Hey metatron noticed two languages dialects of greek related to the ancient doric greek variety spoken by sparta I think it would make for an interesting video if you can find more info on them. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsakonian_language en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maniots. or alternatively you could do a video on the norman language and its dialects. its interesting since it still exists and maintains many old french influences and has some old norse influence even today, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_language.
There is so much similarity because Arabic is the original language of Europe. Old or classic Arabic to be more precise. This is why numbers we use are also Arabic. Obviously, mainstream history will tell you something much more different. Research Anatoly Fomenko and David Ewing Jr.
Bahador has said before in either an interview or one of the videos that he's lived in Canada since he was a child, and hasn't been back to Iran in a long time. But he still speaks Persian.
So in Spanish we say "Guitarra" which comes from Andalusian Arabic قيثارة (qīthārah) which in turn came from Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithara). Fun fact, the modern guitar originated in Spain 🇪🇸
modern guitar was a direct decendant of oud and since it didnt have the double strings it is considered a qitharah not an oud of course it has underwent many developments overtime
reminds me of how both the Arabic instrument qanun and the English word canon come the Ancient Greek word κανών, which means like a measuring stick or rod. In English, it refers to a text that is considered standard, while in Arabic it refers to one of the only instruments that have fixed pitches, so the other instruments use it to tune to. Same with gene in English and jins (ajna pl.) in Arabic, which is a musical parent scale from which specific melodic tropes called maqamat (pl.) (maqam sg.) are derived. Both come from Ancient Greek but the reason the Arabic word has an s and the English one doesn't is that the English word comes from the feminine γενεά (genea) and the Arabic one comes from the masculine γένος (genos). Genos is a very vague word that can mean everything from race to gender to breed to descendant, but genea is more about birth and offspring and can also mean type of people, like genos can.
Wrong. There was no ancient Greek. The word gitara, guitarra, comes from Arabic, which is the original language of Europe. This is why numbers we use are also Arabic.
Yes, that's one of the examples it's always given when presenting Arabic influence in Portuguese. I think in the Middle Ages it also had the sense of "beggar".
@@GazilionPT in arabic beggars can be miskin and it is used in some contexts( trying to make others compassonate about a beggar ) to mean that however the word miskin means a lot more than just a beggar
It would be so cool if you could get Gaia, the Sicilian speaker on your channel for an interview or a conversation or something. I think that could be a very educational video.
The Word "Mamluk" does mean Slave or one who is owned, but it is also the Term used for the Mamluk Sultanate which Ruled Egypt and most of the Levant from 1258 until the Ottoman Conquest in the 1520s. They were Turkic Slaves brought from the Caucasus and Central Asia as children to Egypt and Trained in specialty military schools to become Solders and Generals. They rose to take over the Rule of Egypt when it was threatened by the Mongol Invasion in 1258 and managed to defeat them at the battle of Ein Jaloot in Palestine. They were a formidable military power who fought against the Crusaders in Palestine until they managed to drive them out. Many of those Crusaders fled to Cyprus, Sicily and Malta carrying with them animosity towards the Mamluks who fought them. Thus the change of the meaning of the word to the Italian/Sicilian word for "fool" or "Idiot".
The Maltese language, I believe is Arabic as spoken in medieval Sicily but of course now written in the Latin script and with a high % of Italian words.
Fairly accurate the foundation of the language is semitic and around 60% of the vocabulary is from Sicilian specifically. As a native Maltese speaker who knows some Italian, it's always fun to hear Sicilians throw semitic words like "mischinu" or "ciciulena" instead of the standard Italian ones.
As a native Arabic speaker who is learning Portuguese and Spanish, I was surprised at how much I can understand of Maltese. I think within weeks of immersing I'd be able to speak it fluently.
@@atrumluminariumif you understand Tunisian Arabic you understand a very high percentage of Maltese, especially if you have a Latin vocabulary as well.
Rais has its origin from Arabic Ra'is meaning leader, yes, but it is also used specifically in the way Gaia pronounced it all over the Arabic shores of the Med sea to specifically mean "Captain of a boat". It was popularized by the Ottomans thanks to the Heroics of the Famous North African captain Hayreddin Barbarossa Who was called "Rais". He was also called "Ameer Al Bahr" meaning "Prince of the Sea" from which the world Admiral comes.
aziz also means the highly respected one ..azzazza in arabic means made it fortified for a military position or treat it dearly for a person and in some context it can mean spoiled by gifts
Can we all agree that the Mediterranean is the best region in human history and has given us so much. I say this as a southern shore native with partial ancestry on its northern shores
5:50 In Portuguese we have the word "arrais", which as far as I can see means basically the same as in Sicilian: the "arrais" is the master of a fishing vessel. The "ar-" is just the Arabic definite article (which in at least some dialects changes from the standard "al-" to "ar-" when the following word starts with an "r", as is the case). From the little I know of Hebrew, I would guess Arabic "ra'is" conveys the meaning of "head" (or something thereabout).
In Arabic we still use Arraies to indicate the captain of the ship, even theirs a Labanese song about it, called All Hands on Deck (kinda) عندك بحرية, يا ريس
Yes exactly. Rrais is from the root for head (ras in Arabic rosh in Hebrew). So Rais is he who heads something, and has given the modern word for President in Modern Arabic. In Morocco Rais used to refer to the captain of a boat. Greetings
Sicily is the culmination of centuries of Mediterranean intermixing and must be protected and cherished by all of us from the Mediterranean. I have always admired in particular the wisdom of the Norman kings as opposed to the darkness and fundamentalist of Isabella of Spain
It’s impossible not to have an “accent” when speaking MSA. However the accent will be VERY limited since MSA is still its own dialect. So she stills speaks MSA and very close to the normal accent you’d expect from MSA. Maybe her only fault is her J’s are a bit too “soft”, that’s it really.
