Worlds Smallest Tesla Valve? - Shrinky Dink (Shrink Film) Microfluidics
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- Опубликовано: 1 авг 2024
- Microfluidics is the study and construction of collections of tiny fluid channels that can accomplish an incredible array of tasks; from simple mixing, to math and computer logic. But making the flow cells that make use of the principles of microfluidics is normally expensive due to material and equipment costs.
In this video we explore a dirt cheap method for making very high quality microfluidic low cells, including one of the worlds smallest tesla valves, and a device meant to isolate cancer cells from a blood sample.
SVGs: github.com/FOULAB/microfluidi...
Papers:
Shrinky dink 1: www.researchgate.net/publicat...
Shrinky dink 2: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1...
Blood spiral: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...
Images from papers:
PCR lab on a chip: advances.sciencemag.org/conten...
Octobot: • ‘Octobot’ is the world...
Microfluidic cell separation: www.researchgate.net/figure/M...
Review of microfluidic separation and filtration: sci-hub.tw/10.1007/978-981-10-...
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"What are you planning to use for your Master's Thesis?"
"Shrinky dink"
You kinda missed your train there if you do not have some unique take on it...
LOL
"How did you draw up the design?" 1980's Spirograph
"Shrunken Shrinky Dink" is the best description I've ever seen in a scientific paper.
Hahahahaha, thanks for the laugh Snarky.
@@vetlerradio what was so funny about that paper exactly ? Keep in mind I'm not a native english speaker so I very well may have missed it.
I mean, Master Shrinky-Dink is pretty good too
@@Soken50 Shrinky-Dink is not a word you would normally find in a sheet like this, as it kind of feels like starting a scientific paper with "It's Ya Boi"
@@threeglassjars6051 wasn't asking you but vetlerradio who apparently laughed to the linked boring paper.
Pretty cool. Been a while since I played with a shrinky dink, it's surprising how well they keep their proportions.
that's only due to the stretching method. if they stretched it unevenly then the proportions would go out of the window
netscape, is that you?
@BLVGaming / Y1000 i thougjt the guy was making a joke lol i guess he was serious
Did you know you can actually do the same with most candy plastic bags, for example the Haribo ones :p
That moment when you use better tools (an electric cutter) for your research than scientists (freehand).
Budgets are a b@#$!
It also very well could have just been a paper as a proof-of-concept where it was the perfect amount of effort and time required, as you'd do if you didn't want to get lab time or spend money.
@Noah Hastings Good for me that i want one. But In my experience in universities, is not as easy to buy even a $150 device for your experiment, also profesors will try to save as much as is possible since the budget for all the experiments is limited (plus space, maintenance, etc.)
I'm about to commit heresy:
Scientists are often just as much of a bumblefuck as your other guy.
The only difference is that the average scientist just has a slightly better idea of what exactly is going on.
@@Volvith yup, agreed
build a vacuum table for your CNC
Or you just simply go with one of those electrostatic plates that old plotters used to hold down the paper?
How about using two hydrophilic surfaces, that’s if your plastic is hydrophilic, and what you’re laying it on is hydrophilic. Take the tiniest bit of water and put it between them and let the two exclusion zones merge together, read the book called the fourth phase of water.
@@davidprock904 Your comment reminded me of some work my Granddad did in 1975 at Rice University. He was the chief machinists and built various equipment for the researchers.
The only paper I can find him referenced in is this: "The influence of pressure on the nuclear relaxation of protons in aqueous solutions and skeletal muscle" scholarship.rice.edu/bitstream/handle/1911/15120/7522005.PDF?sequence=1
This paper also references numerous others about the "weird" behavior of water is small spaces. e.g. "A layer of water one micron thick held between glass or mica surfaces will not freeze at a temperature as low as -95C. If the separation of the glass plates is reduced to less than 0.15 microns, the water layer exhibits no measurable vapor pressure and will not evaporate in a vacuum at 300C." Water is such tight spaces also has a different freeze-melt behavior, density, and viscosity much higher than normal.
All this matters precisely because water exists between similarly tight spaces inside many biological cells.
I think that this "weird" water is at least part of what makes Tardigrades able to survive harsh conditions.
Use tape and glue
@@mshock9637 I've seen a vacuum table work with a mid sized HAAS mill, its not that expensive to get a vacuum pump. Making the bed is the harder part but totally possible
If you’re using CNC for this, Harvey Tool’s 0.001” endmill might be a good idea.
A vacuum hold down system might be a good idea as well.
Oh boy, you've really opened a big can of worms on this one - this kind of tool requires a lot of other things to be very very right - spindle runout is very serious problem for a 25micron cutter, that and it needs to be turning at 40krpm.
