bro you just made the distillation concept click in my head, thank you so much!! the key is understanding that the vapor composition is different than the liquid composition
I believe that I did these calculations during my bachelor's degree without knowing what was really happening, so simple and yet it could improved a lot my grades. Thank you!
Hi lonewolferton, I really appreciate this comment. Teaching is my passion and I hope it comes through in the videos. Hopefully many more will be on the way this year. Keep your chin up and remember, if there is a will, there is a way to make your college aspirations come true. Enjoy the videos!
Finally, a clear and simple explanation of fractional distillation. Many thanks for producing and posting this video. (I wish that I could give you more than one thumbs up.)
This is a simplification which I needed a long time to understand. If you heat up the first liquid mix, it's already changing its mixture while doing that (liquid part). So you won't get a 80% purity, it has to be less. You only get almost this purity, if the second amount (the evaporated stuff) is much less then the first.
what can i say, I spent 4 weeks in uni trying to understand it, a 9 min video that you made made me understand the whole concept thank youuuuu so muuuuuch
Thank you for this video!! My prof never even brought up gas laws and trying to read the liquid-vapor condensation plot with no context was driving me crazy
Hi Kris, I try to keep the videos short. Discussing packing with steel wool, glass beads or even those columns with actual physical plates would be a cool enhancement. I may yet explain this technique in a later release of the video or in a different video all together. As a side note, we have learned in our labs that even when students neglect to pack their fractionating columns, they still get better results than running stills without the column at all! Thanks for the comment.
The best ever video for explaining distillation. You are awesome ! The biggest plus is explaining with the T xy Graph and theoretical plates . This is what we expect from every professor. Please also include how it relates with xy graph and Mc cabe thiele method. Thanks once again :)
I was wondering, during the fractional distillation, was the temperature regulated and what would have been the ideal temperature? Great video, very thorough.
Thanks so much for this video! Now I understand how fractional distillation works. I have a question: in an azeotropic mixture, we can't separate them using this method. Is it because they have similar partial vapor pressure?
Ankita Singh My pleasure. Glad it helped. I remember being so confused about this process as a young student many years ago. Anything I can do to help others make the connections more quickly is very rewarding to me! Don't forget to check out the rest of the channel! ruclips.net/user/chemsurvival
Hi Anxious. There is no water in the jacket around the fractionating column. Reflux condensers are often re-purposed for this task, but NO WATER is used, because a temperature gradient across the column is crucial to proper function. As condensation forms in a higher (cooler) region of the column, it begins to descend and vaporizes again in a lower (hotter) region. Often, columns are packed with inert solid material to maximize surface area on which this process can take place.
@@Phoenix_Atlas yes. In fact there are specially designed fractionating columns that do not contain the outer jacket at all. I use a Vigreux column much like this one: www.labdepotinc.com/p-64122-distilling-columns-vigreux?gclid=CjwKCAiAxJSPBhAoEiwAeO_fPx7gZ0oAMBNtm9ImDm9HRYYKEIKixVUg43_DKHTvHdP3PE2jSEOYJxoCR8AQAvD_BwE on my setup. Those columns are fine to use as well, although they cannot be re-purposed as a condenser should you find the need for one.
@@ChemSurvival that's awesome. All the fractioning columns I've seen are intricate glass pieces that look extremely expensive compared to just a glass tube.
HI Shane. There are clearly some simplifications in this video which are intended to make it easier to digest. I disagree with your assertion that no vaporization happens in the column. There is a temperature gradient along a fractionating column, so as condensed liquid descends the column it has an opportunity to re-vaporize, thus becoming more enriched in the more volatile component. To say that it is simply refluxing toluene and distilling benzene is also an oversimplification.
Hi Cebo. Thanks for the praise. To accomplish most of my videos I use a combination of several programs, including PowerPoint, Sony Movie Studio, Adobe Illustrator, SnagIt and CambridgeSoft's ChemDraw and Chem3D. The main engine for combining all the objects and animations I create is PowerPoint.
Thanks for this, and plz answer this question, why did we say the benzene will condensed or distilled? why not toluene since it's a mixture? is it because of the boiling point was only 80 not reaching 110? thanks for any help
this is a great illustration!! good job ! but i have a question what about the natural progression of the system won't the system raise in temperature to accommodate the loss of the vapour pressure so the liquid can still boil?? and wouldn't that reduce the purity of the vapour gradually containing more of the less volatile liquid?? and how would the plot proceed in a continuous distillation ?
