Self-Determination Theory: 3 Basic Needs That Drive Our Behavior
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- Опубликовано: 2 июн 2024
- Self-determination theory argues that people are motivated to learn, grow and change their lives, if their three basic psychological needs are satisfied: competence, connection, and autonomy. People who are unable to fulfill these three needs, may feel amotivation, or need extrinsic rewards to learn or make changes. They often experience little control over their own lives, no sense of self-determination, and often also poor mental health.
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COLLABORATORS
Script: Yurou Wang, PhD, Clinical Assistant Professor, The University of Alabama
Editors:Jonas Koblin, Morgan Lizop
Artist: Pascal Gaggelli
Voice: Matt Abbott
Coloring: Nalin
Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa
Sound Design: Miguel Ojeda
Fact-checking: Ludovico Di Chanaz
Production: Selina Bador
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SOURCES
Center for Self-determination Theory (2021). Meta-Theory: The Organismic Viewpoint. selfdeterminationtheory.org/t...
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1980). Self-determination theory: When mind mediates behavior. The Journal of mind and Behavior, 33-43.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101860.
Wang, Y., & Wind, S. A. (2020). Comparing internalization of learning motivation between American and Chinese college students. Journal of Psychological and Educational Research, 28(2), 7-30.
positivepsychology.com/self-d...
CLASSROOM EXERCISE
Visit www.sproutsschools.com to access suggested classroom activities for this topic.
CHAPTERS
00:00 Introduction
00:18 3 Basic needs that drive our behavior
01:05 Self-determination spectrum
04:58 How to regain self-determination from burn outs
05:08 Richard Ryan & Edward Deci
05:51 What do you think?
06:10 Patrons credits
06:20 Ending
#motivation #psychology #selfdetermination #sproutslearning
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Wow
"Motivation fuels you to do things. Habits keep you on track."
So true
💖
Hi! Faculty member here, I wrote my MA thesis with the help of Self Determination Theory as basis theory. I'd like to include a few important points for anyone who'd like to learn more.
Firstly basic psychological needs derive from organismic survival behaviour as well as other sides of human beings, like their personalities, upbringings, contextual positions etc.
Deci and Ryan say every human is inherently curious. To be able to maintain the fire of curiosity and life long learning, one will need intrinsic motivation. This is provided by supporting an individual's autonomy, competence and relatedness (relation was the preffered term in the video).
Amotivation happens on three observed terms. If your basic psychological needs are not supported, you may feel that there is no power in you to behave in a certain way. Secondly, you might be completely uninterested about an issue and there isn't enough stimulation for you to act. Third one is more about rejecting the action itself.
Deci and Ryan also found that even though money in considerably mid or big amounts might not nourish intrinsic motivation, small amounts of money or small rewards might act as intrinsic motivation stimulants. That's why computer games are so intriguing to us, they're full of small rewards!
Overall, I'd like to thank you for this video. This is a theory that needs to be heard and studied more.
Thankyou for your explanation ❤️ Is it possible to read your thesis?
Awesome explanation! Thanks for this
@@kanthrajkalal7193 Hi! It's in Turkish but available online. If you would like the details, please reply. I will be happy to share.
Thanks for explianing it made me understand this video much more and also i became curious thanks
@@raisisset1 I'd like to read your paper...thank you
I'm homeschooling my four children, and they're all on different parts of this spectrum. My oldest does really well because he's curious and wants to learn everything that he can, while my other children tend to be more frustrated and reward oriented.
Seeking a change in environment helps a lot, with me at least. Working where you sleep is tough. I often rearrange my room to help combat this, but to me nothin' beats actually working away from the house.
Interesting. In his autobiography, Arnold Schwarzenegger said that a home gym would not work for him because there were too many distractions around the house. He had to go to an outside gym, like Gold's gym.
@@walterbyrd8380 That's cool. Yeah its like your mind needs a designated place to work and a separate place to relax. Mixing the two be like drinkin coffee when you trying to sleep.
I am the last, no 6 person. I have had cancer metastases for 7 yrs now, & its the personal motivation to do the best to beat it, that has kept me so well. I research the internet, & forget what time it is, hence have to sleep in late most mornings. Thanks Mr Grassi, for causing this Sprouts to help people to think better.
Alison.
