"God created the world in seven days, and, on the eight day, he called Pantone to put color into it" has the same vibes as, "God created Man. Colt made man equal."
I’ve been going to school for digital archives, and we had a whole unit on how to ensure that our scanners accurately replicate colors and how to calibrate them. There was A LOT of “take care of your calibration reference sheet because you’re probably going to be working at an underfunded public institution and replacing it will probably blow your budget for the year.”
As someone who’s been in the industrial/manufacturing printing industry for nearly 20 years Pantone is a double-edged sword. I’ve worked on printing equipment from flexography to digital. Using hand mixed ink to apply onto aluminum cans at 2200 cans a minute to digitally controlled print heads to print on paper at 1000 feet a minute. The end-company uses Pantone as a weapon to hold you accountable to match pre-approved standard’s within certain tolerances within the gamut. We use scanners that digitally read the color and it compares to the targeted color ‘window’. However the end-company refuses to buy their own scanners and uses the naked eye to compare then they complain and then ask for discounts on their production runs.
@@Aoskar95these are ginormous global consumer brands. It’s the lowly junior level sales people scheming & playing the game. We are also a big big player in the packaging industry, the game comes & goes. We just do what we can to match 100%. It’s more that they don’t purchase the scanner equipment for each facility we send products too. So that makes it a shot call by the colorblind hourly QC tech a 3am when they process our stuff at their facility. Proper lighting is a whole different beast they don’t consider either.
Add a step to your process: After printing, pull spectro readings on the chips in your book and the print run, log them on a form, and have them signed by someone and dated. That will *probably* scare off people like that. Make sure the form notes when your books were bought.
I work in print and Pantone makes life so much easier Instead of a 1kb thumbnail from some russian website with a specific red I just say pick from Pantone colours and I'll print it for ya
@@FrozenDungPantone is just a swatch palette that does nothing but add names to specific colors. The thing that makes it work are color models, with CIELAB being industry standard. Then you need color management software to actually provide accurate printing (along with a scanner to get printing data via test charts). You also have to make sure colors are in gamut, so you can actually print them, otherwise finding a good alternative (done with color management tools, using color models like CIELAB). All Pantone does is "protect" people from the "scary" numbers that actually define the color in relation to other colors, and provide a way to measure them. TLDR: If your color knowledge is limited to Pantone, you're not going to accurately print the colors you want. If you have the knowledge needed to accurately print colors, Pantone is just an unnecessary extra step.
About 15 years ago I was driving a truck for a courier company. One of our clients wanted me to pick up 13 pallets of parts that they had just sub contracted out to be painted and bring them back to them. The parts were for John Deere. When I got to the location, I called the guy and told him the parts weren't right and asked him what I should do. Technically it wasn't my problem, but they were good clients and I wanted to do right by them. The color was _obviously_ not John Deere green. He told me that it wasnt just 13 pallets, the whole order was not like 50 pallets of parts. I just got 13 because that is all that fit in my truck. Unfortunately for them, the only company capable of stripping the powder coating in time for them to make their deadline was clear on the other side of the city. Probably a 40 mile drive. I spent all week ferrying John Deere parts from the powder coater to the furnace, to the powder coater, and back to our client. I probably made like $4000 on just that one screw up. Haha. Thanks for coming toy Ted talk.
The reason that Pantone can have a color gambit that is bigger than RGB or CMYK is that you can print things with either process colors which are CMYK, or you can use a spot color where the ink is formulated specifically for that color. When it’s really important to have the exact color the printing might actually have CMYK process colors plus additional channels for a spot color that would be specified by Pantone. This works because the pigments in the CMYK process inks have certain characteristics and only mix so well, but if you’re making a spot color you have all kinds of pigments that you can use to make that color exactly perfect.
Also why hexchrome was all the rage a number of years ago. Adding orange and green to the mix greatly increased process gamut. How the halftone dots are created (dot gain) can have a significant impact on color. Finally, every color expert's nemesis - metamerism. How colors can appear the same or different depending on the conditions. A big trap for all you young players - a D50 light source is not 'daylight'. Wish Sam would properly displayed the color charts - which are three dimensional. Actually three axis - R-G, B-Y, light-dark. It's not how most people think of with RGB. Hence CIE L*a*b space can be so useful. It better matches human perception.
Often, if you inspect the (box) packaging for various products you can find a row of color swatches they used to print the branding onto the box which includes the base CMYK plus a few spot colors -- for example, if the box is primarily red, CMYK "red" is a compound color so instead a spot red is used when printing.
In archaeology (and maybe other fields) there are Munsell books for identifying the color of soil. So very similar idea for a very similar price point, but for only “dirty” colors
@@cooperised in Germany all firetrucks for example are in RAL 3000 "Fire red" or RAL 3020 "Traffic red". This is normed. The latter is also used on most German trains operated by our national carrier DB. (They suck, but the trains look nice imo)
@@ilvittore2544 I'm in the UK but I'm much more familiar with RAL than with Pantone, it's the standard here too. Like my house gutters are RAL9005 for example.
Monitor colors may vary on uncalibrated screens, but the 6 letter hex code for a color is that exact 24 bit color. If you want even higher color precision high end professional monitors offer 30 bit color giving over 1 billion possible colors, 8 letter hex code
Pantone's system is more complicated. The hex-codes are for convenience, but it's more about having ways to calibrate displays and printers to make sure those codes are always displayed consistently between devices.
Pantone says they are to make sure those specific colors are as accurate as possible on any media from various screens to various material types and finishes. It's not about having reproducibility as a number, it's about how it's _perceived._
The thing is that Pantone is basically the calibration system. Not just for monitors, but for everything. LTT has a nice video on their large collection of plastic swatches. Because Pantone doesn't just have paper books. They also have trays of coloured plastic, as well as nylon and cotton. And some other stuff as well I think. So say you want to make a plastic cup with a specific colour. You look through all the coloured plastic bits, and pick one you like the most. You then tell your manufacturer that's what you want. They then need to have the same set, and can tweak their printer or colour mixer to match it exactly, even though the hexcode input might not match. Because each printer or colour mixer will give you a slightly different colour for the exact same hexcode.
@@ferretyluv The hex is short for hexadecimal. The codes are written in base sixteen. An eight-character hex code is still hex, it just has an extra color channel in. Usually that extra channel specifies transparency. You don't often see octal used these days. It was important in the early days of computing, but not so much now. Only place I've seen it still hang on is POSIX file permissions.
