I'm learning about Franz Boas's relationship/mentorship with Zora Neale Hurston. He was a major gatekeeper in the field of Anthropology who definitely held problematic beliefs on what could be seen as valid and valuable academic research. When Hurston applied for a Guggenheim fellowship, she chose Boas for a letter of recommendation, but he instead reported that she was "not Guggenheim material"......ZORA NEALE HURSTON! it's baffling.
I would not characterize the move away from Boas as a rejection of cultural relativism. The idea that anthropologists need to understand every culture they distinguish from others, as a particular example of Culture (with a capital C); and, also, that they must understand that culture's development within its own particular cultural logic, based on culture history and environmental circumstances, has remained central to the discipline. However, Boas came to seem unscientific and anti-evolution because he would never espouse a version of evolution that was not consistent with what we might now call the fully synthetic view of Darwinian evolution (i.e., including both gradual change and punctuated equalibria type change, and comprising selection, mutation, gene flow & gene drift). The discipline of anthropology, on the whole, turned toward what they called multi-linear evolution; and, the discipline's overall view of humans as biological organisms became pretty fixed. Over that time, very generally, the discipline of anthropology, at least within the US, has gotten very paranoid about anyone suggesting that it is not "a science," as opposed to a discipline that avails itself of any number of scientific analyses, but that still remembers that "science" as particular to a region of the globe, for period of time, is a subject area for us. Anthropology is a holistic discipline, not that we will ever be a totalizing science, but in that we still include all aspects of human Culture in approaching our studies. Finally, to steal a phrase from Gilles Deleuze, don't forget that when we speak of relativism, here, it not "the relativity of truth, but rather the truth in the relationship" that we are seeking. In this case, "it's relative" is not a moral/value judgement about the content of a particular culture; here, it means tracing the actual associations/connections in the historical development of a particular people.
Thanks for this -- I appreciate what you're doing. As a historian who is working on Great Plains cultures and the "invasion" of the European Empires, I discovered the wonderful work of one of Boas's students, Gene Weltfish, who also taught at Columbia (until they blacklisted her in the McCarthy era). Her book "The Lost Universe" on the Pawnee peoples is exemplary, especially in terms of its interdisciplinary approach. Also love the work of Boasians Frank Speck and A. Irving Hallowell. Thanks again and good luck with all!
Yes because it’s the dogmatic foundation for diversity in the West. It’s also leading the dysgenics in White nations only. Funny how most historical and modern leaders for “equality” and immigration in western nations are J*wish intellectuals. Read Chapter 2 of “The Culture of Critique” by Kevin MacDonald
Forgot to mention in the video-I was a guest on the Comfortable Spot Podcast this week with Ken Sweeney! So, if you want to listen to a long conversation about what makes anthropology so amazing, definitely go give it a listen 🎧Here's the link! thecomfortablespotpodcast.com/2023/05/08/alivia-brown/
while Boas brought about a lot of development in theoretical anthropology, and he was responsible for a push forward, he was not perfect and was also a product of his own times. while we can be grateful for his contributions, we also need to look beyond and go beyond. Franz boas went to the US fleeing political turmoil in Europe and growing anti-semitism before ww1 (connection to the war between France and Germany and the loss of Alsace-lorraine). when he arrived in the US, he witnessed the racism, segregation, lynching of black people as well as the great dispossession of Native American lands. this is also something that prompted him to criticise (now know as the basin takedown) evolutionism in academics. By doing this, he was actually excluded from main circles of academics by those he criticised (Morgan for example). this is why he became a professor and that his students ended up being women, as because of his position he was not taken seriously enough to teach to men (lol!). that is how we got our Zora Neale Hurston, Margaret Mead etc. however, even though he strongly advocated against racism and it is true that he affected museum display curation, he also had his faults in this regard. He actually also did what was popular at the time, human display of cultures. It was popular with evolutionists, and he used this medium as well. Historical particularism (hp) itself has its faults: - does not account for change nor does it have theoretical space for it = static representations - bounded vision of cultures - prone to essentialism keep it up!
Good work. Not sure if you know this, but Boas did a lot of important work with W.E.B. Du Bois as well. Their joint work was important to the rise of the academic side of civil rights and the seeds for the end of scientific racism.
DuBois was a communist and a huge advocate for eugenics. He believed black people had a double consciousness. He was racist as hell. That's why Booker T Washington couldn't stand him.
