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How to do word studies properly (and not commit an exegetical fallacy)
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- Опубликовано: 5 сен 2024
- Word studies are often not done well, and result in exegetical fallacies. I previously explained some of the dangers of word studies ( • Bible Study: How Greek... ) so feel free to check that out before this one.
In this video, I explain how to do a word study if you don't know Greek and if you do know Greek and so that you don't commit one of the 16 fallacies.
Along the way, I mention a number of resources:
Exegetical Fallacies (D. A. Carson)
Logos: mntg.me/exegeti...
Amazon: amzn.to/3hrX0br
The New International Dictionary of NT Theology and Exegesis (NIDNTTE)
Logos: mntg.me/nidntte
Amazon: amzn.to/3ScaWvd
BDAG (A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed.)
Logos: mntg.me/bdag
Amazon: amzn.to/3WtIN5s
ISBE (1977ff)
Logos: bma.to/isbe
Included in Logos Silver Collection
Lexham Bible Dictionary
bma.to/lbd
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Thank you for your interesting video and sources. I only speak English, but I know enough about the Hebrew and Greek alphabets to follow along. I perform word-studies by collecting each instance of a word's use in the Bible. After formatting the basic text to my needs, I divide the verses by speaker (who is communicating), subject (who is being communicated to), how the words are parsed, and their chronology. This enables me to see "who" is communicating "what" to "whom," how the word was used, and when it was used, which gives me a rough understanding of its etymology and chronological development. I must rely entirely on the published sources of others to explain meanings, but the technique is usable in English (my native language) and the Hebrew and Greek. Very often there are enough differences in how a word is used to create tables that enable one to discover differences in how it is used depending on who is communicating, etc. I am sure these differences would be obvious to a speaker, but they are enlightening to me nonetheless. Another study I do is a "phrase study" in which I examine how a particular phrase, or arrangement of words, is used, similar to a word study. This, too, is fruitful and often yields surprising results. I primarily use the KJV, but I think a comparison of words and phrases in the LXX would be fruitful, too. I have also enjoyed one entirely different study which is to compare the English versions leading up to the KJV. It's interesting to see for any given verse the various word choices made. I am no scholar in any of this, I simply enjoy what the Bible reveals whenever I open it.
i bought BDAG and Moises Silvas 5 volumes. BDAG is a nice edition, but Silva's work has helped fundamentally change how I read my Bible. Thank you for your recommendations.
Thanks for sharing! I agree, they are invaluable!
Darryl, thank you for your thoughts on word studies.
You're welcome!
📺 ~ finally had time to watch until the final end
I’ve found “phrase” studies much more useful, seeing how the word in question is used throughout every verse in the Bible. Like the word repent, for example, means “to change one’s mind,” but in practice it can function to mean turning from sin and even returning to a previous state (like in Revelation, when the church was asked to repent and return to their first love).
A changed mind produces changed behaviors. Repentance is the cause. Reform is the effect and evidence. From the human perspective, repentance and reform are inseparable, but from heaven’s perspective, “sola fide.”
This is part of what I'm dicussing in this video. Good work.
NIDNTTE has been my favourite resource for years! I use that and BDAG as my primary Greek word references. Great video! On a side note, doesn't John use 'karpos' in John 15 symbolically as Paul does?
Oops. I just the comment below on John 15. No need to respond to that comment.
Darryl, any updates on your Greek Textbook you are writing? I am so looking forward to it.
Yes! My next video will be an update!
Thankful for you Darryl! Very helpful and no doubt a blessing to the εκκλησία (called out ones :)
What does someone have to do to be saved?
Once someone is saved, can they lose their salvation or walk away from it?
If a saved person continues in unrepentant sin, are they still saved?
Danny, I'm Danny and I would like to know why the clear monogenes in the popular John 3:16 has been rendered in most modern translations as 'unique' and 'one and only' if learned men can do the word study with honor?
📺 Great video, I plan to come back and take my time with this... thank you for posting such helpful content all the time
Darryl, could you share what resources you have in your greek morph collection?
In a nutshell it inclues the Greek works of Homer, Plato, Aristotle and one or two others that I have. Then the Septuagint, Greek New Testament, and the Apostolic Fathers texts from Lake, Holmes, and Lightfoot.
Something I've been wondering about is the fact that Paul was originally a Pharisee and thus used many Hebraisms as well. I understand also that Paul spoke colloquial Greek as well as having a scribe with him. So how does one get through this maze? Paul remember wrote most of the New Testament.
Thanks Darryl!
You're welcome!
😊how do you do a tv emoji hehe
Thank you Darryl!
You're welcome! Thanks for watching!
Logos is not available for Linux or BSD. What Bible software do you recommend for Linux or BSD?
You can run Logos in an emulator on Linux/BSD. However, outside of that, take a look on the Logos forum for threads on Linux like this one: community.logos.com/forums/t/121.aspx
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I've often wondered what the relatives of Ananias and Saphira did after these people were killed. Did they call the police? How did they find out? How did Peter process these two killings. He doesn't seem much bothered by it.
Good questions!
I agree, word study must be done carefully ... but I disagree: relying uncritically on "authorities" just reinforces mistakes they may have been making in a long line of "authorities" all footnoting their predecessors, consciously or unconsciously, repeating the mistakes/biases/prejudices/agendas; and etymology is not fallacy. Ekklesia is the perfect example. The word ekklesia does not simply mean the same thing as "sun-agogue", which properly speaking denotes a "con-gregation", a gathering together, and therefore what we might call a "community"; but it also does not mean a sect that has "left the world", either. In Greek usgae at the time of the NT, it referred to those full citizens (or in many cases "elders" of a city) who have been "called out" to assemble for a specific civic purpose: hence, "assembly" is the word most often and (perhaps) most appropriately used to translate ekklesia into English. The question is why: why was that the preferred word to the far more (seemingly) appropriate "sunagogue"? Was it an anti-Jewish conceit? Maybe; but I doubt it. I think there is a far better possibility., more consistent with what "the way" really is: a holiness movement - which is consistent with 1. Jewish use of the word ekklesia (as the equivalent for qahal), and 2. the earliest Christian self-designation we know of, the "way" (hodos).