Does our education system undermine intrinsic motivation? Few have the luxury of studying what they want just because they find in interesting. Grades are critical. Without good grades we often cannot move into our career choice. In any formal program of study, we must submit to a timeline, and we must follow the program structure.
Coming up soon ;)
@@sprouts Niceee
Great comment. A+
First year psychology student here. Working on an assignment where we're asked to identity a personal health risk behaviour and design a health treatment plan for ourselves, choosing either planned behaviour, the health belief model or SDT as a framework. In the context of reducing alcohol consumption I chose SDT as my model and this video has helped me understand it a great deal better and now I feel more confident (and COMPETENT) in completing my assignment. Not only that, I feel a greater sense of autonomy knowing that I'm on the right track now. Thank you. :)
Helping students to achieve intrinsic motivation is what teachers are endeavouring.
I love the video. This is a huge reason why I am choosing to homeschool. I feel like I am able to meet my girls needs better and my own needs better as an educator and life long learner.
While I respect your choice, can you share your views on social development of children who are home schooled vs regular public school? What are the cons of home schooling? Thanks in advance.
. Be very aware of your hidden motivations. Starting with 'I am better than xyz'... Objectively unlikely unless you are a genius polymath with savant-like pedagogical talent.
Then there are all the detractors, starting with lack of socialization... Collaboration, cooperation, competition. I.e. preparation for the real world.
@@gatewaypartners8018 I would love to share my thoughts. I think that first, it is important to ask ourselves what social development means to us. Prior to homeschooling I felt like school was the best place for children to develop socially, but I never stopped to actually think about why I felt that way. Because I am homeschooling which is not the norm where I live, I constantly am thinking about what my girls needs are and if I am meeting those needs. For me being able to be self-aware, regulating and recognizing emotions, being emotionally responsive and being able to interact with others effectively in social situations are all important aspects of social development. As a teacher I was never asked to reflect on my teaching to understand if I was meeting these needs. The focus is on reading, writing, and arithmetic as well as the behavior of students. The pros of homeschool are that I have time to research how to meet these needs, I am able to take the necessary time to help develop these needs without feeling a time constraint, I am able to re-create individualized social situations through play to teach healthy social norms, and we can go to everyday social places around us such as restaurants, libraries, grocery stores, parks to meet these needs. I am a bit of an introvert so I guess a con might be having to set up playdates, but even then I like to be pushed out of my comfort zone because it helps me grow.
Sprout also has a video on social learning if you are interested. I hope this helps!
Extrinsic motivation is needed when you are not interested in the subject... on the other hand, intrinsic motivation plays a huge role when you enjoy the subject. I studied "Mathematical models for optimization" with intrinsic motivation and now I am studying "Automatic controls" just thinking about the grade... (you may notice I am watching youtube videos because the subject isn't fully capturing me).
True.
Thank you, nice approach!
It helped me to understand my amotivation during the last 2 months - I cannot make myself do my job properly.
Now I realize it’s because I don’t fully enjoy my job and I was mostly motivated by appreciation from others😢
I don’t respond to rewards, recognition, or competition. I am motivated by being a competent member of my team and succeeding in our regards. I need to be apart of a task that is truly fulfilling to be motivated day to day.
So well put together. Thank you for this!
Well to be honest even clicking on this channel and subscribing. At first got me curious and now got me motivated to learn more. Not to out compete someone, not to benefit , or to show off. But for my own 😊 curiosity. Thanks and keep it going.
There are three basic needs that drive our behavior: the need for safety, the need for belonging, and the need for significance. We all have a need to feel safe and secure, to feel like we belong, and to feel like we matter. These needs influence our behavior in everything we do, from the way we interact with others to the way we make decisions. When these needs are not met, we can feel anxious, lonely, and worthless. This can lead to all sorts of problems, both for ourselves and for those around us. But when our needs are met, we can feel happy, fulfilled, and like we're part of something bigger than ourselves.
Can you provide a source for this tenet?
I agree with this video. I can see myself in different spectrums of it. Also the factors which can lead one towards 'amotivation'. This brief yet interesting video and my current "amotivated" state motivated me to comment here.
As always, nothing is simple when our toughts and feelings are on the mix - how to handle the rational ans irrational. Another great video. Gave me dood dor tought. Thanks.
unironically better than all motivational speeches i've watched.
thank you.
