The galleon and clippers get the glamour when it comes to the Age of Sail. But it was the caravel which truly changed maritime - and world - history forever. Aloha 😊⛵️🇵🇹🤙🏼👏🏼
The Galleon was a ship invented from 1518, by the Portuguese as a weapon to give a proper answer to the Indias Career, to the big ships coming from India full of very valuable cargo. There are records of the powerful Portuguese Galleon Sao Joao Baptista in 1535 leading the attack of the Christian Armada to Tunez, which proves that only the Portuguese has such a powerful ships on that date. In a leaflet written in the time of King D. João III, it is said that its keel was the length and a half of the largest ship in India. The number of people he transported to the capture of Goleta could also be used to judge the extraordinary dimensions of this ship, truly extraordinary for that time. In addition to the crew, which would have been very numerous to be able to sail a similar ship, it took on board 600 musketeers, 400 men with swords and rodelas, and 300 artillerymen. In addition to including 366 bronze pieces. As historians point out, this galleon had a steel tackle on the beck, with which, in the second attack, it broke the iron chain with which the moors closed the entrance to the port of Goleta. There is even Tapestry of the series The Conquest of Tunis designed by Jan Cornelis Vermeyen & woven by Wilhelm de Pannemaker in 1549-1551, in there we can see the Galleon St John Baptist nicknamed Bota Fogo "Set Fire". It is undeniable that the aforementioned galleon, to which the people gave the name "Bota Fogo" due to the great amount of fire vomited from itself, rendered great service in that memorable action, not only due to the activity of its fire, but also because it was directed in a superior position, which was the cavalier of the other ships of the fleet and of the port's own batteries. This galleon was built in Portas do Mar, one of the navy arsenals in Lisbon, by master João Gallego; which began on August 29, 1533, and which, employing 230 workers in its construction, launched into the sea on June 24 of the following year. In other words, at least since 1534 we have evidence that galleons were already being built in Portugal. The fact that Charles V of Habsburg, the emperor of Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, part of France and Italy, as well as king of Spain, specifically asked the king of Portugal for the Galleon St John Baptist to lead the attack to Tunez in 1535, demonstrates that only Portugal had such a powerful ship and only Portugal had galleons. There are reports of the construction of Portuguese galleons since 1518 and in Spain just seven decades later. England only built its first galleon 100 years later.
@@aimaction7393 i was lucky enough to be inside one, a copy of "São Cristóvão" Bartolomeu Dias caravel when he passed the cape of good hope , that copy ( "Boa Esperança " is at Mossel Bay museum ( south Africa ), and it was built here at Portugal at Vila do Conde shipyards beck in 1990, and sailed to Lisbon , when it finaly departed to South Africa.
I am happy that portugal did something great in the past pitty now its a mess a beautiful place to go but its ofter underrated its one of the most diverse country you can find in europe
Initially, the triangular sail of the caravels was called "la trina" (the triangular) in Italian. This gave origin to "latina" (lateen) which is a rather inadequate name for a sail copied outright from the arabic Dhows.
Calling it triangular does seem rather sensible as it describes the sail rather than its origin. That variations of the word latin is used in Northern Europe simply came about, because the sail was seen on vessels from the Latin countries. It might not be the exact origin, but it shows the route the design took up through Europe.
@@leclubdaventuredoutre-mer you learned the sails and their names from Portugal and Spain - who already called it "Latin" in the 1500s and who, by the way, were not called "latin countries" back then. Since we are at it, there never was any craddle of civilization in Europe. The misnomer "Western Civilization" is but the current stage of expansion of the middle eastern civilizations: Mesopotamian and Egyptian.
It is not really the actual shape that does it, but how they are fitted to the mast. A square rig goes across the mast, while fore-and-aft rigged sails like the lateen sail have the the mast as close as possible on one side. This means that when turning into the wind a square rig will start to flap in the wind far earlier due to the part of the sail that is ahead of the mast, while the fore-and-aft rig can remain stretched in shape behind the mast. So it is a question of how far into the wind you can maintain a useful shape of the sail.