Currently reading magret mead coming of age in samoa and wow its crazy to think how only 100 years creates such different ideas from todays day and age.
"We know[sic] today that race is not a biological thing🤡" "Franz Boas is so great[sic] because he opposed scientific racism [eg. evolutionary anthropology]🤡" Wow thanks so much Olivia, I just wanted to learn about Franz Boas but you not only told me about him, you also told me how I am supposed to feel about him too!🙄
This was informative! I am currently reading Boas' The Primitive Man, and the understandings he claims in this piece struck me as perpetuating White superiority through academic discourse. Specifically this quote here: “While in most languages we find numeral systems based upon the 10, we find that certain tribes in Brazil, and others in Australia, have numeral systems based on the 3, or even on the 2, which involve the impossibility of expressing high numbers. Although these numeral systems are very slightly developed as compared with our own, we must not forget that the abstract idea of number must be present among these people, because, without it, no method of counting is possible.” (Boas, 1901, p. 4) Although he offers his connections to the mind of man, I took his reading to reflect his own (maybe subconscious) mind/culture preserving bias through the lens of knowledge production and the cultures (peoples) who had the capacity to obtain it. I'm still learning, but I can see now how racist elements are carried through history in "official" academic spaces that create a false sense of entitlement and superiority.
Boas was also the father of salvage anthropology and despite being against scientific racism, his work served to uphold racial stereotypes and the U.S. government's colonialist master narrative. And for someone who supposedly believed “all cultures are equal” he had a funny way of showing it by referring to Indigenous peoples as “weird” and “savage” in his primary works. He also frequently failed to give proper credit to his Indigenous interpreter and informant, George Hunt, whose insights were key to his research for 40 years.
This is great! I was going to do a video on Franz Baos for my channel but I found that he is well covered. This video was great and you should totally do a video on scientific bigotry! That is what drew me to Baos actually.... It must have been four years ago now but I was mocked based on what people presumed my genetics to be thanks to my religion. I started fighting eugenics when the California Department of Fair Housing and Employment told me it was "scientific that Jews are blood diseased" and 'oh but of course it wasn't personal', in a discrimination hearing. Since then I tried to figure out why they thought such eugenic stereotypes were scientific and I came across many champions who resisted such hate fueled ideologies like Franz Baos and Raphael Falk and Curt Stern. Great people! Anyway, I was going to do a video on Franz but I guess I'll just comment and figure out who to make a musicology video on next!
Hi, I worked on this film about Boas in 1978 for the anthropology series Odyssey on PBS. Enjoy! It’s old but I’m still proud of it. ruclips.net/video/YsnsGktc4B0/видео.htmlsi=hRwC9kDrEsq0G-sR
Great video on a great subject! Admittedly, I am highly biased toward Boas, and seeing the centrality of Boasian anthropology restored to archaeology more generally (from Manuel Gamio, Robert Lowie, and Frederica de Laguna onward). Some of my favorite/most used Boas factoids are: For Boas, receiving his education was literally a life-and-death struggle; due to prejudices against him, within the German university system at that time, he bore the real scars of duels he had to fight during his time in school. His methods were so innovative that he found it difficult to find research funding. The major funding institutions of the late nineteenth/early twentieth century simple didn’t recognize ideas like historically particular cultural relativism or participant observation as legitimate ways to undertake scholarly research. He supervised Zora Neale Hurston for some of her post-graduate work. On a personal note, I think Zora would be much better understood as using Sapir’s ideas about language as a way to bring her reader’s into a highly nuanced, culturally-influenced worldview. Her fieldwork from Jamaica and Haiti was published as _Tell My Horse_; it’s great! He died at a luncheon, during a conference/workshop, at which he’d given a speech. Also present at that same luncheon was Claude Levi-Strauss. It was the first time they’d actually met, after having been seated near each other at the head table. On a sadder note than his own death, it is a shame that one of the reasons Boas had to spend so much of his time on the fight against scientific racism was that people were being rounded up in encampments in Europe at that time; and, the divisive rumor being sown in the US, at that time, was that Europe was rounding up it’s undesirables (criminals, the chronically ill, those seen as disabled, etc.), for the express reason of sending them to the US, specifically to undermine the country’s development. The shame being that 100-150 years have gone by, and we still keep finding ourselves faced with that same situation over and over again. My favorite quote that is attributed to Boas is: _“What I want to live and die for is equal rights for all, equal possibilities to learn and work for rich and poor alike !”_ Cole, Douglas. 1983. “The Value of a Person Lies in His _Herzensbildung_.” Franz Boas’ Baffin Island Letter Diary, 1883-1884. In George W. Stocking (ed.) _Observers Observed : Essays on Ethnographic Fieldwork_. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
@@AliviaBrown Thank you for the gracious response. As you can probably tell, Boas is a favorite of mine. Although it has nothing to do with Boas, except that as you rightly pointed out in your video the formal program at Columbia was the first organized department offering a degree in anthropology in the US, another fun factoid is that, based on William A. Haviland's research: the first university to offer an anthropology class for credit was the University of Rochester in 1879.