1. When the word ekklesia is used to translate qahal in the OT, it often refers to the people of Israel during the "ex-hodos"/exodus, i.e. as "called out" of Egypt and on their "way"/hodos "out"/ek to the Promised Land. But the link between a "movement out" and God's people as ekklesia is perhaps clearest in Judges 20:1-2: "Then all the children of Israel WENT OUT, and the group ('edah) assembled (qahal, ekklesia; εξεκκλησιασθη η συναγωγη in the LXX) as one man .... And the chiefs of all the people, even of all the tribes of Israel, presented themselves in the assembly (qahal, ekklesia) of the people of God, four hundred foot-soldiers bearing arms." Note: foot-soldiers, men on the move! Not a "congregation"/sun-agogue, which implies something stable and and solid; but a movement of men on the march. That militant and mobile nuance to ekklesia is largely covered up by centuries of post-Reformation biblical philology operating out of a "congregational" model of church reading "ekklesia" in opposition to the earlier (and continuing Catholic) assertion to the contrary (e.g. in the "Roman Catechism" of the Council of Trent, which insists on the notion of "movement" and of the church militant as "the called out ones": "The word ecclesia (church) means a calling forth." Roman Catechism, Article IX).
2. Given that Jesus "calls" his disciples to "leave" (their boats, families, wealth, etc) and "follow" him "in the way" by taking up "the cross"; given that he was crucified "outside the city gate" where we are called to join him (Hebrews 13:12-13); given that the call to "holiness" is a call to "otherness"; little wonder that the ekklesia is first and foremost an assembly not of "congregants" but FOLLOWERS, people of the "the Way" (Acts 9:2).
Thanks for your comment! I agree that we shouldn't use scholarly resources "uncritically." I sometimes find myself disagreeing with certain comments here and there in works like BDAG, but that doesn't make them useful.
Blessings!
Nice video but you said that when John uses karpos it's only in reference to the literal fruit and trees, whilst Paul and James use it metaphorically. I'm not sure that's quite right.
In John 15 he uses it 8 times in the 'I am the true vine' discourse... I don't think the expectation is that we are to produce literal apples and pears when we abide in Christ.
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Thanks for your comment! I considered John 15. However, Jesus (and thus John) is referring to actual fruit on a vine and using that whole concept as a metaphor. This is different to the likes of (for example) James who speaks of "the fruit of good works" where there is no reference to trees and vines. So I made the distinction on that basis.
A crowd has just been yelling about Artemis for two hours. A man tries to quiet them, saying this:
Ει δὲ τι περὶ ετέρων επιζητεῖτε, εν τῆ εννόμῳ εκκλησίᾳ επιλυθήσεται. (Πραξ. 19:39)
This is a pagan who believes in Artemis talking about the town council or something similar, not the church. The crowd itself is called εκκλησία in verse 41.
tv
still watching this but to answer the title question I do etym of the word strong define, blb search and above all Holy Spirit direction. Jn 16:13
Holy Spirit opens one’s understanding, but depending on Him as a shortcut around doing one’s homework is a common and dangerous practice.
John 16:13 is addressed to the future apostles who delivered the New Testament to us, not to those who have the full, written revelation of God.
@@ricksonora6656 He guides me as I do my searching work and points out keywords and pattern recognitions visual and auditory
@@ricksonora6656 Jn 16:13-15 ... twhen he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever *he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will shew you things to come.*
14 He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, *and shall shew it unto you.*
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Exegete: "an expounder, interpreter" (especially of the Bible), (Holy Spirit Jn 16:12-13)
Jm 1:5 If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given
Wisdom recognizes that John 16:13?is addressed to the disciples, who gave us the full, written revelation. But we do love applying to ourselves promises given to others.
⚠️ Friend ⚠️ Shame on you for burdening your students with the yoke of spending money on a pile of books and courses AND HAVING TO LEARN GREEK! Please show me where does it say in Scripture that we need to study Greek in order to learn, study and understand the Bible?
I'm not a theologian or even a pastor. I'm a layman and doing just fine with free resources out there.
You even made sure to mention Logos, an insanely overpriced software! SHAME ON YOU FRIEND FOR TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE IGNORANT!!!
Not ONE free resource mentioned in the description box. Why sooooo many affiliate links, friend?
Thanks for your comment. I value the work of those who invest their time and talent in work and am happy to pay for it. You’re welcome to use free resources, but I’m happy to support hard work and encourage others to do the same. I don’t think I would characterise my viewers as ignorant, nor do I say everyone must learn Greek.
@@bma Friend, are you saying free resources didn't come from hard work? Webster didn't invest his time and talent AND OWN MONEY?
What's wrong with Webster's 1828 free online. Why did you not list Webster's and Strong's? Isn't it because they offer no affiliate links?
Amazon can offer you affiliate links for those two resources, but of course you wouldn't consider them coz you don't want to inform your audience they're free online, right?
I'm waiting for you to tell me what's wrong with Webster's and Strong's, friend????
Again, feel free to use those free resources, but I don't think they are the best resources available. They were good in their time, but I believe the resources I've linked to are better. I tend to promote resources I use and therefore recommend just as, I'm sure, you do too.
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