Eleonora D'Arborea Castle in Sanluri ~ 20 March 2022 | Sardinia

The castle of Sanluri, also known as Eleonora d'Arborea, is a fortified military building from the Giudicale period.
Its state of conservation is excellent, also because it has always maintained its residential function, now hosting the Duca d'Aosta Museum of the Risorgimento.
It had an important historical importance as it was one of the control strongholds of the border between the Giudicato of Cagliari and the Giudicato of Arborea.
The Battle of Sanluri was fought nearby.
It is not documented if Eleonora d'Arborea stayed there, although an alleged chair that belonged to the Giudicessa is shown, but the manor has always been known by her name.
History
The castle was built between 1188 and 1195, at the behest of the judge Pietro I of Arborea. Its purpose was defensive, but also residential.
Historians Raimondo Carta Raspi and Foiso Fois affirmed, as tradition dictated, that the fortress was in the Giudicato of Cagliari, near the border with that of Arborea.
The research and studies of the current owner, Count Alberto di Villasanta, since 2005 have exposed, however, another more plausible and thoughtful testimony.
The village of Sanluri was strategically located between the Giudicati of Cagliari and Arborea, at the limits of the Campidano di Cagliari, under the heights of the Marmilla: it was, therefore, considered a suitable site for the construction of a castle, in order to be able to monitor the border, along the most important artery of Sardinia which, from Cagliari, led to Sassari and Torres.
Construction
The keep of the manor was built in a rectangular shape, divided into three floors, with two quadrangular turrets: the walls had an average thickness of two meters and was raised, under the direction of the architect Berengario Roich, at the request of King Peter IV of 'Aragon.
The count of Villasanta, residing in the castle, argued that the fortress could not have been erected by the judges of Cagliari since its natural objective was to start a fight to the south and this was clearly demonstrated by the various works close to the southern wall.
Nor could the Aragonese be interested in building the fortress, since otherwise they would have oriented it by turning the keep, the towers, the battlements towards the outside of the walls.
Therefore, only the Giudicato of Arborea could have had the interest in erecting the fortress to protect itself from an attack on Cagliari.
It was the judge of Arborea Pietro I di Arborea (1185-1195) who concretized the project of the construction, against William I Salusio IV, sovereign of Cagliari (1188-1214), between 1188 and 1195.
The Aragonese, as aforementioned, assembled the palace in the court.
Between 11 and 15 July 1355 the Peace of Sanluri was signed there
Following the battle of Sanluri on 30 June 1409, having the king of Aragon conquered the entire island and defeated William III of Narbonne, the last direct heir of Mariano IV of Arborea, the fortress lost all military role and significance.
The castle acquired a single residential destination and was sold to the De Sena (with the rank of viscontea), to the Henriquez, to the Castelvì, to the Aymerich of Laconi and, finally, in 1924, to the di Villa Santa, counts since 1946.
Duca d'Aosta Museum of the Risorgimento.
They restored it and, in addition to the stately apartment, used some halls as a museum center; there is a room for the Museum of wax plastics, the most important in Europe as it sees over four hundred sculptures and portraits in wax plastics, some pieces are very rare, dating from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century with the signatures of authors such as Ammannati, Susini, Zumbo, Giambologna, Piamontini and Mazzafirri, and two halls, of the Militia and of Justice, which house the Duca d'Aosta Risorgimento Museum, which preserves, among the numerous patriotic relics, the tricolor flag that on November 3, 1918 flew first in the Trieste just reconquered by Italy after the victory in the First World War and the original document of the Victory Bulletin.
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