Infectious Mononucleosis (Mono) - the Kissing Disease, Animation
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- Опубликовано: 13 сен 2021
- Symptoms, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. For patient education. This video is available for instant download licensing here: www.alilamedicalmedia.com/-/g...
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Infectious mononucleosis, or mono, is a very common syndrome characterized by the triad of fever, swollen lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) - most frequently in the neck, and sore throat with inflamed tonsils (tonsillar pharyngitis). Patients may also present with headache, fatigue, and enlarged spleen upon physical examination. The syndrome can be caused by several different agents, but the most common is Epstein-Barr virus, EBV; and the term “mononucleosis” usually refers to the disease caused by EBV.
EBV is ubiquitous in human. About 95% of all adults have antibodies against EBV, likely from an infection during childhood. Symptomatic infections are most prevalent in older teens and young adults, especially among college students. Infected young children are often asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Older adults are either immune to the disease thanks to an earlier infection, or have atypical presentations that are misdiagnosed.
EBV is transmitted mainly via infected saliva. The virus is not very contagious, it takes several exposures to high viral loads to acquire EBV. Hence, kissing is the major route of transmission and mono is colloquially known as “the kissing disease”.
The incubation period is typically 3 to 5 weeks. The disease is self-limited and patients usually recover after 2 to 6 weeks, but the virus may remain in the saliva for months. Recovered patients may also shed virus periodically for life without developing symptoms. This is why most people get infected by an asymptomatic person and often cannot recall being exposed to EBV.
After infecting the oral epithelial cells, EBV attacks lymphocytes, in particular B-cells, in the tonsils. Infection then spreads throughout the lymphatic system, causing a massive immune response that is responsible for most of the symptoms. The immune response produces antibodies against EBV, providing lifelong immunity to EBV. At the same time, infection by EBV causes B-cells to proliferate and become antibody-producing plasma cells. Because B-cells are the source of antibodies of all kinds, NON-specific antibodies that do not react to EBV antigens are also produced. These so-called heterophile antibodies may be responsible for the mild thrombocytopenia, generalized rash, and antibiotic-related rash that are occasionally associated with mononucleosis.
As part of the immune defense, cytotoxic T-cells are increased in numbers and activated to kill EBV-infected B-cells. These T-cells have atypical morphology; they are known as Downey cells and are part of the diagnostic workup.
There are 2 antibody tests for mono: monospot test for heterophile antibodies, and EBV-specific antibody test. The monospot test is highly specific, but may give false-negative results in the first week of illness, and has low sensitivity, especially in children. EBV antibody test is performed when monospot test is negative but mono is still suspected.
Mononucleosis is often misdiagnosed as strep throat, and antibiotics may be given inappropriately. Antibiotic treatment can cause a rash to develop and this is often mistaken for antibiotic allergy.
Mononucleosis is self-limited, most patients fully recover after a few weeks, although fatigue may persist for months. Complications are rare but can be severe, sometimes life-threatening.
Treatment is supportive and includes bed rest, hydration, and fever and inflammation reducer. Heavy lifting and active sports must be avoided for a month to prevent splenic rupture. Corticosteroids can be helpful in certain complications, such as impending airway obstruction, but are not usually recommended for uncomplicated disease.
Y did I feel like I was actually going to die when I had this
I’m just starting to get over the symptoms from mono and let me tell you, it is “THE WORST FEELING EVER”. The pain is unbearable, worst sore throat ever you’ll ever have, me personally the only symptoms I have are sore throat, fatigue, and possible enlarged spleen. Today was my 6th day after diagnosis and my sore throat is almost 100% gone and I haven’t took and pain meds. If any of you guys and girls get/ have mono, it will get better, just give it time, make sure to get lots of rest and drink lots of fluids so your sore throat could get better even faster than mine as I was awake for most of the time I was in pain. Good luck y’all and stay safe.
thank you i needed this, currently suffering through the pain
@@jacklucio837 idk if i have mono i’m going to go to the doctor tmr. i haven’t kissed any females but i got sick after i went to the dentist for my braces. i hope it’s not mono bc i have a playoff game for basketball on monday😭
Bro I can’t swallow my spit anymore 😢😂 I have to spit in a cup because my throat is so swollen
Wow I literally thought it wouldn’t get better thx
I might mono
I got mono recently but only realized I had mono because my throat started to bleed nonstop and uncontrollably. I had to go to the ER and get my tonsils removed for me to stop bleeding. Mono gave me the worst sore throat I’ve ever had in my life. I literally couldn’t sleep at all. Before my symptoms got bad I was painfully tired and unmotivated it was so hard to breathe. This is my 3rd day after surgery and I just can’t wait for ts to be over. 🙏
thanks for including the subtitle in the description and also this informative video.