All countries and cultures are equal? How about Saudi Arabia and the way women have been historically mistreated there? I could give more examples. I must state moral and cultrual relativism is a distortion of reality in my opiniin.
On the one hand you claim evaluating a culture from an absolute standard leads to a subjective evaluation, then immediately say that cultural absolutism is "bad [sic]" and cultural relativism is "good [sic]". Its hard to listen to, embarrassing actually. Can you actually advocate for cultural relativism and describing your viewpoints as "good[sic]" and your opponents as "bad[sic]?"🤮
The power of propaganda: A white man is killed by a black person, the family of the white man goes on national television and apologizes to the black ppl and tells the public to not think it was racially motivated.
I actually talk about it a little bit in this podcast episode! Although maybe I should make a video on it... thecomfortablespotpodcast.com/2023/05/08/alivia-brown/
Cultures are not equal. For example, 1930's German culture was murderous to humanity. A culture is "better" to the extent STEM education and John Locke's "Inalienable Rights" are paramount.
If no culture is better than another, why does everyone want to live in White countries? Why didn't sub-saharan Africa have two story buildings before Europeans turned up? Why didn't Boas settle long-term with the inuits? Why was cannibalism normalized in Pre-European Australia? Why did Native Americans practice human sacrifice on little girls until the late 19th century when pioneers outlawed it? Do you or Boas have any answers? Also, it's worth noting that Boas wasn't European and had a great deal of animosity towards western civilization.
Do you really believe that all cultures are created equal ? That is the most moronic idea I have ever heard. Tell that to someone who lives around cannibals.
I look forward to reading your thoroughly articulated argument with appropriate referencing after it's been published in a peer-reviewed academic journal. Or... Maybe... You should consider STFU
Did you know I wrote a course on human evolution? 🧬🦍🦧🐒🌱🌳
Check it out HERE: www.socratica.com/courses/human-evolution
Thank you for sharing.Franz Boas is my relativ to my father Christian Boas.
YOU ARE A QUEEN!! thank you so much for this and what you do
You're amazing much love from Kenya
I'm learning about Franz Boas's relationship/mentorship with Zora Neale Hurston. He was a major gatekeeper in the field of Anthropology who definitely held problematic beliefs on what could be seen as valid and valuable academic research. When Hurston applied for a Guggenheim fellowship, she chose Boas for a letter of recommendation, but he instead reported that she was "not Guggenheim material"......ZORA NEALE HURSTON! it's baffling.
I've never been interested in history before you're helping thanks girl ❤
What were the major criticisms of the Boasian Relatavist framework?
There are definitely some but I'd need to research this further-thanks for bringing it up. I'm curious if any other subs know!
I would not characterize the move away from Boas as a rejection of cultural relativism. The idea that anthropologists need to understand every culture they distinguish from others, as a particular example of Culture (with a capital C); and, also, that they must understand that culture's development within its own particular cultural logic, based on culture history and environmental circumstances, has remained central to the discipline.
However, Boas came to seem unscientific and anti-evolution because he would never espouse a version of evolution that was not consistent with what we might now call the fully synthetic view of Darwinian evolution (i.e., including both gradual change and punctuated equalibria type change, and comprising selection, mutation, gene flow & gene drift). The discipline of anthropology, on the whole, turned toward what they called multi-linear evolution; and, the discipline's overall view of humans as biological organisms became pretty fixed.
Over that time, very generally, the discipline of anthropology, at least within the US, has gotten very paranoid about anyone suggesting that it is not "a science," as opposed to a discipline that avails itself of any number of scientific analyses, but that still remembers that "science" as particular to a region of the globe, for period of time, is a subject area for us. Anthropology is a holistic discipline, not that we will ever be a totalizing science, but in that we still include all aspects of human Culture in approaching our studies.