YES! That is exactly what will happen! You can see my explanation of it here ruclips.net/video/nFJy6F_E50o/видео.html We usually simplify introductory explanations of distillation by only considering the first moments of the process, when the composition of the boiling liquid has not changed appreciably. However, as time passes, it will indeed become more concentrated in the LESS volatile solvent. This results in a constantly (though not necessarily consistently) changing boiling point for the remaining un-distilled liquid. Please check out the video linked above and share with your friends/classmates/students/teachers
after having seen a few of these sort of videos I don't see how is that there are dumping lands where toxic waste is stored... where the important utopic argument is that there is no way to separate the toxic stuff back into its primordial elements... to me, it seems like these sort of videos prove that there are some good ways to deal with all sorts of pollutants/toxins and other junk that may have been created as a by product of a process
Brilliant explanation! It's a pity it took me so long to find this. One question though (if you're still around :) ) - With two miscible liquids with significant boiling point differences (as per benzene/toluene), Is there any advantage in warming the fractionating column to the boiling temperature of the benzene (the lower of the two boiling points) to minimise condensation of the benzene in the column and perhaps give it more "encouragement" to reach the top of the column?
I have the same question but I think if u had a warmer column the faster it would go but it would be less pure because there would be less reflux of the toluene
bro you just made the distillation concept click in my head, thank you so much!! the key is understanding that the vapor composition is different than the liquid composition
Glad it helped!!!
I believe that I did these calculations during my bachelor's degree without knowing what was really happening, so simple and yet it could improved a lot my grades. Thank you!
+Leomar Pérez Thanks for the encouraging remarks, Leomar!
thank you so much! i spent like 2 hours trying to read the textbook and still didn't understand it and you explained it in less than 10 minutes.
+Jessica Ho I'm so glad you found it helpful!
I like your surname
Don't troll the innocent drifter13
Shadilay
a true troll spares none, Mr Volcano
Jessica Ho hy how are you, and in which class you ard
Hi lonewolferton,
I really appreciate this comment. Teaching is my passion and I hope it comes through in the videos. Hopefully many more will be on the way this year. Keep your chin up and remember, if there is a will, there is a way to make your college aspirations come true. Enjoy the videos!
Finally, a clear and simple explanation of fractional distillation.
Many thanks for producing and posting this video.
(I wish that I could give you more than one thumbs up.)
Amazing video! Thank you professor for your wonderful upload.
So far, the best explanation I've seen on this topic. Thank you!
It took me forever to understand the material until I saw this video!!! Thank you so much, you're the best teacher ever!! God bless you <3
Thank you so much. My textbook and professor were both confusing, and you explained everything I needed to know in 10 minutes.
This is absolutely awesome. I understood why we use a fractionating column now. Thanks a ton.
This is a simplification which I needed a long time to understand. If you heat up the first liquid mix, it's already changing its mixture while doing that (liquid part). So you won't get a 80% purity, it has to be less. You only get almost this purity, if the second amount (the evaporated stuff) is much less then the first.
Can't believe such a nice content us 7 years old .. It helped me alot.. That is what i was searching for
Thanks a bunch, I never had this much clarity about this topic though I read it many times, excellent explanation with apt animation, feel excited
THX I learned so f****king much, you ezplain well and at the perfect speed.
This just saved my lab grade coming up on Thursday!
Happy to help! Be sure to check out the other videos in my DISTILLATION! playlist.
what can i say, I spent 4 weeks in uni trying to understand it, a 9 min video that you made made me understand the whole concept
thank youuuuu so muuuuuch
Thank you for this video!! My prof never even brought up gas laws and trying to read the liquid-vapor condensation plot with no context was driving me crazy
It's very helpful.. Nice video sir.. THANK YOU SO MUCH 🙏🙏🙏
can even tell you how much this helped! thank you💞
This is an excellent video which covers quite a tricky concept. Thank you for making this.
I watched 4 videos and this was the first one that actually clicked for me. Thank you!
You seriously couldn't be more clear. I love this video.
