Killing Stars
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- Опубликовано: 12 сен 2024
- When the largest of stars dies, the supernova they produce can outshine a whole galaxy, and potentially sterilize vast swathes of space. Future civilizations will need to be able to prevent or mitigate such events, though some might seek to artificially ignite a nova.
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Credits:
Killing Stars
Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur
Episode 281; March 11, 2021
Written, Produced & Narrated by Isaac Arthur
Script Editors:
Darius Said
Jerry Guern • Paleontology - by Jerr...
Jason Burbank
Keith Blockus
Graphics:
Jeremy Jozwik www.artstation...
Ken York / ydvisual
Udo Schroeter
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.c...
Isacc Arthur , giving supervillains instructions manuals since 2016 ( I think )
And also the source of half the instruction manuals here at Antares Starmines!
Rule #1: Stir frequently to keep star from exploding.
Rule #2: Toss excess hydrogen and helium back into star - you can recover the gravitational energy as light, and increase production of useful building materials.
Rule #3: Make sure to go the opposite way as all the other stars in the galaxy, so that you can eat red dwarfs every hundred thousand years to power your civilization.
Rule #4: Always remember - you are K2.5, and they are K1.5-K2.0. You can eat them if you want, even if they do not.
I am getting Mortal Engines vibes already.
Oh my. Isacc arthur is a supervillain and his hole channel is just his villain monologue.
If Isacc Arthur turns away from the light I fear for humanity..... it would be a glorious future though.
4x games need new content
i guess I'm kind of randomly asking but do anybody know of a good site to stream new series online ?
"This is why supernovas are not ideal as weapons, they're omnidirectional"
Supernova Shaped Charge when?
Should be easy if you can move around stellar masses of raw materials.
We only need a much thicker Shkadov thruster on a supernova, point it at your enemy, and watch it burn.
I mean, with enough solar mirrors, you could deflect anything.
Prolly just need a slightly denser mass gas than the direction of target to shape charge like explosive sitting on top of a safe with just bags of water covering those charges when detonated will pop the door off =^.^=
Just use gridfire, mate, works a treat.
Since the dawn of time, Man has dreamed of destroying the Sun.
No, that's vampires.
Uh... What planet did we just crush?
Humanity thought process in a nutshell:
"How do I eat it?"
"How do I kill it?"
"How do I fuck it?"
Not necessarily in that order.
The sun sucks
Tbf we do have stories about monsters and stuffs eating the sun, or mythical archer shot down extra sun
So you're not wrong
Flipping Stars for Fun and Profit: How You Too Can Power Your Own Perfect Simulation for Eons
this sounds like the perfect pyramid sche...multi-level marketing firm for me!
This made me legit lol
Would you like more energy??? Then don't skip this video. I'm going to show you how YOU can flip stars in ANY market using none of your own energy using one weird trick that the energy companies have been using for YEARS.
@@ajm2872 ad is 40 mins long
@@the_hanged_clown Luminous spheroid scheme?
Humans: You can't use a supernova as a weapon
Aliens: Hold my beer
Isaac: "None of which you want to be near when they go off... Or do you"
*Vsauce music starts playing*
Me: "Pretty sure I don't, but I'm listening..."
an Isaac Arthur and Vsauce crossover needs to hapen
@@loihertz8161 Funnily enough...I found Isaac Arthur BECAUSE VSauce. In one episode he shouted-out various other eductional/sciencey RUclipsrs, and at one point said something like "Isaac Arthur just did an episode about farming black holes!" Hey, Isaac, you know those people who find the "Civilizations at the End of Time" videos first? (waves) Hi! :)
@@robinchesterfield42 Wow, which Vsauce video is that from? I've missed it!😅😅
I was expecting you to reference vsauce there.
Just tell the star they can be anything when they are young.
Now I imagine red giants starting a body positivity movement.
LTC Samantha Carter: "You know, you blow up one sun and suddenly everyone expects you to walk on water."
Indeed
"I only blew up one!"
Isaac Arthur: A supernova can't sneak up on you
me: *Laughs in Sun Crusher
After days of using Dyson beam in stellaris
I see the importance of blowing up stars
“What we know is a drop. What we don't know is an ocean.”
