Foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus | Circulatory system physiology | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy
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- Опубликовано: 28 авг 2024
- Watch how the fetal heart allows blood to simply bypass the lungs altogether using the Foramen Ovale and the Ductus Arteriosus! Rishi is a pediatric infectious disease physician and works at Khan Academy. Created by Rishi Desai.
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Amen!
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I just love how thorough you are. This stuff can be confusing but you explain it so well...and your illustrations are perfect.
thank you so much--i'm a nursing student and this has helped me understand the basics of fetal circulation as it relates to the pathophysiology of congenital heart defects. love it!
Wow wow wow. This is too perfect. Thank you, God bless you.
It's written in every Embryology book, that's not a big deal to understand this. Ductus arteriosus Botalli: Anastomosis between Lung truncus and Aorta. Foramen ovale: Hole between left and right Atrium. Both are physiological and close during brith normally (Foramen ovale closes due to increase of pressure in small circulation system, both septums (primum and secundum) are compressed to each other and close the Foramen ovale). Sometimes the obliteration and closure does not happen. Sometimes these Shunts are the only thing, that sustain the life of the newborn. It depends of the defect combinations. BTW: Before the Foramen ovale is created, the blood flows throw the Ostium primum and secundum to the other Atrium.
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I was luckily watched this video the night before my license exam. And for sure found the question related there. What a blessing. Thank you so much!
I teach nursing and tutor many, many students for the NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN. Khan Academy is indispensable resource to me and my students. Thank you!
Before I read my pediatric nursing book over the fetal heart I had to find a visual of how it worked. Your video is perfect. Thanks!!!!!!
I am a student midwife and you are my saviour! Such a clear description and well drawn video. You got skillz. Thank you.
I just love the presenter, he is very organized, systematic and clear in how presents the material
Thank you so much, may God bless you
sharing this with all my fellow nursing students! Your 15 minute lecture was great! totally understood it better than in my sit in class.
Summary (not perfect) if anyone wants to add to notes: Fetal Heart - looks like adult heart but some differences:
Superior Vena Cava - dragging blood back from arms and head region. Blue blood
Inferior Vena Cava - blood coming from body and umbilical vein (oxygen rich blood from placenta). Pink blood. Major source of oxygen fetus is getting is from inferior vena cava.
4 Chambers of Heart: Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Ventricle. Full of purple blood (mix of blue and pink).
Parts of heart: Aorta (main artery in human body, originating from left ventricle of heart), Pulmonary Artery (carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs), Pulmonary Veins (large blood vessels that receive oxygenated blood from lungs and drain into left atrium of heart).
Right Lung - blood coming into arterioles & capillaries from pulmonary artery. In fetus, nothing but fluid inside of alveoli sacs. If full of flow of amniotic fluid, not much oxygen in there. Main source of oxygen from umbilical vein. Since such low oxygen in sacs, causes arterioles to constrict. When have smaller radius on blood vessel, amount of resistance goes up. If happens in millions of arterioles, pulmonary arteries face really high resistance. Increase resistance when oxygen low - hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. If heart wants to pump blood through lungs, pressure needs to be high. Pressure starts going up everywhere. Heart faces choices - can try to find shortcut to bypass lungs.
2 shortcuts to get blood from right side to left side (aorta) bypassing lungs.
Shortcut #1: 2 walls stuck together in middle of lungs - septum primum & septum secundum. Septum Secundum has tiny hole called foramen ovale. Septum primum also has a little hole. If pressure from right atrium pushes into foramen ovale, then septum primum becomes like a flap/valve and falls away. Right atrium blood will flow into left atrium.
Not all blood goes through foramen ovale. Some passes normal way. Into right ventricle (want muscles to get stronger). Pumps into left and right pulmonary arteries.
Shortcut #2: Fetal heart has a little vessel goes from pulmonary artery into aorta - Ductus Arteriosus.
10% of blood goes to lungs. But 90% goes through ductus and formaen ovale.