@@Ahmed-pf3lg It depends on what you mean by impossible. There are people who study arabic their whole life. and try to speak as original as is possible. I found her accent definetly very noticeable very softspoken(which is nothing bad).
There is NO PROPER MSA accent. MSA is actually an ancient dialect that has been preserved in writing and formal speech only. Nobody uses it in ordinary conversation, and so there is no one right way of pronouncing it.
Love this kind of videos. Also watched the Greek vs. Sicilian one. As a greek, "kithara" was the only one that i recognized. And Gaia looks very much like the perfect greek women to me.
My yiayia used to use the word aziz as well. However, she was from Chios and there was heavy Turkish influence on the chiotiko dialect. The younger modern chiotes of today don’t tend to use many of these words.
@@steliosmaris My people come from Minor Asia (Constantinople and Smyrna). Also heavy influence. I am born and raised abroad, but never forgot my roots. Also interested in the similarities of different languages..Their also seems to be a link between Ancient Greek and Chinese (similar word for yiayia yeye)
7:39 Regarding English and Italian, I only recently learned that the way that sheet music from Anglophone employs Italian words in musical notation and what musicians do with those instructions can actually be somewhat different than actual Italian. Allegro means "happy" for example, but ask most English speaking musicians would say from music notation that it means "quick" or "fast".
Wait, Panormus is the capital of Sicily nowadays? I'm stuck in the Roman Empire, thinking it's still Sýracúsae. 11:19 The origin of guitar/chitarra and Arabic qithara is Latin cithara, Greek κιθάρα. 13:05 Latin /r/ often comes from Old Latin /z/ (retracted). Example aeris
Love the video, thank you. As a Lebanese I also want to take the opportunity to point something out to people. Just to let them know a bit more about who we are as Lebanese. It's true that we're Arabic speakers (among other languages), and we're proud of that. That is the definition of Arab today. But we're not actual Arabs by blood or culture, we are simply *Lebanese*. We have our own history and we're a Mediterranean people btw. That's why Greeks and Italians will tell you they see a lot of commonalities between us, in addition to our unique characteristics as well.
In Spanish we have the word "mezquino" also coming from the Arabic "miskin", however its meaning has evolved into describing someone that is mean, miserly. Dictionary says that it can still be used for "small", but I've never heard it used that way in my life.
I want to add more flavour to this video clip, by adding the Maltese word for the words they chose. Gzira - Island, Tebut - Coffin, Miskin - Poor thing, Ras - Head (In the literal sense, la testa, but it can also mean leader in old Maltese..., Djar - houses,Gungliena - sesame, Gitarra - guitar, Xrar - arguments, Ghaziz - someone very dear.
I knew a lady who was born in Lebanon once, long ago. Her husband and my ex-step-father were co-workers, first officers for Omni Air International back in the day. When she was little, her family fled to Israel when another Christian purge was happening, and from there Israel helped them immigrate to South Africa. After growing up, she met a man, a pilot from South Korea, and went out on a date with him, and was nervous about confessing that she was a Christian, then suddenly he nervously said to her “truth is, I’m a Christian, Jesus is my Lord and Savior, I just felt like I should be up front about that since you are Lebanese,” and she nearly fell out of her chair! Needless to say, they got married and moved to the US. I got to visit them as a teen when they lived in Virginia Beach, VA. Their twin sons were a hair younger than me, and the oldest son was just entering college, so I think 6-7 years older than me. She learned how to cook Korean food from her in-laws, but also made the best homemade chickpea dip I’ve ever had. (“Hummus” is merely the word for “chickpea” on its own, not “chickpea dip”, fun fact.) I still have it since she wrote it out for me. Amazing cook, amazing testimony!
Meaning changes during the loaning process is interesting. Both Turkish and Indonesian have this word "miskin", but in Turkish it means "lazy, lethargic" and in Indonesian "poor" as in financially poor.
Guitar really is of arabic origin or at least it was spread to spain during the arabic occupation, i cannot say for sure if it is maybe greek originally, but the arabs spread it to Europe. And you really should do a special video o about another word that reflects basically hundreds of years of European history: cherry, sherry, jerez, kiraz, cerise, Kirsche,... It is absolutely fascinsting how it spread.. Also in turkish there is a second kind of cherry called 'visniye' (a bit smaller, elongated and sour) which you can find in slavic languages.
Miskin is present in other romance languages. In french "mesquin", in romanian "meschin", but the meaning is a lot more pejorative, meaning small minded or petty.
Not only does arabic rrrrequire the rrrrolling of "R"rrrs, there is a specific symbol in the diacritical notation in some texts that shows you where emphatic pronunciation is rrrrrequired. This notation is called a "shadda" and is used on consonants and vowels but is most fun when it lands above the letter "raa" Thanks Metatron. It would be fun to see you react to the Phonecian settling of Sicily prior to the Greeks. They brought their semitic language with them long long ago
6:20 There is a song in arabic literally using rais to refer to a captain of some sort "Do you have sea men oh rais" As a kid i always wondered why they used such a word for a captain which could have been Qubtan but the i thought it might have been for rhyming the words or something. So even in arabic it seems such a word could also describe a captain (even though nowadays it's more used as a president)
it is intresting to me that last bit where you talked about to go in latin is "iri" and it is very similar to "ira" in taclhit whitch is a dialect of tamazight . "ira" is a verb that means to want and in the context of places means to go ex: "righ tigmi" i am going home😅
@@brashabrasha8481I hope that variations of Berber are being written down and preserved...as well as spoken records. It is important to record slang as that is the life blood of a living language
In arabic they've unlock the full package for the "r" well except the english one, they got ر wich is a rolled/thrilled r, غ wich sound like the french "r" and even a mutant version of it خ, which sound like the duch "g" that you know and love. And I've also heard ر pronounced as a spicy version of a jjj in arabic and flemish dutch a bit similar to sicilian's but I don't know how big of a thing it is in arabic because I'm still in my early learning.
haha yea, as a native Arabic speaker I've always noticed that my hearing of the "r" sounds is more developed. When I was learning Portuguese I noticed that when they have a double rr sometimes they use غ but other times خ and no one notices that, they think it's all the same but to my ears they're completely different. p.s. I never heard the "jjj" before. Good luck on your learning!