I remember in my high school art class that if you had a black background & random lines or spots of every color on the color wheel spread out on it, our eyes typically are drawn to yellow 1st then red 2nd. This is why most fast food places use either yellow & red or orange as their logos since it draws the eyes of people in quickly when they're driving.
My school is so proud that Lawrence Herbert went there that they named the school of communications after him and put those swatches all over the outside of the building
The video does a good job explaining how Pantone is used on the consumer end, ex you can specify a color you want and tell your printer or digital designer or whoever to match that color. That's only half the process, and generally not the folks that will buy swatch books. At the printing end, every machine prints a little differently, and also varies when printing on different materials. the coffee mugs at the end are almost a real thing. I've got several at the shop that have a grid of squares with CMYK values bumped by one point in each square, used to calibrate the printer to the Pantone.
Imagine using a color in the color wheel pick or whatever that named, use it on your art, and get a cease and desist letter because nitendo owns the right and now youre 1 million in debt
Love it when clients can't accept that the bright, neon colour they've chosen on screen can't be replicated by a standard digital printer using CMYK. And it's common from graphic designers these days too because so many are only learning about designing for screen, and not for print, but they still expect the same visuals in print without paying for it through the use of the premium inks and equipment required.
There's also a non-profit called RAL in Germany who does the same or similar thing to Pantone, the problem is that their swatches are also expensive. So it's not just because Pantone wants to make a lot of money only, but also colour is hard to reproduce on different materials and places
If you want a perspective of working without Pantone, buy one monitor that is an IPS display and another that is a TN panel. Try to make your designs look the same on both. Notice any inconsistencies? If you can't get something to look the same on both your monitors, you can safely assume that anyone else's monitor won't display your art in the exact same way, since the average user doesn't have precisely colour calibrated displays. My solution as an artist is to adjust my work until it looks good on both my monitors, and assume that it'll probably look good for most people, whose monitor probably sits somewhere between my two.
The artist Stuart Semple occasionally sells paints on his website designed to mimic the trademarked colours of a few companies (eg Tiffany) that have been seen as over-aggressively defending their colour trademarks to the detriment of art and artists. Same guy that responded to Anish Kapoor's exclusive licence to Vantablack by inventing an even blacker paint and selling it cheaply to anyone who wants it _except_ Anish Kapoor.
There's something to correct in this video. Pantone is not "world's color authority". The closest thing we have is the CIE (International Comission on Illumination).
Fun fact: They also made an optional Color Sensor for the Thinkpad X-series laptops. Located on the right Palmrest, It was touted to improve the screen color accuracy
Yes, I had it and it was crap. It totally destroyed the colors. I use a properly calibrated monitor now. Calibration with a probe and takes about 15 minutes.
This was such an interesting video to see. I work in printing and we use the Pantone colors. It’s so tedious to deal with sometimes and it’s crazy how many colors are pretty much the exact same
This probably involves reasons I'm just not aware of, but....I couldn't care less if a brand's colour is slightly off over time or in different locations. It feels like something that made sense to someone in a business meeting but has little relation to actual life to me. My eyes aren't getting calibrated or regularly checked against a reference sample, so why do products need to be?
There are plenty of reasons. The easiest one would be trademark. Which, unlike patent, doesn't have expirations but has validations. If your use of mark is inconsistent, you can't establish familiarity, which is the basis for a valid mark. If somebody somewhere apply the mark more consistently than you; they can invalidate your mark and took it as their own. Since mark is (theoretically) eternal, maintaining it is actually far cheaper than foregoing quality control and risk losing your brand. To give a simple examples, I know for a fact that someone who aren't blind will see fanta orange or facebook blue as I did. Basing brand this way (on color consistency) is easier by nature of our species. Although some brands prefer the use of typography (so they can have more color options for their products) and make do with its limitations.
I have show, i have had whole college physic classes on color, ink and light. Then if you are feeling a little daring, you go into colors of different ink/paint from different colors of light.
So there's a whole industry around the effot of having the "correct color for our customers" that my colorblind eyes basically bypasses completely every day? Interesting
I use an extension (called DeArrow) that swaps out video titles for non-clickbait ones. It says "Explaining the importance of Pantone's Color classification system". There are no surprises any more
I worked for Ricoh on large inkjet printers (specifically the InfoPrint 5000) and had to become an expert in color, color spaces and gametts. But I was a novice compared to the PhDs that did the math on this (insanely complicated). I never understood Pantone despite working in industry (I just remember working my ass off the match it). This was an excellent explanation.
Pantone is actually quite affordable when looking at industry standardization and calibration. $250 is much cheaper than $1000 caliper from mitutoyo or anything made by Fluke
The question is does Sam care enough about HAI's colors to have the Pantone numbers? I don't really want to know because that would make it more interesting than I really need it to be. Though half as energy sounds like a great nighttime drink. A little bit of energy to get you through the last few hours before you go to bed, then it wears off in a not so interesting way.
With some new knowledge, I don't really see CMYK as a subset of RGB anymore. Basically CMYK has a huge range of very dark colors that can't be represented in RGB, and the brightness of CMYK is arbitrary so the RGB value can also vary. There's really no way to know the exact color any CMYK value would represent so when designing, it's either matching the samples or make a few guesses.
The colour range Sam mentioned in the video was specifically gamut, which describes range. You could quite reasonably argue that CMYK has better resolution/distinguishing power between given shades within its gamut compared to RGB, but it's definitely got a narrower gamut.
@@bosstowndynamics5488 yes, but my point is that displaying CMYK color is a harder task than it sounds like, even though its gamut is quite narrow. Also, given that CMYK doesn't specify the property of the paper it's printed on, or the light that illuminates the paper, or the blocking spectrum of a specific pigment in use, it's well possible that a specific CMYK value can yield a color that's beyond the spectrum of RGB (or sRGB at least). It's just that we usually assume some commonly used paper being used under sunlight when talking about CMYK. Anything else is harder to deal with.
@@FlameRat_YehLon ok, but you framed it as a correction to the video, when the video specified gamut and you're describing other aspects of colour reproduction
@@bosstowndynamics5488 well, maybe I was correcting on the aspect that wasn't intended to be discussed in the video all along. You are right, the video is probably just about the gamut, but giving that both CMYK and Pantone color are about designing with the color not reproducible (or at least couldn't reproduce well) on an RGB display, I thought that I should make the correction that the gamut comparison doesn't make a good representation of what can be displayed accurately and what not, especially since that (CMYK's full gamut falls inside sRGB so sRGB can display CMYK's full color range as long as the display is calibrated) was my wrong assumption in the past so I hope that more people are aware of it.
