Europe's biggest medieval battle: 1410AD Historical Battle of Grunwald
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- Опубликовано: 10 июн 2024
- The Battle of Grunwald, Battle of Žalgiris, or First Battle of Tannenberg, was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War. The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila), and Grand Duke Vytautas, decisively defeated the German Teutonic Order, led by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the Teutonic Order's leadership were killed or taken prisoner.
Source - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_...
Game - Total War: Attila
Music - Farya Faraji - Psalm 135
00:00 Introduction
02:27 Polish-Lithuanian army discovered
03:05 Teutonic order fires cannons
03:31 Deployment
04:51 Lithuanians begin the battle
05:20 Combat begins
06:21 Polish left advances
07:52 Lithuanian cavalry withdraw
08:33 Teutonic order attempts a flank
10:29 Ulrich flanks the Polish
11:38 Teutonic troops attack Polish king
12:38 Lithuanian cavalry returns
14:53 Impacts
One thing. It did not rain that day. In fact it was an extremely hot day in July.
Yes!
That's why Polish heavy cavalry was waiting in the shade of trees until the command was given.
Two swords?
Anyone?
Lithuanians learned the retreat-return tactic from Mongols and Tatars. It was almost certainly deliberate.
no the king told them to do it so the tutonics army would be smaler
@@magdabyma6460 Source?
apparently not the same source that told you about learning tactics from mongols
@@piotrjasielski Vytautas had painful lesson in battle of vorskla with this maneuver...
Just as the Mongols fled from the battlefield, so did the army of Grand Duke Vytautas. They returned after 5 hours, when they were promised money and Samogitia, and the Polish heavy cavalry successfully counterattackeda
The numbers 27,000 - Teutonic Order and 39,000 of the Polish-Lithuanian alliance refer to the number of Knights meant as CAVALRY.
On the Prussian side were around 1000+ footmen to operate artillery and a few groups of archers.
There were no infantry units in this battle. Even light cavalry of Lithuanians had multiple heavily armed and armoured knights. It was a hell of constant charges and clashes of mostly heavy cavalry.
It would explain why causalities on both sides were so high.
Chroniclers writing the history of the battle on both sides of the conflict did not know the numbers of those killed. However, they agreed that the fight was a brutal bloodbath.
"The battlefield was black with blood."
I absolutely love how the pontoon bridge is just a regular bridge with boats parked underneath it.😅
It was indeed a pontoon bridge. State of the art in those times.
I liked that the Teutonic Knights had stone cannons that did not explode and you had to hit the knight
Imagine what they would have shown it was a swing bridge!
That bridge was huge.
Five horses abreast.
Great stuff. Concise and informative. I learned about something I did not know about. Look forward to the next one.
Just when you say they crossed the river over a pontoon bridge, the animation shows a regular wooden bridge. A great start!
Apologies, the game had no other available options...
Great video, the graphics and sound are awesome
Alright its pretry accurate but some things like Lithuanian cavarly was composed of mainly light tatar and light lithuanian cavarly. That guy refered as "King" was Polish king wich was Grand Dukes Vytautas cousin. Vytautas copied Tatars tactic from which he has lost before
Nice video but there's inaccurate position on a map for both armies and it wasn't any rain before the battle. Teutonic artillery shot twice without any effect.
And most of all it was typical cavalry battle. Infantry been used by Jagiello for capture Teutonic camp.
Teutonics outnumbered three to two.
That Lithuanian cavalry retreat was a classic Mongolian trick.
No wonder , Mongolians were the cruel teachers for whole Eastern Europe
Crazy to show, grit, determination, teamwork, great leadership by knowing the ability of your man whilst being the underdog shows it can happen!
Poland and Lithuania was not the underdog, the battle was evenly matched and PolLit forces won only because Jagieło (Polish king) watched over the battlefield from a hill while Ulrich was in the battle himself, thus why he did not see the returning Lithuanian cavalry and failed to react.