We appreciate the content and the animation through which it is expressed.
Whether or not people that do good things for intrinsic reasons or not they should not be rewarded less than those that would dislike doing the deeds especially if it their job. Example: Teachers. They should not be paid less because teaching is public good or is admired.
I am really happy that I came across this video. This theory is very interesting and I am looking forward towards doing more research on it.
A desire to improved sprouted from multiple sources actually; not just one of theses that drove me here, just different stages at different points of my life that formed into my drive for improving at my crafts.
That's a unique approach to know myself. I think I'm in between John and Ebony. Thanks for such research oriented videos.
I literally have a test in two days and I know little knowledge of the topics within the subject I'm (supposed to be) studying. This helped a lot in what motivation stage I am in right now. ;(
Please make more videos on the theories of Psychology and statistics.
Thankyou for this amazing video ❤️
Thank you so much!
What should I do? Now, I am at the stage where I do not feel like doing anything because up to now, all the things I’ve done and tried have not made any sense!!
"John thinks learning is important, because it makes him a better human being, develop intellect and become the best version of himself"
My man John is certainly Stoicism.
Nice theory and video! Thanks
Sounds similar to Kantian philosophy. He said being "autonomous" means being "free" and it's same as being "rational". It's something not related to any external factor, such as pressure from peers, parents, etc. In this video, the extrinsically motivated people are being irrational, as they so something for the sake of some external factor, not out of their own free will. Doing something for an external factor will also mean using yourself as a means to achieve that external thing. This is morally wrong. One should always treat herself(and others) as the end, not as a mean.
How could one disagree with this beautiful theory? Ryan and Deci took a data driven bottom-up approach to extract these three basic psychological needs. SDT is build upon thick layers of empirical papers haha
I get motivated both by myself and by rewards given by my parents and lectures.
Children often need external motivation to teach them and get them to a point that they develop the internal motivation.
I’m conflicted on this- on one hand I can see what you’re saying, but this seems almost like working against the grain, making it harder for teachers, students, and parents. I think this might be why Montessori schools and unschooling are so successful.
If you have to offer external motivation, then aren’t you directing the child where you feel they should go? Is there a chance that that direction is not actually where they need to or want to go? Maybe pulling a child back and directing them to focus on reading and writing when they really want to know more about numbers undermines their ability to be successful in either subject because they suddenly see that they’re not getting a promised reward or are getting punished as promised for not following the material, but they’re not following because it’s not interesting, but to the child they don’t understand that and they end up thinking there’s something wrong with them, instead of something being wrong with the system.
I understand every child is different and maybe that external motivation works in many cases, but I was one of those that struggled and fell behind and felt like I worked and worked and worked and barely got by. I thought I was just stupid. Once I got to college and could choose my area of interest, I had straight A’s (with all 3 degree programs!).
I think that if you see a child struggling in one area, then find the area that they’re really interested in and find a way to combine the two areas little by little so that they’re excited to learn what they want to know and then they see that they’re still successful in the areas they care less about and that feeling of competency and autonomy drives them to want more of all areas ☺️
Great video to go along with my study. Did so for the youtube algorithm
Quite useful! Congratulations.
Glad you think so!
This is very insightful! I am a teacher, so I see all these motivations on a regular basis with my students
Glad it was helpful!
Very Amazing theory
I really liked it 😊
Insightful and informative. I can relate to to all examples. It just depends on the subject. I like to know a little bit of everything. But I haven't developed a discipline in one thing. My m.o. might be more about understanding the nuance of self-discovery and self-awareness. In other words, I like gaining perspective from interesting subjects that may affirm, confirm, and or validate my own unorthodox worldviews.
I guess this could help explain why I love learning on youtube instead of doing college work. Ill keep note of this later so I could find a way to better motivate myself for studying
Good learning
When I was a teacher, we were pushed to support intrinsic motivation. Which is great! In theory. But with standardized tests, predetermined curriculum and funding based on attendance rates…it’s not going to happen. Even the best case scenario is extrinsic: students may be motivated to succeed, but not due to genuine autonomy. It will be from expectations, identity or self-improvement (all of which, once autonomy and choice ARE offered, students who were previously successful feel so lost choosing a career and so fall back on others expectations) Blame the teachers if you want, but of course kids are going to chose the device made to keep them engaged and included. Tests will make them feel stupid. So what are we truly trying to accomplish?