― Isaac Newton
This is why I think that ftl or other Clark tech is possible. Humans can only predict developments linearly which leads to super bad underestimation for development.
Plus, do a bunch of hairless apes really think that they know everything when we've only stopped killing eachother long enough to do science for 300 years.
What we don’t know just seems to have been getting bigger since Newton’s day.
There is a problem with proposing Clark tech though -> we have no idea what it could be or what it would be like.
-Isaac Newton
- Jonas (Dark)
HP Lovecraft was scared by a drop. I wish he was around to catch a glimpse of a puddle.
@@atashgallagher5139 imagine what we could achieve if we really did stop killing one another 🥴
When Lovecraft talked about esoteric wars between eldritch civilizations is this what he meant?
Eldritch is a point of view. Lambs might see birds of prey as an eldritch civilization.
He also meant that they _also_ had the ability to mess with reality/existence itself. -D
@@Fridaey13txhOktober Or were composed of beings who did that as a basic function of their life processes, so the stuff their technology would do just by operating, or in some cases just by existing, would be even stranger.
@@evensgrey What kinds of aliens or beings in Lovecraft mess up reality just by existing? That sounds really freaky, but cool at the same time.
@@alejandrojuarez5640 There's that one lovecraft monster whom we all exist within the dreams of. If the monster ever wakes, we cease to exist, because its dream would end.
Isaac before this video I simply refused to colonize a giant supernova candidate star. But you convinced me. Waiting to buy a ticket.
ATLAST! I can learn the ways to kill stars and change my last name to "Starkiller".
Or Jean Luc Starwhacker
I don't know if it's on purpose or just a coincidence, but just like there are many "first rule of warfare" in your videos, there also seem to have many different kinds of stars observed and theoretical, that are "the most valuable type of stars" for a galactic empire. Just a funny thing i noticed.
Because then, you would have rule of warfare #43,291 and #11,903!
it's a recurring joke. He says they used to say it a lot when he was in the military
Yes
I think the "first rule of warfare" is a running gag. Isaac has a subtle sense of humour.
i think some people sincerely missed the point of my comment, i said that "JUST LIKE THERE ARE MANY", pointing to the fact that i KNOW there are many, and indicating that as a long time viewer (since i saw it MANY times in MANY videos) i know it's a gag, and then i went to the actual comment, in that there are also many "most important type of star", that i DON'T know if its also a gag or just normal part of his writing.
When a group of Suns is pushing you around pick out the biggest one and punch it in the nose.
My favorite aspect of Isaac is how he can take such grandiose and seemingly impossible feats of engineering and ground them down to a more realistic and comprehensive level. Fantastic video as always, Mr. Arthur. Your content is unlike anything else.
When our sun starts to go nova, it will be time to set up some deck chairs around about Jupiter, slap on some +50 lotion, break out some dark glasses, Put a few beers on ice and set the mp3 player to the Beatles 'Here comes the sun'. Sometimes you just have to say WTF...
Humans will be long extinct by then. Probably within 500 years.
The sun will not go nova, but it will expand into a Red Giant.
@@yakarotsennin3115 True. I wonder what the safe marshmallow toasting distance will be for a red giant. I suspect a long stick would be in order.
@@agalah408 A very long stick indeed
SFIA where we make WH40K look like the expanse in terms of scale, and the expanse look like WH40K in terms of realism!
Has someone been playing Stellaris again?
Roll on Nemesis!
*previously on stellaris*
"I am the senate!"
*next on stellaris*
"the republic will be reorganised into the first galactic empire!"
*in other news*
"I am the crysis!"
*whistles* I assure you that I have been a perfectly friendly crystalline hive mind because we are a people person, and not because we aren't strong enough to take on the entire galaxy just yet. Just look at our latest research - we're studying nothing but peaceful energy and mineral production. Do not be alarmed that our exponentially rising economic power is being used to fund our exponentially rising military power...
In fact, we are SO committed to peace, that we still use primitive kinetic weapons. Those are purely for self defense against pirates, I assure you. We are no threat against the energy shields and tachyon lances of the newly Awakened Empire.