@yuzan3607 for the jj I've only heard it in a sound and at the end of a sentence it wast a full jjj but still like a chatbot ended in a inbetween jj and sh so it reminded me of what he said about some sicilan r's, but it is more about where the tong ends up when ر has no vocalised vowel than a full time replacement. But yeah I'm not convinced myself it's a real thing because it was music with probably just an accent that I've linked to something I already knew.
About sesame seeds, I find curious that in Spain they use sésamo while in most American countries we use ajonjolí, which I find pretty close to the arabic word of juljulan, only with the article fixed, like most of Arabic words in Spanish.
The word "juljulan" is more common on the north African arabic spoken countries than the eastern one ,where they use the word "semsem or sumsum" instead. While sumsum is less used, it's know but wired to say it. Theirs alot of examples like that some words are usual in some parts and less on the others.
As a Maltese native I can tell you it's VERY close considering they're from completely different language families. Especially when it comes to culinary and trade terminology like farming. There's not much good Maltese content online for Metatron to do a good video about tho sadly.
Just like in Sicilian, in Spanish we use "ir" for the verb "to go". We also use "andar", but it only means "to walk", as opposed to "to go". In Catalan, for "to go" they use "anar" though, which I guess is closely related to "andare".
5:19 In Morocco we pronounce it like the Sicilians, My dad use it more with his friends that has handcrafting profession. And it used to call the captain of a boat or a ship. 9:57 In Morocco we still use this word, some says 'jljlan' or 'znjlan'.
Ecolinguist's channel compares many languages to another to see how comprehensible they are to each other. He has MANY Romance comparisons, many of which have Italian dialects compared to other Romance languages. I am sure you will enjoy them! You will be amazed on how well they can understand each other!
7:44 this happened with the word "querer" in Spanish meaning "to want", it doesn't come from the latin origin of italian's "volere" it comes from another word which had a similar meaning, something more similar to "desire", and most other romance languages that I've seen use a variation of "volere", in french "vouloir", and if I'm remembering correctly, catalan has both words from both origins.
It doesn't, it's always voler, at least in valencian catalan. Spanish has querer for both "to want" and "to love" but we have "voler" and "estimar" or "amar". Can't think of a word that sounds similar to querer.
keep in mind that the closest Arabic variation to the southern european languages is the north african western arabic or the Darija, most of these words aren't in the Darija dialect but in the standarised Arabic (Fusha Arabic) which was made in the 20th century (late Arabic) meaning that these words very likely are of Latin and Greek origin rather than Arabic.
The pronounciation of Miskin from Rita is correct but a bit skewed into the Lebanese dialect. When you mentioned that the "e is more of an eh" that is where the Lebanese pronounciation kicked in, in Modern Standard Arabic you can pronounce the "e" as "ee" and it will sound more accurate to the standard. As goes for the word Diyar, the Lebanese pronounciation is Dyar, the MSA one is Diyar or Deeyar. Shijar can also be an argument and does not have to include physical contact in Arabic meaning.
Jujulena in Spanish is Ajonjoli, the "A" at the beginning is the Arab article that was also adopted into the Spanish borrowing from Arabic from which we have gotten over 4000 words!
شجار confused me...thought it was plural for trees ..used in some dialects for اشجار but I guess it is the noun from یشاجر ..wonder if this is literary or spoken... i'd probably say یعارک and عرکة for to fight, a fight respectively
Interesting enough, turkish also took these words from arabic. So I understood when these words came up. Miskin, reis, tabut, diyar (in turkish it means land not house), and aziz. Memluk doesnt mean slave in turkish but it refers to the state run by slaves in Egypt from 1200s to 1500s.
I love your reaction and honesty about being even aware. I am surprised about "mischinu/miskin" since we also use a derivitive of it in Greek too. But mostly for children derived from Turkish "mickiniko" as in "look at that miskiniko", but I used to hear that mostly my mother & grandmother & since i am "cut-off" from Greece for over 30 years (ομογενείς) Greek living abroad, it might have fallen out of favour now. It was somewhat common up to Gen X for context. Btw, loved your Sicilian - Greek too. Your idea about doing more about the dialects of Sicily & Greek sounds awesome. Love your channel& views on so many topics and levels too. Edit: also "azzizzari" it triggered my memory only when YOU described it did it click. It is used in Greek too but derogatorily, as in "τζιτζί κοκό" (tz = zz in Sicilian?) Looking "spick & speck" or "looking good" to impress others.
Bahador is originally from Iran, but he has lived in Canada since he was a child, which is why he speaks perfect Canadian English. 🙂 I don't know if he actually speaks Arabic, but he does still speak Persian, which has a lot of Arabic loans, so I think that's why he said "The way we say...".
Check out Ecolinguist as well for language comparisons....like this one ruclips.net/video/VCtg1upDmWs/видео.html Italian Language | Can Spanish and Portuguese speakers understand it?
In nizzardo abbiamo anche qualche cose : meschìn, babasuk ( che era la porta del mercato, ma è tornato come un modo per gli nizzardi veri come essendo la vecchia città, il cuore della città istorica), camalu anche che trovi in altri luoghi liguri, vene del " armar " asino, perché camalu è quando portiamo per lavori per costrozione o altri. qualcosa veramente pesanto. Articòta anche (la verdura )ecc... Chitara anche dicciamo ecc...