Literally going through Mono rn. First week almost over and it’s absolutely unbearable. I’ve been to the ER and they could only give me steroids, and some liquid over the counter medicine as well as fluids through an IV. i wouldn’t wish my worst enemies to have it. For me this is one of the worst illnesses I have gone through. Throat gets so swollen and painful you can’t swallow, eat, drink, or talk, or breath properly. My whole head is congested especially my nose which doesn’t make breathing any easier. They say to get lots of rest and fluids however I can’t breath whenever I’m lying down because of the illness and congestion!!! I also deal with insomnia so this makes it torture😭😭 Currently talking liquid Ibuprofen, throat losengers, NyQuil, and trying my best to eat and drink. However nothing still has gotten a tad bit better. Ik it’s only the first week but god damn it’s been a long ass week and I physically can’t take this anymore. This is a very serious illness even if it’s common!
Update: it’s been 3 weeks and I have recovered! THANK GOD🙏🏼 I say the most painful of mono is the first week and a half (for me) I know for others it’s either shorter or longer but after I kept taking the medicines (twice a day) it eventually went away and my throat is back to normal. I still experience congestion here and there but it’s not as a severe and probably due to seasonal changes. The tiredness and random body sores are still present however and will probably be for a few more weeks but for me I’d rather deal with that than the inflamed throat!
How you feeling? I went to the doc today they said it could be mono if my sore throat which has been going on for 10 days doesn’t improve they told me to come back so I pray it’s not mono but whatever man I just I live by the end of this, get well soon ❤️
@@rhineyt5202 you will!! Take me for motivation. I deadass thought that would be the end for me cuz it’s not fun at all to have mono but as cliche as it is, soon it will go away. I hope it eases up soon for you 🙏🏼
@BonQueQue thank you 🥲🥲🥲
I’m on day one😅
@@beberocks2129 in week 3+
I got Mono exactly one months ago now. The first week felt like a normal fever with some tiredness. Then the next week the symptoms really started to kick in: extreme fever, very soar throat, pusssacks on both my tonsils, very swollen tonsils, headache and a swollen neck. It is fair to say that I’d bever been as sick because this disease is no joke. I also had great difficulty swallowing and talking because of it.
After a week and a half I started feeling more energetic and was able to eat again. My right tonsil was even clear of any symptoms and it didn’t hurt anymore. After two weeks my left tonsil healed as well and I felt normal again (except for the tiredness from time to time).
Sadly now a months after the first symptoms, my symptoms started to reappear, which supposedly is possible if you’re body is not as resistant as it should be. Extreme pain in my left-swollen tonsil and the pussacks started to reappear.
I really hope I’ll be better in a weeks time as I’ll be going on a cruise vacation then.
Was your chest hurting and was you coughing a lot
@@user-cz8pm9ox8u Coughing yes. Quite a bit, my chest didn’t hurt a lot no
Man i hate this disease---it is making my life hell for two months and no sign of recovery. Headaches, eye pain, lymph node pain... misery... exhaustion.
Have you recovered well?
Had mono when I was 14 or 15, one of the most miserable points I’ve been in, couldn’t leave the house, felt weak with no energy, had to drink constant liquids and barely ate. Not a fun time
Thank you Alila
When I was age 20 and in college I got a virus that started with a sore throat. That went away after a few days but I was so tired....dragged myself to classes..felt weak, depressed and exhausted for about 6 weeks. Think I must have had mono.
The initial fever I got from this was so strong I actually kinda enjoyed it. Was like my nerves and body was encased in a soft, ethereal cloud. Pretty surreal.
Then the headache, normal fever, throat pain, cough, exhaustion and nausea screwed me for a week. There are so many symptoms it’s like having two different illnesses at once.
Mine was like a gross opposite 😂 whole body was extremely sensitive and hurt like hell.
When I had mono, it was so bad, I couldn't eat or drink much because my throat was so painful. I had to go to the emergency room too because my airway was closing and I had trouble breathing.
