Xylem & transpiration | Life processes | Biology | Khan Academy
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- Опубликовано: 25 ноя 2024
- Let's learn how transpiration helps water transport in xylem
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Created by Mahesh Shenoy
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Active Absorption
In the case of active absorption, water moves through symplast and it is absorbed according to the Diffusion Pressure Deficit changes. The rate of absorption is slow. It comprises osmotic and non-osmotic forces.
Humidity and temperature can have an impact. The force required for the absorption of water is mainly generated in the root cells itself. There would be a decrease in the rate of water absorption if the metabolic inhibitors are applied.
Passive Absorption
The rate of absorption is fast. It occurs in rapidly transpiring plants. The movement of plants is through apoplast and it is absorbed due to transpiration pull and it is created due to the stress created in xylem sap. The rate of absorption significantly depends upon the rate of transpiration. The force required for the absorption of water is mainly generated in the mesophyll cells.
Xylem
Xylem is a long, non-living tube running from the roots to the leaves through the stem. The water is absorbed by the root hair and undergoes cell to cell movement by osmosis until it reaches the xylem. This water is then transported through the xylem vessels to the leaves and is evaporated by the process of transpiration.
The xylem is also composed of elongated cells like the phloem. However, xylem is especially accountable for transporting water to all plant parts from the roots. Since they serve such an important function, a single tree would have a lot of xylem tissues.
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Best explanation
Generally a useful video. However, as it is for educational purposes it should be accurate. Example: 'from lower concentration to higher concentration'. Diffusion is exactly the opposite. Where the concentration is higher in one solution and lower in another it will diffuse until the liquid is in equilibrium. Sugary water in solution added to a cup of coffee will diffuse until the whole cup of coffee has the same concentration. Another example is the cells of the tree are not 'dead'. If they were the tree would be dead. The membranes referred to within certain cells that are lost. Deciduous trees have tracheids. They are short closed cells that have valves termed as 'pits' They enable liquid to pass one way only. Tracheids are relatively short therefore staggered in height along the length of the member. They are the reason that the 'head' of water can defy gravity. Water can only defy gravity if there is something either pushing it up - pump using pressure for example. Pumps are limited to how high water can be pushed. Or, pulled by negative pressure. Water has the H2O molecules relatively close together as a liquid. It is the atomic bonding that is pulling them together. H2O molecules are polar therefore they are attracted to each other. Sorry to contradict your video. Generally it is very good. At least it is presenting the correct principle as opposed to saying it was 'capillary attraction' (which some other 'educational videos' are presenting - which is entirely wrong). As a former College lecturer it is an interesting topic. It should be correctly presented though.
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And what is about a winter time? When a lot of plants lose their leaves
See the phloem video
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