Thanks, Francesca. This is one of my personal favorites, too. If you like my style, please check out my channel and consider sharing and subscribing!
Just in point! Very great videos!
Awesome animation.....!!! Clear as water... thanks 😀😀😀
I just wanted to thank you for all the videos. I cant afford college but thanks to your videos I am still able to be your student.
Hi Kris,
I try to keep the videos short. Discussing packing with steel wool, glass beads or even those columns with actual physical plates would be a cool enhancement. I may yet explain this technique in a later release of the video or in a different video all together. As a side note, we have learned in our labs that even when students neglect to pack their fractionating columns, they still get better results than running stills without the column at all! Thanks for the comment.
Thank you...you explain it so simple, great help
Thank you so much ! The best explanation
thank you, I finally understand why a longer column is better!
finally understood what the liquid vapour diagram means. :D thank you so much! :)
Thank you for the video!
Thank you! This is super helpful!
Great video! So helpful.
Great video, thank you very much!
This really helped.....thank you so much!
Awesome video, very helpful.
Amazing explanation. Congrats.
Very helpful video, thank you so much. :)
The best ever video for explaining distillation. You are awesome !
The biggest plus is explaining with the T xy Graph and theoretical plates . This is what we expect from every professor.
Please also include how it relates with xy graph and Mc cabe thiele method.
Thanks once again :)
Thanks for the suggestions and the feedback! Much appreciated!
Very helpful illustration! Thank you so muchhh
I was wondering, during the fractional distillation, was the temperature regulated and what would have been the ideal temperature? Great video, very thorough.
very nice explanation. Studying for a chemistry competition...helps a lot.
that is very nice to know. thank you for helping me to save a lot of time.
Great explanation. Thank you!
This is some good stuff thanks bro
Finally understand. Thanks so much.
Very good video! Thank you!
10/10 video. Still think we shouldnt be learning this at 13years old in eighth grade, but this vid helps out a ton. thanks.
This is really excellent.
Wow you did a terrific job of describing a thump keg. This has been used by moonshiners for century's.
Thanks! I doubt most moonshiners think of themselves as organic chemists, but we have more in common than you might realize.
Cheers!
Thank you for the comment, hamood. That is why I do it! Please pass the channel on!
thanks for share this,the visualization was fantastic
Excellent clear explanation.
Thanks so much for this video! Now I understand how fractional distillation works.
I have a question: in an azeotropic mixture, we can't separate them using this method. Is it because they have similar partial vapor pressure?
This is sooooo helpful!
Great job!
so powerful explanation. thanks
Thank u so much this video is really helpful.... finally I could figure out what actually is theoretical no of plates... thank u so much
Ankita Singh My pleasure. Glad it helped. I remember being so confused about this process as a young student many years ago. Anything I can do to help others make the connections more quickly is very rewarding to me!
Don't forget to check out the rest of the channel! ruclips.net/user/chemsurvival
great video 👌👌 some high class stuff 👍
Thanks! Be sure to like, share and subscribe to help me get the word out about my videos!
All the best,
Prof. D
This was a very nice and clear presentation. Thank you very much.
Thanks for watching!
Hi Anxious. There is no water in the jacket around the fractionating column. Reflux condensers are often re-purposed for this task, but NO WATER is used, because a temperature gradient across the column is crucial to proper function. As condensation forms in a higher (cooler) region of the column, it begins to descend and vaporizes again in a lower (hotter) region. Often, columns are packed with inert solid material to maximize surface area on which this process can take place.
So I can use an old condenser for this? I have one laying around.
@@Phoenix_Atlas I see no reason why not, just as long as you keep in mind the points made above.
@@ChemSurvival then would just a long glass tube extending straight up work the same way since you don't pump water through the the condenser chamber?
@@Phoenix_Atlas yes. In fact there are specially designed fractionating columns that do not contain the outer jacket at all. I use a Vigreux column much like this one:
www.labdepotinc.com/p-64122-distilling-columns-vigreux?gclid=CjwKCAiAxJSPBhAoEiwAeO_fPx7gZ0oAMBNtm9ImDm9HRYYKEIKixVUg43_DKHTvHdP3PE2jSEOYJxoCR8AQAvD_BwE
on my setup. Those columns are fine to use as well, although they cannot be re-purposed as a condenser should you find the need for one.
