Studio Apartment Makeover 2021 w/ @annienova Day 7 | Seoul Studio | Apartment Makeover on a Budget
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- Опубликовано: 25 янв 2021
- Studio Apartment Makeover 2021 w/ @Annie Nova Day 7 | Seoul Studio | Apartment Makeover on a Budget
This is the LAST video of Annie’s Seoul studio apartment makeover. Over the course of the series we have transformed this extremely small room into a cozy, minimal, stylish, live-able space. And we've done it all on a limited budget! We have SO MUCH to do today: sofa cover swap-out, bedding swap-out, make-up and cosmetic station re-design, TV stand solution, and finally we need to finish the bookshelves using the hair-dryer technique. This makeover has been a huge challenge due to scheduling delays and furniture constraints, but I love it because I think that this sort of makeover is so realistic! Most of us don't live in our dream homes or have huge 10k design budgets, so we do the best with what we have. Thanks so much for following along with the series. Please enjoy the last day of the "studio apartment makeover on a budget" series!
WATCH Ep 1-5 : • Studio Apartment Makeo...
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🌿Annie’s RUclips: / @annienova
Annie’s Instagram: / _annienova
🌿Social Media:
Instagram: @thesuitcasedesigner
Pinterest: www.pinterest.com/TheSuitcaseDesigner
🌿Recommendations for:
Bedding:
*Amazon bedding: amzn.to/35fhQrb
H&M White Linen Duvet Set (have & LOVE): bit.ly/3rZ6pxt
H&M White Cotton Duvet Set (have & LOVE): bit.ly/2Xh16vr
Organization:
*Clear Stackable Organizers: amzn.to/3bbXCSZ
*Ivory Velvet Hangers: amzn.to/3pRnZ4P
*Black-on-black Velvet Hangers: amzn.to/2JOVuFF
Cleaning:
*BEST Bathroom Cleaner: amzn.to/3hMWnLd
Filming:
*Camera (used for 5+ years): amzn.to/2MGbJ9b
🌿All music is from Epidemic Sound. *Sign up for a 30 day free trial with Epidemic Sound here! share.epidemicsound.com/vGvHt
*affiliate links
🌿About The Suitcase Designer - 🙋🏻♀️ I'm April, this channel is a space to combine my love of interiors with my life as an ever moving expat. Life, interiors and living styles can look very different depending on where you live around the world and I hope to showcase that to you here. I currently live in South Korea with my husband and kitty. I've spent my time in Korea teaching english and only recently quit my job to follow my passion* of interior design and home cleaning & organizing on The Suitcase Designer.
*not a designer by trade, but I promise you I've never made a space look worse 😂
🌿Where we've lived:
USA: Texas, Oregon, California, Alaska
Asia: South Korea, Bali (not lived, but spent a while traveling there)
Oceana: Australia
Next move... TBA
#apartmentmakeover #homemakeover #onabudget 
Хобби
At last.
Thank gawd for that!! Good job in trying circumstances 👍 I hope this has inspired Annie to continue 😊
Yay I have been looking forward to this
I hope so!
💛💛
My biggest pet peeves with makeovers is when the designer -for the sake of the reveal- hides or gets rid of essential items. It's entirely unrealistic. I watched an office makeover where the reveal just didn't include the peripherals for the computer. No one is going to unplug and put away their keyboard and mouse every day on a desk top pc IN THEIR OFFICE. It just made no sense.
Hahaha Abso-fucking-lutely!
You sound super disappointed at the end of the video but you did such a great job. In the end you gave her a clean functional space with a little bit of personality.
I was just so irritated with the contact paper! I wanted it to stop but it was never ending 🤣
I hated seeing you beat yourself up in this one! I’m honestly blown away by how big of a difference y’all made in this apartment - it’s kind of a nightmare apartment 😂 tiny, long and skinny, GRAY, tiled walls - lots of challenges but I think it’s so much more inviting and cozy
So glad you can see the progression!
This is what I needed to see, I was always dissappointed even after watching budget makeovers, easy rental makeovers, etc cause they did not seem realistic, still felt over the budget, or I didn't have those tools, skills, or help to do what they showed. That's all entertaining and fascinating to watch. But, this is real, this is relatable, and actually useful for my apartment and lifestyle. Thankyou for deciding to do this🙏.