Good expla ation. Of interest might be ghe fact that Portuguese ships often carried both types of sail so they could choose the most efficient method. This was most likely the clincher.
Siempre fui fan de las Carabelas, aunque no entiendo por qué muchos juegos de guerra naval no tienen Carabelas y si barcos como bergatines, balandras, etc. Me pone un poco decepcionado xd
I don't think somebody having an accent takes away even a tiny bit from the narration. The narration was informative I'm sure the Dhow was a major influence... but I'd modify the credit for the lateen sail with the comment that the byzantines in the 7th Century already had it on their Drummonds dromons which were galleys with two Banks of oars and at least one lateen sail
The Portuguese discovered the prevailing winds of the Oceans and they learnt to cross the Seas at the right time of the year with the season's winds in their favour. Lateen sails were not important in the Portuguese discoveries. There wasn't a single caravel on the small fleet Vasco da Gama took from Lisbon to India. Vasco da Gama's ships were large war and merchant vessels (called "nau" from the Latin navis) with square sails. These Portuguese "nau" ships were built, indeed just like the smaller caravels, with the revolutionary carvel boat building system. The carvel construction is a shell first system allowing for larger and stronger ships and it replaced the ancient clinker-built hulls. The great importance of the caravel is that they were the first carvel-built ships that the northern-Europeans on the Atlantic ever saw, hence the name they use for that new type of hull construction.
Is there a reason this sailing vessel was developed by Europeans and not another culture in the 1400s? What kept native Americans from sailing to Europe? Did native people have the concept of the pulley essential to sailing?
The caravel was developed based on earlier nautic traditions like the dhow combined with other Mediterranean designs, so the caravel specific necessitated that tradition, which did not exist in the Americas. Furtermore the larger cultures in the Americas were predominantly inland cultures. Those who could have made ships like the caravel would be the Arabs and the Asian cultures. What set Europe apart was that there was a motivation to set out south around Africa and across the Atlantic, because they wanted to find a way to east Asia to acquire spices and other luxury products that were prohibitively expensive from the overland routes. The same motivation lacked in the other direction.
The lateen sail was an evolution from the square sail rig. Sailors first used it in the Mediterranean during the Roman Empire. The lateen sail is the first fore-and-aft sail and goes along the line of the keel. According to Lucien Basch, a Belgian historian focusing on maritime, the lateen rig appeared in a painting from the Hellenistic period, around 1st century BC in Alexandria. Experts excavated and reconstructed a ship that dates back to ca. 400 AD. And the experts concluded that the lateen sail existed even earlier than what studies suggest and Replaced the Square sail. The lateen sail had mostly replaced the square sail by the 6th century in the Mediterranean. The lateen sail was also used by the Byzantine dromon war gallery, which was the most important warship of the Byzantine period. The lateen sail has used as the flagship of Belisarius in 532 AD as well. More excavations showed evidence that many navies used the lateen sail from the 6th to the 10th century. The lateen sail slightly changed in the 13th century, after sailors developed the hook-shaped masthead.
No, the lateen sail is not the first fore-and-aft sail invention... The Austronesian first developed it since the 2000 BCE with their crab crawl sail model spreading throughout the pacific ocean
@@tytoalba4794 they never existed. The confluence of people in an area doesn't equate with modern theory. Also no evidence of vessels in the vicinity 2000 BC. You could say they were Greeks or the Sea Peoples of the Mediterranean. or possible Egyptians and Indians.