Setting up an measuring shit at those dimensions is hell of its own.
Would also need an air spindle to get enough rpm.
squeegeeing the film down with water or glycerin might work also in lieu of a vacuum.
@@NoSaysJo Oh really?
@@VEC7ORlt For cutting plastic? Hogwash. Yeah, you can raise the bar of entry to something like $30k-40k, or you could use an $800 Chinese router and the finest bit you can and just do it. I've used .001"tip and .005"tip engravers *_ON BRASS_* on my 10 year old $1200 Chinese CNC router.
And with that comparatively cheap price of entry, you can easily consider inexpensive upgrades such as changing the axis ratios to eek out a little more precision, and swapping the spindle bearings out for ceramic bearings. For under $1800, you can get 90% of the results of a $30k machine.
I am surprised that laser etching wasn't mentioned....
From your numerous warnings of what not to do, it is evident how many things went wrong as you tried to do this. I absolutely admire your persistence.
Welp... now I'm off to read more about microfluidics. Thanks for pointing me at something I didn't know about :).
same
Same - Now I'm really intrigued about how this could be used for both actuation of micro-hydraulics and logic gates, simultaneously.
@@GaminGit
As well as simulate human organs with actual living cells. If all three could be done simultaneously, hmmmm... At the least it would open some interesting forms of medical testing.
Same
Same
I've seen smaller microfluidics using EDM and really tiny laser systems for suspended particle fluid studies, but only with million dollar equipment, and what you've done is amazing for a hobbyist and super useful, and that really is the smallest tesla valves I've seen (not having seen a whole lot.)
"shrinky dinks" and "shmeckles." Guys, is Canada even real?
Or a Rick and Morty fan
Canadian pesos
@Sassy The Sasquatch Type Rick and Morty in search
@Sassy The Sasquatch actually, the story line is all over the place, you should definitely give it a chance😊
Canada is a myth 😉😜🤣
lucky i was a minecraft redstone engineer when i was young
Unironically, that may actually be valuable here.
@@galvanizeddreamer2051 redstone is just great... the fact that a torch gets turned off when the block it's attached to gets power led to whole calculators, displays and games...
even though i don't really see how this could be implemented with those small fluid channels...
water pressure could open or close other valves... but how would you do it on this small plastic scale?
Yes, please more on this! Extremely interesting and a little mind bending.
You might want to buy/make an engraving shoe that lets the tool float on a spring, but has a small shoe around it that pushes down on the actual material, ensuring that the bit only cuts several microns off the top.
That's how ultra high precision PCB engravers work - they don't even do height calibration, they just use a shoe they pre-adjust.
Would that end up making it deeper on each pass? Not that that would be a showstopper. Could be useful.
@@JohnMeacham Assuming you don't mill away large enough areas to sink the whole shoe in, no.
But the whole point of a shoe is to do it in one, controlled, uniform pass.
@@Spirit532 ah, I think I understand now, the shoe is small and just around where it is cutting and the tip is calibrated to the shoe rather than the table to spindle? For some reason I was thinking the spring pressure itself determined the depth rather than just providing compliance.
@@Spirit532 this is actually really useful to me, I have a spare xy positioning mechanism I was planning on adding an active Z axis too, but this would be far simpler. It just needs to fully lift off rather then have precise z positioning. I was going to use it to cut plastic for microfluidics so has very similar requirements to pcb milling.
@@JohnMeacham Should work great, plus material thickness stops being a problem with this set up. Only downside i could imagine is not being able to vary the depth during engraving. Unless you make an active Z axis referenced to the shoe, but then again I don't know if varying the depth of the channel is usefull in microfluidics
A thought - consider registration/alignment pin holes for aligning stacking layers. This may help with aligning multi-layer devices.
Every one of your videos is pure gold man! I really hope you never stop doing RUclips. I’ve learned a ton from your videos and have become really interested in things I never could’ve imagined even existed. Very cool! ✊🤙
I wonder if the laser engravers that create 3D images in glass could create 3D microfluidics in glass.
I wonder if you could modify a old blue ray burner. perhaps you could strip the foil off of a CD and replace it with something that can be cut into a channel.
Hi Chris. Search for femtosecond laser micromachining and microfluidics. Basically, the high peak power pulses are absorbed non-linearly by fused silica (other materials are also available) allowing for a very localized modification (on the range of micrometers^3). If you translate the fused silica substrate in relation to the beam focus you modify the glass, creating nanogratings (nanometric structures that are composed by glass and a void) which will enable the anisotropic etch of the glass with hydrofluoric acid. With this you can basically produce three-dimensional microfluidic channels inside fused silica with a very high resolution, with cross-sections of 10 microns being possible. You can also implement optical waveguides (structures that guide light like optical fibers) in the same material with the same technique to produce optofluidic chips that can be used in sensing.