I told my students they are here to become employees, to work for someone else....show up on time, don't leave early, do the work. Your creativity or how you feel about it is unimportant. They were not happy when they realized the real reason they were there...a sad lol.
The difference between amateur and professional musicians is the extrinsic reward that professionals need to have in order to continue being professionals
What a video! Congratulationss
Yay, thank you! :)
I would have liked more detail on getting myself to care about things at the highest level enough to get me to start something amd bring it to completion. Simply having a change of scenery or meeting people isn't quite going to do it for me because I end up back where I started when I go home.
Excellent
Absolutely Agree with the concept. Thx so much (tommoroww i'll have a presentation about Theory)
I hope that went well! ;)
I've been reading about this theory for a while,and I think a few thing might worth adding to not be misleading :
- I found that the examples of the video can be a bit misleading regarding the competence "level" of each student. The theory is talking about a feeling of competency, and not a mesured level of competency. It's about an individual personal experience and perception. So the actual "level" of competency is not limited or bounded to one's motivation type (regulation), although people on the right part of the spectrum may have a good performance because of their long-lasting interest. See the subtheory of Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET).
- Also, the spectrum doesn't indicate the "impact" of motivation (= the maximum outcome one can expect with this motivation), but rather the resulting autonomy (= willingness to do the task) ranging from low to high across the spectrum. This impact longevity of the motivation in time (= for how long someone could sustain doing the task, in well-being) and the resilience of the motivation (= when faced with obstacles how many time do someone hold). Also intrinsic motivation is not the only self-determined motivation : internalisation and integration are largely autonomous and effective. The spectrum, also called continuum, comes from the subtheory of Organismic Integration Theory (OIT)
- The main goal of the theory was to examine what sustain and what diminish intrinsic motivation. On that, the theory also show that all externally reguated motivation techniques (such as rewards, dealines, directives and evalutations) undermine intrinsic motivation. That's an interesting thing to understand when considering most school systems... which has been studied with this theory, since 1981. Also detailled in the subtheory of Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET).
There are many papers on this theory, if you want to read only one : "Self-Determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development and weel-being", from Ryan and Deci, published in year 2000 in American Psychologist
You should point out that different types of motivation can happen to people regardless of race/ethnicity depending on different circumstances - meaning people should not be confined to one of the six merely because they are commonly observed or better term, PERCEIVED by others different.
That last story is a marvel of civic engineering. Im impressed.
*Love* the first example❗ We have altruistic blood donor system and first time I was asked to donate platelets *I was offended* this was paid!!!
Thanks for sharing this
If someone is doing something you don't like... reward them with something every time they do it, it can be something small, but it starts to link what they are doing with extrinsic motivation (which in turn lowers their intrinsic motivation). Then one day, remove that reward (extrinsic motivation) and you'll find they will also stop whatever they were doing that you don't like since... they're no longer intrinsically motivated to do it :D
That's bass akwards sounding.
@Sebastián welcome to psychology
It’s a bit like giving a bully attention, sometimes when u start to ignore them they lose interest, or maybe not
@@guschong4609 no, actually the opposite is true because you associate a positive reward for an action. Logic tells you that if you remove the reward, the person will double down with their actions in an attempt to get the reward. If you want an analogy, think of a drug abuser chasing a high.
04:58 Burnouts are the worst! Having writer's block is also worse! Running out of ideas is also the worst!
Others brought me into this world without my consent. What should my "autonomy" mean to me in the face of that.
A very deep question 🤔 I'm going to ponder on this for some time
I believe that the práctice of autonomy Is a good remedy for the lack of satisfaction and our upset human condition.
From zygote moving forward, you worked very hard to be in this world, why stop now?
If u want to die you can that's what your autonomy gives you
@Infinitesimal Universe
Agreed. That's a sensible comment. I still feel cheated though.
Please say , which app or software os used by you to make such a amazing illustrations . Please ???
well I m totally confused in the last question of the vdo... Bt yes the vdo was really good 👍🏻
How to use the theory in the video for practical use for some who is amotivated? Can one move beyond theory?
I was motivated to watch this video because there wasn't anything on TV to watch.
