Dark Pink = Vector (Plasmid) Bright Pink = Foreign DNA fragment (attaches to the vector which is the plasmid) Blue = Endonuclease (cuts DNA at specific sequences) Green = DNA ligase (binds sticky ends back together which makes DNA stable again)
If only we'd had Drew Spielberg's medical animations when I was at school, swear to god, I'd have been more keen to learn science stuff but they never even had computers in those days.
I was surprised to see that there was a Vinny Vinesauce meme made out of this. To me that means that either Vinny, part of his fanbase, or both, were into WEHI molecular biology animations, and that makes me proud to be part of them.
A restriction endonuclease (Blue blob) cleaves the recognition site in which a palindromic sequence on the top and bottom strand exists. Ie: ATT - TTA. The extra piece of DNA (also cleaved elsewhere) is attracted to the cleaved end because it's sequence is complementary to endonuclease cleavage. Ligase (green blob) bonds the strands together and successfully completes transformation.
I have no idea. I believe blunt ends can still be used simply because one end is a 5'po4, and the other end is a 3'oh so the ligase will bind those togather.. but I can't be certain. You should email a molecular biology prof.
Here is my Commentary it is a dna molecule. at 13th second, the blue coloured being is known as a restriction enzyme. these are enzymes that find a specific site on teh dna molecule and cut it. It makes staggered ends.cutting process requires a Mg molecule and it produces 5' PO4 end and a 3'OH end. this end is recognized by a Ligase. this is an enzyme that can join the two ends togather. two of them are needed for two strands and thus we have successfully placed a dna fragment into a plasmid.
because when you got your little piece of dna that you are trying to add to a plasmid piece of dna, if you cut both pieces using sticky ends, then you can use just put them togahter in a mixture and they would automatically bind togather, but its much harder to join blunt ends togather because they have no need to join togather. when you use sticky ends, the two pieces wanna get togahter becuase they are complementry with each other = hydrogen bonds = more stable. blunt ends have no need
so the overhangs just fly right into eachother seconds after cleavage? i think this video fails to explain the chaotic nature of brownian motion, but is helpful none the less
You can't see atoms with the naked eye (because they're smaller than the wavelengths of visible light). So we're pretty much stuck with CG animations and still images of the actual thing (which are taken by electron microscopes or X-ray crystallography, both of which degrade molecules (it's like recording a person while hurting/killing them in the process)).
The endonuclease will always cut *at a certain sequence of DNA;* there's nothing guiding it to cut certain sections, it works sort of mechanically. But most endonucleases cut random parts/sections IIRC.
Its been a year so Im not expecting a reply but do you guys have a theory on how all these individual components zero in on where they need to go without any propulsion or guidance system?
I believe that is a result of brownian motion - you're hoping there is enough material in there to randomly bump into each other. In reality there would be multiple enzymes in the fluid floating around.
@@Chaos------ The reality is: molecules don't _zero in on where they need to go,_ and because they're tiny, they behave differently from classic/macro physics, so they aren't moved by propulsion ('cause they are what makes propulsion possible, too). The movements of atoms/molecules are affected by heat, electric charge and the fact that their electron clouds keep them as separate as possible (opposites attract; likes repel, simple as).
the pink one is the vector? cleaved by the blue one, which is the restriction enzyme? the green one, which binds the new DNA fragment to the vector is called?? :) thanks, nice animation still.
I've learned that those Restr.-enzymes are necessary for Southern Blot Analysis... now I know how those enzymes work... but I still don't get the use for Soutern Blot Analysis.. So please help (:
Dark Pink = Vector (Plasmid)
Bright Pink = Foreign DNA fragment (attaches to the vector which is the plasmid)
Blue = Endonuclease (cuts DNA at specific sequences)
Green = DNA ligase (binds sticky ends back together which makes DNA stable again)
deirhese66 y
thanks. To ad that the specific sequence for EcoR1 is G^AATTC/CTTAA^G
Thank u so much
thanks
Understood!! Thank u sm
Horror movie sound track
why is it so unnerving yet informative 😅
If only we'd had Drew Spielberg's medical animations when I was at school, swear to god, I'd have been more keen to learn science stuff but they never even had computers in those days.
The enzyme likes to *SPEEEEEEEEEEEEEN!*
I'd rather play slender in middle of forest in moonless night than watch this before sleep
Wow, that was really helpful. Thanks.
SPIIIIIN
the binyot Endonuclease works tirelessly to separate the beginning of the Bin from the end of the yot
My friend was right, this is scary...
This is the greatest and cutest enzyme of them all!
wut ? how r they so animated and cute
I was surprised to see that there was a Vinny Vinesauce meme made out of this. To me that means that either Vinny, part of his fanbase, or both, were into WEHI molecular biology animations, and that makes me proud to be part of them.
SPEEN
I clicked on this to learn, not to shit my pants. Holy shit.
