In my experience proofreading English text from native Germans, I've noticed a lot of confusion about this translation in the other direction -- it seems quite difficult for Germans to develop a proper intuition for when to use "this" and "that". My amateur explanation is that, in nearly all such contrastive usage, the words demarcate proximity; "this" is always 'closer' than "that" in some way, either in space or in time or in some conceptual frame. (Of course there are fine distinctions and exceptions, but this rule of thumb seems to explain my own personal intuition; the fact that you translate "that" as "das da", literally "that (over) there", shows me that's also how it works in German.) Now I have a more direct translation to illustrate the distinction. Thanks!
Thanks for sharing! I agree. One thing I didn‘t mention was that „das“ pulls double duty as gender neutral article for „the.“ I personally find it a complex and confusing topic.
Dieses gehört hierher, und das gehört dorthin. - Это идёт сюда, а то идёт туда. /Éto idyót südá, a to idyót tudá/ (This goes here and that goes there) Because Russian has no definite articles, I can not translate "das" into Russian as an article. But what are these articles? They are shortened demonstrative pronouns, such as this, that, these, those. In Russian they are "этот (m), эта (f), это (n)" /étot, éta, éto/ (this), "эти" /éti/ (these), "тот (m), та (f), то (n)" (that), "те" (those). Too short to shorten, though Portugal has shortened its definite articles to one letter ("o", "a"). But in Russian such words are already occupied by prepositions "о" (about) and "от" (from) and conjunction "а" (and, but, what about - depends on context).
@@dmitryche8905 *Суффигированные* артикли. "-ът", "-та", "-то", "-те". В остальных славянских языках артиклям мешают падежи. Мы легко можем просклонять "тот кот": "того кота", "тому коту", "того кота", "тем котом", "о том коте". Но как склонять "кот-ът"? То ли как существительное, то ли как прилагательное, то ли оба сразу.
In my experience proofreading English text from native Germans, I've noticed a lot of confusion about this translation in the other direction -- it seems quite difficult for Germans to develop a proper intuition for when to use "this" and "that". My amateur explanation is that, in nearly all such contrastive usage, the words demarcate proximity; "this" is always 'closer' than "that" in some way, either in space or in time or in some conceptual frame. (Of course there are fine distinctions and exceptions, but this rule of thumb seems to explain my own personal intuition; the fact that you translate "that" as "das da", literally "that (over) there", shows me that's also how it works in German.)
Now I have a more direct translation to illustrate the distinction. Thanks!
Thanks for sharing! I agree. One thing I didn‘t mention was that „das“ pulls double duty as gender neutral article for „the.“ I personally find it a complex and confusing topic.
Dieses gehört hierher, und das gehört dorthin. - Это идёт сюда, а то идёт туда. /Éto idyót südá, a to idyót tudá/ (This goes here and that goes there)
Because Russian has no definite articles, I can not translate "das" into Russian as an article. But what are these articles? They are shortened demonstrative pronouns, such as this, that, these, those. In Russian they are "этот (m), эта (f), это (n)" /étot, éta, éto/ (this), "эти" /éti/ (these), "тот (m), та (f), то (n)" (that), "те" (those). Too short to shorten, though Portugal has shortened its definite articles to one letter ("o", "a"). But in Russian such words are already occupied by prepositions "о" (about) and "от" (from) and conjunction "а" (and, but, what about - depends on context).
Very interesting! Thanks for the detailed comparison !
@@loquidity4973Artikels das/der/die und Pronomens dieses/dieser/diese sind weitgehend functional synonyms, oder?
В болгарском же есть артикли, в остальных славянских языках есть только dieses/jenes
@@dmitryche8905 *Суффигированные* артикли. "-ът", "-та", "-то", "-те". В остальных славянских языках артиклям мешают падежи. Мы легко можем просклонять "тот кот": "того кота", "тому коту", "того кота", "тем котом", "о том коте". Но как склонять "кот-ът"? То ли как существительное, то ли как прилагательное, то ли оба сразу.
@@ЮраН-ь2к да, они там в виде суффиксов. Единственный аналитический славянский язык.