@@r3dp9 Uhhh...I'll just be over here on Alpha Centauri dealing with the mindworms, if it's all the same to you guys...
@@r3dp9 If I get my hands on Gigastructural Engineering,watch out for the Ul-Tur coming your way!
Hey Isaac, I've been watching for a while. Just wanted to drop into the comments to say thank you, for taking time out of your life to make and upload these videos. Your topics are fascinating, easy(ish) for people, who may not even have a strong grasp on STEM can understand. I watch your videos when I work in a dishpit at a restaurant, or when I am doing chores. Thank you very much.
It's a rainy day in SW Missouri, and there's no better way to fill an afternoon, thanks for the great videos Isaac!
"[Supernova] are to a hydrogen bomb what a hydrogen bomb is to a hand grenade"
It's way more than that. A supernova is 10^44 joules, a typical hydrogen bomb 10^15 joules and a hand grenade about 10^5 joules. So the supernova to the hydrogen bomb is a difference of 10^29 joules compared with 10^10 joules for the fusion bomb to the hand grenade.
A better comparison would be, "what a hydrogen bomb is to the energy of just one of the gamma ray photons it emits."
Is that more, or less than a flea fart?
@@Rattus-Norvegicus Well, if we know the mass and velocity, we can calculate it with 0.5 * m * v^2.
Rounding off to orders of magnitude (good enough for physics), the volume of a flea is probably about 1ml, so its fart is maybe a 1000th of that and air has a density of about 1g per liter, so the mass of the fart is 10^-9 kg. Let's say its velocity is 10cm per second, so the kinetic energy is 0.5 * 10^-9 * (10^-1)^2 which is about 10^-12 joules. This is 2 orders of magnitude more than the photon (10^-14 joules), but easily close enough for a pop sci comparison (and much more meme-worthy). A flea specialist may chime in and give more accurate numbers...
@@slappop7082 Lmao, nice!🤣
5:45 - "Captain i am detecting strong neutrino emissions from this star!" ... "Get us out of here! ..Helm, warp 9.. engage!"
Episode 5980, Isaac is now a god, this isn’t a entertaining video, its a tutorial
I like to believe he does consultancy for Kardashev Level II civilizations who are in need of projects.
And I'd still be watching, probably as multiple connected instances alike "We are Legion, We are Bob", which unsurprisingly it's because of Isaac that I know of an adore that book series
Totally incredible we're able to understand something so far away with such precision.
Getting close to these monsters to harness their power seems to be the ultimate in high risk high reward strategy. Those contemplating it would be considered insane by their civilizations. If successful they're going to be feted like demigods.
This channel deserves a lot more subscribers than it currently has.
Isaac Arthur: i don't want to say it would be *easy* by any means
Also Isaac Arthur: lol just starlift the material away before it blows you up 4head
This channel's great, keep doing what you do
And suddenly we get attacked by a lower dimension foil.
Pesky monads, riding their pandimentional dust bunnies all over the place again.
Woo hoo! Havent been this early since Shrodingers cat was still in the back yard.....
I kind of want to know what sentient stars (as discussed in an earlier video) might think of topics like this - obviously the death of a star is grim, but the idea of star cultures and what an individual star can or cannot accomplish based on its physical ability or whatever. Now it sounds like I’m trying to write an anime for stars.
“You can do it, Sun-san! You may not be a super massive red dwarf, but you can match their speed with your smaller body’s agility and the ability to successfully host life!”
Oh god. Now I'm having Earth-Chan/planetball flashbacks...
(Actually some of the designs for the various space-thing "chans" and the way they incorporate actual scientific stuff about the thing they represent into each character can be kind of clever.)
@@robinchesterfield42 I've not heard of that, but it sounds kind of amazing.
And, yes, I admit that I'm basically just making Eyeshield-21 but for artificially sentient celestial bodies, but come on! You can see the dialogue! The manga practically writes itself!
Could futuristic civilizations use quasars as weapons? Could it even take out a dyson swarm? What type of weaponry would you need to eliminate a K2+ civilization?
Basically, you want to know what would happen if two empires conquered their respective galaxies, and wanted to wage war on eachother? Possibly while their galaxies were passing by/through eachother? That would be interesting.