It's not that CMYK itself isn't reproducable on screens accurately, it's that physical printing and screens simply have different physics for showing the colors. CMYK is just used for 4/4 printing. That's it. You will get way more varying results trying to print something in RGB and letting the printer convert the colors. That's why you use CMYK to assign the specific values to get an accurate result. Pantone does not use these 4 inks, they use their own mixture.
Instead of "RGB", I presume you meant to say "sRGB". There is more than one RGB colorspace and each has its own gamut. For example: sRGB/BT.709, Adobe RGB, DCI-P3, BT.2020. When you say that a device can only produce "1/3 of the colors the human eye can perceive", it again looks like you are presuming an sRGB device (though I'm not sure where that "1/3" number came from - there are many ways to quantify coverage ratios between colorspaces/gamuts). But nowadays there are many so-called "wide-gamut" devices out there that can produce a much larger gamut, often close to DCI-P3. In particular, most HDR devices are also wide-gamut devices, mostly because HDR video specs allow for larger gamuts (up to BT.2020). The fundamental reason why a printed color will generally not look the same as a color on a display has less to do with additive vs. subtractive and more to do with the fact that displays produce their own light, which means they will produce the same color stimuli regardless of ambient illumination; that is not true of a print, which merely reflects ambient light and is therefore affected by it. To be able to accurately compare ("proof") colors between display and paper, you'd have to control for the illuminant of the ambient light (e.g. specify that the print has to be looked at under a D50 illuminant). And of course you have to control for luminance too.
I'm pretty confident he meant sRGB, on the basis that sRGB is still very much the default RGB colour space both for general discussions about colour spaces and a lot of consumer hardware. Even if a monitor technically supports a wider gamut many are configured to default to sRGB just as a known good configuration without knowing the user's graphics settings, and HDR is still pretty spotty for streaming services
@@arottedfruit the reason you pirate them is because it’s a great system. The PMS is the most popular. I don’t like Pantone the business. The recent licensing issues they had with Adobe highlight the major flaws of both companies.
@@arottedfruit You cannot physically or metaphorically pirate Pantone as they are physical paints mixed for you. All you need to do is tell the print house which paint you want them to use. Which you need a physical color reference fan for, usually. Good luck pirating either. If you're talking about the plugin, I'm very confident you cannot pirate that anyway. The plugin is also just for convenience, nothing more.
4:27 I gotta ask isn't everything in this frame what rgb can show? Like my screen is in rgb so doesn't that mean those colors CAN be shown in rgb, so the way the rgb cut off is shown doesn't stop making sense?
@@TheWorldsLargestOven Yeah, like the full color wheel shown in that part is being rendered through a RGB screen, which means RGB can show those colors
A few errors: An LCD monitor valued in the hundreds can almost never be calibrated accurately so shouldn’t be used to match to, thus cannot be relied upon for any type of reference. There are Pantone color systems for all types of medium, not just print; textiles for one, and they don’t match nor are numbered like the print books you are referring to. There are many other color matching systems out there as well: RAL for powder coatings, Matthews for paint. However the video was largely accurate and stayed on point.
That's because there are only seven colors with a name. Do a google image search for "colors men vs women". I mean common: banana is a fruit, not a color.
ah, at around 5:46 it's not sowing the correct color as macos will color pick after it has translated the pixel to it's display's color profile, so the result of the color picker is legitimately a /different/ color from the one that is being displayed. on top of that, the color show /by/ the color picker will then go through the translation to the color profile a second time, so it won't look the same either!
Even more artists Linkin Park:electric black AKB48:sweet pink Shakira:world cup medal gold Sabrina Carpenter:chocolate Camila Cabello:Havana blue and Havana gold Little Mix:Cotton candy,Blue slushie,Apple taffy and Very cherry Charli XCX:lime green BTS:rainbow(ROYGBIV) Selena Gomez:deep heather Adele:mystic maroon Lana Del Ray:boring gray Billie Eilish:the colors of death Avril Lavigne:bubblegum Britney Spears:pure white(snow) Mariah Carey:Christmas red NSYNC:Lego Sand blue,red,violet and green(Justin is yellow) Radiohead:Octarine Doja Cat:red devil Ed Sheeran:denim and ginger The Weeknd:Saturday Night Blue Hello Project:pink and sky blue Me:all of the colors above mixed together(farts) And now for some random people Lionel Messi:Gray Pubic(light blue) Kamala Harris:Dondarf(navy blue) Adolf Hitler:Rerete Green(red) Neymar:Caillou's shirt yellow NEYMAR LOOKS LIKE CAILLOU😂😂😂
I use the RAL K7 (RAL CLASSIC) swatch, as I can order RAL colors exactly by it. Funny thing: the buses in London are Pantone 485 (according to this video) and the buses (and trolleybuses and trams) in Bratislava are RAL 3020. The conversion table for Pantone 485 claims two RAL colors to be "identical": RAL 2002 and RAL 3020. So you see, there are more standards than Pantone. RAL 3020 is also used on Firefighter trucks here in Central Europe, as well as Rolling stock of some Raiolway operators. No wonder it is called "Traffic Red".
Love your content. Almost always very fascinating. Definitely well thought out and well written. Thank you. Now can you consider muting or excluding the conflicting background music/noise that you and so many more think is good or beneficial or necessary. To be honest, I don't know what you are thinking by coming up with great content, and then purposely attempting to drown it out with noise that is completely irrelevant for the subjects being displayed or spoken about. ESPN, most major studios that produce documentaries or true crime shows, and other content creators seem to feel it is needed to add background music or effects for the sole purpose of competing with the professional commentator or narrator. Even in mainstream films, there is an obsessive use of background noise, like a continuous hum, that sounds like an effort to reproduce tinnitus. Your content is too good to be doing this. Maybe you are catering to overstimulated or broken brains. I would argue that the people like me who consume your content regularly are not the "10 seconds is too much" content drones you may be catering too. But rather the kind of people who seek knowledge for entertainment, much like what you produce here. I am usually listening intently to you, but find that most of my time now is distracted by the incessant and unnecessary background music. Sound effects can enhance a production. Music, when used to emphasize content on the screen (think great soundtracks like "Dazed and Confused", "Forrest Gump", or "Pulp Fiction", or great scores like "Jaws" or "Star Wars"), can elevate the experience dramatically. That is definitely not what you are doing here. Thank you.