THIS
That is seriously one INCREDIBLE job! Honestly, I am so, so impressed with how it turned out! Sure, there are parts that could've looked neater - if you had more time and money. But this is really the reality of many people, and I think it's so cool (and much more fun, for that matter) to see you work with what you've got and a realistic budget!
I love how you saw so many different opportunities, had solutions to fix pretty much any problem - all affordable - and that you are so open and real about the challenges throughout. You deserve a huge round of applause, April, you worked wonders!!
Thank you! I needed to hear this😢
Highly recommend Annie to review this series once in a while to keep the motivation and know what to start with to maintain or even improve her apartment LOL
I feel awful for saying this, however, there comes a time in your life when you need to become a grown up and keep your space clean. Regardless of how many hours you work, it doesn't take more than 30 minutes a day to keep your space clean and organized. By leaving trash laying round etc. just emphasizes a lack of maturity.
I LOVE what you did with such a small and cramped space. It looks amazing!!!
Oh yes! Keeping it clean is such an easy way to make it feel nicer!
or they are suffering from a number of things. adhd. depression. life traumas. theres alot that makes keeping your life together hard. alot of people can seem fine on the surface but are dealing with alot behind closed doors so to speak.
Just a tip for those sticky hooks, dental floss works great to separate them from the wall 😊
I'm glad/relieved that you're done! This project seemed quite frustrating, the space was difficult to work with.
I’m so relieved too!
Holly crap, went back and rewatched the first episode, it looks so much bigger! You did awesome hun, can't wait to see the next project. 😁👍💙
Thank you 💛lots of fun ones to come!
To be honest I don't think Annie help you as much as she could have. There were jobs that would have been easy for her to sort. Or atleast not to add to clutter as your trying to remove it. I know she's busy and has her own life. But feels like once your not there, there will be a slip into mayhem again. I hope she can finish the jobs that you couldn't.
Yes, what you accomplish when working in real spaces (ie not the makeovers on tv where they hide the real stuff people have) larger depends on having the client there to help get it organized in a practical way for them. But Annie wasn’t available so I just tried to do what I could!
It looks fine, no need to stress over the small stuff, April.
I can’t believe how open this looks. I wasn’t convinced moving the bookshelves to far end was a good idea but I really like ten at far end.
as a fellow neat freak I can totally relate to how cringe-worthy it must have felt to leave the apartment and its makeover at that point 😅 I'm pretty sure those half-taped midnight blue bookshelves will make an appearance in my nightmares. but the overall achievements are just remarkable and extremely relatable. You were right, we need more of this!
More REAL makeovers!
@@SpaceMakerMethod totally! not the equivalents of a teenage Anne Hathaway makeover where there's basically a model underneath and you just buy expensive clothes, contacts, and a hair straightener 😅
New furniture placement made a huge improvement it’s a pretty impressive transformation. Here’s a useful tip if you’ve access to a sewing machine - Turn king duvet cover into queen or double by running lines of stitching in from both long edges to the width of the duvet you have. Your duvet won’t move around all over the place and the sides drape beautifully
Great tip, thank you!
Watching all the lint be removed from the couch in sped up motion was so satisfying...especially with the tape sound effect 👌
Haha! It was satisfying... until kitty sat down again and it needed to be rolled again 🤣🤣
The always struggle of pet hair.
You did a fabulous job but I would be so claustrophobic in that apartment, it's not the size it's the lack of windows.
OMG I’m not sure how you watched this😹 it just now went live 🤪
LOL, I watched this yesterday at 2pm eastern time in the USA. Too funny.
Haha somehow you were able to access the unlisted link 🤣 too funny!
It looks so much bigger, cleaner and brighter than it did in the very beginning. I think this space was a challenge because the space itself, and the pieces it came with, was tough to work with. Good job April, April’s husband, and Annie for all your hard work!!! And a special shout-out to kitty for being so fun to watch. 🥰✨🙌🏼
Thank you 💛
I think you did an amazing job in Annie’s apartment. It looks organized much bigger and definitely more organized. Now if we can just get Annie to keep it that way.
16:23 when the cat was clearly after something fun was sooo cute!
That little kitty nose!
Great work! We just needed a Before and After shot to really appreciate what you managed to do, and you did a wonderful job of making Annie's studio a home.