Yes. Sicilian and Maltese in particular would be closer to Siculo-Arabic whose closer relative is Tunisian Arabic. Maltese sounds like Tunisian to me with a lot of Italian words.
I know it as "mischinu" with a "u." My family was from Agrigento and Messina provinces, but also because my grandparents were born in the early 20th c. their Sicilian was less influenced by Italian, so words almost always ended in "u" instead of "o."
I think it is commonly thought that the Lebanese Arabic is the most beautiful variant. See the channel of Talia Lahoud, her singing in her mother tongue is out of this world. (Also Fairouz, a famous Lebanese group.)
Approximately how many "sub-dialects" are there within Sicilian? And do you think these "cognates" are merely coincidental--or are they a result of Sicilian contacts with Arabic?
in Spanish the word ajonjolí exists and is used in some countries but I'd say at least in Spain sésamo, it comes from the Andalusin Arabic dialect. Personally I didn't even know that word existed, and apprently its gergelim in portuguese
Gabibbo comes from habeeb in Arabic (as in come to Dubai habeebi) also I think mameluke in Sicilian has a connotation related to emasculation, because many slaves used to be castrated.
11:22 I guess quithara is one of the many words that traveled from Europe back to Europe through Arabic, it is originally Greek then it was Arabized. There is no Arabic root for Qaf Thaa Raa.
Certain Spanish accents have that same change with the rolled R. In the Mexican Spanish I speak it's mostly associated with educated women from Mexico City, but it's not exclusive to them. They only do it on syllable-final Rs, though, and it's the voiceless version of the sound
We have mameluco in portugues, too, we learn in history classes the origin of the world remoting to caucasian slaves in turkish converted to islam, BUT, in old Brazillian portuguese it was used to describe people with mixed white with native indians. Mostly a slur word, tough.
![Seungmin "그렇게, 천천히, 우리(As we are)" | [Stray Kids : SKZ-PLAYER]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/kAzmhLHePqU/mqdefault.jpg)
Link to the original video
ruclips.net/video/95TELgdVAnU/видео.html
Hey metatron noticed two languages dialects of greek related to the ancient doric greek variety spoken by sparta I think it would make for an interesting video if you can find more info on them. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsakonian_language en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maniots. or alternatively you could do a video on the norman language and its dialects. its interesting since it still exists and maintains many old french influences and has some old norse influence even today, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_language.
The RR becoming a G happens in some parts of the interior of Argentina. And it's also common to call a person a "cristiano" and "paisano".
There is so much similarity because Arabic is the original language of Europe. Old or classic Arabic to be more precise. This is why numbers we use are also Arabic.
Obviously, mainstream history will tell you something much more different.
Research Anatoly Fomenko and David Ewing Jr.
Bahador Alast is Iranian, living outside Iran for now. I would recommend the Ecolinguist channel as well Oat least the Latin/Romance videos).
Occitan, Spanish and Catalan was good
The romance speakers vs Latin was good too, I suggested that channel on his other Sicilian video. So I hope your comment blows up.
Bahador has said before in either an interview or one of the videos that he's lived in Canada since he was a child, and hasn't been back to Iran in a long time. But he still speaks Persian.
He's been a Canadian citizen since he was a young child. He may be ethnically Persian, but his nationality is Canadian.
So in Spanish we say "Guitarra" which comes from Andalusian Arabic قيثارة (qīthārah) which in turn came from Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithara). Fun fact, the modern guitar originated in Spain 🇪🇸
modern guitar was a direct decendant of oud and since it didnt have the double strings it is considered a qitharah not an oud of course it has underwent many developments overtime
@@obaidaserdar1780 no, it doesn t.
@@alex.profi27 oh it is
reminds me of how both the Arabic instrument qanun and the English word canon come the Ancient Greek word κανών, which means like a measuring stick or rod. In English, it refers to a text that is considered standard, while in Arabic it refers to one of the only instruments that have fixed pitches, so the other instruments use it to tune to.
Same with gene in English and jins (ajna pl.) in Arabic, which is a musical parent scale from which specific melodic tropes called maqamat (pl.) (maqam sg.) are derived. Both come from Ancient Greek but the reason the Arabic word has an s and the English one doesn't is that the English word comes from the feminine γενεά (genea) and the Arabic one comes from the masculine γένος (genos). Genos is a very vague word that can mean everything from race to gender to breed to descendant, but genea is more about birth and offspring and can also mean type of people, like genos can.
Wrong.
There was no ancient Greek.
The word gitara, guitarra, comes from Arabic, which is the original language of Europe. This is why numbers we use are also Arabic.
4:15 Interestingly, we have "mesquinho" in portuguese, which means "petty" or "miserly".
Yes, that's one of the examples it's always given when presenting Arabic influence in Portuguese.
I think in the Middle Ages it also had the sense of "beggar".
In Aragonese we say mesquino it means the same (mesquí in Catalan).
In Spanish it's mezquino, kinda like stingy too
I've seen it being used to mean someone who doesn't like to spend money (same as pão-duro). Or doesn't like to share their things, especially food
@@GazilionPT in arabic beggars can be miskin and it is used in some contexts( trying to make others compassonate about a beggar ) to mean that however the word miskin means a lot more than just a beggar
That was in another of Bahador's videos, comparing Arabic and Brazilian Portuguese. The Portuguese speaker had a bit of a hard time guessing it. 😅
It would be so cool if you could get Gaia, the Sicilian speaker on your channel for an interview or a conversation or something. I think that could be a very educational video.