7:53 "generate enough sweet dollars that we can... Y'know, eat." Love Sam & HAI, but do not love Sam insinuating that hes a 'struggling young person who barely makes enough to eat' (reminiscent of 'fellow kids' type stuff) when Sam is worth an estimated $27 million
You fundamentally misunderstand what's happening. Physical prints cannot use hex codes. Printers either have 4 inks they mix; CMYK or specified spot color inks; pantone, ral etc. If you do ise an rgb color and print it, the printer will convert it to cmyk for you. This however is unreliable. Hex codes are meaningless for physical printing lol
@@TunaIRL , given that printers work just fine and there exists a conversion for RGB to CMYK, as you said yourself, they are obviously not "meaningless". I'm not misunderstanding at all. The slight difference in hue (that may or may not even be there) is just not enough to care about. Granted, I'm a programmer, so I only really work with screens anyway, but, when I do print, the colors show just fine. It really isn't something to be so uptight about.
pantone and RAL things liker plastic dyes fabric dyes paints powder coatings and printing presses basically they are for making physical goods have the same color no matter which factory you go to
Funny, second time this Week i see a Video closely related to my final Exams. Had to deal with the Colour Systems (RGB, CMYK) and the Pantone Colours for a Practical Exam on Monday and had to explain these on the follow up Oral Exam on Tuesday.
Correction: "Your screen being off" is grey because screens cant't completely block light while on, but there are some standards that do that like OLED, LED and special blacklights that dim a matrix depending on how light it is to try to simulate black.
How does Internet exist without power as that something that I like to know as seem that two related yet you can have internet using only battery backup for long as battery last as I know two are separate when going to most home but do need power to have internet be active. So how can you have Internet access with a blackout.
![BLACK BAG - Official Trailer [HD] - Only in Theaters March 14](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Du0Xp8WX_7I/mqdefault.jpg)
"God created the world in seven days, and, on the eight day, he called Pantone to put color into it" has the same vibes as, "God created Man. Colt made man equal."
...and then the Nagant brothers made some more equal than others
And then Oppenheimer gave the finger to God
Yes it's another CEO putting their own narcissistic spin on famous quotes.
and on the third day, god created the remington bolt-action rifle
who tf is colt
I’ve been going to school for digital archives, and we had a whole unit on how to ensure that our scanners accurately replicate colors and how to calibrate them. There was A LOT of “take care of your calibration reference sheet because you’re probably going to be working at an underfunded public institution and replacing it will probably blow your budget for the year.”
As someone who’s been in the industrial/manufacturing printing industry for nearly 20 years Pantone is a double-edged sword. I’ve worked on printing equipment from flexography to digital. Using hand mixed ink to apply onto aluminum cans at 2200 cans a minute to digitally controlled print heads to print on paper at 1000 feet a minute.
The end-company uses Pantone as a weapon to hold you accountable to match pre-approved standard’s within certain tolerances within the gamut. We use scanners that digitally read the color and it compares to the targeted color ‘window’. However the end-company refuses to buy their own scanners and uses the naked eye to compare then they complain and then ask for discounts on their production runs.
Wow, they are just trolling you for a discount! Everyone perceives colour slightly differently than the person next to them. 😮
Stop doing business with them. If they can't even bother with a ISO-9000 cert, they aren't taking their business seriously
@@Aoskar95these are ginormous global consumer brands. It’s the lowly junior level sales people scheming & playing the game. We are also a big big player in the packaging industry, the game comes & goes. We just do what we can to match 100%. It’s more that they don’t purchase the scanner equipment for each facility we send products too. So that makes it a shot call by the colorblind hourly QC tech a 3am when they process our stuff at their facility. Proper lighting is a whole different beast they don’t consider either.
No way your parents named you Michael Michael
Add a step to your process:
After printing, pull spectro readings on the chips in your book and the print run, log them on a form, and have them signed by someone and dated. That will *probably* scare off people like that.
Make sure the form notes when your books were bought.
That mug you made was actually kind of cool. Pop a flat piece of clear plastic on the broken half so that it holds liquid and I think it would sell.
or cut it horizontally instead
@@JSG4361no, then you would just have a small soup bowl
where
sorry, sponsor block skipped the sponsor part
Maybe food safe plexiglass?
I'm surprised you didn't mention how Adobe requires a separate subscription to use Pantone palettes in their programs
it's always morally correct...
@@gamecubeplayeryar har matey
@@some-replies Translate to English -> "Yar har matey" = "is a little late"
i always thought that was pantone's requirement
@@gamecubeplayer to PIRATE!!! YAARRGH
These half as interesting videos are getting longer. Three quarters as interesting.
😂 ouch!
it becomes more interesting, doesn't it? 😂
@@Jinhaijnew more interesting channel confirmed
Three fifths as interesting doesn't have the same ring to it.
Oh no! If they keep that trend going the videos could become fully interesting!
Seen something really pink? RIP in peace Tom Scott's weekly uploads.
@TripmineProductions frfr eternal peace lmao
@TripmineProductions smh my head
SMH my head
he still uploads his weekly newsletter. I get it every week on.
@@sirBrouwer You get his weekly newsletter every week?
Once you've spent 2 minutes doing anything with color, you can easily guess by the title it's gonna be pantone
I work in print and Pantone makes life so much easier
Instead of a 1kb thumbnail from some russian website with a specific red I just say pick from Pantone colours and I'll print it for ya
@@FrozenDung exactly. It makes life so much easier.
@@FrozenDungPantone is just a swatch palette that does nothing but add names to specific colors. The thing that makes it work are color models, with CIELAB being industry standard. Then you need color management software to actually provide accurate printing (along with a scanner to get printing data via test charts).
You also have to make sure colors are in gamut, so you can actually print them, otherwise finding a good alternative (done with color management tools, using color models like CIELAB).
All Pantone does is "protect" people from the "scary" numbers that actually define the color in relation to other colors, and provide a way to measure them.
TLDR: If your color knowledge is limited to Pantone, you're not going to accurately print the colors you want. If you have the knowledge needed to accurately print colors, Pantone is just an unnecessary extra step.
digital artists would like to ask you to consider the meaning of "anything"
About 15 years ago I was driving a truck for a courier company. One of our clients wanted me to pick up 13 pallets of parts that they had just sub contracted out to be painted and bring them back to them. The parts were for John Deere.