It would probably be a game of sterilizing planets and star systems, making the most dangerous self-replicating robots to retake and weaponize those star systems, then hoping those self replicating robots are dangerous enough to kill the other guy but not dangerous enough to go rogue and kill everyone.
I can't see that ending well for either party. Even at K2+ scales, Mutually Assured Destruction applies.
This is sounding like the end of the war in the Lensmen series...only even more so. They kept escalating until eventually it was like "Let's go into the other dimension, haul back an antimatter PLANET in a force field and throw it at 'em!"
Apparently E. Doc Smith didn't think big ENOUGH...
Once someone reaches K2 they may be unstoppable simply because they're already spreading out to other stars in so many directions you can't find them all
I'm joyfully reminded of the Bobiverse book series and 'The Others' race :P
The Romulans have regards about this.
Last time I was this early, I wasn't. Isaac Arthur Time.
Can't wait for the Star Eaters of Stellaris: Nemesis.
It's killing me that I have to wait till after work to watch this video in its entirety.
Last time I was this early, the first star was still alive!
some red dwarfs from back then might still be around!
@@Taygetea - Pretty much all of them would be. They last for a trillion years or more. The only red dwarfs that have ever died were those that merged with other stars - becoming more massive and shorter lived stars.
But you wouldn't exist if not for the elements from stars that already died. Though it's possible none of those were the first star, in fact the first star could still be around if it was a red dwarf.
@@medexamtoolscom I think Alexander means that all the red dwarfs from that era are still around. Plenty of sunlike and larger stars that died already and gave us heavy elements, but the red dwarfs didn't participate in that.
Fast thinking simulated civilization around a supernova.
You did it, Isaac. You colonized a supernova! I am happy.
I once contemplated a Nicol Dyson laser sphere, but instead of using a normal star, it would be a gigantic version of the x-ray laser bomb by Edward Teller.
A hypergiant star with a vast laser rod system built around it, so when it goes supernova, the lasers before vaporizing can generate beams capable of sterilizing whole solar systems. The combined directed emissions of thousands of such a supernova triggered Nicol Dyson laser eliminating all life from an entire galaxy.
The light output in the last month before the deathblast of a super giant is great for pushing lightsails.
It just struck me how much this channel has changed over the years.
Question for Isaac Arthur or those willing to answer.
Could you shield yourself from a supernova if you were to dig deep enough in a planet and just wait it out until it's safe again? If so, how deep is deep enough and how far and massive should the star be for this method to be effective?
In one of kyle hills because science videos he explained that if the sun went supernova the neutrino flux would be the equivalent of a hydrogen bomb going off in front of your eyeball basically no amount of planet would be enough to shield you since neutrinos can travel through a light year of lead without stopping I don’t think any civilization worth there existence would bother trying to shield a planet from a supernova they would just get the hell out of there before it irradiated the biofilm off their planet
Would you bury into a planet or find the second most massive object and sit in the supernova/2nd L2 Lagrange point??
It would be interesting to study how many neutrinos pass through a neutron star during a super nova
Perfect way to start out the mourning a good cup of joe and killing stars.
Or, in my case, a good way to spend lunchtime.
How Issac describes the star collapsing (@ 5:30 ish) is what will happen with GME soon, going MOASS. odd but true.
Just drop in a stargate opened to a black hole. Easy. Didn't even need to watch ;)
This is the first video of yours I’ve seen, it was sent to me about 20 minutes ago by a friend and I loved it! Subbed!
Ohhhh you are in for a treat. Go watch his colonizing the solar system playlist. Will change your life.
@@wolfvale7863 I miss the music of the upward bound series.
@@AtlasReburdened Yeah it always set the mood for me. Settle down with a drink and a snack and prepare to smile.
Welcome aboard! This is one of my favourite channels ever, the topics discussed here are just so cool and he discusses them so well. I also vote for the "Outward Bound" playlist, as well as the "Civilizations at the End of Time" one, even though he despairs at people always finding those videos first 'cos they need a lot of back knowledge. :P
I actually had a book series that I wrote with a plot line that included using an artificial supernova to destroy an enemy fleet and all other infrastructure in a star system. The omnidirectional nature of the supernova was desirable in that specific case.