@@astronata2698 Great information. I Googled it and it's far superior to the 3D image engravers I knew about. It's beyond what I was imagining.
@@Amipotsophspond WIthout a data spiral to read while engraving, which functions like an encoder wheel, it would have very low positional accuracy. The old disc labeling tech called Lightscribe is an example of the problem. So, I'm not sure if reverse engineering and hotwiring an optical drive to engrave discs is going to be easy. If it worked though, the microfluidic discs would be made for spinning, possibly to create centrifuges or directional pumps and it'd be cheap.
One approach, since DVDs are two polycarbonate discs with a data layer in the middle, it might be possible to aggressively burn/engrave the data layer instead of the polycarbonate. Instead of sealing over an engraved surface, it would already be sealed. It would be necessary to drill, cut or puncture the disc to put fluids inside. Contamination in the fluid channels would be hard to clean out and the data layer might be a metal or dye that corrodes on contact with liquids.
I thought the same thing, but with the shrinkydink application I'd be worried about them shrinking with just the heat of the laser alone
This is extremely interesting, and I love the low-tech shrinky-dink method.
Water powered computer logic gates?
I wonder if you could use for deep space crafts as radiation tends to hurt the electronics quiet a bit.
@@alperenaydin6139 How do you propose that would work? Because using it for basically any logical operation would require a lot of microfluidic cells. And how would you convert the physical actuation to electrical impulses? Besides it probably cheaper to just buy rad hardened components than creating an entire micro chip out of microfluidic cells.
@@rajivnarayan5214 Honestly I started thinking that because the fluids moving through looked like the start up sequence of a starship. So keep that in mind. But a pressure sensor can function as transformer from fluid to electrical.
Veritasium once made a video about producing electricity just from passing water between coils, I wonder if you could put coils around the microchannels to produce current from this.
@@Max_Le_Groom Veritasium also about compliant mechanisms. Those can be used for certain things.
Very glad about your work on this, microfluidics will very likely improve cancer detection, and detecting CTCs in patients' bloodstreams.
Man, this has got to be my favorite channel on RUclips.
The tiny Tesla valve (diode) is really cool - you could make an acoustic or ultrasonic heart using them like bridge rectifiers on each side of a membrane bladder.
Microfluidics is so interesting! Do more videos on it!
This is like the 8 video I watch of this channel. This is my dream RUclips Channel! biology and technology really did and not just said by someone that has just read Wikipedia! Thanks a lot man!
Thank you for linking the research and recreating it. The Vulvular valve = Epic!
Interesting!! Thanks for the video and keep it up!!!
Huh I never realized you were supposed to wait for the plastic to flatten. We just always saw that they curled and accepted that.
Glad to see them in action. They were on Instagram for two weeks.
I can finally report that I was productive as well and have developed my dry plates now. Tomorrow I will do the prints
Brilliant stuff, smoothly presented. New subscriber for sure! A big thank you to everyone involved!
I am really glad I watched this. This will help me in my design for a full color spectrum 3d printer nozzle.
@Sad Preston Essentially yes!. However not as small as this is. I plan on attempting to mix standard printer ink with molten clear plastic actively as it is printing.
some inks change color or burn at the temperature a printer's hot end operates. why not use plastic thats colored like the cyan magenta yello and black ink and combine those. youd have to make sure that the pressure is constant when feeding multiple colored filaments otherwise you will get inconsistent prints.
Why not use colored uv resin printed like an ink jet.
@@area85restorations75 : Remember that you can always use the plastic as a mold too. Even if your choice of plastics requires metal parts, this should still be useful.
@@Videoswithsoarin I plan on using one color filament only and then adding pigments as it prints.
There are router beds that hold down the work piece using vacuum. That would be great for your application, and you could probably build one yourself with pretty common materials.
I was going to say this. :)
Also a mild glue or double sided tape could hold it flat. Then all that's needed is to peel it away after cutting.
Amazing! All the advantages of small(ish)-scale computing with relative ease and the ability to operate them with only fluids and pressure. This may be the thing I've been looking for!
I discover this channel one week ago and I am amaze by what you can do
Firstly, 10 out of 10, video has no intro, such a waste of time these days, no adverts, what a legend, content, and quality of content, excellent.... please take over youtube with your traditional ways!