The first men to circumnavigate were not Spanish. Magellan was Portuguese and Henry, his servant was from the area near where Magellan died. They met on Magellan's first trip going eastwards years before and when Magellan joined the Spanish Henry was by his side. It was only when Henry recognised they were in the Philippines did they know the two of them had made it. The rest of the crew under El Cano (a mixed bag of nationalities) only became circumnavigators upon their return to Spain. The ship's log had a 24 hour discrepancy as proof. Only one ship made it. The Vitoria.😊
Content is great/awesome, but the narration is below average. I know english is not your 1st lang but please avoid the huge stops between words and "singing" the words.
The galleon and clippers get the glamour when it comes to the Age of Sail.
But it was the caravel which truly changed maritime - and world - history forever.
Aloha 😊⛵️🇵🇹🤙🏼👏🏼
The Galleon was a ship invented from 1518, by the Portuguese as a weapon to give a proper answer to the Indias Career, to the big ships coming from India full of very valuable cargo. There are records of the powerful Portuguese Galleon Sao Joao Baptista in 1535 leading the attack of the Christian Armada to Tunez, which proves that only the Portuguese has such a powerful ships on that date.
In a leaflet written in the time of King D. João III, it is said that its keel was the length and a half of the largest ship in India. The number of people he transported to the capture of Goleta could also be used to judge the extraordinary dimensions of this ship, truly extraordinary for that time. In addition to the crew, which would have been very numerous to be able to sail a similar ship, it took on board 600 musketeers, 400 men with swords and rodelas, and 300 artillerymen. In addition to including 366 bronze pieces.
As historians point out, this galleon had a steel tackle on the beck, with which, in the second attack, it broke the iron chain with which the moors closed the entrance to the port of Goleta. There is even Tapestry of the series The Conquest of Tunis designed by Jan Cornelis Vermeyen & woven by Wilhelm de Pannemaker in 1549-1551, in there we can see the Galleon St John Baptist nicknamed Bota Fogo "Set Fire".
It is undeniable that the aforementioned galleon, to which the people gave the name "Bota Fogo" due to the great amount of fire vomited from itself, rendered great service in that memorable action, not only due to the activity of its fire, but also because it was directed in a superior position, which was the cavalier of the other ships of the fleet and of the port's own batteries.
This galleon was built in Portas do Mar, one of the navy arsenals in Lisbon, by master João Gallego; which began on August 29, 1533, and which, employing 230 workers in its construction, launched into the sea on June 24 of the following year.
In other words, at least since 1534 we have evidence that galleons were already being built in Portugal.
The fact that Charles V of Habsburg, the emperor of Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, part of France and Italy, as well as king of Spain, specifically asked the king of Portugal for the Galleon St John Baptist to lead the attack to Tunez in 1535, demonstrates that only Portugal had such a powerful ship and only Portugal had galleons.
There are reports of the construction of Portuguese galleons since 1518 and in Spain just seven decades later. England only built its first galleon 100 years later.
the Space Shuttle of the 15 hundreds...
YES THESE SHIPS WERE THE SPACE SHIPS OF YESTER YEAR.
@@aimaction7393 i was lucky enough to be inside one, a copy of "São Cristóvão" Bartolomeu Dias caravel when he passed the cape of good hope , that copy ( "Boa Esperança " is at Mossel Bay museum ( south Africa ), and it was built here at Portugal at Vila do Conde shipyards beck in 1990, and sailed to Lisbon , when it finaly departed to South Africa.
The caravel to world exploration and travel was like the American jeep in WW2. They were both so versatile and EVERYWHERE.
the lack of intelligence is also something that is everywhere
@@silveriorebelo2920 So is herpes
I learned a lot from this video. Thank You for the information.
Very informative , nicely executed report.
Very nice video. Short, to the point, good information.
You deserve many more subscribers.
Thanks!
You are welcome and thank you for the kindness. It is much appreciated.
Thanks for the history lesson
I am happy that portugal did something great in the past pitty now its a mess a beautiful place to go but its ofter underrated its one of the most diverse country you can find in europe
I didn't know Portugal is a mess now...
Portugal has become a mess since expats and digital nomads invaded the country!