When I got to the location, I called the guy and told him the parts weren't right and asked him what I should do. Technically it wasn't my problem, but they were good clients and I wanted to do right by them. The color was _obviously_ not John Deere green.
He told me that it wasnt just 13 pallets, the whole order was not like 50 pallets of parts. I just got 13 because that is all that fit in my truck.
Unfortunately for them, the only company capable of stripping the powder coating in time for them to make their deadline was clear on the other side of the city. Probably a 40 mile drive. I spent all week ferrying John Deere parts from the powder coater to the furnace, to the powder coater, and back to our client.
I probably made like $4000 on just that one screw up. Haha.
Thanks for coming toy Ted talk.
The reason that Pantone can have a color gambit that is bigger than RGB or CMYK is that you can print things with either process colors which are CMYK, or you can use a spot color where the ink is formulated specifically for that color. When it’s really important to have the exact color the printing might actually have CMYK process colors plus additional channels for a spot color that would be specified by Pantone. This works because the pigments in the CMYK process inks have certain characteristics and only mix so well, but if you’re making a spot color you have all kinds of pigments that you can use to make that color exactly perfect.
(Gamut, not gambit)
ah yes the queen's gamut
Also why hexchrome was all the rage a number of years ago. Adding orange and green to the mix greatly increased process gamut. How the halftone dots are created (dot gain) can have a significant impact on color. Finally, every color expert's nemesis - metamerism. How colors can appear the same or different depending on the conditions. A big trap for all you young players - a D50 light source is not 'daylight'.
Wish Sam would properly displayed the color charts - which are three dimensional. Actually three axis - R-G, B-Y, light-dark. It's not how most people think of with RGB. Hence CIE L*a*b space can be so useful. It better matches human perception.
I was wondering how Pantone's gamut could be bigger than CMYK, but you've explained it. Thanks!
Often, if you inspect the (box) packaging for various products you can find a row of color swatches they used to print the branding onto the box which includes the base CMYK plus a few spot colors -- for example, if the box is primarily red, CMYK "red" is a compound color so instead a spot red is used when printing.
In archaeology (and maybe other fields) there are Munsell books for identifying the color of soil. So very similar idea for a very similar price point, but for only “dirty” colors
Munsell Values are used by the Japan Paint Manufacturers Association as a reference color to their JPMA Standard Paint Colors.
3:00 That's basically how the board game Hues and Cues works.
Id bet a fiver that’s what he had in mind when using that graphics.
"Ask manufacturer to print books in exact shade of blue" - As a person how work several years in printhouses I'd say: Hahahaha, good luck with those!
Especially for blue (or purple)! 😅
I suggest to switch to RAL colours.
RAL is a non profit organisation, based in Germany and widely recognised in industry applications
That sounds awesome
I was going to ask how Pantone relates to RAL. Thanks!
@@cooperised in Germany all firetrucks for example are in RAL 3000 "Fire red" or RAL 3020 "Traffic red". This is normed. The latter is also used on most German trains operated by our national carrier DB. (They suck, but the trains look nice imo)
@@ilvittore2544 I'm in the UK but I'm much more familiar with RAL than with Pantone, it's the standard here too. Like my house gutters are RAL9005 for example.
How do they print the swatches?
Monitor colors may vary on uncalibrated screens, but the 6 letter hex code for a color is that exact 24 bit color.
If you want even higher color precision high end professional monitors offer 30 bit color giving over 1 billion possible colors, 8 letter hex code
Pantone's system is more complicated. The hex-codes are for convenience, but it's more about having ways to calibrate displays and printers to make sure those codes are always displayed consistently between devices.
Pantone says they are to make sure those specific colors are as accurate as possible on any media from various screens to various material types and finishes. It's not about having reproducibility as a number, it's about how it's _perceived._
The thing is that Pantone is basically the calibration system. Not just for monitors, but for everything. LTT has a nice video on their large collection of plastic swatches. Because Pantone doesn't just have paper books. They also have trays of coloured plastic, as well as nylon and cotton. And some other stuff as well I think. So say you want to make a plastic cup with a specific colour. You look through all the coloured plastic bits, and pick one you like the most. You then tell your manufacturer that's what you want. They then need to have the same set, and can tweak their printer or colour mixer to match it exactly, even though the hexcode input might not match. Because each printer or colour mixer will give you a slightly different colour for the exact same hexcode.
If it’s 8 letters then it’s not a hex code anymore, it’s an oct code.
@@ferretyluv The hex is short for hexadecimal. The codes are written in base sixteen.
An eight-character hex code is still hex, it just has an extra color channel in. Usually that extra channel specifies transparency.
You don't often see octal used these days. It was important in the early days of computing, but not so much now. Only place I've seen it still hang on is POSIX file permissions.
I remember in my high school art class that if you had a black background & random lines or spots of every color on the color wheel spread out on it, our eyes typically are drawn to yellow 1st then red 2nd. This is why most fast food places use either yellow & red or orange as their logos since it draws the eyes of people in quickly when they're driving.
I have been told that is also the reason that firefighting equipment is painted either red or yellow.
& why the HAI logo is yellow
That's also why I pee either red or yellow
Probably why cones are orange. Yellow and red.
Red and yellow in nature are also signs of poison or dangerous plants and animals. Probably a holdover from our ancestors
the editing on these videos is getting dangerously good, at this rate it’s going to have to be called two-thirds as interesting
My school is so proud that Lawrence Herbert went there that they named the school of communications after him and put those swatches all over the outside of the building
Roll Pride
Hi Sam!
Amy did good work reviewing all the rod and cone cells in every person's eyes so she could write this script. She deservers a raise!
Found Amy’s alt account.
"In case you were wondering , the BBC-approved TARDIS Blue is Pantone 2955C."
I'd never heard of Pantone till I found that meme.
I learned about Pantone from adult swim.
that's some timey-wimey stuff...
not a meme.
The video does a good job explaining how Pantone is used on the consumer end, ex you can specify a color you want and tell your printer or digital designer or whoever to match that color. That's only half the process, and generally not the folks that will buy swatch books. At the printing end, every machine prints a little differently, and also varies when printing on different materials. the coffee mugs at the end are almost a real thing. I've got several at the shop that have a grid of squares with CMYK values bumped by one point in each square, used to calibrate the printer to the Pantone.