OMG I had those slides made and forgot to show them! There’s one more video coming for this series and I will be sure to show them!
You did a great job the project was good there is space and it looks much brighter
Thank you!
You did a remarkable job on this apartment. So many hurdles to overcome. It actually gives out a peaceful and light vibe....organized!!
So glad you see that!
Yay! So inspiring, keep it up. Great channel!
Thank you 💛💛💛
💓I'm loving your videos!! Just found you and I was in the middle of a massive declutter! Especially after my and my husbands parents passed away and we had way too much stuff!! LOL Thanks 💓
Place came out great! Amazing how much you were able to accomplish with such a small space.
You did a remarkable job with a studio that looks more like a barracks or prison cell than an apartment (right down to the heavy furniture you can't get rid of and stuff literally bolted in place).
so glad to have found your channel! just binged this series and absolutely loved how real it was. i recently moved into a new place that has very little storage and have been thinking that i needed to buy new storage furniture to make our space feel more like a home and less like a storage unit. but having now watched and listened to your “first step declutter”, that’s definitely what i’ll be doing first. thank you!!!!
Looks great with the budget you had. The stools are so pretty and her apartment looks so much bigger❤
Thank you! Loved those stools
Don't be too hard on yourself! You did wonders within your constraints. I think it is much improved. Great job, April. I am moving soon and I can't wait to start decorating using your tips.
Oh how fun!!! Where are you moving to?
Annie's clutter is driving her crazy but she's so nice about it lol
Haha
Please give yourself grace! You did awesome! Remember the surprises you found when you were initially planning. Also, you stayed on budget!!!! That's all wonderful! And your client was really happy with the changes. You succeeded!!!
I watched this whole series yesterday & was kinda sad when I saw the last video hadn't been uploaded yet, so happy it went up today as I was getting invested in Annie's room! I rolled my eyes so many times at Annie throughout this but realised I'm very much like her especially with stocking up on products & keeping empty boxes (still don't know why I do this?)! You did a great job especially with all the parts of this room you had to overcome, it looks so much better!
Good timing! Cute boxes are always a challenge 🤣
Another empty box, and your reaction was so funny... 😅 luv your vlog
🤣🤣🤪
Great job April, you do what you could with your budget. You show us perseverance, great ideas for people in the same conditions. As you say not everyone has big spaces and a lot of money to do projects and renovations. That is the reality. What is important is that we can get ideas from you channel to make the best on our space. I wish Annie appreciate what you did on her apartment and try to keep it the best way possible. You did A GREAT JOB!!!!! Thank you👍🏻👏🏻😀
Thank you! I couldn’t agree more!
Great job April ❤️❤️❤️
Thank you 💛
I love organization, I love your attitude and outlook, and I’m so glad this video is finally up!! ☺️🖤
Thank you so much! Lots more organizing videos to come!
Looks great.
Love your channel. You did an awesome job. I like the way your channel is so real and you taught me to enjoy my space, and make the most of it with your technique clean, declutter, organize. Thanks so much
Thank you so much! I'm so glad it helps!
I think it's really coming together. It's inspiring because it's real life. We all have to make do with a budget and time constraints. I can't wait to see the finished apartment tour.
Absolutely!
Hey, April! I've waited for this video. You did an awesome job! 🥳 Also, thanks for featuring my extreme room makeover! Hope that'll inspire people with tiny rooms. Salamat, April! ❤
You had a great room transformation! Hope you’re enjoying your space 💛
Great work! Your creativity and realness are refreshing. Looking forward to upcoming transformations.
I would put the drawing+washi tape above the bed for some illusion of higer ceiling
You are so funny today!!!
Your work ethic is so strong, especially when working with other people's spaces. I understand that you want to make it perfect, but you are limited by the materials and the budget. This apartment looks soooo much lighter, brighter and cleaner! You did a very, very good job. I hope you can give yourself some credit after you recover from the Great Pandemic Contact Paper Wrangling Situation :)
The great contact paper struggle was real that night! 🤪
You did such an amazing job with all the design and budget constraints - really creative ideas! Moved into a new space and it also has awkward spacing so this is giving me inspo - sometimes it's just a grind to get things decluttered but that's the process I guess - especially with limited space.
Finally! It looks so good ♡♡
Glad you like it!
K I think you did an amazing job! It looks sooo much bigger and a softer vibe. It's easy to see what else can be done in there vs before when it more of a challenge
Absolutely!