You didnt mention the tatars that were among the polish lituanian. That day of the battle, it was present a prince of the blood, (altin ordu ) and at least 4,000 warriors of his troops. And i have read in diferent sourses that they started the battle at mid day.
Fr they played the main role
my friend was a descendant of Tartars. he was proud that his ancestor fought on the side of Poland.who among us can say like him.
Historically, there were no trebuchets in this battle only a few cannons that did nothing
At first I wasn't going to give this video a chance, however I am glad I stayed and watched it. It's a great video. Well done. 👍
Good use of Attila to present your video too.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Jagiełło married THE KING of Poland, Jadwiga. It's subtle, but so important. She was crowned the KING, not the queeen - the wife of a king. She was the descendant of the rulling Piast dynasty that started the country of Poland, so they wanted to secure that she has equal rights.
Let's honor the history - if you listen, there's really a lot fun things to take in.
and by law she was entitled to the crown by birth.
Santa Jadwiga of Poland
It sounds odd at first, but formally it was a simple matter: law said only kings could rule, but law did not specify that only a man can be a king
I kill that bitch first every time in Civilization just because she calls herself 'King' in an arrogant way when you first encounter her. Immediate aggression every time.
It's terrible... wild customs.
Very comfortable editing, thank you for sharing.
Thank you very much!
Fantastic video of this battle..Learnt so much.!..Would you consider tackling the first siege of Malta.Knights of St.John Vs The Army of the Turkish Sultan..Thank you and all the best
Thanks glad you enjoyed it ! Yes I will definitely look into these
The phrase "stone cannon" means a cannon made pf metal firing stone cannon balls.
Great video ; never even heard of this battle before . Hindsight is 20/20 but seems that the cavalry returning was a plan . When a unit was routed it would be nearly impossible to gather them together and fight again.
Po tej bitwie Niemcy przestali się liczyć i do połowy XVII wieku byli pod polskim buciorem. Nie było agresji i morderstw ze strony tego narodu morderców i złodziei. Niestety Polska osłabła a Prusy przestały być lennem i zjednoczyły całe Niemcy.
Yes it was a plan
I read that such a maneuver was used by the Poles in the battle with the Germans in the 10th century near Cedynia. A feigned escape from the battlefield, when the Germans scattered the ranks in pursuit, the hidden cavalry struck. The terrible defeat of the Germans killed many German counts.
It was a fairly frequently used tactic by nomads (Huns, Avars, Hungarians, Tatars , Mongols... whatever they called themselves ) and both Lithuanians and Poles had experience with it - so i guess that was the plan...
If the rout itself was deliberate, it would have been a very dangerous plan, because by the time the Lithuanian flank regrouped and came back, the entire line Polish-Russian line could have collapsed. I think it was an unplanned rout, but the return to the front lines after the rout was a known tactic and timely executed.
Jagielo married King of Poland. Jadwiga was a King.
The Teutonic Knights almost had victory in their grasp, but then the Liuthanians returned and decided it was not going to be the case. Still the Poles gave it their all and proved their own well established gallantry. Quite a reversal battle.
These "Lithuanians" should be identified with today's Russians and Belorussians rather than with today's Lithuanians. The name of the country was The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Russia and the name Lithuania preceded Russia only because ruling dynasty came from Lithuania. The official language was old-Russian, the law was based on the laws of the of Rurikids' Rus and the vast majority of the people were the Orthodox Rus people not pagan Lithuanians. Because untill the end of the XVI century Rurikids' were still in power in Moscow they naturally wanted to reclaim their former lands and that was the reason for the wars with the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania - both ruled by the same Jagiellon ( spelling is Yagiellon! ) dynasty.