The Word "Mamluk" does mean Slave or one who is owned, but it is also the Term used for the Mamluk Sultanate which Ruled Egypt and most of the Levant from 1258 until the Ottoman Conquest in the 1520s. They were Turkic Slaves brought from the Caucasus and Central Asia as children to Egypt and Trained in specialty military schools to become Solders and Generals. They rose to take over the Rule of Egypt when it was threatened by the Mongol Invasion in 1258 and managed to defeat them at the battle of Ein Jaloot in Palestine. They were a formidable military power who fought against the Crusaders in Palestine until they managed to drive them out. Many of those Crusaders fled to Cyprus, Sicily and Malta carrying with them animosity towards the Mamluks who fought them. Thus the change of the meaning of the word to the Italian/Sicilian word for "fool" or "Idiot".
The Maltese language, I believe is Arabic as spoken in medieval Sicily but of course now written in the Latin script and with a high % of Italian words.
I follow some Maltese speaker teaching and sharing maltese, its a very beautiful language i want to say.
As an Iraqi Arabic speaker I could understand a lot of spoken Maltese.
Fairly accurate the foundation of the language is semitic and around 60% of the vocabulary is from Sicilian specifically. As a native Maltese speaker who knows some Italian, it's always fun to hear Sicilians throw semitic words like "mischinu" or "ciciulena" instead of the standard Italian ones.
As a native Arabic speaker who is learning Portuguese and Spanish, I was surprised at how much I can understand of Maltese. I think within weeks of immersing I'd be able to speak it fluently.
@@atrumluminariumif you understand Tunisian Arabic you understand a very high percentage of Maltese, especially if you have a Latin vocabulary as well.
Rais has its origin from Arabic Ra'is meaning leader, yes, but it is also used specifically in the way Gaia pronounced it all over the Arabic shores of the Med sea to specifically mean "Captain of a boat". It was popularized by the Ottomans thanks to the Heroics of the Famous North African captain Hayreddin Barbarossa Who was called "Rais". He was also called "Ameer Al Bahr" meaning "Prince of the Sea" from which the world Admiral comes.
That is folk etymology, but the "admir" part does come from "amir"
aziz also means the highly respected one ..azzazza in arabic means made it fortified for a military position or treat it dearly for a person and in some context it can mean spoiled by gifts
Bahador is originally Iranian but lives in Canada.
As a native Arabic speaker who is also fluent in Italian, this was veeeery interesting!
Fluent in both Arabic and Italian - that's a very interesting mix
@@SxVaNm345 i really like languages and i speak Arabic, English, Italian, German and currently learning Russian.
Can we all agree that the Mediterranean is the best region in human history and has given us so much. I say this as a southern shore native with partial ancestry on its northern shores
5:50 In Portuguese we have the word "arrais", which as far as I can see means basically the same as in Sicilian: the "arrais" is the master of a fishing vessel.
The "ar-" is just the Arabic definite article (which in at least some dialects changes from the standard "al-" to "ar-" when the following word starts with an "r", as is the case).
From the little I know of Hebrew, I would guess Arabic "ra'is" conveys the meaning of "head" (or something thereabout).
In Arabic we still use Arraies to indicate the captain of the ship, even theirs a Labanese song about it, called All Hands on Deck (kinda)
عندك بحرية, يا ريس
In Arabic "ras" is head. "ra'is" has similar roots to "ras" but it's more of an adjective of being the head.
Yes exactly. Rrais is from the root for head (ras in Arabic rosh in Hebrew). So Rais is he who heads something, and has given the modern word for President in Modern Arabic. In Morocco Rais used to refer to the captain of a boat.
Greetings
I watched this Bahador video a while ago but this was absolutely a treat to view again with @metatron Sicilian commentary. Thank you!
Sicily is the culmination of centuries of Mediterranean intermixing and must be protected and cherished by all of us from the Mediterranean. I have always admired in particular the wisdom of the Norman kings as opposed to the darkness and fundamentalist of Isabella of Spain
Rais has exactly the same meaning in North African arabic Rais is a captain of a ship. It basically means one who runs something, presides.
in brazilian portuguese, MAMELUCO describes a white-indigenous mixed-race person;
JULJULAN is GERGELIM
We have the word sésamo as well, meaning the same thing
I think the best Arabic word that corresponds to "azzizzari", which is also a verb, is "يعزز" which means to boost or enhance
Yes definitely, I did not think of that! Thanks for mentioning that.
She pronounces MSA with a lebanese accent. There is a standard pronounciation but only people who study this know this very well.
It’s impossible not to have an “accent” when speaking MSA.
However the accent will be VERY limited since MSA is still its own dialect. So she stills speaks MSA and very close to the normal accent you’d expect from MSA. Maybe her only fault is her J’s are a bit too “soft”, that’s it really.
@@Ahmed-pf3lg It depends on what you mean by impossible. There are people who study arabic their whole life. and try to speak as original as is possible.
I found her accent definetly very noticeable very softspoken(which is nothing bad).
There is NO PROPER MSA accent. MSA is actually an ancient dialect that has been preserved in writing and formal speech only. Nobody uses it in ordinary conversation, and so there is no one right way of pronouncing it.
@@aag3752 There is definitely a PROPER Fus'ha accent. It's the one taught in the Qur'an.
@@mhosni86no
Ecolinguist channel is also really good, they have a nice format usually with 3+ languages and they all try to understand full sentences/descriptions
Love this kind of videos. Also watched the Greek vs. Sicilian one. As a greek, "kithara" was the only one that i recognized. And Gaia looks very much like the perfect greek women to me.
My yiayia used to use the word aziz as well. However, she was from Chios and there was heavy Turkish influence on the chiotiko dialect. The younger modern chiotes of today don’t tend to use many of these words.
@@steliosmaris My people come from Minor Asia (Constantinople and Smyrna). Also heavy influence. I am born and raised abroad, but never forgot my roots. Also interested in the similarities of different languages..Their also seems to be a link between Ancient Greek and Chinese (similar word for yiayia yeye)
7:39 Regarding English and Italian, I only recently learned that the way that sheet music from Anglophone employs Italian words in musical notation and what musicians do with those instructions can actually be somewhat different than actual Italian.