I had EBV 15 months ago and I am still not right. I never had any fever and I never had a sore throat at all... just a ton of weird nervous system symptoms like tremors in my legs and tingles and migraines/brain fog. It took us a few weeks to figure out it was even mono/EBV. I tested negative on 2 mono spots but we did an antibody test and my numbers were crazy. I feel like I may have had a mild Guillain-Barre response. I had no idea mono could wreck the nervous system like this, I thought it was mainly sore throat and fever disease. I've lost 40 pounds but I am starting to slowly feel myself again. I was 29 and in the best shape of my life before... crazy!
damn me too i never really recovered... :-/
I’m already 6 months into it same case
@@itaykoski8159 I know how you feel... Its a horror Virus
Try taking monolaurin it’s a derivative or coconut and it help me
Daniel, I'm experiencing something very similar now. I also think it could be a mild form of GBS. Numbness and tingling in my arms and face. Doctors have ruled out MS through imaging already. Any chance we could connect via email?
I have mono right now and let me tell you. Swallowing, talking, even breathing hurts. It’s been a lot better today (I’m on my third day of symptoms) and am just eating and drinking whatever will go down. I would be fine if my throat wasn’t in so much pain. I have a ton of congestion in my throat and I’ve been trying to cough a lot of it up but it hurts so bad. Both my tonsils are swollen, although my left one is I would say 4 times it’s regular size. My left tonsil also has puss sacks on it that are very disgusting. Let me tell you, this is the worst throat pain I have ever experienced, and with the combined congestion has been incredibly painful. The fever and clogged sinuses just adds the cherry on top. Stay safe, because this disease sucks
EDIT: SIKE I DONG HAVE MONONUCLEOSIS I HOT BLOOD TESTED NEGATIVE SORRY FALSE ALARM 😅
There are thousands of virus that cause mononucleosis. EBV is the most common but there are plenty of other viruses that cause these symptoms. Doctors don’t test for the whole gamut because treatment (or lack there of) is the same regardless of the virus when it comes to mono. I imagine your doc tested for EBV and maybe CMV, but just because those tested negative doesn’t mean you don’t have one of the other thousands of viral infections considered as “mono”.
Thank you so much sir
Nice animated video
I have this and it sucks so much, I can’t even sleep :(
I have it too. Did u recover yet?
@@catherineann3138 yeah i recovered but it turned into something much worse so I had to stay in the hospital for a month but hopefully u recovered too, God bless
@@catherineann3138 i also have it
Any suggestion when the lymph’s and tonsils are still swollen after 6 weeks?
Thank alila i will always thank you
I've learnt a lot from this video
It’s been three months and I’m still sick on the daily, symptoms come and go but I haven’t been functioning as usual since the start
How are you today?
Thank you for sharing, nice to connect.🤝🤝💝💝💝
Haven’t slept in two days due to how large my tonsils are. gotta heal with rest but can’t rest. Fml
Got this diagnosis yeaterday. My only symptom is that it feels like a needle in my armpit every now and then, for the past 10 days. Odd symptom but i thought it's probably some hidden infection. Looks like i might have an easier case than many if no more symptoms appear :)
Good stuff
Ahh mono, just two young couples not willing to contain themselves or thats how i got it. Going thru it rn and it really does suck ass, cant eat or sleep easy and feeling weak w a headache also even if i get some sleep ill still wake up w a bad fever and chills.. my only question that ponders is how the hell did they deal w this back before modern meds? Mustve been brutal
I’m literally a virgin and I’ve only kissed 3 ppl and I’m going through this and I’m an adult so it’s not like I can’t control myself. I haven’t gotten diagnosed but I think it’s this. I had gotten a “lie bump” on my tongue 2 weeks after getting in a relationship. It hurt so bad. It was torture for almost 2 weeks. After 4 we’re broken up and I’m getting symptoms of this. This is a nightmare 🥹
I had like every symptom at some point of my mono infection, the fever was gone by the first week, but everything else only got worse until like three weeks in, definitely one of top three worst sicknesses I’ve had 😂
I haven’t been diagnosed but here’s my symptoms for anyone who might be similar. I’m kinda scared to get checked out. I’ve only kissed 3 ppl my entire life and this is happening 2/3 weeks after a breakup so this is ridiculous.
- Sore throat. Only on the left side. It started as an uncomfortable feeling like something is stuck in my throat. I don’t eat popcorn because the kernels get stuck in my throat and every once in a while (every few years) I get soft pieces of food stick there.