How is having no advert is a good thing ? People who produce these videos *need* some funds man. It's not like they are trying to milk us, I'd be glad to watch a sponsored bit if that means the guys get the money they deserve for their work.
Might be able to etch channels either with photo resist, like circuit board printing, or even by laser cutter.
If something like this was etched on to a glass sheet, it would be more neutral and able to resist things like solvents and acids better.
Thats a great idea. I might actually try this someday
another ref for CO2+PDMS diyhpl.us/~nmz787/jmm9_3_037002.pdf (I've personally tried this, and even done metrology with a Veeco white-light interferometer to get a 3D roughness profile)
I am constantly amazed by people's ingenuity. It gives some measure of faith in humanity. Wonderful video, sir
WOW! Knowledge is power! I didn't know the microfluidics can be so versatile for so many application.
Ooh Tesla and valve .. my two favorite companies!
Imagine that.
On the plus side: On I just made a tool at home to detect cancer.
On the down side: I have cancer
Love the no-moving parts, tesla valve, microfluidics check valve you've mad here. Very cool.
You are such an impressive genius my friend. Thank you for this!!
About 20 years ago, I worked on projects similar to this to measure motor feedback and tactile feedback pressure sensors as a pump and adjust a continuously variable transmission to reduce under or over driving the motors.
I was using hypodermic needle and syringes as my parts to include making highly accurate screw drive pumps.
Not with Shrinky Dinks, though. Lol.
"Shrunken Shrinky Dink" , finally after all, a title of a scientific paper that I can understand!!!
Yet another video that made me go "Wow", great work !
Wow incredible video ! I am always amazed by the clever ways people find to do seemingly high tech science in their garage.
Something this video reminded me of: The company "HaptX" has been developing a a system of tactile feedback for virtual reality using microfluidics. This might be something you could be interested in and this video is definitely something they'd be interested in.
Reply to using tape. You can also use spray adhesive, and you should probably fly cut a sacrifice board taking several passes, that will ensure you get a even Depth Of Cut. I would avoid a vacuum, the pull down points might distort the DOC.
Man this video was great! Nice and clear, with ideas for every type of person, nice one!
Wow! I wasn't even aware of this type of technology! I learn a lot from your channel, thanks for that!
Man! Micro fluid, liquid rocket engine! Ohh and boi!
Do you think you can make tiny alcohol thermometers for displaying local temperatures?
Patrick Flé: “… tiny alcohol thermometers…?”
Thought Emporium: “Hold my beer.”
@@kjamison5951 I see what you did there....
@@mattmartineau6018 and i smelled what you did there ;) it's our little secret, i won't tell anyone
God this is deff one of my top fav channels. lol. Great stuff
You truly are inspiring! Thanks for all of your work and explanations
Simulate electronics with it..
It would be awesome to see how electronic components work visually...
Some guy build simple but very impressive digital circuits with microfluidic membrane valves - shift registers and counters vimeo.com/231916371
He also links his Instructables guide in the description
Hey @@miron__ thanks
"Is your PC liquid cooled?"
"Nah, its liquid run!"
Also cant you build a valve by having a flow of water contract the pipe so far that nothing moves anymore?
How about intertwining a microfluid CPU in a regular CPU for some truly functional liquid cooling? :)
yes, shrinky pipe could work, but thats a moving part
8 did quite a bit of reading in the last few days, and this field is just amazing! I'd love it, if you get back to this project.
Especially as I was rather unsatisfied with your more recent projects (except for the meat berries, that was cool)
this is fascinating i hope you do more on this
You truly are awesome: I've started admiring you, and I'm sure it's not a good thing! Damn you! :D
But in all seriousness, this must be the one of the most creative and educating channels there were and are. Props!
PS: Do you mind if people save your content offline? I stopped trusting the RUclipss and Googles, turning back towards storing stuff myself. I'm currently building a set of data-Arduinos that I plan using on the new IPFS crypto-Network, and your work is highly valuable due to your hands-on approach. Who knows, maybe one of these days Alphabet just decides to delete itself!
Couldn't you use one of those old school plotter plates that charge up and make the paper to plot stick to the surface due to electrostatics to also hold down your plastic sheets without the need of taping them down every time? :p
You would need to be extremely gentle with your passes or the torque of the bit would easily overpower electrostatics. Also, any catching and it's gone.
Extremely cool and always awesome vids! You’ve certainly committed yourself to a Lengthy RUclips career - for every one video, you propose anywhere from 1 to n, future vids/experiments. So a huge Thank You in advance!! We’ll be seein’ ya!! 😉
I am obsessed with this channel. So cool.