Imagine using a color in the color wheel pick or whatever that named, use it on your art, and get a cease and desist letter because nitendo owns the right and now youre 1 million in debt
The eyeball deadlifting color wheels was amazing
Love it when clients can't accept that the bright, neon colour they've chosen on screen can't be replicated by a standard digital printer using CMYK. And it's common from graphic designers these days too because so many are only learning about designing for screen, and not for print, but they still expect the same visuals in print without paying for it through the use of the premium inks and equipment required.
Never realized just how crucial Pantone's role is in maintaining brand consistency through colors. Imagine a world without it.
There's also a non-profit called RAL in Germany who does the same or similar thing to Pantone, the problem is that their swatches are also expensive. So it's not just because Pantone wants to make a lot of money only, but also colour is hard to reproduce on different materials and places
I feel strangely called out.
3:07 there's actually a board game, it's called hues and cues. it is more fun than you might think
Dude this was fantastic. As an amateur graphic designer, I've never fully understood the hows and whys until this. Great job as usual.
If you want a perspective of working without Pantone, buy one monitor that is an IPS display and another that is a TN panel. Try to make your designs look the same on both. Notice any inconsistencies? If you can't get something to look the same on both your monitors, you can safely assume that anyone else's monitor won't display your art in the exact same way, since the average user doesn't have precisely colour calibrated displays. My solution as an artist is to adjust my work until it looks good on both my monitors, and assume that it'll probably look good for most people, whose monitor probably sits somewhere between my two.
Been watching you for years. The 3 second "half as mug" bit was one of the funniest things I've seen in a while.
The artist Stuart Semple occasionally sells paints on his website designed to mimic the trademarked colours of a few companies (eg Tiffany) that have been seen as over-aggressively defending their colour trademarks to the detriment of art and artists. Same guy that responded to Anish Kapoor's exclusive licence to Vantablack by inventing an even blacker paint and selling it cheaply to anyone who wants it _except_ Anish Kapoor.
4:07 rip to everyone watching this at night
Pantone isn't the only color standard. There's also RAL which is popular in Europe and Munsell which is used in Japan.
Actually RAL is mandatory when conducting business with government entities in the EU.
barely doing consulting and showing the clip at 7:59 is too good of a joke
There's something to correct in this video. Pantone is not "world's color authority". The closest thing we have is the CIE (International Comission on Illumination).
Fun fact: They also made an optional Color Sensor for the Thinkpad X-series laptops. Located on the right Palmrest, It was touted to improve the screen color accuracy
Yes, I had it and it was crap. It totally destroyed the colors. I use a properly calibrated monitor now. Calibration with a probe and takes about 15 minutes.
I hope the van at 7:01 secured the lumber in the back
3:01 half as Amy inventing a genuinely fun new nerdy date night activity
Update: can confirm, this is actually a pretty fun date night activity :D
7:49 was on point 🤣🤣
This was such an interesting video to see. I work in printing and we use the Pantone colors. It’s so tedious to deal with sometimes and it’s crazy how many colors are pretty much the exact same
This probably involves reasons I'm just not aware of, but....I couldn't care less if a brand's colour is slightly off over time or in different locations. It feels like something that made sense to someone in a business meeting but has little relation to actual life to me. My eyes aren't getting calibrated or regularly checked against a reference sample, so why do products need to be?
+1 for using "couldn't care less" correctly, instead of "could care less" which makes no sense.
There are plenty of reasons.
The easiest one would be trademark. Which, unlike patent, doesn't have expirations but has validations. If your use of mark is inconsistent, you can't establish familiarity, which is the basis for a valid mark. If somebody somewhere apply the mark more consistently than you; they can invalidate your mark and took it as their own. Since mark is (theoretically) eternal, maintaining it is actually far cheaper than foregoing quality control and risk losing your brand.
To give a simple examples, I know for a fact that someone who aren't blind will see fanta orange or facebook blue as I did.
Basing brand this way (on color consistency) is easier by nature of our species. Although some brands prefer the use of typography (so they can have more color options for their products) and make do with its limitations.
I have show, i have had whole college physic classes on color, ink and light. Then if you are feeling a little daring, you go into colors of different ink/paint from different colors of light.
3:13
There’s literally a whole board game called hues and cues about this
Most food packaging show the used ink colors as little squares on the side. It's usually CMYK plus one or more pantone colors for the logo.
So there's a whole industry around the effot of having the "correct color for our customers" that my colorblind eyes basically bypasses completely every day? Interesting
Its for a lot of other reasons too. A color system simply makes the process easier for everyone.
@@TunaIRL I understood ^^
They don't own the colors, they own a system to make sure the colors you pick match a standard reference.
Eyeball bro deadlifting rainbows at 3:36 is my truest spirit animal
0:14 it's the contract
Gonna guess Pantone?
Edit: yep correct
Same
Guessed correctly here too on the notification 😎
yep nothing else lol
I use an extension (called DeArrow) that swaps out video titles for non-clickbait ones. It says "Explaining the importance of Pantone's Color classification system". There are no surprises any more
Suuuure
Fun fact: That NYT quote was legit
I expected a video about the RAL colour matching system but then again US and A
I worked for Ricoh on large inkjet printers (specifically the InfoPrint 5000) and had to become an expert in color, color spaces and gametts. But I was a novice compared to the PhDs that did the math on this (insanely complicated).
I never understood Pantone despite working in industry (I just remember working my ass off the match it). This was an excellent explanation.
Gamut
as a graphic designer, different monitor settings are the bane of my existence. I can't even get my personal two monitor setup to agree
Pantone is actually quite affordable when looking at industry standardization and calibration. $250 is much cheaper than $1000 caliper from mitutoyo or anything made by Fluke
Digital calipers from Mitutoyo are around 250 for a 6in. Not 1,000.
@@svn5994 the absolute AOS ones are. I have to use coolant proof ones and those cost about $600 before taxes.
The question is does Sam care enough about HAI's colors to have the Pantone numbers? I don't really want to know because that would make it more interesting than I really need it to be. Though half as energy sounds like a great nighttime drink. A little bit of energy to get you through the last few hours before you go to bed, then it wears off in a not so interesting way.
The printer joke is one of the best of all time on this channel
Rainboligarchy 😂😂 i love it
where can I buy a 'Half as mug"?
With some new knowledge, I don't really see CMYK as a subset of RGB anymore. Basically CMYK has a huge range of very dark colors that can't be represented in RGB, and the brightness of CMYK is arbitrary so the RGB value can also vary. There's really no way to know the exact color any CMYK value would represent so when designing, it's either matching the samples or make a few guesses.