No, they didnt. Polish troops would defeat teutons by them self. What you got here presented is a myth. Polish-teutons engage was slother from the start. Teutons didnt had a chance. Polish troops were greater in number and what may shock you, better equiped. Giant teutonic knights in full metal armour riding in thousnds is modern fantasy. Bolk of teutinic order force ware common lanowners, rather poor and infuenced by light cav culture from east. Great master didnt moved his reserves couse he wanted to elminate polish king. He did it couse two lines he sended before into the frey were already shattered. He moved his third line and never maneged to outflank polish troops with it. Polish side as it is in sources ride into this third line front on. Poland heve never ran out of fresh reserves in this battle. As a matter of fact during whole battle more and more new polish units were arriving. Battle depiction here has almost nothing incommon with history.
it was a fake retreat
Великое Княжество Литовское это прямой предок Беларуси, а не Росии, ведь в тот момент параллельно существовало московское княжество.
@@rafaa4988
The description and evaluation of the battle of Tannenberg or Grunwald in 1410 are not made objectively. They depend on national interests. Polish and German historiography is not identical. Lithuanian historiography also differs from Polish historiography, although Poland and Lithuania were allies at the time. The Polish nationalists misused the battle to heroize Poland and stir up anti-German resentment.
A few facts: The Polish-Lithuanian-Tatar army clearly outnumbered the army of the Teutonic Order. The actual knights of the order formed a tiny minority in the army of the Teutonic Order with around 400 knights. The rest consisted of the Prussian estates and mercenaries. Forced marches to the battlefield in the summer heat, a poor starting position in relation to the enemy army, and misjudgements and tactical mistakes on the part of the leadership ultimately led to the defeat of the Teutonic Knights.
The border guard stopped in the east
ruclips.net/video/NlqyBIQ-Cac/видео.html
Used to be called the Battle of Tannensburg in English books.
The day was sunny and hot 😂
Literally, Teutonic knights didnt even walk close to the Polish King ;-;
Nicely done animation, however, I (humbly) think there are some serious errors: (1) Although both sides had cannons, they were not used in the Battle of Grunwald, and (2) it was a middle of July, it wasn't raining, according to all the historical texts, (at least what I red (and watched)), there was sunny, beautiful day, if anything, probably too hot to wear that heavy armor... There also is Polish movie - KRZYŻACY - which ends with this victory over Teutonic Order. The Great Master of TO was killed in this battle, but the rest of (German) army retreated to MALBORK - the biggest castle in Europe. Polish King - Władysław Jagiełło - did not pursue them. Now Malbork Castle is in Poland.
Thank you, yes I do agree there are several historical inaccuracies in this video and I do apologise, I have learned from this and will put more work into my research in the future
I remember that it wasn't raining that day
Graphics & animation ❤❤❤❤➕, content ❤❤❤❤❤. A detail about the animation: 5:24-5:28 Why didn't the Teutonic cavalary lower their lances to meet the charging enemy?
prawda ze w 15 minut krzyżacy zostali odrzuceni 800metrow biorąc pod uwagę ze to ciężko zbrojni to była egzekucja . bitwa trwała 4 godziny.. Polskie rycerstwo było lepiej uzbrojone i liczniejsze od sił krzyżackich a do tego jeszcze Litwa :)
no i 2 Leopardy w odwodzie :D
Cool vid. What is the name of the song at the start?
Thanks, Psalm 135 - Epic Byzantine Music
I’m going Crazy on this Back again Known Is Love and My Life
Total phantasy -check dude the true facts about this fights with all points of changes.......but graphic are super
Vytautas of LT learned the retreat maneuver tactic when both he alongside the Tuetons fought the Golden Horde in 1399 and lost. Another reason the tactic worked is that Lithuania did not include the Lowland forces fast cavalry at the battle. There is an incorrect myth that no Lowland soldiers fought directly on the main battlefield in 1410. Some were there but rode under Highland private family army flags with the Gediminas columns. The Vytis/Knight flags were State forces.