Mam ... Last point is not clear .could u plz xpln this....
fantastic video! im not a med student (if all goes well i should be a pharmacy student this time next year) but starting watching this randomly and was blown away by how much i had learnt in a short period of time. i haven't been this genuinely intrigued or exited to learn more about subject simply out of interest in such a long time, so thank you very much for you fantastic video and please continue to do what you doing! :)
This is really well done, thank you Khan
I WISHED THIS GUY WAS MY TEACHER DURING MY NURSING SCHOOL YEARS .....U ARE A SPECTACULAR TEACHER!
This is really useful and helps make paediatric cardiology much simpler (I'm using your video as revision) Thank you!
in 2019 i stillll find this soooooooo useful god bless u
You are awesome! I use your lectures to improve my teaching skills and to learn things that either I had forgotten or never really understood. Thanks!
Thank you so much! Your videos have saved me constantly throughout PA school
Jamie Hodes My name is Rishi Desai and I work at Khan Academy. If you're willing to share a bit about your experience as a PA student, please send us your email address so we can reach out to you. Thanks in advance!
Your videos, explanations, drawings are detailed and extremely helpful. Keep up the good work and thank you!
your teaching is just excellent! chapeau!
Excellent presentation and illustration!
what a good video and explanation! I had some questions raised yesterday and now it's all clear! thank you!!
Love love love your explanation, visual and neatness! Gracias!!! : )
EXCELENT! THANKS
Wow amazing simple explanation thank you
Thank you so much. I thought I knew this, but now I fully understand it.
Very personable presentation! Great voice! You are a wonderful teacher!
Outstanding! Thank you so much!!!
your teaching is just like an excellent chapeau!
Amazing explanation.......really helpful
YOU SAVED ME. THANK YOU
Superb explanation. Thank you😍
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very clear, well explained! thank you so much
no word can explain how was I enjoyed it.
Thank u rishi desai mam
Thank you so much ❤❤
genius! the only way I was abe to understand the foramen ovale!
amazing, thank you
That was amazing. Very easy to understand and interesting. Awesome!
This was really helpful :) thank you
Awesome clear explanation
This is a great video-lesson! It's really helping me better understand the fetal circulatory system. Do the septum primum and septum secundum fuse together right after birth?
Ss. It bcms as Foramen ovale
hello I got question in exam. "Explain the fetal circulation and its shunts." Is Foramen ovale right left shunt or left right shunt and is Ductus Arteriosus also right left shunt?
excellent, thank you!
Thank you for great explanation!
Bravo! Amazing work, illustration and didactic way of explaining this topic.
Excellent explanation, very neat , Blessings
Clear concept
Amazing video on fetal circulation!
This video saved my time ..and me
I am a med student and I have my 2nd anatomy oral exam on Fr. Your vid has helped me to understand septum primum and secundum, which were so hard for me to understand. (drawings in my book are cheezy) :) A huge thanks from Germany.
I like your presentation verymuch, I don"t need to read any confussing book more...
Excellent teaching, thank you.
Thanku!!!
Thanks, you might just have saved my embryology test tomorrow :D
This is amazing!!
Best online Med teacher ever!
These videos are AMAZING! So SO helpful. I bet you rock at pictionary.
thank you so much! now I understad it.
Thanks to you I can still attend my final even I jumped the lecture about fetal circulation…..
wow bravo!!
You're a genius! Thank you!
Great!!
YOU’RE AMAZING! THANK YOU 😊
That's really awesome!!!
Great lecture Rishi keep em coming !!
What a fantastic video-thanks a lot :)
Excellent explanation 👌
Thank u so much these videos help me a lot in my studies :) thank you a lot
You're absolutely amazing
I had a stroke in 2008, consequently a PFO closure surgery. I was 39 years old.
That was such a great explanation and drawing! thank you!
Wonderful video! You are an excellent teacher.
Pure excellence
Thanks a lot!! I love the way you teach.
Thanks so much!
Where does the blood from the left atrium go? Does it continue to the LV and then into the aorta?
Amazing! You are a gifted teacher. I finally get it :-)
thanks a lot
great video!!!!!
This was awesome
after blood go right down to aorta through two pathway, where should it go next?
Thank you so much, this helped me a lot to cram for exam this weekend :-)
thank you
excellent
EXCELLENT!
great!
thank you soooo much !!!!!
Nice one!!
thanks a lot it solved my confusions 😁
What is the difference between patent foramen ovale and ASD
amazing!