I can't help but think you should get yourself acess to a DLP resin printer for more research on this
You should be able to bond PDMS to glass by running both in a oven at 80 C for an hour or two.
Would that squish or deform the PDMS in the process? If not, that could be a good rigid medium for single future cells. (Although cutting glass is annoying and that would limit the cells to essentially the type of glass slate he can find.
@@Volvary If these people use it i'm sure that it works well. www.researchgate.net/post/Is_there_any_other_way_to_stick_PDMS_block_onto_glass_without_using_Plasma_cleaning
well he already has a plasma processor, so that would be a lot faster
@@Volvary Actually PDMS bonded to glass is the most common approach used in microfluidics. It doesnt deform the pdms. While bonding a glass slide to pdms make sure you dont press the pdms or you might end up with the roof of the channel bonded to the slide.
It was cool! Your delivery was attention-grabbing got my interest job well done.
I have just returned from a microfluidic congress and youtube recommends me this video. Thank you I.A.
PDMS is really expensive and difficult to get in a lot of countries, making microfluidic chips with photolithography in a clean room environment also makes you waste a lot of disposables, also it creates a dangerous waste and aren't cheap.
You gave me hope again.
Has a Tesla valve ever been tried as a heart valve replacement?
so you are telling me we can isolate cancer cells with just a piece of plastic that is about as pricey as chewing your fingernails
I've done some CNC twill cutting using what's roughly an exacto-blade for the cutting tool. What we used was an adhesive mylar sheet to coat the table surface. This not just keeps the work material flat, it prevents any smaller bits from "popping off" mid-cut and getting caught in the tool. Afterwards we used an exacto knife to pry the cut pieces off the adhesive mylar.
Great video! Did not know about this topic. I liked it.
Make a Calculator... and then things will change very quickly
so that its powered by the pressing of buttons cool !!!
Fantastic overview! Thanks for sharing!
Amazing video! Had never thought about a lot of this, used to use shrinks dink’s when I was a kid
Awesome :) I've been curious about micro fluidics. I'll try it now! Thanks, great video. :)
You are starting to become my favourite Channel on youtube
The way they diagnose cancerous cells was super fucking interesting. I would live to hear more on these things and see you make more
that is amazing work. I remember reading an old Scientific American magazine years ago that was about using fulid dynamic for logic gates and the like, really interesting to see what can be done at such a small level with it.
. great Video as always.
Great source (credited) for my Biotechnology class presentation over research
Nice, good video. Hope you continue the great work.
Thanks for introducing me to the field! Never heard of this before
i remember exploring fluid computing a while ago its nice to have some one explain more about it
This is actually super neat! I really wanna try and mess around with this stuff!
i love this channel it brings advanced scientific understanding to regular people like me :) keep it up
this is really interesting, thank you ! You've lighted my day :)
I can't help but think this is the groundwork for how the human circulatory system functions. All of these principles and more we haven't seen yet. Amazing.
And here I was thinking I'd run out of interests.
Thanks mate.
Your work is amazing!
This is very cool, thanks for sharing.
Great work! Great ideas!
Can I just acknowledge how impeccable your comic timing is.
Cool video, I never realized that microfluidics had such usefulness. You just earned a sub from a fellow canadian schmeckle spender.
Dude you are amazing, a real inspiration
What a neat method!
For keeping sheets reliably flat in CNC, "vinyl cutter carrier sheets" come to mind, which are moderately stiff sheets of plastic with varying adhesive strengths for mounting paper and other non-backed materials. Some of those already available carrier sheets might work out, but if not, maybe a hard sheet sprayed with a "repositionable adhesive" could create a rigid variant of a carrier sheet.
Also for the premade carrier sheets (and maybe spray-adhesives?), they're quite reusable, since you can just hand wash it with a bit of soap to restore the adhesive.
Huh.. i learned something new today!
This isn't a field i will ever have a use for, but it was exciting never the less!
This was very informal.
awesome video... great work
Awesome video , I'm going to try using some of these techniques on a micro liquid lens project.
So interesting I can't wrap my head around what you trying to do
I've never heard of microfluidics before.. that's amazing stuff
one trick to engraving is to use a ball endmill instead of the engraving tool, because of the engagement angle of a 3+ flute endmill; it's more stable when cutting aka better, smoother finish. I just found your channel and it's amazing! exactly what I needed
now hats neat homemade science, nice upload ,gave me many ideas
Next year I will be working in the bio lab at European XFEL for one year.
Your videos have inspired me as I wasn’t very interested in biophysics before.
You could probably use the really small capillary tubes to help with the fluid! Great video! Thanks for sharing!