I don't know if the narrator has an accent, a speech impediment or if it's the unique manipulation of their natural voice but it's not only unique but also pleasant and is perfect for narration... Which ever it may be, it made for an easy decision to subscribe.
I wonder why most of the ideas on this channel hasn't been in movies. I guess not in Star Trek becuase that's set only a few centuries from now and not a few millenia. They did have Nova bombs in Andromeda, but that was a tv show.
I'm guessing because in many cases, it would be too big of a scale to show/write properly? Also weirdly enough Trek's technology is both more and LESS than this stuff. They have (current understanding of) physics-breaking FTL travel and teleportation, but tiny scattered small-fleet galactic empires that barely colonise only the nicer planets instead of HERE ARE ALL MY DYSON SPHERES.
I would ABSOLUTELY watch the FRELL out of any TV show (or movie, but I'm going with show 'cos that would give you more time to properly build/show the world than a movie would) that _did_ properly do realistic-tech solar system colonization, terraforming or megastructures, though. As I understand it, "The Expanse" has the first one of those at least. At the moment, however, the best we can do is books, and I'm just _starting_ to track down even those. Alistair Reynolds and Kim Stanley Robinson are a couple good places to start.
The Sails of Tau Ceti used an induced supernova in an interesting manner to boost Ark ships.
Have any stars been detected that show signs of sentient interventions in their behaviour?
There are candidates, but nothing definitive. Tabby's star and Przybylski's star can't yet be completely ruled out. The former displays strange dips in luminosity, and the latter has a spectrographic profile which suggests the presence of elements being there which shouldn't be.
Have to say, the introduction analogies are quite generous to the hand grenades and house fires of the world.
This takes us beyond geoengineering into galactoengineering. Next staqe: cosmoengineering. Then multiversoengineering.
Btw the most massive star is not r126a1, its r136a1.
Love your channel, thanks for all the work you do.
One good reason to blow up a star is it can power your 22 minute time loop machine so you can find the Eye of the Universe.
Found the Nomai
Normal space documentaries : The Sun
Isaac... Killing Stars
Awesome!
Next episode... Killing black holes... Wa..wait that's illegal
Mind blowing content ! Amazing work as usual !
Thursdays are a great day for new content
No disrespect but i like watching ur videos while im going to sleep...u and event horizon and i always enjoy the content much love and respect from Texas!!
Isaac Arthur: "None of which you want to be near when they explode..."
Me, a law student, with assignments due: "oR Do yOu"
That opening tho...
Michael, please. Don't explode any stars _anywhere_, 'kay? And no grenades either, leave that to the professionals.
Today on killing stars : You've shone your last today star !
Can you kill a black hole? (besides waiting for it to dissolve)
If you absolutely have to destroy a star Stargates are always the best option just ask Sam
Carter blows up one solar system and know one can forget about it
Ideas that seem impossible today can become possible in the future. Your videos make an icy day a delight.
As for 7:20 - well.... I have asked this question to astrophysicist and I'm sceptical. Sun has about 330 Earth's mass worth of Iron in it. Having ability to throw one more means that 1. it won't change anything 2. ability to trust anything close to Earth's mass of iron at something pretty much settles the deal.
At what point, if any, would StarLifting mass out of a star cause harm to that Star, or the planets it services?
Smaller stars last much longer so in some ways you would be helping the star, but all of its planets orbits will drift further away, so they will receive less light from a star that is both further away and burning less bright. Might be a strategy for positioning a planet where you want it.
Right on time for nemesis lol.
A bit oversimplified of course since there are many types of massive stars and their associated supernovae each poorly understood we know mass and metallicity matter as does stellar merger history since massive stars almost never form in isolation eventually colliding with stellar companions.
R 136 a1 and similarly massive stars should be noted are so massive that the CNO cycle makes them fully convective so they never appear to have a typical main sequence spectrum as they are immediately polluted by fusion products. The star R 136 a1 has around a million years left according to stellar evolution models and its observed hydrogen to helium ratio but it is hard to be sure given that it is so overwhelmingly massive. Gravitationally R 136 as a whole is a fairly unique type of star formation for the current universe as it represents a rare example of a super star cluster that is a cluster of newborn stars so densely packed that their mutual gravity will lead to them remaining gravitationally bound eventually differentiating out by mass as a globular cluster. Truly a monstrous and exceptional star cluster for the modern universe as such clusters are preferentially biased towards the Early universe. Scientists might just want to watch the system play out as it gives insight to an early epoch of the universe visible to us due to the Magellanic cloud's relative isolation within the local cosmic void.