Finally, to steal a phrase from Gilles Deleuze, don't forget that when we speak of relativism, here, it not "the relativity of truth, but rather the truth in the relationship" that we are seeking. In this case, "it's relative" is not a moral/value judgement about the content of a particular culture; here, it means tracing the actual associations/connections in the historical development of a particular people.
i’m loving these research style videos about pivotal anthropologist 💗 you’re editing is great and i love the memes you used, great job!
This is so awesome to hear, I'm so glad. Gotta figure out who to make a video about next!!
OMG I love you... I understood better than 1 semester of lessons with my Professor with uncountable PhD's!!!
I am very grateful I've come across your channel. Anthropology is my favorite branch of social science. You made me love this field more. Thank you!
Aw, this is so sweet! I'm so happy!
I'm planning on pursuing higher study on this field. Could you suggest interesting topics for a research?
Thanks for this -- I appreciate what you're doing. As a historian who is working on Great Plains cultures and the "invasion" of the European Empires, I discovered the wonderful work of one of Boas's students, Gene Weltfish, who also taught at Columbia (until they blacklisted her in the McCarthy era). Her book "The Lost Universe" on the Pawnee peoples is exemplary, especially in terms of its interdisciplinary approach. Also love the work of Boasians Frank Speck and A. Irving Hallowell. Thanks again and good luck with all!
Please do a video on functionalism. It seems they are very interesting!
Thank you so much for this video, It will help me lots for my homework!!
Thank you Alivia.
Of course!
Thank you!😊
Anytime!
Definitely interested in the topic of scientific racism.
YAY! (boo scientific racism-but also yay i get to make an interesting video hahaha)
Thanks alivia for the great explanation . We got the video that we need especially I have waited for this for a long time. Love yu .
Of course!! Happy to help!
Is the work of Franz Boas valuable for current day anthropology? If yes how ? In which ways ?
lol do your own homework
Yes because it’s the dogmatic foundation for diversity in the West. It’s also leading the dysgenics in White nations only. Funny how most historical and modern leaders for “equality” and immigration in western nations are J*wish intellectuals.
Read Chapter 2 of “The Culture of Critique” by Kevin MacDonald
if you haven't made the video on scientific racism, i'm interested! :)
Great videos honestly
Thanks Alivia
this was really helpful omg thank uu!!
Can you go more in depth on the concepts of racism and prejudice in regard to anthropology
Forgot to mention in the video-I was a guest on the Comfortable Spot Podcast this week with Ken Sweeney! So, if you want to listen to a long conversation about what makes anthropology so amazing, definitely go give it a listen 🎧Here's the link! thecomfortablespotpodcast.com/2023/05/08/alivia-brown/
Alivia This content is not available in my country 😕
Oh noooo! How about this link-podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-comfortable-spot-with-alivia-brown/id1614298509?i=1000612100454
while Boas brought about a lot of development in theoretical anthropology, and he was responsible for a push forward, he was not perfect and was also a product of his own times. while we can be grateful for his contributions, we also need to look beyond and go beyond. Franz boas went to the US fleeing political turmoil in Europe and growing anti-semitism before ww1 (connection to the war between France and Germany and the loss of Alsace-lorraine). when he arrived in the US, he witnessed the racism, segregation, lynching of black people as well as the great dispossession of Native American lands. this is also something that prompted him to criticise (now know as the basin takedown) evolutionism in academics. By doing this, he was actually excluded from main circles of academics by those he criticised (Morgan for example). this is why he became a professor and that his students ended up being women, as because of his position he was not taken seriously enough to teach to men (lol!). that is how we got our Zora Neale Hurston, Margaret Mead etc. however, even though he strongly advocated against racism and it is true that he affected museum display curation, he also had his faults in this regard. He actually also did what was popular at the time, human display of cultures. It was popular with evolutionists, and he used this medium as well. Historical particularism (hp) itself has its faults:
- does not account for change nor does it have theoretical space for it = static representations
- bounded vision of cultures
- prone to essentialism
keep it up!
*Boasian takedown
What were the connections between racism and physics? That’s the first time I ever heard that about Boas.
Good work. Not sure if you know this, but Boas did a lot of important work with W.E.B. Du Bois as well. Their joint work was important to the rise of the academic side of civil rights and the seeds for the end of scientific racism.