They are diverse?
Initially, the triangular sail of the caravels was called "la trina" (the triangular) in Italian. This gave origin to "latina" (lateen) which is a rather inadequate name for a sail copied outright from the arabic Dhows.
Calling it triangular does seem rather sensible as it describes the sail rather than its origin. That variations of the word latin is used in Northern Europe simply came about, because the sail was seen on vessels from the Latin countries. It might not be the exact origin, but it shows the route the design took up through Europe.
@@leclubdaventuredoutre-mer you learned the sails and their names from Portugal and Spain - who already called it "Latin" in the 1500s and who, by the way, were not called "latin countries" back then.
Since we are at it, there never was any craddle of civilization in Europe. The misnomer "Western Civilization" is but the current stage of expansion of the middle eastern civilizations: Mesopotamian and Egyptian.
Thank you for making this.
Amazing video gang👌👌👌👍👍👍
As Captain Luffy would often say.. "Coooool !!!"
Very interesting. What is the reason why square-rigged ships can't sail into the wind as well as a triangular-rigged ship can?
It is not really the actual shape that does it, but how they are fitted to the mast. A square rig goes across the mast, while fore-and-aft rigged sails like the lateen sail have the the mast as close as possible on one side. This means that when turning into the wind a square rig will start to flap in the wind far earlier due to the part of the sail that is ahead of the mast, while the fore-and-aft rig can remain stretched in shape behind the mast. So it is a question of how far into the wind you can maintain a useful shape of the sail.
Good expla ation. Of interest might be ghe fact that Portuguese ships often carried both types of sail so they could choose the most efficient method. This was most likely the clincher.
Great video! Very informative. Thank-you
Siempre fui fan de las Carabelas, aunque no entiendo por qué muchos juegos de guerra naval no tienen Carabelas y si barcos como bergatines, balandras, etc. Me pone un poco decepcionado xd
Helped me a lot in Civ 6 so changed the world for me
Same😂😂 I didn’t know the difference between ships and caravels until this vid
ruclips.net/video/ppjekjrFsYw/видео.html
I don't think somebody having an accent takes away even a tiny bit from the narration. The narration was informative I'm sure the Dhow was a major influence... but I'd modify the credit for the lateen sail with the comment that the byzantines in the 7th Century already had it on their Drummonds dromons which were galleys with two Banks of oars and at least one lateen sail
Thank you for the kind words and the input regarding the Byzantine dromons.
narration at 1.25 speed helps
nice video
Definitely helps some.
Insert depressed AOE2 Portuguese music
The Portuguese discovered the prevailing winds of the Oceans and they learnt to cross the Seas at the right time of the year with the season's winds in their favour. Lateen sails were not important in the Portuguese discoveries. There wasn't a single caravel on the small fleet Vasco da Gama took from Lisbon to India. Vasco da Gama's ships were large war and merchant vessels (called "nau" from the Latin navis) with square sails. These Portuguese "nau" ships were built, indeed just like the smaller caravels, with the revolutionary carvel boat building system. The carvel construction is a shell first system allowing for larger and stronger ships and it replaced the ancient clinker-built hulls. The great importance of the caravel is that they were the first carvel-built ships that the northern-Europeans on the Atlantic ever saw, hence the name they use for that new type of hull construction.
the 'Iberian' caravelle??? - so much effort to wayside Portugal - Spain has had nothing to do with the discovery of the caravel
Portugal is on The Iberian Penninsula.
@@rsnc23duuuhhh!😅
Awesome!
Is there a reason this sailing vessel was developed by Europeans and not another culture in the 1400s? What kept native Americans from sailing to Europe? Did native people have the concept of the pulley essential to sailing?
The caravel was developed based on earlier nautic traditions like the dhow combined with other Mediterranean designs, so the caravel specific necessitated that tradition, which did not exist in the Americas. Furtermore the larger cultures in the Americas were predominantly inland cultures. Those who could have made ships like the caravel would be the Arabs and the Asian cultures.