Most stars are isolated from their cores which is a problem for "star killing" methods. Convection in the lower mass regime is determined based on whether atoms have been able to recombine with their electrons which in turn is a function of energy in the form of luminosity if the atoms can't recombine you can't force mixing at least not though the low mass regime mechanism. The high mass regime works differently as the energy is the driver of the convection since fusion is happening so efficiently in the core thanks to the catalytic CNO cycle. This can't be underestimated in the sheer radiation involved in this sort of process. Additional concerns to address have to do with how are you capturing and utilizing that mass the supernovae should ideally be avoided because the matter ejected from them is scattered at high speeds much of in principal either escaping the galaxy itself This will be a tall task especially with the Milky Ways ongoing galactic interactions with the Magellanic Clouds and the Sagittarius dwarf Spheroidal galaxies the latter being a remnant of a formerly Large Magellanic Cloud sized galaxy set to plunge through our galaxies disk in around a100 million years from now as its core slowly in spirals to the galactic center.
Star birth largely thanks to the amazing GAIA mission has been revealed to not be a continuous process but rather an episodic process and the ongoing Large Magellanic Clouds first close pass since capture over a billion years ago is going to have a serious effect on stellar activity in our galaxy and is operating on timescales less then half the time needed to colonize the entire galaxy meaning it is unlikely we could prevent supernovae.
It should also be noted that for some reason stars sometimes fail to go supernovae instead something goes awry and they just collapse fading away to darkness, a black hole. We have seen this happen twice and it isn't understood well since we missed the actual events and only identified them after the fact by comparing surveys taken over time with two high mass stars just vanishing no light no neutrinos just the absence of a star where there once was a star. It is though to be related to a star failing to initiate the next stage in fusion in time to thwart gravity thus forming an event horizon as the star lacks sufficient angular momentum to resist collapse once formed. But until we can finally catch this in action we can't know for sure.
It should be noted that the most dangerous thing a star can produce from the perspective of a Kardeshev scale civilization is a magnetar their outbursts are truly cataclysmic on galactic scales for reasons not well understood. An individual magnetar only lasts around 10,000 years before burning out its activity but still 30 such stars are known within our galaxy implying some process is forming magnetars fast enough to keep up with older ones magnetically dying out. This process seems to be related to stellar mergers due to such systems having long been observed to have extreme magnetic fields.
The Kardashev scale is nice and all, but a better system is leveling civilizations by how many things they can explode. There's a similar scale in terms of energy usage, but the ethos behind it is different. For example, at this point we can blow up a decent part of the Earth's surface but even then it's not much.
Subjects of personal interest offered for future episodes might be: 1 Alternate life forms not based on carbon: 2. suggested reasons for the gap in the periodic table of elements, Possiblity of future discover thereof.
Star Wars getting a whole new meaning
this channel should have 50 million subs thank you Isaac Arthur for your amazing channel
I want to give birth to Issac Arthur's brilliant babies
This video is 25 minutes long and was posted 17 minutes ago. Knowing that it's imposible for anyone else to have watched this whole video (on RUclips) before I commented is pretty cool 😎😂
They could If they watched at 2x normal speed.
@@ravenmad9225 damn it
Haven't seen Isaac Arthur in my notifications in awhile. Glad your still doing this. Guess I can't rely on RUclips to tell me when you upload a video. I'll just have to check every couple of days now. I love listening to Isaac Arthur when I was driving truck
Make sure you hit the Bell 🔔, look at the “schedule of upcoming videos” at the end of each episode, remember that Thursday = Arthursday & LIKE 👍 & comment on each episode. I guarantee you won’t miss many episodes if you do all these.
Could you see a civilisation going to war to capture a Matrioska Brain?