DuBois was a communist and a huge advocate for eugenics. He believed black people had a double consciousness. He was racist as hell. That's why Booker T Washington couldn't stand him.
Great video! I think scientific racism would be a good topic.
Would be interested to see your take on more modern/famous anthropologists.
Awesome!!! And great idea!
Your video will be more useful for anthropology students in india
Awesomeee!
Currently reading magret mead coming of age in samoa and wow its crazy to think how only 100 years creates such different ideas from todays day and age.
Right?? Get's me every time
The legend of the 19 century explained by the legend of the 21st. Another great video Alivia
This made my day-thank you!!
Please make a video on theories
"We know[sic] today that race is not a biological thing🤡"
"Franz Boas is so great[sic] because he opposed scientific racism [eg. evolutionary anthropology]🤡"
Wow thanks so much Olivia, I just wanted to learn about Franz Boas but you not only told me about him, you also told me how I am supposed to feel about him too!🙄
i mean prove alivia wrong then? what's scientific about racism?
The intelligent question is what's racist about science?@@eroorefulufoo6625
@@eroorefulufoo6625science has no moral conscience. It’s just science.
This was informative! I am currently reading Boas' The Primitive Man, and the understandings he claims in this piece struck me as perpetuating White superiority through academic discourse. Specifically this quote here: “While in most languages we find numeral systems based upon the 10, we find that certain tribes in Brazil, and others in Australia, have numeral systems based on the 3, or even on the 2, which involve the impossibility of expressing high numbers. Although these numeral systems are very slightly developed as compared with our own, we must not forget that the abstract idea of number must be present among these people, because, without it, no method of counting is possible.” (Boas, 1901, p. 4) Although he offers his connections to the mind of man, I took his reading to reflect his own (maybe subconscious) mind/culture preserving bias through the lens of knowledge production and the cultures (peoples) who had the capacity to obtain it. I'm still learning, but I can see now how racist elements are carried through history in "official" academic spaces that create a false sense of entitlement and superiority.
**The Mind of Primitive Man
Boas was also the father of salvage anthropology and despite being against scientific racism, his work served to uphold racial stereotypes and the U.S. government's colonialist master narrative. And for someone who supposedly believed “all cultures are equal” he had a funny way of showing it by referring to Indigenous peoples as “weird” and “savage” in his primary works. He also frequently failed to give proper credit to his Indigenous interpreter and informant, George Hunt, whose insights were key to his research for 40 years.
And what do we say about holding historical figures to modern ethics? Hm? Jfc
You’ve knowledge but no wisdom
This is great! I was going to do a video on Franz Baos for my channel but I found that he is well covered. This video was great and you should totally do a video on scientific bigotry! That is what drew me to Baos actually....
It must have been four years ago now but I was mocked based on what people presumed my genetics to be thanks to my religion. I started fighting eugenics when the California Department of Fair Housing and Employment told me it was "scientific that Jews are blood diseased" and 'oh but of course it wasn't personal', in a discrimination hearing.
Since then I tried to figure out why they thought such eugenic stereotypes were scientific and I came across many champions who resisted such hate fueled ideologies like Franz Baos and Raphael Falk and Curt Stern. Great people!
Anyway, I was going to do a video on Franz but I guess I'll just comment and figure out who to make a musicology video on next!
Hi, I worked on this film about Boas in 1978 for the anthropology series Odyssey on PBS. Enjoy! It’s old but I’m still proud of it. ruclips.net/video/YsnsGktc4B0/видео.htmlsi=hRwC9kDrEsq0G-sR
Boas is the (self-professed) father of modern anthropology. He had an agenda like many of his peers called communism.
If all cultures are equal, then cultures based on racism and exploitation are equal to those based on egalitarianism.
You obviously have no idea what you’re talking about. Cultural relativism is not moral relativism.
@@dustyhendrix1218 Yes cultural relativism is moral relativism.
Interesting
Great video on a great subject! Admittedly, I am highly biased toward Boas, and seeing the centrality of Boasian anthropology restored to archaeology more generally (from Manuel Gamio, Robert Lowie, and Frederica de Laguna onward).
Some of my favorite/most used Boas factoids are:
For Boas, receiving his education was literally a life-and-death struggle; due to prejudices against him, within the German university system at that time, he bore the real scars of duels he had to fight during his time in school.