This turned out so good!
Thank you 💛
This was epic!
🤣
Awesome 👍❤️ thank you for the lovely insights X God bless 🙏
💛
April. great job!!!
I’m looking forward to seeing the finished space once Annie is done with it and settled in. This was a seriously challenging space to work in! It definitely looks better and hopefully it functions better too. That kitty is the CUTEST omg. I loved the way she just sat there watching you work, probably wondering wtf you were talking all the time. 😂 Hopefully the contact paper didn’t get you too down. I would’ve been sobbing by halfway through the day tbh.
I am so late to the TSD party. I’ve only recently discovered your wonderful channel. The laundry room makeover you did in the US was the first I’d seen just last week. I’ve been playing catch up. I’ve so enjoyed your makeovers in S. Korea. This series was no exception. Your solutions were so outside the box and were spectacular. (Personally I’d have left the shelves blue, but it is not my space and the covering really did add life to the space).
I enjoy your honest and realistic approach to organizing.
For a hot second I really thought you were teasing a cat cafe makeover and I was VERY EXCITED.
This series is how I found you, I'm so glad I did, and this reveal is amazing. Deeply more useful to live in and more appealing to invite friends inside! So proud of you both!
Hahaha omg a cat cafe!? How fun would that be!
Love your channel so much. Love from Sacramento California
Thank you 💛💛💛
I totally understand ur frustration on this project. I live in a in-law apt with a very tiny bathroom, galley kitchen & a small room that has this weird shelf/wall thing that takes up 2 whole walls so u can't push anything to go flush up against the wall. UGH! I have finally arranged it after 30yrs in a way that one side is the bedroom & the other side is the living room like Annie. It's very challenging. I've been purging a lot since watching ur videos. I understand about keeping it organized, but if I'm being honest it's much harder when u only have one room. It feels like I put everything away & two days later I'm back at square one. It is a challenge on a regular basis. What I have learned is that the less u have the easier it is. I agree on the contact paper, I would have just let it b. (I don't think Annie is honestly going to finish it)🤷♀️ U did an amazing job with what u had to work with. 👏
Maybe Annie can "frame" the print with the black tape to have a cleaner look ?
Yes! I hope so! I really preferred in framed!
LOVE IT!!!
Thank you 🙏
..." April is coming over .... get crackin and get the empty boxes out of bloody sight .... "... 😁🤣🤣 hilarious! ( Said in the best UK accent one can muster ... )
I loved that impromptu thing of your English accent ... ! Looking good, it's getting almost to the Finish Line. 👏🏻👏🏻🙂🌟.... you and J. did so much, ...it looks 50 times better ,please do not be hard on yourself, it's " just Life , " and yes, doing the best ,with what we have.... and nothing is ever " Perfect ".
Oh no! She had a leak!? That stinks!! I love how light and airy it looks because you got rid of having so much dark blue. I normally love dark blue but in a small space it made it feel smaller. I love the look of white bedding but with a black lab there is no way I could do that! Random: your turtleneck looks so cozy I love it!! The little hand move you made when you had the sheet on your hands cracked me up - too cute! It looks like the little kitty was nodding her head yes when you talked to her 🤣 I’ve tried that cream before I love it in the winter when I need a heavier cream on my skin! It was in Adrienne’s skincare package - so were those sheet masks. The mirror into the wire rack was a great idea. When you took the light off the wall and made the face I died!!! That is what I do in those situations! 🤣🤣 I love the look of leaving some shelves empty for negative space it makes it appear less cluttered and like you have more of an airy feel!
Wow! Amazing job 👏👏👏 I agree with other comments on the realness of your makeovers which I appreciate (i.e. the home edit is completely unrealistic!). You must be relieved to be done 🤪
Thank you! I’m so glad you like it! My mind is happy to have free space to focus on the next!
So funny. You make me laugh. I love that I’m not the only one who gets stressed when taking on home projects.
Oh absolutely. It is stressful and I think so many years of watching unrealistic makeovers has built those false expectations up too!
Don’t feel bad! I know that you probably had a vision for this space. But like you said, when you’re on a budget you can’t always get exactly what you want. You did such a great job with that apartment! And if Annie get some extra money in the future that she can spend on her apartment then she can slowly improve the things she wants to improve. I love that you always are so passionate for your projects and your videos are amazing!