Schönes geschichtliches Video!! Leider verstehe ich zu wenig Englisch!!! Vielleicht mit deutschen Untertitel!!?? Gruß aus dem Ruhrgebiet/Deutschland ❤❤❤
Teutonic order, Knights hospitallers and the Maltese knight is all reminiscents of the lost connections between the various viking tradecenters/powercenter that now was ruled by a "decentralised" king who follow christianity. - They even started to fight over who was right in their way of worship.
Instead of having a free flow of commerce and ideas, we now had individuals who decided right and wrong, and people used colours to prove liegence to these rulers.
Its crazy to see the direct transition from the viking age to the crusades to where we are today
It's also interesting to see how much the Western academia likes to distort and demonize Western history, leading to these groups being completely distorted in pop culture to the point of cartoon-level stuff.
I'm wondering what this game is that you're using? I was thinking maybe a mod for Medieval total war ... stainless steel perhaps? - But then i saw horses running around without riders and i though 'mount and Blade'. Yeah i'm guessing it's a mod for mount and blade.
This is the medieval kingdoms mod 1212AD for Total War Attila
Love the music... anyone know the name of the song 😊
Psalm 135 by Farya Farji
Why does it rain during battle? After all, in historical chronicles it is written that it was a sunny day.
Is there any way to fix this? 😄
where are the trebuchets from? where are the guns? there was already artillery there
This video is inaccurate beyond belief. 1) you show almost every Teutonic Order combatant in a armour wearing a black teutonic cross. There were only 570 Teutonic Knights in entire Europe. 300 of them in Prussia. Rest was mercenaries, guests and squires. None of them wearing a cross. 2) There were almost twice as much combatants on the Polish-Lithuanian side however not as many mercenaries as you would expect. 3) Guns were useless back then.
What’s the song you used in the beginning?
ruclips.net/video/xVvGkcScfs0/видео.html&ab_channel=FaryaFaraji
Thank you!
Please made video battle of crecy
One of the firt battle that a i see similarity with Anibal Master Piece Cannae. The Cavalry arrive, restore force and came back..
Can you made battle of Warna?
I will certainly look into this 👍
Duke of Lithuania didnt marry the queen of Poland but he married the king of Poland. Jadwiga/Hedwig was a woman but her title was "king of Poland" not queen.
As a Lithuanian in my heart i know that we Lithuanians,Polish, Russians, Belarussians, Ukrainians are all brothers . PEACE
The king's name was Jagiello (Jagiełło), not Jagiellon. Jagiellon is a descendant of this king, because the final -on is an ending characteristic, if not for Slavic languages, then at least for the Old Polish language, indicating descent from this king. Similarly to the descendant of King Charles Martel, he is called a Carolingian, where -ingian is an appropriate Germanic ending with a function similar to the above-mentioned -on.
king's name was Jogaila
seems they didn't bother to look up the pronunciations, only the battle stats
Retreat debated by who? It was typical, tactical military move used before that battle and for few hundred years after!
No mention of Tatars?
Well done!
What country were the Tutonic guys from?
Never heard of them.
Thanks!
Thanks😊they were originally a catholic group from the kingdom of Jerusalem
Wait, what??!!! How DARE they have gunpowder in the middle ages???!!!!!!! That goes against the rules of Hollywood!
There was no infantry in the Grunwald battle. Only cavalery. Some relatevely small number of infantry and servants were kept in camps. A few cannons were used by teutonics. they shoot twice and made no damage to alliance troops. So called 'white coats with black cross' - teutonic order members - only 250 of them were in the battle and only 14 of them survived. Others, ca.15000 troops, were dependent knights, landlords and their squads as well as mercenaries and guests with their squads. They were organised in divisions called "flag". The flag was the banner of the division. it was kept by ensigned man in the middle of group and was giving visual orders to fighting men like: attac, detach regrup, retreat or escape. Rolling and puting down the banner was an order to surrander.
As graphicak presentation the movie is great.
As historical presentation the movie is crap.
