Inductive Sensor Explained | Different Types and Applications
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- Опубликовано: 29 июн 2024
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⌚Timestamps:
00:00 - Intro
00:59 - Sensing range
03:24 - Parts
04:11 - Working principle
04:28 - Types
04:56 - Advantages
05:25 - Mounting
06:59 - Applications
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In this video, we will explain what an inductive sensor is, how an inductive sensor works, some of the different types of inductive sensors, and we will also talk about some of the ways these sensors are used in automation.
An inductive sensor is an electronic device that can detect ferrous metal targets without physical contact. Inductive sensors will also detect non-ferrous metal targets. But using non-ferrous metal targets decreases an inductive sensor's sensing range.
The sensing range of an inductive sensor is the distance from the sensor’s face to the maximum distance the sensor can detect a metal target.
The sensing distance can be found on the sensor's datasheet. The datasheet will also show some correction factors when you want to detect a non-ferrous metal.
Brass, aluminum, and copper are examples of non-ferrous metals.
If the object is a non-ferrous metal, meaning it does not have a significant amount of iron within it, you need to consider a simple correction factor when defining the sensing distance.
The four major external parts of an inductive sensor are the body of the sensor, the sensor’s face, the indicator light, and the cable end or cable connector end.
Inside the sensor’s body is where the circuitry that makes the sensor work is located.
The face is the part of the sensor that detects the targets.
The indicator light turns on when the target is within the sensors sensing range.
The sensor’s cable has three different colored wires in it, brown, blue, and black. These sensors are available with a cable that is already attached or they can have a connector that the cable screws on to.
How inductive sensors work is the sensor creates an electromagnetic field that emits from the sensor’s face. Putting a metal target near the sensor’s face will disrupt the electromagnetic field, causing the sensor’s output and indicator light to turn on.
Inductive sensors are available in a lot of different configurations. They can be AC or DC, shielded or unshielded, normally open or normally closed, NPN or PNP just to name a few.
They also make inductive sensors for hazardous, high-temperature, and washdown locations.
For washdown locations, we need to use a shielded inductive sensor.
Inductive sensors are solid-state and do not have any moving parts. This makes them very reliable because they usually only need to be replaced when they get physically damaged.
Things like dirt, sawdust, oil, and grease will not affect how inductive sensors detect targets.
Depending on the type, some of these sensors can be mounted by just bolting them in place or drilling and tapping a hole that is the same size and thread as the sensor.
To connect the sensor to the tester, connect the brown wire to the sensor voltage + terminal, connect the blue wire to the sensor voltage - terminal, and connect the black wire to the sensor outputs #1 or #2 terminal.
When we move the bolt into the inductive sensors sensing range, the indicator light turns on and stays on. When we move the bolt away from the sensor, the indicator light turns off.
If this sensor’s output was normally closed, the indicator light would be turned off when the bolt is at the sensor and the light would be turned on when the bolt is away from the sensor.
Inductive sensors can be used to detect part in place at workstations, at conveyor stops, and even at robots.
They can be used to detect if an air cylinder is extended or retracted and if a pallet stop or chain transfer is raised or lowered.
Inductive sensors can be used to detect if a pallet is centered on a turntable before it starts to rotate. Let’s say this turntable is rotated by a motor with a gearbox and the motor is controlled by a VFD. Inductive sensors can be used to tell the VFD when to slow down and stop.
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#RealPars #inductivesensor #Sensor
You made the video well so that it is easy to understand. Thank you for the video.
You are welcome!
Thank you Realpars. All your videos I like them
We appreciate that!
This video is superb! Great work!
Thank you very much!
Thank you soo much for all this wonderful videos guys!!
Our pleasure, Abdou!
Great video, congratulations for the easy way to present the subject.
Glad you enjoyed it!
It would have been helpful to explain how exactly the internal circuit works, some people assume they use radar which is wrong. Also the output stage is important. The main competition with inductive sensors is mechanical switches and they have advantages in how they can be wired which transistor outputs do not.