Thank you and you’re absolutely right!
For pet hair you can use rubber gloves like the big ones used for house cleaning. :)
Really!???
Well done! Looks so much better! With the contact paper it can sometimes be easier to cut a bigger piece then you need, stick it to the surface and then use a knife to cut it to size, sort of using the furniture edge as the guide..... also keep the backing on when you stick just the top edge on, and then slide the backing off as you use the scraper to smooth. I’ve done a fair bit of contact paper stuff and I deffo wouldn’t attempt this shelf.... so many surfaces!
Oh and also if it’s IKEA (or any flat pack furniture), take it apart so you are covering the flat bits while they are all separate and easy to get at, and then re build the furniture. It seems like taking the furniture apart would add loads of time, but it honestly is the fastest way!
Love 💕
Ommmggggg it’s heeeereeee!!!
🥰
I love this video but you’re being too hard on yourself!! (And maybe Annie a little) maybe seeing all her lovely makeup all organized sparks joy for her! Also I’m not wearing much make up at all because of Covid but I still love it 💕
Excuses are fine but in the end you’ve done an amazing job and you should be more proud of yourself 🥰
Thank you! I hope she likes it!
Umm, kitty stole the show!!!!! 😍
Beautiful kitty 😻
🦁
One suggestion for any future project would be to just put the light colored contact paper on the back of each box of the bookcase and not anywhere else. The back lightened up with paper and using light colored fabric cubes on shelves as needed should lighten up the furniture and really change its look without so much work. Great job on the makeover!
It actually is white already, but it looked kinda of odd not matching the rest 🤪🤷🏻♀️
Excellent choice not spray painting in the apartment. I did that once in my house and... There's a definite reason why they say so it outside.
Contact paper has never been my friend. I’ve tried, but it always looks messy. I personally didn’t mind the blue shelving, but to hide the blue I maybe would have tried some funky curtains on the shelving units attached with Velcro or something removable? And then maybe the contact paper only on the exposed top and side. That being said … it all comes down to what the client wants in the end.
A big lush velvet curtain on one of those walls would have been how I did it. it would 100% be my vibe
Hi April. Great job! I actually loved to see the struggles and challenges. It makes it so much more real. Just a heads up, the link to Annie's channel was not working for me. I wanted to see what she actually decided to do with the shelf.
Oh no! Okay I've fixed it!
Great video, as always! Though after one of the other videos I thought about changing my bookshelves with contact paper but now that I saw you going crazy because of the process I'm glad the Ikea is closed so I have not bought any yet. lol
Definitely easier to paint if it's your own property! But adding patterned wallpaper or contact paper to the backs of each shelf can add a bit of pizazz 😊
Haha 😛 yes it’s so hard! I wish painting were easier here!
Wow skill good♡♡♡
Thank you 💛
Great job April😊, I know you've put a lot of effort in this makeover and did the best possible realistic makeover in a budget. I do understand that you want your viewers to see everything realistically. But I feel you can skip or fast forward few scenes specially when you go back and forth. Instead you can do before and after images, for e.g. before makeup station and after shot. Hope this helps😇, keep growing. Love from Shilpa, India ❤
Thanks for the input, there will actually be a sort of summary video for those who don’t like watching all the steps. Coming soon.
@@SpaceMakerMethod Although I love your detailed videos with every minute explanations. It's just that I feel amping up the editing part will be beneficial for you. And yes, summary videos or shorts are great ideas😊
The theme of TSD is to be realistic and sometimes that means showing more of what’s really going on. It’s not for everyone and that’s okay.
@@SpaceMakerMethod I totally understand, the whole concept of your content that if someone actually doing makeover with or without help what it's like. There is lot of exhaustion, give ups, frustration, budget issues etc and in fact I've relatable experiences. By no means I was referring to change that essence, I am really sorry if my comment seemed that way😕
Oh no problem! It’s a weird thing to show more of the process even if it’s slower, it kind of goes against RUclips 🤪 but I like to be different 🤪
You are the sweetest girl but sometimes you look crazy.....so passionate about your job you just dont understand why other people dont get it....I am the same 🤯
Search for a video of the rolling method to change duvet covers, it is life changing!