Allegro means "happy" for example, but ask most English speaking musicians would say from music notation that it means "quick" or "fast".
Wait, Panormus is the capital of Sicily nowadays? I'm stuck in the Roman Empire, thinking it's still Sýracúsae.
11:19 The origin of guitar/chitarra and Arabic qithara is Latin cithara, Greek κιθάρα.
13:05 Latin /r/ often comes from Old Latin /z/ (retracted). Example aeris
@@Thelaretus I was to a few years ago, that shocked me badly
Love the video, thank you. As a Lebanese I also want to take the opportunity to point something out to people. Just to let them know a bit more about who we are as Lebanese. It's true that we're Arabic speakers (among other languages), and we're proud of that. That is the definition of Arab today. But we're not actual Arabs by blood or culture, we are simply *Lebanese*. We have our own history and we're a Mediterranean people btw. That's why Greeks and Italians will tell you they see a lot of commonalities between us, in addition to our unique characteristics as well.
@@aag3752 cringe
@Ahmed-pf3lg Your opi nion on this isn't important, unfortunately.
Exactly bro. Long live Lebanon 🇱🇧
'taeziz' تعزيز in arabic could be closer to the word azzizzari ... it's a verb and means to promote something/someone or to reinforce
In Spanish we have the word "mezquino" also coming from the Arabic "miskin", however its meaning has evolved into describing someone that is mean, miserly. Dictionary says that it can still be used for "small", but I've never heard it used that way in my life.
@@georgezee5173 I wonder if that's in Spain only, because in Mexico it means wart
I want to add more flavour to this video clip, by adding the Maltese word for the words they chose. Gzira - Island, Tebut - Coffin, Miskin - Poor thing, Ras - Head (In the literal sense, la testa, but it can also mean leader in old Maltese..., Djar - houses,Gungliena - sesame, Gitarra - guitar, Xrar - arguments, Ghaziz - someone very dear.
I knew a lady who was born in Lebanon once, long ago. Her husband and my ex-step-father were co-workers, first officers for Omni Air International back in the day. When she was little, her family fled to Israel when another Christian purge was happening, and from there Israel helped them immigrate to South Africa. After growing up, she met a man, a pilot from South Korea, and went out on a date with him, and was nervous about confessing that she was a Christian, then suddenly he nervously said to her “truth is, I’m a Christian, Jesus is my Lord and Savior, I just felt like I should be up front about that since you are Lebanese,” and she nearly fell out of her chair! Needless to say, they got married and moved to the US. I got to visit them as a teen when they lived in Virginia Beach, VA. Their twin sons were a hair younger than me, and the oldest son was just entering college, so I think 6-7 years older than me. She learned how to cook Korean food from her in-laws, but also made the best homemade chickpea dip I’ve ever had. (“Hummus” is merely the word for “chickpea” on its own, not “chickpea dip”, fun fact.) I still have it since she wrote it out for me. Amazing cook, amazing testimony!
Só interesting! Portuguese also has a lot of influence from arabic, but the only word in common in this video was MAMALUK, mameluco in Portuguese.
Meaning changes during the loaning process is interesting. Both Turkish and Indonesian have this word "miskin", but in Turkish it means "lazy, lethargic" and in Indonesian "poor" as in financially poor.
I am the grandson of Sicilian grandparents. Love the old Sicilian. Gugulena cookies are my favorite. We use strieri
Guitar really is of arabic origin or at least it was spread to spain during the arabic occupation, i cannot say for sure if it is maybe greek originally, but the arabs spread it to Europe.
And you really should do a special video o about another word that reflects basically hundreds of years of European history: cherry, sherry, jerez, kiraz, cerise, Kirsche,... It is absolutely fascinsting how it spread.. Also in turkish there is a second kind of cherry called 'visniye' (a bit smaller, elongated and sour) which you can find in slavic languages.
Miskin is present in other romance languages. In french "mesquin", in romanian "meschin", but the meaning is a lot more pejorative, meaning small minded or petty.
I’m learning French and I learned that ‘to go’ is ‘aller’ but the future tense is ‘ir-‘ so ‘j’irai/tu iras etc.’ like ‘ire’ in Sicilian. crazy.
*J'irai je morphes to j' in front of a vowel.
@ thanks •_•
Not only does arabic rrrrequire the rrrrolling of "R"rrrs, there is a specific symbol in the diacritical notation in some texts that shows you where emphatic pronunciation is rrrrrequired. This notation is called a "shadda" and is used on consonants and vowels but is most fun when it lands above the letter "raa"
Thanks Metatron. It would be fun to see you react to the Phonecian settling of Sicily prior to the Greeks. They brought their semitic language with them long long ago
6:20
There is a song in arabic literally using rais to refer to a captain of some sort
"Do you have sea men oh rais"
As a kid i always wondered why they used such a word for a captain which could have been Qubtan but the i thought it might have been for rhyming the words or something. So even in arabic it seems such a word could also describe a captain (even though nowadays it's more used as a president)
it is intresting to me that last bit where you talked about to go in latin is "iri" and it is very similar to "ira" in taclhit whitch is a dialect of tamazight . "ira" is a verb that means to want and in the context of places means to go
ex: "righ tigmi" i am going home😅
another fun thing i learn few days before in latin a donkey is "asinus" and in tamazight a baby donkey is "asnus"
@@brashabrasha8481I hope that variations of Berber are being written down and preserved...as well as spoken records. It is important to record slang as that is the life blood of a living language
Maybe these are old loanwords from African Latin in Roman Empire times: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Romance
There is a great video on maltese on that channel but it’s very long
In arabic they've unlock the full package for the "r" well except the english one, they got ر wich is a rolled/thrilled r, غ wich sound like the french "r" and even a mutant version of it خ, which sound like the duch "g" that you know and love. And I've also heard ر pronounced as a spicy version of a jjj in arabic and flemish dutch a bit similar to sicilian's but I don't know how big of a thing it is in arabic because I'm still in my early learning.
haha yea, as a native Arabic speaker I've always noticed that my hearing of the "r" sounds is more developed. When I was learning Portuguese I noticed that when they have a double rr sometimes they use غ but other times خ and no one notices that, they think it's all the same but to my ears they're completely different.
p.s. I never heard the "jjj" before.