Thank you for the comment. You are correct, no radar is used! Basically, these sensors use an oscillator circuit to cause a fluctuating magnetic field to be created via an inductor, which will pass a certain amount of current which is detected by the sensor circuit. When an object comes near, this magnetic field is modified, leading to a different current detected in the circuit, which leads to a switching of the sensor state.
Thank you very much. I hope you continue give videos about sensor it is very useful. So thanks again.
Glad to hear that, happy learning!
Put a video of how speed monitoring sensors works and it's applications
Great work done by Real pars .. animations are awesome.
Glad you like them!
Thank for your work, it's awesome!
Glad you enjoy it!
Very good explanation. I received every answers about inductive sensors. Thank you very much sir.
Glad it helped!
Thank You Real Pars
You're very welcome!
What an excellent explanation,,, thanks you so much team realpars you make my work very interesting
Thank you, Kiran!
thanks for realpars
You're very welcome, Asad!
Thank you sir..very helpful information 😇❤
You're very welcome!
Thanks, very usefull lecture
You're very welcome!
Very good explication.
Glad you liked it!
muito bom!!!
Super sir ❤️
Cool video all my questions answered. The machines I work on rotate and I want to add a feedback to know when the object being rotaed has stopped or jammed
Glad to hear that our lesson has been helpful to you! Happy learning
great video
Excellent explanation Sir
Thanks a lot!
Thanks a lot.... Great
Most welcome!
Great information 👍 @realpars
Thank you, Avinash!
Good video session.
Thank you, Welsh!
Very informative
Glad you liked it, Darrel!
Awesome video..
Thank you, Amin!
Top notch
Thanks a lot
You're very welcome, Mel!
very informative
Glad it was helpful!
nice explanations
Thanks and welcome!
Please make more videos on analytical instrumentation
Thanks for the feedback and suggestion, I will happily pass it on to our course developers, Avinash!
Please we need a video about inductif sensor NAMUR vibrations type ... Btw thanks for your videos it helps me alot
Hi Youcef!
Thanks for your comment and your suggestion. I will pass this on to our course developers!
Thanks for sharing and happy learning!
They already did one on NAMUR proximity sensors, but not sure if you are asking about NAMUR vibration sensors?
ruclips.net/video/0hPVyFPcVAM/видео.html
NAMUR sensors are typically used with an intrinsic safety barrier. That limits the amount of power available at the sensor and limit it's availability to store energy so it can't cause a spark hot enough to cause an explosion.
Great! Is there a difference between inductive and magnetic sensors? Do they have the same working principle? Both have a magnetic field, right?
Hi Julio,
This would make for a great new video course! I will pass this on as a topic suggestion to our course developers.
Happy learning!
@@realpars Did you make a video on this yet?
This is good
Thank you!
Again; thanks a million times for your amazingly explained videos!
Yet, I've a short question please,
May i get the link to the Tester you used @ 06:05
i do highly appreciate your reply
The tester used in the video may not be available any longer. An alternate can be found here: www.pepperl-fuchs.com/global/en/classid_146.htm?view=productdetails&prodid=13178. There are others you can find by searching for "proximity sensor tester" with your favorite web browser.
@@realpars
I really can not thank you enough,
you are doing an amazing job over RUclips platform !
Hello and thanks for your video! May I know your opinion if the sensor can be damaged by the sensing object without touching the sensor? I am sure that is not possible but I have to prove it to my boss!
I do not believe a proximity sensor can be damaged by an object without the object physically touching the sensor. Dust or grime buildup can affect the sensor and could possibly cause it to malfunction (sense an object when one is not present), but this does not damage the sensor. The only damage I have seen with proximity sensors is damaged caused to the internal circuits when they are used to switch too high of a load (like a motor).
Excellent video. Is inductive sensor same as the proximity sensor? Thanks.
The short answer to your question is "yes". Proximity sensors are a class of sensors used to detect the proximity of an object to the sensor. In this video, we talk about inductive proximity sensors. There are other types of proximity sensors, such as capacitance and Hall Effect proximity sensors.
@@realpars Thanks for your excellent reply. Keep it up.
Kindly make a video on analog inductive proximity sensors
Also Incremental and absolute encoders plus it's application on packaging machines
Hey!