The colour range Sam mentioned in the video was specifically gamut, which describes range. You could quite reasonably argue that CMYK has better resolution/distinguishing power between given shades within its gamut compared to RGB, but it's definitely got a narrower gamut.
@@bosstowndynamics5488 yes, but my point is that displaying CMYK color is a harder task than it sounds like, even though its gamut is quite narrow.
Also, given that CMYK doesn't specify the property of the paper it's printed on, or the light that illuminates the paper, or the blocking spectrum of a specific pigment in use, it's well possible that a specific CMYK value can yield a color that's beyond the spectrum of RGB (or sRGB at least). It's just that we usually assume some commonly used paper being used under sunlight when talking about CMYK. Anything else is harder to deal with.
@@FlameRat_YehLon ok, but you framed it as a correction to the video, when the video specified gamut and you're describing other aspects of colour reproduction
@@bosstowndynamics5488 well, maybe I was correcting on the aspect that wasn't intended to be discussed in the video all along. You are right, the video is probably just about the gamut, but giving that both CMYK and Pantone color are about designing with the color not reproducible (or at least couldn't reproduce well) on an RGB display, I thought that I should make the correction that the gamut comparison doesn't make a good representation of what can be displayed accurately and what not, especially since that (CMYK's full gamut falls inside sRGB so sRGB can display CMYK's full color range as long as the display is calibrated) was my wrong assumption in the past so I hope that more people are aware of it.
It's not that CMYK itself isn't reproducable on screens accurately, it's that physical printing and screens simply have different physics for showing the colors. CMYK is just used for 4/4 printing. That's it.
You will get way more varying results trying to print something in RGB and letting the printer convert the colors. That's why you use CMYK to assign the specific values to get an accurate result.
Pantone does not use these 4 inks, they use their own mixture.
A HAI video about a standard that dosn't involve the ISO? Unthinkable!
4:41 was the perfect time for that ad 😂😂
You know you're an artist when you can tell even the slightest hue shift apart for another color
Pantone doesn't OWN these colors. You can still freely replicate them. They only own the right for the names and the marketing.
Pantone in North America, RAL for the rest of the world.
Pantone is for print. RAL is for paint.
We have Pantone matching print drivers but nothing for RAL.
Pantone in India. I've never heard of RAL until the comments
Instead of "RGB", I presume you meant to say "sRGB". There is more than one RGB colorspace and each has its own gamut. For example: sRGB/BT.709, Adobe RGB, DCI-P3, BT.2020.
When you say that a device can only produce "1/3 of the colors the human eye can perceive", it again looks like you are presuming an sRGB device (though I'm not sure where that "1/3" number came from - there are many ways to quantify coverage ratios between colorspaces/gamuts). But nowadays there are many so-called "wide-gamut" devices out there that can produce a much larger gamut, often close to DCI-P3. In particular, most HDR devices are also wide-gamut devices, mostly because HDR video specs allow for larger gamuts (up to BT.2020).
The fundamental reason why a printed color will generally not look the same as a color on a display has less to do with additive vs. subtractive and more to do with the fact that displays produce their own light, which means they will produce the same color stimuli regardless of ambient illumination; that is not true of a print, which merely reflects ambient light and is therefore affected by it. To be able to accurately compare ("proof") colors between display and paper, you'd have to control for the illuminant of the ambient light (e.g. specify that the print has to be looked at under a D50 illuminant). And of course you have to control for luminance too.
I'm pretty confident he meant sRGB, on the basis that sRGB is still very much the default RGB colour space both for general discussions about colour spaces and a lot of consumer hardware. Even if a monitor technically supports a wider gamut many are configured to default to sRGB just as a known good configuration without knowing the user's graphics settings, and HDR is still pretty spotty for streaming services
"your printer isnt broken, well, it is" i cant wait for the printer industry video next
Pantone as a system is great. Could have better business practices but that goes for every corporation ever.
@@arottedfruit the reason you pirate them is because it’s a great system. The PMS is the most popular. I don’t like Pantone the business. The recent licensing issues they had with Adobe highlight the major flaws of both companies.
Business practices as a system is great. Could have better Pantone but that goes for every corporation ever.
@@arottedfruit You cannot physically or metaphorically pirate Pantone as they are physical paints mixed for you. All you need to do is tell the print house which paint you want them to use. Which you need a physical color reference fan for, usually. Good luck pirating either.
If you're talking about the plugin, I'm very confident you cannot pirate that anyway. The plugin is also just for convenience, nothing more.
3:04 i agree, a slightly less blue and less grey version of that color should be indigo
7:56
I'd totally buy that mug as a gag gift 😂
4:27 I gotta ask isn't everything in this frame what rgb can show? Like my screen is in rgb so doesn't that mean those colors CAN be shown in rgb, so the way the rgb cut off is shown doesn't stop making sense?
Are you serious?
@@TheWorldsLargestOven Yeah, like the full color wheel shown in that part is being rendered through a RGB screen, which means RGB can show those colors
@@angelapuzzleKeyword: If
@@TheWorldsLargestOven Oh so it is an analogy, it's a weird one I guess
Pantone's industrial, physical side is very useful but selling access to the big lists of names and sRGB approximations is... a bit silly.
It's because the plugin is for convenience.
By the title alone, you can tell after two minutes of working with color that it's going to be pantone.
There is a board game called "hues and cues" where you give clues to try to get people to guess a specific color from ~420 options
Pantone has a sensor for Lenovo laptops, it calibrates the display to be perfect color. My laptop has it and it seems very crisp
A few errors:
An LCD monitor valued in the hundreds can almost never be calibrated accurately so shouldn’t be used to match to, thus cannot be relied upon for any type of reference. There are Pantone color systems for all types of medium, not just print; textiles for one, and they don’t match nor are numbered like the print books you are referring to. There are many other color matching systems out there as well: RAL for powder coatings, Matthews for paint.
However the video was largely accurate and stayed on point.
Pantone "owns" 2,390 colours so my job as an industrial designer is easier
I’m a guy I only know like 7 colors according to my GF.
Blue, light blue, dark blue, lighter blue, darker blue, pale blue, blue black, sky blue.
That's because there are only seven colors with a name. Do a google image search for "colors men vs women". I mean common: banana is a fruit, not a color.