Fun! I’ll check it out! Though I really like my method too 🤪
Oh you are being too hard on yourself... seriously see you in stress gave me stress, you did an incredible job. The state the apartment was in and after you r intervention it is soo much better.
i love the big sister reminders lmao
current struggle is all the donation centers are so overwhelmed with donations they have limited hours or limited amounts they take in
idk where to dump all my crap I dont want anymore lmao
I tried a few things on facebook marketplace but even then people don't want my crap either haha
Omg I’ve heard from others about donation centers being full! 🥺
Did she make a tour of the apartment on her channel?
OVERWHELMED
100% don’t contact the shelves, I would just try to use other colours to blend the blue in. You did a great job but it’s impossible to contact anything really and make it look professional. I love your videos April, you are a huge inspiration. I hired a carpet cleaner over the weekend to try to get the cream carpet in my rental home clean. It was horribly stained so I just kept going till all the stains came out and it made a huge difference to the place. I kinda secretly love to clean, I’d love to start my own cleaning/organisation/design business.
Oh my gosh I love that! I was obsessed with carpet steamers when I was young.
Did all the stains come out!??
@@SpaceMakerMethod yes most of them did, I need to get on to instagram so I can send you a picture
please follow up on whether or not Annie actually does her homework and finishes the contact paper hahahaha
Hopefully she will show that in her apartment tori
Tour*
thumbnail says After - After , is it supposed to be that way xD
You could add a “leg” to the V on the pizza, pasta, and VINE graphic and make it Wine :)
😂
It’s probably not a pulled muscle but a herniating disc causing pressure of the sciatic nerve causing the butt pain . Be very careful with your lifting
Haha I think it was just sore, all good now 🤪
Am I the only one kind of disturbed by this screen shot?
Haha why?
I think if you go back there in a month this place will be a convoluted mess she dosn't seem too keen on being organized.
I've watched a number of your makeover videos and enjoyed them but I have to ask: what is the obsession Korean women seem to have with skin care products??
One of my pet peeves is those stupid ripped jeans. How in the word did those become a fashion. They look ridiculous.
Jeez April, you're all over the place in this video!! At least 3 times i watched you almost breaking/damaging her TV, all because of carelessness and not focusing on what you're doing 😬 The final result & reveal was great, and reflects your skills, but i felt that 2/3 of this video just felt disorganised, kind of "fragmented", with you hopping between all the projects you had planned for the day, instead of focusing on 1 or 2 projects at a time and follow those through.... I don't know if its the way you edited the video, but it also feels like you don't plan before you do things. There was always a "BUT" with each project, and most of your ideas fell through because you failed to measure and check things.... I felt frustrated as i watched you explain (for far too long) what you're about to do each time, and then not being able to do it. I know this is suppose to be realistic, but still... it just felt stressful. I'm sorry, but I've noticed this before, and didn't say anything. Trying to be constructive with my criticism, and give you honest feedback and I hope you don't get offended by this, as i do enjoy watching your content 😉
Thanks for trying to be constructive. I do plan, and there are hiccups along the way that you don’t see because it would throw the client under the bus. So those are cut, not mentioned and we move forward. Yes, I measure beforehand but you never know what you get when you order from Asian sites. They can be deceiving, so you always have to hope it works. It wouldn’t have been a problem if I’d been able to get there when originally scheduled but that wasn’t the case do to circumstances outside my control. There is a grip on the tv, I wasn’t going to drop it. I had to hop around because I couldn’t find the supplies that I’d left, they’d been moved and I was trying to figure out where they’d gone which slowed things down. I do hop around from projects when I need a mental break, it may not be how you work but it is how my brain works. I cut quite a lot of footage out that you don’t see. Especially with the hours I spent contact papering. This project in itself was a disaster because I was told I’d have help if this was what asked to be done and then Help didn’t arrive, so I was stressed and annoyed. -I’m not sure what you mean by most of my ideas fell through. I think most of them worked and some of course have hiccups and that’s life. You can plan as much as you’d like but things don’t always work out like that.- not to mention there was a cat who kept tearing down something on her door that would then be tracked over what I’d just cleaned up and then I’d have to repeat whatever I’d just done 😭- many things you don’t see. It was definitely very stressful. This project was a unique one and moving forward i think you’ll find that they aren’t this stressful. Especially the our future makeovers, where the clients are there to help are much more organized and straightforward.