What is the song in the opening?
Psalm 135 - Epic Byzantine Music by Farya Faraji
An old Polish movie in which this battle is shown ruclips.net/video/YBs4a4Io49I/видео.html
Hardly the biggest but a nice video nontheless :)
Teutonic army deployed no infantry units in this battle, and use of bombards was experimental. Teutonic knight and theier servants constitued a minority of combatants, and the rest were theier secular vassals with some western crusaders. Polish-Lithuanian army also used cavalery units and Lithuanian cavalery was lighter then men-at-arms fighting in polish and teutonic units.
Hey I have a question. I recently reinstalled this game and when I load it with the 1212 ad mod pack all the models are fucked up. Missing textures, missing models. The Teutonic order for some reason looks Ike the kongols now. What the fuck. Can anyone help me?
No idea sorry, all I can recommend is to delete all your game files manually and then reinstall
Nice video but you're wrong, this was not Europe's biggest medieval battle - just check out the battle of Vaslui 1475
1453 when medieval times ended, conquest of Constantinople, so 1475 is not medieval anymore
@@danieldpa8484 Of course , you're right . 100 points plus for knowledge .
That's not a Paton bridge, no supporting boats.
what is this game called?
Total war: Attila
What is the chant in the background
Which part of the video?
@@cinematicbattles559the Song in the Intro 😉
This date (1410) belongs to 3 best known among my countrymen
Jadwiga wasnt a queen, she was a king ;)
What defeated the Germans was their excessive conceit. And it works for everybody and everywhere. That's psychology, brother.
There were no "Germans" back then.
A lot of horses were slaughtered 😢😢 so sad
Great work, but this was hardly " Europe's biggest medieval battle" as your title suggests.
and what was
@@krempixxx Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa 16th July1212.
50,000 Christian army against 200,000 man Islamic army led by Muhammad al-Nasir. 100,000 battlefield casualties.
@@DavidMayOnline and that was in europe ? because i dont remember muhamads running here in europe at medieval ages
03:06 Do what????? I have trained on (and trained people on) some of the biggest replica cannon in the UK and I have NEVER seen one recoil FORWARD into the blast!!!! Magic, maybe?
😂I know I laughed too when I first saw that
Unfortunately, this battle was not filmed, our reporter with the TV crew did not arrive on time.just bad animation. but can everything be true? The news of the battle has become a legend in many taverns and parties. haha
The pronunciation of the name Jagiełło is really frustrating, please read it in Polish and not your English.
game?
Total war Attila with the 1212Ad mod
Jagiellon is pronounced Yagyellon; Jungingen is pronounced Yungingen.
This apparently was a computer voice. It pronounced Polish like shoe polish. I heard a few things mispronounced.
@@wfqsfg I do not know if that is the case, but I certainly prefer a human to a machine, no matter how good the program may be (AI, non AI, or whatever).
Actually it's Jogaila
@@youtubedoesntcareaboutfals4098 Where?
Song +9000
1410- it's a recipe for a hooch/monshine/homebrew. It's that: 1 kilogram of sugar, 4 litters of water and 10 decagram of yeast. Offcourse its just a mash, ypu need to distil it then
Jadwiga (Hedwig) of Anjou was the crowned king of Poland, not the queen. and for God's sake, there is no /ʤeɪ/ in the name of the Jagiellonian dynasty
Wat battle is this
The Battle of Grunwald
@@cinematicbattles559 this is a nice channel keep it up
For the love of God 🙄 🤦♂️, if you're going to cover Central European names, in this case, German and Polish proper names, PLEASE pronounce the names correctly, the names here are being butchered by the narrator 🙄🤦♂️.
I recommend going back, starting over, learning how to correctly pronounce the names and re-upload the presentation.
The narration was generated with AI apologies for the pronunciation issues
The Lithuanian calvary did a rope a dope.