@@ChemSurvival that's awesome. All the fractioning columns I've seen are intricate glass pieces that look extremely expensive compared to just a glass tube.
Very nice! Thanks so much!
Very good video!
Thank you for the video it was great help
Wonderful explanation thanks a lot
Your voice is very relaxing.
I am graduated in chemical engineer, but you made it so easier, I should show my teach it.
Man, you are AWESOME!
Thanks! I'm glad you liked the video!
HI Shane. There are clearly some simplifications in this video which are intended to make it easier to digest. I disagree with your assertion that no vaporization happens in the column. There is a temperature gradient along a fractionating column, so as condensed liquid descends the column it has an opportunity to re-vaporize, thus becoming more enriched in the more volatile component. To say that it is simply refluxing toluene and distilling benzene is also an oversimplification.
thank you very very much that was super helpful
Very nice job. thanks
SIMPLY AWSOME....
Perfect!
Wonderful. Thank you.
I wish i had a teacher like this guy!
Very humbling and flattering to hear. Thanks for watching! I hope you will subscribe, browse my channel and share!
Great video! Subscribed & notified :-)
Glad it was helpful. Be sure to subscribe and check out the rest of my videos to help you get ready!
It was a big help...Thnx fr the video.....!!!
Glad it was helpful!!!
This is the best video I've watched that discusses distillation. Quick question: what software did you use for the animations?
Hi Cebo. Thanks for the praise. To accomplish most of my videos I use a combination of several programs, including PowerPoint, Sony Movie Studio, Adobe Illustrator, SnagIt and CambridgeSoft's ChemDraw and Chem3D. The main engine for combining all the objects and animations I create is PowerPoint.
I've just downloaded those softwares...how much do you charge for tutoring sessions?...*fingers crossed*...lol!
thank you so much! It help me in my virtual lab. :)
This is exactly what I wanted
I am very thinkful you are doing a great job
+aloui med :-)
Thanks a bunch. A big big bunch!
my pleasure!
very nice!
How is the reflux ratio related to the reboiler? Thanks!
Thank you for your video. nice. We can distillation of Ethanol and Methanol?
Thank you once again
Thanks for this, and plz answer this question, why did we say the benzene will condensed or distilled? why not toluene since it's a mixture? is it because of the boiling point was only 80 not reaching 110? thanks for any help
Wonderful animation! It was very hard for me to visualize.
Really useful
How did that work out for you?
this is a great illustration!! good job ! but i have a question what about the natural progression of the system won't the system raise in temperature to accommodate the loss of the vapour pressure so the liquid can still boil?? and wouldn't that reduce the purity of the vapour gradually containing more of the less volatile liquid?? and how would the plot proceed in a continuous distillation ?
YES! That is exactly what will happen! You can see my explanation of it here ruclips.net/video/nFJy6F_E50o/видео.html
We usually simplify introductory explanations of distillation by only considering the first moments of the process, when the composition of the boiling liquid has not changed appreciably. However, as time passes, it will indeed become more concentrated in the LESS volatile solvent. This results in a constantly (though not necessarily consistently) changing boiling point for the remaining un-distilled liquid. Please check out the video linked above and share with your friends/classmates/students/teachers
ChemSurvival Thank you :)
Great video thanks
Thanks for watching!
Thanksssss!
after having seen a few of these sort of videos I don't see how is that there are dumping lands where toxic waste is stored... where the important utopic argument is that there is no way to separate the toxic stuff back into its primordial elements... to me, it seems like these sort of videos prove that there are some good ways to deal with all sorts of pollutants/toxins and other junk that may have been created as a by product of a process
Robert Ostman z%
good question sir. worth investigating.
Brilliant explanation! It's a pity it took me so long to find this. One question though (if you're still around :) ) - With two miscible liquids with significant boiling point differences (as per benzene/toluene), Is there any advantage in warming the fractionating column to the boiling temperature of the benzene (the lower of the two boiling points) to minimise condensation of the benzene in the column and perhaps give it more "encouragement" to reach the top of the column?
I have the same question but I think if u had a warmer column the faster it would go but it would be less pure because there would be less reflux of the toluene
BingecorpTM approves this video!
Glad to hear it!
Very useful video. Thank you very much...!!!
Super sir thank you