-autonomy
-competence
-connection
Motivations (non self determined - self determined):
-amotivation
-extrinsic
-intrinsic
6 distinct types
-amotivation
-extrinsic motivation : externally regulated
-extrinsic motivation - interjected regulation
-extrinsic motivation - regulation through identification (by ideal)
- extrinsic motivation- integrated regulation.
- intrinsic motivation.
Motivated to learn more to better understand motivation more from the psy100 course at university of phoenix.
Vergil : "NOW i am motivate!"
so cool, motivated to understand this theory so i can stop keep getting this flashcard wrong wrong so i can potentially improve my test scores LOL I find both intrinsic and extrinsic sources for my motivation!
Glad I could help!
Wow, I definitely see how many people I know are affected by this spectrom. Personally, I think that bringing balance between the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is the right. However, we should also take into consideration individual differences that may be affected by genetics and environment.
I am intrinsically motivated to write comment after seeing this video.
We all have a desire to learn at first... But we learn what we want to learn that firs our learning style, sone learn by only doing, others by watching, others by reading and questioning, and many others are a mix... And again, its all depending on tge topic
Agreed, money biggest extrinsic motivation
I vary mostly in between the 3rd 4th and 5th person but i have never been the 6th one idk why?? I do good and I know i can do quite a lot better even if i be the 5th person but i can never think of a time where I studied out of curiosity especially if it is for an exam or test as you might say :)
Is there a link between being intrinsically motivated and burnout in students? I know that most university courses are designed to overface students so that they learn only what is important to get the grade they need to pass their course or achieve a high grade to get into the running for honours - but since this introduces an external form of validation does doing well at university actually undermine your autonomy?
How did i come to this channel and this video ?
because i am intrinsic motivation person...
the curious one, that wish to try everything refreshing hunting for knowledge.
if i had a chance i want to try die for 3 days go for a exploration to the afterlife and then come back to earth and tell everyone how fun is the other side of the eternal of afterlife that we all long being curious taboo topic...
Which software do you use to make these videos ?
I agree. 🧐
Motavtion is cool 🎉
agree
Preparing for my exam
All the best :)
*watching*
There is also the "controlled" motivation without realizing you are controlled that way!
A A A aaaaamotivation! My favorite state of being.
I think that the external environment has not the biggest impact on our motivation system therefore it’s a mix between external and interior wich is our genes, so the extrinsic rewards is important so that those who have a lack of interior motivation could be motivated as well, however it should not be a just rewards but some emotions and motivation speeches from the the parents
Can anybody recomend a basic pshychology book for me. I want to learn more about psychology.
i feel like i am all of those all together
I'm unable to reach for my full intrinsic self due to economic pressure, what type is that?
low autonomy
@@flipp081 does money=autonomy?
Just play the song *Bury The Light* for a POWERFUL MOTIVATION~
autonomy competence connection
dayum
Hahaha I am Chinese. It is so true. I have to fight the desire to not disappoint Mom , so I can do what I desire sometimes.
Yeah
Really missing my lady voice 😍❣️😬
Woah
Very cosmopolitan.
I love how the Asian kids are always the ones doing something because of external pressure. Looks very realistic
What you describe here as "intrinsic motivation" sounds an awful lot like my daughter when her ADHD causes her to become hyperfocused which is not always a good thing.
👍😍
Who on earth is called Taichi??
I need to know what motivated to start a yt channel
i am the last person, but i never had excellent marks. bc studying is not enough to get them in my lyceum
Hey people
I'm the mix of Taichi and Abeni 😑
Extrinsic motivation through identification. 😅
No motivation to write any comment except for being a #RebelRebel
I still do not buy the introductory analogy one bit.
Yeah, they should have backed it up by citing a study, if any have been done.
It feels remotely plausible, but then even if a study did "confirm" this, there'd be other variables to consider. I'd like to know what was the impetus for the creation of this theory, if it's not an observation of normal, expected incentives (like money) failing to incentivize (as depicted in the fictional blood drive).
😂😂😂😂
Blood donation is not motivated by competence of task. It doesn't related to belongingness
It could be related to their sense of self, for example if someone related to the idea that “I help others” or “I work to make the world a better place”, then donating blood could satisfy both competence and autonomy. This would be an example of integrated regulation which is a type of autonomous motivation mentioned in the video. It could even possibly foster relatedness because a sense of care for others may be elicited. Just my thoughts on this!