Guy colours:
🔴Red
🟠Orange
🟡Yellow
🟢Green
🔵Blue
💗Pink
🟣Purple
🟤Brown
🔘Grey
⚪White
⚫Black
Nothing else exists! 😂
@@dftfirenothing else does exist
I’ve noticed your videos have gotten a little bit longer and I’ve been enjoying it immensely.
ah, at around 5:46 it's not sowing the correct color as macos will color pick after it has translated the pixel to it's display's color profile, so the result of the color picker is legitimately a /different/ color from the one that is being displayed. on top of that, the color show /by/ the color picker will then go through the translation to the color profile a second time, so it won't look the same either!
Even more artists
Linkin Park:electric black
AKB48:sweet pink
Shakira:world cup medal gold
Sabrina Carpenter:chocolate
Camila Cabello:Havana blue and Havana gold
Little Mix:Cotton candy,Blue slushie,Apple taffy and Very cherry
Charli XCX:lime green
BTS:rainbow(ROYGBIV)
Selena Gomez:deep heather
Adele:mystic maroon
Lana Del Ray:boring gray
Billie Eilish:the colors of death
Avril Lavigne:bubblegum
Britney Spears:pure white(snow)
Mariah Carey:Christmas red
NSYNC:Lego Sand blue,red,violet and green(Justin is yellow)
Radiohead:Octarine
Doja Cat:red devil
Ed Sheeran:denim and ginger
The Weeknd:Saturday Night Blue
Hello Project:pink and sky blue
Me:all of the colors above mixed together(farts)
And now for some random people
Lionel Messi:Gray Pubic(light blue)
Kamala Harris:Dondarf(navy blue)
Adolf Hitler:Rerete Green(red)
Neymar:Caillou's shirt yellow
NEYMAR LOOKS LIKE CAILLOU😂😂😂
Technology Connections: This video is about brown.
Me: And it's excellent.
I liked that video! "Brown is weird."
Heinz: ketchup can only be red. this specific shade of red
Also Heinz: makes green and purple ketchup
RAL is the superior system, mostly because they dont try to push constantly changing trend colors on consumers to make more money
I use the RAL K7 (RAL CLASSIC) swatch, as I can order RAL colors exactly by it. Funny thing: the buses in London are Pantone 485 (according to this video) and the buses (and trolleybuses and trams) in Bratislava are RAL 3020. The conversion table for Pantone 485 claims two RAL colors to be "identical": RAL 2002 and RAL 3020. So you see, there are more standards than Pantone. RAL 3020 is also used on Firefighter trucks here in Central Europe, as well as Rolling stock of some Raiolway operators. No wonder it is called "Traffic Red".
Yes RAL's were made with powder coating and varnishing in mind, while pantones are made with printing in mind. Different tools for different jobs.
I admit I choked laughing at Half As Mug.
nobody's talking about the water physics of the coffee in the half as mug
Love your content. Almost always very fascinating. Definitely well thought out and well written. Thank you. Now can you consider muting or excluding the conflicting background music/noise that you and so many more think is good or beneficial or necessary. To be honest, I don't know what you are thinking by coming up with great content, and then purposely attempting to drown it out with noise that is completely irrelevant for the subjects being displayed or spoken about. ESPN, most major studios that produce documentaries or true crime shows, and other content creators seem to feel it is needed to add background music or effects for the sole purpose of competing with the professional commentator or narrator. Even in mainstream films, there is an obsessive use of background noise, like a continuous hum, that sounds like an effort to reproduce tinnitus. Your content is too good to be doing this. Maybe you are catering to overstimulated or broken brains. I would argue that the people like me who consume your content regularly are not the "10 seconds is too much" content drones you may be catering too. But rather the kind of people who seek knowledge for entertainment, much like what you produce here. I am usually listening intently to you, but find that most of my time now is distracted by the incessant and unnecessary background music. Sound effects can enhance a production. Music, when used to emphasize content on the screen (think great soundtracks like "Dazed and Confused", "Forrest Gump", or "Pulp Fiction", or great scores like "Jaws" or "Star Wars"), can elevate the experience dramatically. That is definitely not what you are doing here. Thank you.
He might have the music in the background to try and prevent someone stealing his voice to make videos pretending to be him...
Reckless abandon of a witch trying to make child stew…. Might be the best phrase!!
Glad to finally see someone pointing out how legitimately useful pantone is.
7:53 "generate enough sweet dollars that we can... Y'know, eat." Love Sam & HAI, but do not love Sam insinuating that hes a 'struggling young person who barely makes enough to eat' (reminiscent of 'fellow kids' type stuff) when Sam is worth an estimated $27 million
Have you ever tried describing the colors of a warbler to a blind man using RGB colors? Yeah, I didn't think so.
Begging the larger question, How Illegal Can You Make Art?
Hex codes are free and easy. I'll never be so picky about a color that I care about a slightly brighter shade that hex codes can't produce.
For electronics, yeah. Seems like manufacturing is where it really comes in handy
You fundamentally misunderstand what's happening.
Physical prints cannot use hex codes. Printers either have 4 inks they mix; CMYK or specified spot color inks; pantone, ral etc.
If you do ise an rgb color and print it, the printer will convert it to cmyk for you. This however is unreliable.
Hex codes are meaningless for physical printing lol
@@TunaIRL , given that printers work just fine and there exists a conversion for RGB to CMYK, as you said yourself, they are obviously not "meaningless".
I'm not misunderstanding at all. The slight difference in hue (that may or may not even be there) is just not enough to care about. Granted, I'm a programmer, so I only really work with screens anyway, but, when I do print, the colors show just fine. It really isn't something to be so uptight about.
pantone and RAL things liker plastic dyes fabric dyes paints powder coatings and printing presses basically they are for making physical goods have the same color no matter which factory you go to
the half a second "half as mug" bit is great
this is pretty neat, it's something that seems very stupid at first, but gradually makes more and more sense, and i really like things like that.
Funny, second time this Week i see a Video closely related to my final Exams. Had to deal with the Colour Systems (RGB, CMYK) and the Pantone Colours for a Practical Exam on Monday and had to explain these on the follow up Oral Exam on Tuesday.
4:14 Looked at the sun🤣🤣🤣
Correction: "Your screen being off" is grey because screens cant't completely block light while on, but there are some standards that do that like OLED, LED and special blacklights that dim a matrix depending on how light it is to try to simulate black.
"The One Company That Owns 2,390 Colors". Proceeds to tell us why that one company doesn't own any colours.
How does Internet exist without power as that something that I like to know as seem that two related yet you can have internet using only battery backup for long as battery last as I know two are separate when going to most home but do need power to have internet be active. So how can you have Internet access with a blackout.