I love that you used modded Attila TW to show the battle, but almost everything about it is wrong. Lithuanian LIGHT cavalry was send first to taunt heavy Teutonic cavalry, so they fell into their own trap - ground pits. Then they made a fake retreat. Polish and Teutonic heavy cavalry charged into each other and then Lithuanian army came back to surround and win the battle. It was a devastating victory for the Commonwealth.
It would be very hard for the Commonwealth to win this battle without these tactics, Teutons were like medieval tanks.
Thanks for your comment, I am aware there are several inaccuracies in this video and hopefully I can learn from this and increase my research for the next one 👍
In German history it's a battle of Tannenberg
The First Battle of Tannenberg, On August 30, 1914, the second Battle of Tannenberg took place. This time the Germans triumphed and, following a Cannae-type plan, surrounded and destroyed the more numerous Russian army.
Polish-lithuania forces doessn't have infantry
Very good pal but do make an attempt to pronounce the names correctly. It’s simply cringing
My apologies, the narration was generated with AI and I have since changed it
Pray for our Grand Master and all the regional commanders, who govern our lands and people; and for all the brothers who exercise office in our Order, that they act in their office of the Order in such a way as not to depart from God. - Teutonic Knights by William L. Urban
wildly inaccurate, the bombards have been useless during the battle baceuse of low accuracy and being placed directly on the ground, not on wheels like in the video
Ten film jest niezgodny z prawdą historyczną. To wstyd, że jedno z największych zwycięstw w 1000-letniej historii oręża polskiego zostało przedstawione w tak karykaturalny sposób.
Great video. However The allies hopelessly outnumbered the teutonics, not just my a few thousand but at least 5-1 and GM Ulrich charched at the Polish King and the King didn't even fight him he was protected by his bodyguard and suddenly Ulrich was surrounded and killed. And the teutonic knights Charge at the lithuanian, tartars etc at the beginning simply blasted them and chased them and returned back with spoils after 2 hours. some lithuanians even went home, it was no pretence of retreat. Then they later regrouped and retuned to the field.
10 days later at the siege of Marienburg the heavily outnumbered and outgunned Teutonics led by the future Hochmeister Heinrich von Plauen killed more of the allies than at Grunwald and emerged victorious , they took back most of the castles/fortressed taken by the allies aswell and against the advice by fellow knights commander Heinrich von Plauen wanted to keep chasing them off. The supposedly Catholic Christian polish king before grunwald sought help and troops from scismatics , pagans and muslims to swell his ranks. what sort of catholic Christian would do that to fight against fellow catholic christians?
there clearly could have been a better way to handle this dispute.
There is no doubt that the withdrawal of the Russians was done on purpose which was the implementation of the tactics they learned while fighting the Mongols.
There is.
No it wasn't any part of plan. Lithuanian cavalry can't match on open field to Teutonic cavalry. This is why they been nearly destroyed and why the runaway.
Lucky for Lithuanian Teutonic forces chase them into the swamps and forest where they been eliminated.
Nie było tam Rosjan tylko chorągwie Smoleńskie. Nie było wtedy żadnej Rosji. Moskwa była lennem Mongołów dlatego Rosjanie do dzisiaj są Azjatami.
@@Katylina77 Ciekawe gdyż po bitwie na Kulikowym Polu w 1380 roku Moskwa zrzuciła mongolskie jarzmo.
No ale widać inną historię dziś uczą w szkołach 😅🤦♂️
Po drugie angielskie tłumaczenie nie rozróżnia Rosjan od Rusinów, którzy stanowili zdecydowaną większość wojów w armii litewskiej.
@@herewegoagain1140 zrzucić zrzucili temu nie zaprzeczam. Tylko że wam się nie wiem czemu wydaje że Słowianin równa się Rosjanin. Wy okradliście Kijów z nazwy Ruś. Wy jesteście Nowogród albo Moskwa. Ruś była w Kijowie. Wy jesteście grupą plemion słowiańskich. I oby po przegranej wojnie tak się stało że rozpadniecie się na kilka krajów co na dobre wam wyjdzie. Weźmiecie się do roboty bo bez ropy i gazu zostaniecie do tego zmuszeni i może po kilkudziesięciu latach staniecie się w miarę demokratycznym społeczeństwem gdzie będzie się liczył człowiek.