OMG excellent animation.. thank you very much
This is super scary ... and it kind of grossed me out for some reason...
the enzymes are really cute!:)
A restriction endonuclease (Blue blob) cleaves the recognition site in which a palindromic sequence on the top and bottom strand exists. Ie: ATT - TTA. The extra piece of DNA (also cleaved elsewhere) is attracted to the cleaved end because it's sequence is complementary to endonuclease cleavage. Ligase (green blob) bonds the strands together and successfully completes transformation.
Isn't that supposed to be ATT - *TAA* ?
Who could such beautiful, marvelous creation of God be attributed to coincidence
I have no idea. I believe blunt ends can still be used simply because one end is a 5'po4, and the other end is a 3'oh so the ligase will bind those togather..
but I can't be certain. You should email a molecular biology prof.
the geen one is called DNA ligase, which joins the DNA strands.
Yes it is
*_s p e e n_*
that was extremely helpful
this animation creeps me out
Nice to see
Very illustrative. Thanks!
Here is my Commentary
it is a dna molecule.
at 13th second, the blue coloured being is known as a restriction enzyme. these are enzymes that find a specific site on teh dna molecule and cut it. It makes staggered ends.cutting process requires a Mg molecule and it produces 5' PO4 end and a 3'OH end.
this end is recognized by a Ligase. this is an enzyme that can join the two ends togather. two of them are needed for two strands and thus we have successfully placed a dna fragment into a plasmid.
yup, both terms are correct for that piece of dna at the end, in my opinion
because when you got your little piece of dna that you are trying to add to a plasmid piece of dna, if you cut both pieces using sticky ends, then you can use just put them togahter in a mixture and they would automatically bind togather, but its much harder to join blunt ends togather because they have no need to join togather.
when you use sticky ends, the two pieces wanna get togahter becuase they are complementry with each other = hydrogen bonds = more stable.
blunt ends have no need
Cool animation!
0:18 Insert "You Spin Me Round"
so the overhangs just fly right into eachother seconds after cleavage? i think this video fails to explain the chaotic nature of brownian motion, but is helpful none the less
Is there an actual footage of dna, etc? Or are we limited to CG animations only?
You can't see atoms with the naked eye (because they're smaller than the wavelengths of visible light). So we're pretty much stuck with CG animations and still images of the actual thing (which are taken by electron microscopes or X-ray crystallography, both of which degrade molecules (it's like recording a person while hurting/killing them in the process)).
my question is how do they make the Endonuclease and how do they control it and make it cut a specific part of the dna
The endonuclease will always cut *at a certain sequence of DNA;* there's nothing guiding it to cut certain sections, it works sort of mechanically. But most endonucleases cut random parts/sections IIRC.
it is a super fast rollercoaster of death.
Why did it attach the foreign DNA to the vector? I thought restriction enzymes cleaved foreign DNA to protect the plasmid/ vector
interesting ...! thanks!
Its been a year so Im not expecting a reply but do you guys have a theory on how all these individual components zero in on where they need to go without any propulsion or guidance system?
I believe that is a result of brownian motion - you're hoping there is enough material in there to randomly bump into each other. In reality there would be multiple enzymes in the fluid floating around.
@@Chaos------
The reality is: molecules don't _zero in on where they need to go,_ and because they're tiny, they behave differently from classic/macro physics, so they aren't moved by propulsion ('cause they are what makes propulsion possible, too). The movements of atoms/molecules are affected by heat, electric charge and the fact that their electron clouds keep them as separate as possible (opposites attract; likes repel, simple as).
@@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk no its not "simple as" stop being ignorant.
that was terrifying
the pink one is the vector? cleaved by the blue one, which is the restriction enzyme? the green one, which binds the new DNA fragment to the vector is called??
:) thanks, nice animation still.
kind of like art
The enzyme is soo cute 😍😍
this is like a horror movie..here the sound...creepy
This kinda scared me!
If I could get a copy of this I'd love to add commentary.
You can ask for it if you still need it.
I've learned that those Restr.-enzymes are necessary for Southern Blot Analysis... now I know how those enzymes work... but I still don't get the use for Soutern Blot Analysis.. So please help (:
@dbeecher thanx
i cried
thanks ❤
can anyone explain me what does this have to do with detecting mutations? coz we learned that this method is used for detecting mutations...
😎 🆒️ 😎
thank you!
@wendijoyce
dna ligase=green one.
yup, the rest youre right (:
What software was used to make this?Was it VMD?
Wow thats crazy.
cutieeeee enzyme
wow
good....I do not think the video needs a narration track....
*hear*
مخيف 😨😨😨😂😂
Bloody splicers.
I came here after watching Dead Space 2 videos. There's not an awful lot of differences that I can see.
LOL ky03!!
that was scary
smh!
that sounded like a horror rape movie but good video
A bit of commentary would be nice...
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