Good luck on your learning!
@yuzan3607 for the jj I've only heard it in a sound and at the end of a sentence it wast a full jjj but still like a chatbot ended in a inbetween jj and sh so it reminded me of what he said about some sicilan r's, but it is more about where the tong ends up when ر has no vocalised vowel than a full time replacement. But yeah I'm not convinced myself it's a real thing because it was music with probably just an accent that I've linked to something I already knew.
@yuzan3607 And thank you !
About sesame seeds, I find curious that in Spain they use sésamo while in most American countries we use ajonjolí, which I find pretty close to the arabic word of juljulan, only with the article fixed, like most of Arabic words in Spanish.
The word "juljulan" is more common on the north African arabic spoken countries than the eastern one ,where they use the word "semsem or sumsum" instead. While sumsum is less used, it's know but wired to say it.
Theirs alot of examples like that some words are usual in some parts and less on the others.
14:40 As far as I remember Bahador is Persian living in Canada but speaks multiple languages
How close is maltese to Sicilian ? because it is quite smilar to Maghribi arabic dialect
As a Maltese native I can tell you it's VERY close considering they're from completely different language families. Especially when it comes to culinary and trade terminology like farming. There's not much good Maltese content online for Metatron to do a good video about tho sadly.
Just like in Sicilian, in Spanish we use "ir" for the verb "to go". We also use "andar", but it only means "to walk", as opposed to "to go". In Catalan, for "to go" they use "anar" though, which I guess is closely related to "andare".
In Tunisian dialect there is "rayss" (prnounced the same way as "ràis" in Sicilian and it is used in the same context (a navy leader or a boat sailor)
5:19 In Morocco we pronounce it like the Sicilians, My dad use it more with his friends that has handcrafting profession. And it used to call the captain of a boat or a ship.
9:57 In Morocco we still use this word, some says 'jljlan' or 'znjlan'.
You should hear Maltese
It as if arabic with Italian accent
5:39 in Algerian Arabic Dialect we actually still use the word Rais for a fishing boat captain
Metatron, in neapolitan whe say tauto for coffin, same origin, you must have heard it in Naples
There are a number of these words that are also used in swahili, which also has some arabic origins
8:40 "de hors" might be from French rather than Arabic (place to sit outside a restaurant or cafe)
Bahador is originally from Iran, now living in Canada
In portuguese we also have maluco (crazy/fool guy) for mamluk
Yes, maluco is crazy, but probably not coming from mamluk.
Ecolinguist's channel compares many languages to another to see how comprehensible they are to each other. He has MANY Romance comparisons, many of which have Italian dialects compared to other Romance languages. I am sure you will enjoy them! You will be amazed on how well they can understand each other!
رئيس الصناعة
Ra'is al -sena'a
this is became "Arsenale" in english and european languages
originally meant "leader of construction'"
7:44 this happened with the word "querer" in Spanish meaning "to want", it doesn't come from the latin origin of italian's "volere" it comes from another word which had a similar meaning, something more similar to "desire", and most other romance languages that I've seen use a variation of "volere", in french "vouloir", and if I'm remembering correctly, catalan has both words from both origins.
It doesn't, it's always voler, at least in valencian catalan. Spanish has querer for both "to want" and "to love" but we have "voler" and "estimar" or "amar". Can't think of a word that sounds similar to querer.
keep in mind that the closest Arabic variation to the southern european languages is the north african western arabic or the Darija, most of these words aren't in the Darija dialect but in the standarised Arabic (Fusha Arabic) which was made in the 20th century (late Arabic) meaning that these words very likely are of Latin and Greek origin rather than Arabic.
The pronounciation of Miskin from Rita is correct but a bit skewed into the Lebanese dialect. When you mentioned that the "e is more of an eh" that is where the Lebanese pronounciation kicked in, in Modern Standard Arabic you can pronounce the "e" as "ee" and it will sound more accurate to the standard.
As goes for the word Diyar, the Lebanese pronounciation is Dyar, the MSA one is Diyar or Deeyar.
Shijar can also be an argument and does not have to include physical contact in Arabic meaning.
I'd love to see a reaction to 'can modern english speakers understand old english' by ecolinguist
Jujulena in Spanish is Ajonjoli, the "A" at the beginning is the Arab article that was also adopted into the Spanish borrowing from Arabic from which we have gotten over 4000 words!
2:45 Like the television station from Arabia?
Yes "Al-Jazira" means "the island" or "from the island"
Bahador is an Iranian
In tunisia we use the term "Ra'is" in the same manner as in sicilly, to mean the person responsible of a boat (not only fishing boats though)
شجار
confused me...thought it was plural for trees ..used in some dialects for اشجار
but I guess it is the noun from یشاجر ..wonder if this is literary or spoken...
i'd probably say یعارک and عرکة for to fight, a fight respectively
شجار
from Classical Arabic root شجر "to have a dispute"
the verb from it يتشاجر
It is literary.
Interesting enough, turkish also took these words from arabic. So I understood when these words came up. Miskin, reis, tabut, diyar (in turkish it means land not house), and aziz. Memluk doesnt mean slave in turkish but it refers to the state run by slaves in Egypt from 1200s to 1500s.
"diyar" in Arabic also means homeland or hometown. It is the plural form of the word "dar" which means house.