Great video, but you've butchered every name possible 😅
I'm really sick and tired of these AI voices narrating videos. Can't even pronounce "Polish" correctly (FYI, it's NOT like "polishing" a shoe). FFS, can anyone be bothered to at least proofread these things?
I only wonder why they all shout in English. 😜🤣
AI-narrated? 😅
It's so terrible it is unbearable to listen. You have to mute it and just read the subititles.
Yes as I don’t want my real voice to be on the internet for privacy reasons ☺️
Good God man, learn how to pronounce words like 'lead' as in the metal.
My apologies the narration was generated with Ai
I understand that pronunciation can be challenging, but such a brutal butchery of King Jagiellos name is just atrocious. Zero professionalism. I lost all interest.
My apologies, the narration was generated using AI
Great video but can't stand the AI narrator, instant put off.
Thanks, I know I’ve had loads of complaints about the AI will probably change it for future videos
Lad ! Was no rain that day !
Different story ..
Different then my history book and movie ..
Im Polish!!!
And I dont like your story lad , just because u talking shit mate,no offence.
You are right - None taken 😊
Americans and pronounciation of non-trivial names.. sigh.
Your incredibly bad mis-pronunciation of many words in your reading, make this a painful viewing experience
There was no rain during the battle. The weather was sunny and hot and sky was clear. Also the battle was mostly cavalry battle, infantry playing very minor to almost non-existent role, same with very inaccurate bombards.
These "Lithuanians"should be identified with today's Russians and Belorussians rather not with today's Lithuanians. The name of the country was The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Russia and the name Lithuania preceded Russia only because the ruling dynasty came from Lithuania. The official language was old-Russian, the law was based on the laws of the Rurikids'Rus and vast majority of the people were Orthodox Rus people and not mostly pagan at that time Lithuanians. Because untill the end of the XVI century Rurikids were still in power in Moscow they were trying to regain control over their former lands which led to the wars between Grand Duchy of Moscow on one side and Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania on the other - both ruled by the Jagiellon ( spelling is Yagiellon! ) dynasty.
Too soon? Still?
'Russia' is a rather large geographic area. The lithuanians in this context are a European power and have nothing to do with the large amount of peoples to the east of the Urals (well, besides being enemies/subjects of the Mongols...)
This remark is typical pro-russian disinformation. When the Polish-Lithuanian confederation was in place, Moscow was a back waters.
Nie było wtedy żadnej Rosji. Rosja jakbyś nie wiedział była na terenie dzisiejszej Ukrainy ze stolica w Kijowie ale zostali zniszczeni przez Mongołów. Mongołowie podbili dzicz spod Moskwy która była ich lennem. Moskwa przejęła potem nazwę Rosja. Do dzisiaj jest to kraj azjatycki. Kraj morderców, gwałciciele i złodziei. Na zachodzie wiedza o Rosji jest zakłócona przez Dostojewskiego od czasu XIX wieku kraj ten nie miał znaczącego udziału w kulturze, a to przez ta kulturę wielu myli tych Azjatów z Moskwy i traktuje jako Europejczyków.
Ukrainian bot spotted,
Different sources give different numbers of troops, but about 100,000 took part in the battle. people and it was the largest battle of the Middle Ages. Europe
ruclips.net/video/pIlsuU5_jfM/видео.html
Yes. The Mezalanacholis papyrus from the 6th century BC mentions Lakhs from the north who invaded the Nile delta
your voice to soft - your narration to poor.
otherwise nice work.
Uncover frequency uncover unlimited power .. but it can be used for evil