- i have severe post nasal drip on a regular basis and when I clear my throat it’s so frequent that my throat becomes raw and red. I also flex my throat to get rid of kernals in the back of it. So I did a mix of this. I thought a sore throat was the normal feeling/consequence of doing those things so I didn’t worry.
- suddenly I have a loss of appetite. I already struggle with eating big portions or frequently. The hunger is so severe it’s like a pregnancy symptom almost. Some Pregnant women get so hungry that they cry themselves to sleep from hunger pains and wake up crying too. It was ALMOST this severe. The smell and appearance of everything makes me NAUSEOUS, even my favorite food. Pizza, sushi, tomato soup, ramen, it’s hard to eat chips.
-I have an extreme headache. Migraine level. I RARELY get headaches. I constantly clear my throat a lot because of post nasal drip and this requires me to cough. My headache is so bad that when I cough my head vibrates with pain.
- im tired but I can’t sleep. I’m a night owl so normally I can sleep anywhere between 12PM-7AM. It’s 1 pm and I haven’t been to sleep.. and I woke up at 3 PM yesterday.
- I feel so weak. I can walk and move but I’m dizzy and my teeters to the side slightly. Sometimes it looks like I’m stumbling.
- my eyes are itchy, but this could be a symptom of allergy I already have. It slightly burns when I cry though. Not normal.
-I already have back problems that I go to physical therapy for. I can’t go because I have no energy. So I’m not exercising at all. I’ve done this before (skipped days of t and it still didn’t hurt this bad). Keep in mind I have LOW GRADE scoliosis, so back pain is normal for me but it’s so much worse.
- I haven’t brushed my teeth in 4 days because I don’t have much strength to do it. Washing my hands is a chore, but thankfully that doesn’t require any effort in my arms. I expected my tounge to be white ofc, and went to brush it today after feeling slightly better cuz I took migraine medicine. I look on the back left side of my throat where I told y’all I feel the bump. It looks like a bunch of thrush. So obviously I try to get it out and it hurts. I can taste blood but it hurts less now. The spot is still white though and the “flush” doesn’t come out.
- im superrrrr hot. No matter how low the air is. Idk if this is a fever or female hormones.
I made this as in detailed as possible. I have no other symptoms from this video. Also I CAN STILL EAT JUST FINE(it hurts a bit) BUT IM ON DAY 3-4! I also have no bumps on my jaws
Same. My sore throat started normal, in the center of my throat. Now, the sore throat has traveled to the left side. I’m on the ending of week 1 and feel like shit 😔. My left ear hurts and it’s traumatic to swallow anything. I’ve already lost 5 lbs, and haven’t been in the gym in over a week 😭😭. I feel like all my hard work is gone already
@@miami-dade3058 Hii, it turned out I had tonsillitis. I had no idea the symptoms were that similar. Did you get diagnosed? And are you feeling better?
@@JulyIzHere Hey, def feeling better, thank God 🙏🏾 and thanks for asking. Gaining my weight back and returned to the gym 🍑. I went to urgent care, which was a waste of time and money. The PA did a COVID/ strep test….everything came back negative, so he concluded that it was viral. He didn’t run any other test ofc. I’m pretty sure it was mono, because I went on a date with a cheater I met at the gym 🙄. We made out, smh. I’m glad that’s the only thing we did that night, but mad I got mono from a cheater 🤮🤣. But all is well and lesson learned. I hope you’re feeling better from the tonsillitis, even though that was a month ago 🙏🏾❤️
I also have a sore throat on the left side. Along with nausea, fever, chills, fatigue, loss of appetite, etc.
Gonna get it checked out at the doc later.
After reading the comments. I’m scared. I got diagnosed two days ago. I’ve only had a headache. Tiredness. And Nausea mainly. No fever, no sore throat. Nothing else really. I was not expecting mono and I’m scared I’m only gonna get worse. I don’t know when I got it or how. I don’t even know when things really started. I just went to the ER because during a movie; I felt really dizzy, weird mentally and couldn’t think straight and shaky. Then I found out that I had mono. So far I feel basically normal. Just alittle out of it. But idk. I’m really hoping things don’t get worse.
same thing happened to me. i was already sick with mono for about two weeks until i started getting the sore throat and fever
also in the first week i thought i was just getting a cold. terrible body aches, nausea, weakness, lightheaded, and migraines
Who got diagnosed with mono and is watching this vid?