Thanks for your comment and your suggestion. I will pass this on to our course developers!
Thanks for sharing and happy learning!
Is this different with variable reluctance sensor ( for application in detect rpm speed )?
Variable reluctance sensors are pretty much the same. Hall effect sensors are also similar and have better responses at lower speeds. The key is to match the response time of the sensor to the application it is being installed in. The switch needs to have a short enough switching frequency to be able to return to the "zero" state between pulses at maximum speed
Can I use the inductive sensor as a conductive sensor by reversing the negative/positive connections to positive/negative. Please advice.
No. For AC sensor, there will be no change in operation. A magnetic field is produced and the sensor will continue to act as an inductive sensor. For a DC sensor, the device will cease to work if the leads are reversed (actually, there are 3 wires for a DC inductive sensor). DC inductive sensors are solid-state devices that require a specific polarity to function.
As per the datasheet, the distance factor mentioned for steel is 1 means 12mm, if I use painted steel then the distance factor will vary?
It may vary slightly, but in my experience, painted steel should give the same response at the same distance as unpainted steel. As with any proximity switch, test the switch with a sample of the material you are trying to sense. Not all steel reacts the same to the same switch, since the composition of steel varies with type.
@@realpars thanks
For aircraft/aviation applications, is circuit normally closed or normally open? Please also send me a link if you have a specific video for aircraft applications. Thanks!
Thank you for your question. Sorry, we do not have any specific videos for aeronautical applications. Circuit sense (normally open or normally closed) is usually independent of the process type and dependent only on the application. Applications where a proximity switch would need to cut off a circuit when the switch point is reached would typically be in a normally closed circuit. If the switch needs to enable a circuit, that would be a normally open circuit.
Thank you for the explanation..
I have a doubt, if capacitive sensor can sense both metallic and non metallic objects then why we are using inductive sensor!?
Please help me with this!
Inductive sensors typically have a faster response time and a higher switching frequency. They are usually more reliable and less expensive. The biggest advantage of inductive sensors is that they are insensitive to non-metallics: i.e., they are not affected by dust, coatings, etc.
@@realpars Thank you
Dear sir , please make a video about vibration sensor and it's transmitter and why we send 230v ac for it
Hey!
Thanks for your comment and your suggestion. I will pass this on to our course developers!
Thanks for sharing and happy learning!
@@realpars I'll be waiting sir..
❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
I have a question is it applicable in conveyor positioning coal industry in coal power plant with coal dust all over it? will the dust affect its sensitivity ? thank you
As stated on the video, only physical damage can affect the sensor, see video time at 5:17. Dust can not do harm or destruct the sensor as it will continue operate as long as it is serviced and well mentained.
@@raphaelmahumane1648 thank you I though coal is a metal, the i researched and i learned than coal is non metam
@@jedalvinaliwalas8051 I see, I thought you needed it for something else not coal. Thanks.
👍
Can this sensor be used for rotation detection? Flat smooth surface wheel is rotating without any holes or anything on it. How can I detect wheel is rotating? If this sensor cannot do it what can I use?
To use an inductive sensor with a rotating wheel, the wheel would need to use a special version of an inductive sensor, known as a Hall Effect sensor. This sensor looks like most other capacitive or indictive proximity sensors, but specifically can detect the presence of a magnetic field. You would need to have magnetic material mounted on the surface or embedded in the rotating disk or shaft at several places on the circumference. Using a proximity switch with a fast response time, you can count the number of magnetic pulses as the item rotates. The rate of the pulses is proportional to the speed of the wheel. The only other way to determine rotation is to have a device attached to the shaft with a pickup sensor. These are also magnetorestrictive or hall effect sensors, but rather than embed something in the wheel itself, a disk is slipped over and affixed to the shaft to provide the rotating magnetic targets (e.g., www.electro-sensors.com/products/shaft-speed-sensors/series-18).
Sir please explain pressure vessel sir
Hey!
Thanks for your comment and your suggestion. I will pass this on to our course developers!
Thanks for sharing and happy learning!
can I use a non-conductive material to block the inductive signal from the sensor so that it will not detect an object in range?