I love your reaction and honesty about being even aware.
I am surprised about "mischinu/miskin" since we also use a derivitive of it in Greek too. But mostly for children derived from Turkish "mickiniko" as in "look at that miskiniko", but I used to hear that mostly my mother & grandmother & since i am "cut-off" from Greece for over 30 years (ομογενείς) Greek living abroad, it might have fallen out of favour now. It was somewhat common up to Gen X for context.
Btw, loved your Sicilian - Greek too.
Your idea about doing more about the dialects of Sicily & Greek sounds awesome.
Love your channel& views on so many topics and levels too.
Edit: also "azzizzari" it triggered my memory only when YOU described it did it click. It is used in Greek too but derogatorily, as in "τζιτζί κοκό" (tz = zz in Sicilian?) Looking "spick & speck" or "looking good" to impress others.
Bahador is originally from Iran, but he has lived in Canada since he was a child, which is why he speaks perfect Canadian English. 🙂 I don't know if he actually speaks Arabic, but he does still speak Persian, which has a lot of Arabic loans, so I think that's why he said "The way we say...".
Check out Ecolinguist as well for language comparisons....like this one ruclips.net/video/VCtg1upDmWs/видео.html Italian Language | Can Spanish and Portuguese speakers understand it?
In nizzardo abbiamo anche qualche cose : meschìn, babasuk ( che era la porta del mercato, ma è tornato come un modo per gli nizzardi veri come essendo la vecchia città, il cuore della città istorica), camalu anche che trovi in altri luoghi liguri, vene del " armar " asino, perché camalu è quando portiamo per lavori per costrozione o altri. qualcosa veramente pesanto.
Articòta anche (la verdura )ecc...
Chitara anche dicciamo ecc...
I wonder if the similarities would be bigger if the Arabic dialect were Tunisian
Definitely. It would be a nice video to see Sicilian, Tunisian and Maltese compared.
Yes. Sicilian and Maltese in particular would be closer to Siculo-Arabic whose closer relative is Tunisian Arabic. Maltese sounds like Tunisian to me with a lot of Italian words.
9:46 Wrong. "Diyar" means several houses, it's a plural form. The singular is "dar".
Diyar can mean "home of" when it refers to a group of people though.
arabs colonized Sicily for 3 centuries and there was a state called emirate of Sicily that's way there's some Arabic vocabulary in Sicilian language
I know it as "mischinu" with a "u." My family was from Agrigento and Messina provinces, but also because my grandparents were born in the early 20th c. their Sicilian was less influenced by Italian, so words almost always ended in "u" instead of "o."
I think it is commonly thought that the Lebanese Arabic is the most beautiful variant. See the channel of Talia Lahoud, her singing in her mother tongue is out of this world. (Also Fairouz, a famous Lebanese group.)
rais in most near sea dilacts especially alexandrian egyptian refers to exclusively the one who leads the shipping
we also have miskin/miskina in french but we've just stolen it from arabic quite recently
Finally, the true language returns to Emiraat Al Siqilliya
(just kidding, don't send a crusade against me in the comments)
Approximately how many "sub-dialects" are there within Sicilian? And do you think these "cognates" are merely coincidental--or are they a result of Sicilian contacts with Arabic?
From his name I think that the host is Persian. Some Arabic terms would have been borrowed into Persian.
17:21 it's 'ir' in Portuguese.
Yes, and "andar" is to walk.
@@sledgehog1Same for both in Spanish.
2:30 bahador alast is an Iranian Canadian
i think bahador is from iran but he lives in canada
10:16 In Algeria we call sesame Jeljlan
Kayen les algériens fhad la chaine🎉
@@abcdalgerienbayna 😂😂😂😂😂
in Spanish the word ajonjolí exists and is used in some countries but I'd say at least in Spain sésamo, it comes from the Andalusin Arabic dialect. Personally I didn't even know that word existed, and apprently its gergelim in portuguese
Palermo Airport used to be called “Punta Ràisi” when I was a kid.
Gabibbo comes from habeeb in Arabic (as in come to Dubai habeebi) also I think mameluke in Sicilian has a connotation related to emasculation, because many slaves used to be castrated.
11:22 I guess quithara is one of the many words that traveled from Europe back to Europe through Arabic, it is originally Greek then it was Arabized. There is no Arabic root for Qaf Thaa Raa.
Do you metatron know or speak friulian?
hi, I heard the 'r' as a 'j' in Argentina, Mexico, Brazil and Chechia
I'm from Florence and we also use ire or more commonly ito here, for example "è le ito a dormire"(è andato a dormire) or "è ito"(è andato via)
In Spanish we also use "ir" for "to go". We only use "andar" for "to walk".
As far as I am aware, rais is used in Arabic to establish an equivalent to the word president.
I'm Algerian and I love sicily
Certain Spanish accents have that same change with the rolled R. In the Mexican Spanish I speak it's mostly associated with educated women from Mexico City, but it's not exclusive to them. They only do it on syllable-final Rs, though, and it's the voiceless version of the sound
sicilian is basically vulgar latin mixed with arabic
In Spanish we also have the word mezquino, which means stingy
We have mameluco in portugues, too, we learn in history classes the origin of the world remoting to caucasian slaves in turkish converted to islam, BUT, in old Brazillian portuguese it was used to describe people with mixed white with native indians. Mostly a slur word, tough.
I'm guessing that the word for coffin is related to the Spanish word 'ataúd'.
react to how similar Arabic and Hebrew or on a video on semetic languages root system and grammar
How do they choose the words so there is a word similar to the chosen word in the other language?
There are lists in online dictionaries "Words in language X borrowed from language Y" which describes most of these shared words...
In Spanish we also have "mammaluccu" as "mameluco", only it's a bit out of fashion.
Rafaello? Is it one or two Ls?