Point of contention: adding iron will not kill a star! Since our sun has most of the mass of our solar system, it therefore already has most of the iron in it as well. Iron56 and Nickel56 represent the line where fusion stops giving energy and starts taking it. Conversely this is also the line where fission starts giving energy. But the iron line is a dead zone for radiation pressure, which allows the star’s gravity to win. Also all the energy from a supernova comes from the outer layers of that star not the core; the core is actually absorbing energy and converting it back into mass as it becomes a neutron star
Describing the channel to a friend, "think big... NO BIGGER!"
Question - what happens with a star in a binary star system when one goes supernova? Does it get ripped apart or does is survive?
Brilliant, more please.
The illustration of an onion star made me ponder. How does a star smell? Can you figure out it's composition, not just by emitted radiation, but by physically sniffing the atoms that come from it?
There are several types of supernova. Type Ia, famous for use as a standard candle, does not involve a dying onion-like star at all, but a white dwarf.
Your illustration matches the picture and description of the _first_ example of Core Collapse on Wikipedia, the first of 4. The other three do not have iron cores.
(The other three cases are Electron Capture in a degenerate O+Ne+Mg core, Photodisintegration, and Pair Production). The degenerate core case is thought to be the most common. So, you present as if "this is a supernova" but it's just one subtype of one type and not even a common one at that.
Wow, 2 minutes. Probably my record for catching YT video :)
Also I find it a bit amusing that a few weeks ago we got announcement for new Stellaris DLC with starkilling being a feature...
Thaw Tint's AI crab overlords will love this.
This might be a dumb question, but considering neutrinos are weakly interacting, are they unaffected enough by gravity to be able to escape the gravitational pull of a Black hole?
Don't quote me on this, but I'm pretty sure neutrinos still interact with gravity like normal particles. The same way that gamma rays are affected by gravity the same way that radio waves are, since all particles are affected by the gravitational force. A particle doesn't really "interact" with gravity, but rather falls into the nearest gravity well. And as far as I know every particle is universally affected by this.
@@ronathanwan1269 i think i get it, havent really read a lot on neutrinos. Though, considering that they weakly interract, could they escape the gravity of a Black hole easier than a photon could? This is the part that feels like a dumb question
@@sandhornoy No not quite. The escape velocity of a Black Hole (beyond the event horizon) is beyond _c_ so no particle that moves at _c_ or less can escape it. The sheer curvature of spacetime is so extreme that all paths lead to the "singularity". Neutrinos have negligible mass and move essentially at _c_ . As far we we know, _c_ is the natural speed for massless particles (ex: photons), so even massless particles are influenced by the curvature of spacetime and follow the path laid out by that curvature. Unless there are particles that aren't influenced by the warping of space, then I doubt anything could escape once crossing the event horizon.
I opened RUclips, I saw this, and was instantly interested.
This is a major plot point of the game "Outer Wilds" excellent indie game.
Please talk about Bobiverse please talk about Bobiverse please talk about Bobiverse....
Being a cyborg, I need power, not snacks. I brought my deuterium and fusion cells.
What about your biological parts? Don’t they need snacks? I apologize if this seems like an obvious question, as an android, I’ve never had to deal with such things.
Dude, I love your content.
Thank you for your work!
Dear Isaac, at some point could you address the great filter problem of alien's destroying themselves, but with time scales being what they are, shouldn't intelligent life re-emerge there .5 - 1 billion years later? So that shouldn't negate intelligent life, we should still see it regardless....
He did a video on Cyclical Civilisations which sort of addresses that and intelligent life isn't a given anywho, on top of the rest of the filters still applying to whatever reemerged.
Oh yeah, nova bombs. That is going to be fun.
Yey i LOVE this channel. It’s the main reasons I come here. Podcast is great but added pics and videos make it all the better
Have you ever done a show on gas toruses? As seen in Larry Niven’s “The Integral Trees” and “The Smoke Rings”.
Toruses aren't stable, it needs something big in the middle i.e. like rings around a planet.
@@medexamtoolscom If memory serves, Niven’s novels have the torus orbiting a white dwarf supernova remnant.
Exploding stars, transporting stars, dismantling stars, harvesting stars........ typical discussion on this channel 👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼❤️🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