What set Europe apart was that there was a motivation to set out south around Africa and across the Atlantic, because they wanted to find a way to east Asia to acquire spices and other luxury products that were prohibitively expensive from the overland routes. The same motivation lacked in the other direction.
Another great video!
Highly enjoyed it.
Vasco de Gama instead of Vasco Takahama
Is this boy Portuguese too? His accent is similar to Iberian’s
His accent it is not "iberian", is dutch.
Portugal change the world. The first nation travelling all around the world. Colombo was portuguese.
The lateen sail was an evolution from the square sail rig. Sailors first used it in the Mediterranean during the Roman Empire. The lateen sail is the first fore-and-aft sail and goes along the line of the keel. According to Lucien Basch, a Belgian historian focusing on maritime, the lateen rig appeared in a painting from the Hellenistic period, around 1st century BC in Alexandria.
Experts excavated and reconstructed a ship that dates back to ca. 400 AD. And the experts concluded that the lateen sail existed even earlier than what studies suggest and Replaced the Square sail. The lateen sail had mostly replaced the square sail by the 6th century in the Mediterranean. The lateen sail was also used by the Byzantine dromon war gallery, which was the most important warship of the Byzantine period. The lateen sail has used as the flagship of Belisarius in 532 AD as well. More excavations showed evidence that many navies used the lateen sail from the 6th to the 10th century. The lateen sail slightly changed in the 13th century, after sailors developed the hook-shaped masthead.
No, the lateen sail is not the first fore-and-aft sail invention... The Austronesian first developed it since the 2000 BCE with their crab crawl sail model spreading throughout the pacific ocean
@@tytoalba4794 they never existed. The confluence of people in an area doesn't equate with modern theory. Also no evidence of vessels in the vicinity 2000 BC. You could say they were Greeks or the Sea Peoples of the Mediterranean. or possible Egyptians and Indians.
Los primeros hombres que dieron la vuelta al mundo fueron españoles. Y Magallanes se naturalizo español ya que en Portugal no se le queria.
The first men to circumnavigate were not Spanish. Magellan was Portuguese and Henry, his servant was from the area near where Magellan died. They met on Magellan's first trip going eastwards years before and when Magellan joined the Spanish Henry was by his side. It was only when Henry recognised they were in the Philippines did they know the two of them had made it. The rest of the crew under El Cano (a mixed bag of nationalities) only became circumnavigators upon their return to Spain. The ship's log had a 24 hour discrepancy as proof. Only one ship made it. The Vitoria.😊
They learn from the Austronesians
Well we certainly know this is not a robot ,do we need all the big gaps when you're talking ?
And then we have the Chinese ships of the 2nd Ming Dynasty….
The coasht?
Dutch accent
@@bambooflute2589 No "Sh" in Dutch. Danish.
Lol, wessels
it's the narrator's Danish accent. i like it
How good are you at pronouncing other languages?
Are you cry?
"wessels"... hahahaha
rather use AI as a voiceover mate!
No. The person's voice is nice sounding
ARE YOU DANISH?😅
Depending on your definition: Yes🙂
Content is great/awesome, but the narration is below average. I know english is not your 1st lang but please avoid the huge stops between words and "singing" the words.
Really? Reeealllly? Stop and think before you post.
@@iAmEhead what? It was a fair criticism.
This
" how R. Gart changed the world."
@@iAmEhead or what? Are you gonna cry into your starbucks?
Except for the Chinese I guess
And the Arabian (?) dhows on which these rigs were based. It was a matter of who went first, I guess.
@@tonybarnes3858 No. Arabs and Chinese were always coast huggers. There is no comparison
Not so, ignoramus. The Chinese were merely coast huggers.
Very good video except for the poor narration.
This truth will suprise you that
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djong_(ship)