Hi there,
Thank you for your question! As mentioned in our video, the sensor operates by generating an electromagnetic field. Depending on the specific manufacturer and the information provided in the sensor's datasheet, it may be possible to effectively obstruct the electromagnetic field using a non-conductive material such as a thick piece of wood or rubber. We wish you success with your experiment and hope you find valuable insights.
Happy learning from RealPars!
how we can differentiate the proximity sensor to inductive sensor and functions?
The best way is to refer to the datasheet provided by the manufacturer. Even after working with over 1000 of these devices over the past 30 years, I still find it better to refer to the datasheets as opposed to trying to guess as to how a particular device works, its sensing range, wiring, and action (NO/NC).
first thank you. could you please give me some lessons that how the normally-open would be closed electrically? I mean in case of electromagnetic what happens exactly?
Thanks for your suggestion, Mehrdad! I will go ahead and add this to the list.
Thanks again for sharing and happy learning!
I'm facing a little problem at my production plant,My Toaster plant is trip every 15 mints where inductive sensor is place near vibratory motor conveyor,tell me the solution how to fix this and my production does not stop, Thanks
Is inductive sensor a example of proximity sensor ?
Thank you for your question. Yes. As our video explained, proximity and inductive sensors are exchangeable words depending on the sensor you need. Here is a link you can learn more about these products. Pick your country and read about the different devices you can purchase and the manufacturers who make them. us.rs-online.com/view/search?keyword=inductive%20senesors
Happy learning!
@@realpars Sir Can you answer me one thing If in Examination if it is asked write proximity sensor can we write inductive sensor as one of its type or inductive proximity sensor is different from normal inductive sensor?
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are there NO or NC types can be called as NPN or PNP. or those are different types.??
Great question! NO/NC and NPN/PNP are two different, but related concepts. Normally open contacts do not pass current when they are in their "normal" or at-rest state. The same is true for an NPN transistor when its base is held at 0V. However, I can arrange two NPN transistors to form an NPN inverter, in which case it will act as a normally closed arrangement. It is best to think of transistors as logic elements that drive the final state of the device. Always refer to the manufacturer's datasheet for the device to make sure you understand the behavior of the device. Here is a website that sells proximity switches: www.mcmaster.com/proximity-switches/dc-metallic-object-proximity-switches-9/. If you look through the list, you can see that there are NPN and PNP devices available in both normally open and normally closed switch designs. I know, it is a little confusing, but remember, NO vs. NC and NPN vs. PNP are two different design decisions that need to be made.
hello, may i ask how it can detect if the metal is magnetic or not?
The only way to do so is to use a small magnet and test it on the metal in question. If you know what metal it is, you can search for its magnetic properties on the internet. But be careful; materials under a single name may vary in composition and magnetic properties. Best way to use a magnet to find out.
Can we identify the sensor visually whether is it PNP Or NPN
Only if you can trace the wiring. In PNP, the black wire will be connected to the positive or signal terminal of the PLC input or positive side of the device. For NPN, the black wire is connected to the negative side of the PLC input or device. If you can't see the wires, the wire colors are "lost" when connected in a marshaling panel, or you can't trace them back at all, then read the model number off of the sensor and look up the specifications in the manufacturer's documentation.
What is the difference between shielded and non shielded inductive sensor
Flush-style sensors actually have a shield that restricts the magnetic field so that it only radiates out of the face of the sensor. ... Non-flush, or unshielded sensors, do not have the shield around the end of the sensor so the field can radiate from the face to the sides of the sensor in a larger pattern.
You have to watch how close you install shielded and non-shielded sensors to each other. It's typically going to be called out in the sensor specs.
How we can address these sensors such as NCN3-F31
Hey!
Thanks for your comment and your suggestion. I will pass this on to our course developers!
Thanks for sharing and happy learning!
NPN - Normally Close
PNP - Normally Open
You are wrong.
NPN - Which gives output negative.
PNP - Which gives output positive.
Depending upon Application we use that .
Ex For sinking we use PNP
For sourcing we use NPN
@@SathishTech07 thanks for the info👍