFT merger cases form a continuum in which higher masses and more complex systems “know” more precisely where they are relative to the rest of what we think of as the universe.
Wave-collapsing momentum transfers are a testable idea. When photon wave functions “see” branches of an apparatus in which the photon never deposits quantized _energy,_ that does not keep the wave function from imparting an incredibly tiny bit of momentum into other “blind” parts of the apparatus, just as those photons did on solar sails. Such tiny momentum deposits should, in principle, always be detectable with the proper setups.
The hidden momentum part is not new. My first mention of the necessity of cryptic momentum transfers was over two years ago:
_First Prediction of Momentum-Pair Creation in Stern-Gerlach_ (July 28, 2020)
sarxiv.org/apa.2020-07-28.1338.pdf
If I sound too confident about this topic, it’s those solar sails. They are inexplicable under QED, which confines momentum transfer to the particle level. Recognizing that QFT is the binding unit for these classical-object-level momentum transfers - and this is new - should, in time, make the model nicely mathematically specific and predictive.
The bottom line is that despite the remarkable successes QFT has already chalked up, its journey in making new predictions about how the universe works are far from over. Far from undermining its power, a “granular QFT” interpretation - one in which QFT breaks down into multiple scales of isolated, mass-and-energy ether units - converts it from the cause of the vacuum density catastrophe into the foundation unit for the emergence of cosmic spacetime. It’s how multi-scale QFT packages interact with each other that should, in the not-too-distant future, finally explain gravity at a deeper level. The equivalence principle of General Relativity - the rule that says that sufficiently smooth gravity does _not_ cause QFT mergers - is a massive clue for that part of this upcoming endeavor.
----------
Terry Bollinger CC BY 4.0
2022-10-22.00.05 EDT Sat
PDF: sarxiv.org/apa.2022-10-22.0005.pdf
Wow, the best ever lecture on QFT!
as someone who just learns physics from tv, youtube and podcasts, qft has always been so confusing, magical and mystical but this video has helped me massively understand how it works
Excellent. Written Statements according to the lecture and views are exceptional indeed.Expecting more and more videos.Thanks.
Very brief, informative and extraordinarily helpful. Thank You! So many clips on science are far too wordy and unfocused. I don’t have enough time to struggle through them. Yours was right to the point described: PERFECT!!
Are there overlapping "clouds" of electric field, up quark field, down quark field, etc, which takes my shape as I walk around? Am I a construction of me shaped fields?
The fields are everywhere in all three dimensions. And all parts of your body are ultimately made of quantum particles, which are excitations in the various fields...so your analysis is correct?
@@ArvinAsh Right? All QFT examples are abstract bump particle meets abstract bump, but you are made of them. But a description of a man shaped "cloud" "walking" "on" the sidewalk shaped cloud passing tree shaped clouds would be strange.
the clouds unfortunately (or rather, luckily) collapse when interacting with other quantum particles such as photons (taking a measurement)
So on a macroscopic level, the particles are very localised and produce a very unwieldly human bean. If we are a cloud, we're a very thick, dense, watery, anxious cloud that a plane would not like to fly through, compared to a light airy electron cloud
Wow. Excellent explanation of the practically impossible to comprehend! Thankyou.
Bedankt
Thanks so much!
SPAM
Reported.
The best explanation about quantum field theory I heard so far!
Thanksssssss Arvin sir! This is by far the best explanation of the boson(animation of matter interaction) I've ever come across!
Arivin Ash is a pleasure to listen to.
I'm a Computational Astrophysicst working also on Philosophy of Physics problems and Im fairly comfortable with some of the techincal machinery of QFT. But watching your video made me almost tear up to see QFT from a bird eye perspective and admiring its beauty. I'm sure I'll come back to it, often in life
you being an astrophysicist, I assume your birds eye view is from the eagle nebula
Does theory say anything about the number of virtual particles/antiparticles appearing and annihilating in a field change over time? Or is it a constant due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle?
It does say: infinitely many.
Brilliant video. It’s amazing how much I learned in 15 minutes….it just mind blowing. Thanks for this!
Arvin you are such a BRILLIANT teacher! Thank you for making and posting these here
I’ve watched a lot of videos on quantum, but this is absolutely, hands-down, the very best.
I agree, it is the most beautiful theory for now! But I have a question, does QFT explain why energy is transferred between fields? I will clarify, does this theory predicts when the energy will be transferred between field so we are getting rid of the probabilistic things? We use probability approach because we do not understand how it works, we see only some statistics that it happens with some probability. I thing the theory of everything should explain certain conditions when the decay happens or not.
Yes, energy is transferred through a boson intermediary. This is usually dictated by charges and proximity to the charges. The transfer results in a lowering of overall energy of the system.
Thanks Arvin ! helps clarify the context. QCD, QFT, QM all very confusing concepts but you have clarified !
Roger Penrose talks about the "collapse of the wave function" as being a problem. Could you please explain what he means?
Thank you.
It's a problem not only for Penrose but is a problem in quantum mechanics. The standard interpretation of QM is that the wave function of a quantum object "collapses" after interacts with something. But there is no mechanism that seems to explain this, so it remains a bit mysterious. I will cover a concept called decoherence in a future video that attempts to explain a mechanism.
Incredible! Lovely explanation and first introduction to this channel.
Excellent episode.
According to SR and GR time is relative. However, is the so called proper time (tau) of each world line also relative? Or is the question meaningless due to the very definition of proper time?