For me it started 2 weeks ago, was realy sick for 4 days, than after 2 more day i went to work and also got the 3rd shot of Pfizer.
The same day after the shot things went to sht, 39 degree fever, zero apetite, and fatigue like i never had before. My doctor thold me it was becouse of the vaccine and that it will go away in a couple of days.
One week later things didnt get better and my doc finaly took my blood for tests. Beside my splin even my liver is a bit enlarged so i have to keep a diet.
Yeah after 2 weeks i found out its a virus that lil kids get in kindergarden...
Next week i have to do blood tests again, hope ill get better.
Just dont take it lightly, mono freaking sucks.
I been with this for more then a year🥺🥺the fatigue never get done
i got diagnosed with it like 4 months ago and still feel like i have recovered. The fatigue is insane 😭
@@Juli108 sht sorry to hear that.
Me its the 6th week and i feel much better, no more fatigue or random back and head pains.
my liver still feels a bit strange on my right side, im doing another blood test next monday...
@@giannaw.8140 Same casé
🥺🥺This never end I hope we get better do you have any treatment
@@lordrefrigeratorintercoole288 I am son glad for you 😁
Can You give me some advice to overcome this
eheheh... guess i'll die :)
(sprinted to the train just yesterday)
i was 17 years of age and got mono , i got sick , and lost about 20lbs in 1 week ,horrible infection
If you have this, please read and consider trying this remedy. Comment, like if it works for you.
2 garlic clove/bulbe (use a press, do not eat whole)
Papaya seed (chew and swallow 10-15 seeds )
Pumpkin seed (organic/raw)
I was diagnosed with anemia. My hemoglobin WAS low, but that’s not why I felt so awful! But I had no fever, sore throat, headache or rash. Only weakness, extreme fatigue, and shortness of breath. I’m 72! No way I got it from kissing! 🤣😂
You win this time, tequila.
I just got this shit, I’m feeling fine, and can still run in football but can’t get hit.
Also how the hell did I get this without kissing?!?
I have this shit rn, and I just want it to stop 😭😭😭😭😭😭
Same cannot eat anything and it just doesn’t get better wbu?
@@lewiswayne3380 believe it or not, I saw a giant improvement in health 2-3 days after the doctor got me prescribed on sterioids and kept me on tylenol. I no longer have a headache, the fatigue is basically gone at the point, and i almost feel normal, tho i still have strep throat and horrible nose congestion. the mono disease finally subsisded for me after about 2 and a half weeks. 1 and a half of those weeks was just pure pain and bed ridden. mono is easily the worst thing ive been through on my life, and to think the symptoms have subsided is heavenly. stick in there man. I suggest having checkups at different clinics. Ive been to urgent care, the ER, and regular clinics. all of there combined tests and treatment has saved me in the long run. best of luck to you 👍
@@giovan4853 Hello guys, 1 year later and here i'm, after 1 week taking antibiotics, my medic thinks it could be mono, i will only have the results in 6 days, but man, my sore is killing me, i cant eat anything, and drink gives me a really bad pain.
Can we die with this diseas
What doesn’t kill you, only makes you stronger.
Thank you, I would be grateful if you can add Chinese subtitles
I have just added Chinese subtitles with automatic translation. Please help to see if the translation is good!
Mono sucks. Had to get a hydromorphone injection it was so bad..
Sir can I tell sinus track 1 vedio u I make
By toplel
Im gonna die... I dont have health insurance... Yay!! 😒
Are You ok
I have mononucleosis to
I feel really bad
@@jlocano4663 oh yeah, I ended up being fine… the sore throat lasted FOR FUCKING EVER! Just keep drinking hot teas, and eat soft foods… i treated it like a strep throat cuz thats what it felt like. It literally took like 2 and a half weeks to COMPLETELY get back to normal.
@@diamari91 What's good I been with fatigue for more of a year
@@Juli108 yeah, I was completely fine after about 3 weeks total. I hadn’t experienced fatigue but for the first week or so of my sickness. Once I rested enough, I would make it my mission to walk outside and get some air, which helped a BUNCH for my throat pain for some reason (I dont get the science behind it, but it worked for me). My only advice for fatigue is to drink water. I feel like a nice cool bottle of water was so refreshing while I was feeling fatigued.
I got when I was 13 it was horrible it wasn’t through kissing either. Not sure really how I got it but it was the worst time ever I hear Epstein-Barr you can have in the future as a result of it.
So it’s curable?
So now no kiss to the partner 😜