How to Analyze Negligence on a Torts Essay (Pt. 6): Actual & Proximate Causation
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How to Analyze Negligence on a Torts Essay (Pt. 6): Actual & Proximate Causation
NEGLIGENCE
To hold a defendant liable for negligence, the plaintiff must establish the following four elements by a preponderance of the evidence: (1) the defendant owed a duty to the plaintiff to conform to a specific standard of care; (2) the defendant breached that duty; (3) the breach was the actual and proximate cause of the plaintiff’s harm; and (4) the plaintiff sustained actual damages or loss.
CAUSATION
Once we establish that the defendant breached the duty of care owed to the plaintiff, the next question is whether the defendant was the actual and proximate cause of the plaintiff's harm. To hold a defendant liable for negligence, the plaintiff must establish that the defendant's breach was BOTH the actual and proximate cause of her harm.
ACTUAL CAUSE ("BUT FOR" CAUSE)
To prove actual cause, the plaintiff generally must show that her injury would not have occurred but for the defendant’s breach.
However, if traditional "but for" causation cannot be shown, most courts are willing to implement a "substantial factor" test. Under a substantial factor test, actual cause can be established if the defendant's breach was a substantial factor in bringing about the plaintiff's harm.
PROXIMATE CAUSE
To prove proximate cause, the plaintiff must show that her injury was a foreseeable result of the defendant’s breach. An intervening cause is an outside force or action that contributes to the plaintiff’s harm after the defendant’s breach has occurred. If the intervening cause is unforeseeable, it is a superseding cause and the defendant’s liability to the plaintiff is cut off from that point forward. (Further negligent acts are considered foreseeable. Criminal acts, intentional torts, and nature-induced "acts of god" are considered unforeseeable.)
Under the eggshell plaintiff rule, the defendant is liable for all harm suffered by the plaintiff, even if the plaintiff suffered from an unforeseeable, preexisting mental or physical condition that aggravates the harm.
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Law student here and this makes so much sense.
I wish law is taught first without cases
Glad it's helpful for you!
This guy is genius :) You are born a teacher
Absolutely!
Your explanations are clear and precise. Thanks for taking the time to do this!
No problem, happy to help!
Haha, the meteorite example took me out 🤣🤣. Thank you for being a teacher capable of impacting knowledge! You have taught me negligence in the easiest way possible and I’ve got a great grasp of it! Thanks for the subtle humors too
1L here. Finally, I understand proximate causation. Studicata earned a new subscriber today.
Awesome-welcome aboard!
Wow! You are very good! Excellent explanation, thank you!
No problem, happy to help! 💪
You're very good at explaining everything! Great video!
Thank you for the support!
thank you! your lectures are foreign attorney friendly!
He is so good 👍at this...
My professor has never been able to teach this as clearly as you have in a few short videos, Thank you so much!
That’s how it needs to be explained! Thank you!
Happy to help!
will you take my torts professor's job thx
Lol, I am available for hire . . . 🤗
@@studicata take mine first
@@studicata do you tutor :D
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Lesson learned -- no texting and driving!
😅😅
This man is gifted!
Great video, I am not a lawyer but I find this video very educational.
Hi the Torts Damages is not here, could you upload it please? Your videos are great!!!
Great video and explanation! One question/comment I'm curious about. When the meteor hits the ambulance, it makes sense that the original driver is not liable for any injuries arising out of that accident (say, the broken arm). However, if the doctor still performed a negligent operation on the leg injury that the driver initially caused, I would think the driver is still liable, because a negligent operation on that original injury is still foreseeable. What do you think?
superceding cause breaks the chain, its no longer foreseeable as the meteorite is now what is responsible
you make law of torts interesting thank you very much !
the DOOTY i love the way you emphasize words LOL thanks for all these lessons I would have failed torts without you
That is very good teaching, he said he is going to talk about the part for damage in the following lecture it should be Pt. 7 but I could not find anywhere, I would be appreciated if anyone can point it out.
Finals crunch time savior .
oh my god i finally get it now. thank you for this video :)
Here we go! Thank you! ❤️🙏🏻😭
teaching law is not at all an easy thing to do but you have a vocation for it and law in general
holy cow I have to use the F word, YOU ARE SO FKING GOOOOOD!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
You had me at "but for"
Wow! All acts of negligence are foreseeable.
I am sitting for the bar in a week. Can you do a video on defamation and products liability?
Gifted lawyer and law teacher
I guess I'm 4 years late, but thank you for making these videos. Super helpful resource
Overthinking here; if the meteorite kills the “plaintiff”? Wouldn't the Defendant still be the actual/proximate cause and subject to liability under derivative claims?
😂
Amazing explanation!
Uhmm.. Prof...you are great.Thanks so much. You have really helped me. Keep this going please.
Can anybody help me find the next "damages" video for the negligence essay analysis..unable to find it in this playlist... it would be really helpful!
very well explained
Thank you!
Thank you for cleaning my concept
What about if i put agun at home andit automatically opened without any touching it and it caused death?,
Funny that everyone here knows what ad nausium means! My first research paper was returned bleeding with red ink, saying “ we’ve discussed this ‘ ad nausium ‘ in class. “ haha
On eggshell plaintiff, why not just say D is liable (no sever PC) bc it's foreseeable type of harm but unforeseeable 'extent' of injury? Calling it an "exception" can be a bit confusing.
Well explained, sir!
Amazing Seris. Thank You!!!!
thank you so much, its so helpful.
could proximate cause also be referred to as cause in law or remoteness of damage?
What is the reason for actual cause being a thing then? Can you even have proximate cause without actual cause? Why not just require proximate cause?
Do you have a part 7 for damages
Excellent videos
Great videos. Great hair.
helpful.. thank you
Thanks.
No problem!
I'm not saying it's wrong, but treating future negligence by other parties as foreseeable seems like a ridiculous system. Where does the negligence of the other party come into play? In your example, are you and the other driver jointly liable for the broken arm, and are the three of you (you, the other driver, and the surgeon) jointly liable for the amputated leg?
I know an awesome school on Rhode Island where you should be teaching.
Where is the damages video?
What are defenses to these 3 foreseeable negligent acts?
Beneficial
You are great!!
You are the man
Thank you!
yes sir
Where’s the damages video?
How long this chain of liability might last?
Until an unforeseen event happens that would break the chain of liability
Pro Tip: Always wear undershirt when taking bar exam.
The summation of actual and approximate cause: Don't text and drive.
What if the wheel comes off the ambulance during the transport? Does strict liability in tort break the chain of causation? Exasperation or exacerbation? By the way, you are hot bro.
ily