His methods were so innovative that he found it difficult to find research funding. The major funding institutions of the late nineteenth/early twentieth century simple didn’t recognize ideas like historically particular cultural relativism or participant observation as legitimate ways to undertake scholarly research.
He supervised Zora Neale Hurston for some of her post-graduate work. On a personal note, I think Zora would be much better understood as using Sapir’s ideas about language as a way to bring her reader’s into a highly nuanced, culturally-influenced worldview. Her fieldwork from Jamaica and Haiti was published as _Tell My Horse_; it’s great!
He died at a luncheon, during a conference/workshop, at which he’d given a speech. Also present at that same luncheon was Claude Levi-Strauss. It was the first time they’d actually met, after having been seated near each other at the head table.
On a sadder note than his own death, it is a shame that one of the reasons Boas had to spend so much of his time on the fight against scientific racism was that people were being rounded up in encampments in Europe at that time; and, the divisive rumor being sown in the US, at that time, was that Europe was rounding up it’s undesirables (criminals, the chronically ill, those seen as disabled, etc.), for the express reason of sending them to the US, specifically to undermine the country’s development. The shame being that 100-150 years have gone by, and we still keep finding ourselves faced with that same situation over and over again.
My favorite quote that is attributed to Boas is:
_“What I want to live and die for is equal rights for all, equal possibilities to learn and work for rich and poor alike !”_
Cole, Douglas. 1983. “The Value of a Person Lies in His _Herzensbildung_.” Franz Boas’ Baffin Island Letter Diary, 1883-1884. In George W. Stocking (ed.) _Observers Observed : Essays on Ethnographic Fieldwork_. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
Wowowowow, thanks so much for the additional and thorough insights into Boas-I really think people will appreciate this!
@@AliviaBrown Thank you for the gracious response. As you can probably tell, Boas is a favorite of mine.
Although it has nothing to do with Boas, except that as you rightly pointed out in your video the formal program at Columbia was the first organized department offering a degree in anthropology in the US, another fun factoid is that, based on William A. Haviland's research: the first university to offer an anthropology class for credit was the University of Rochester in 1879.
All countries and cultures are equal?
How about Saudi Arabia and the way women have been historically mistreated there?
I could give more examples.
I must state moral and cultrual relativism is a distortion of reality in my opiniin.
She's a product of Marxist white guilt. Equality is a myth used by elites to degrade societies. Socrates even explained this thousands of years ago.
On the one hand you claim evaluating a culture from an absolute standard leads to a subjective evaluation, then immediately say that cultural absolutism is "bad [sic]" and cultural relativism is "good [sic]". Its hard to listen to, embarrassing actually. Can you actually advocate for cultural relativism and describing your viewpoints as "good[sic]" and your opponents as "bad[sic]?"🤮
The power of propaganda: A white man is killed by a black person, the family of the white man goes on national television and apologizes to the black ppl and tells the public to not think it was racially motivated.
History is not always pleasant but it’s always interesting
I agreed!
Can you share your views on marriage with respect to anthropology ?
Its a hot topic here nowadays
I actually talk about it a little bit in this podcast episode! Although maybe I should make a video on it... thecomfortablespotpodcast.com/2023/05/08/alivia-brown/
Yes indeed you should
It will help help lots of students to be clear about the topic
Cultures are not equal. For example, 1930's German culture was murderous to humanity. A culture is "better" to the extent STEM education and John Locke's "Inalienable Rights" are paramount.
How very ethnocentric of you!
Not necessarily. Boas's tribe was behind the Red Terror.
@@TucsonDudedevelop further pls, thanks
His life story is not more important than his visionary theory.
Boaz ruined anthropology.
Why
If no culture is better than another, why does everyone want to live in White countries? Why didn't sub-saharan Africa have two story buildings before Europeans turned up? Why didn't Boas settle long-term with the inuits? Why was cannibalism normalized in Pre-European Australia? Why did Native Americans practice human sacrifice on little girls until the late 19th century when pioneers outlawed it?
Do you or Boas have any answers? Also, it's worth noting that Boas wasn't European and had a great deal of animosity towards western civilization.
I don’t like him.
People are starting to think critically about the motive of these “pioneers”
He definitely knew a good Kosher restaurant. That's for sure ;)
Of course some cultures are better then others 🤦
Do you really believe that all cultures are created equal ? That is the most moronic idea I have ever heard. Tell that to someone who lives around cannibals.
🤦🏻♀️what are you doing under an anthropology video with this ethnocentric bs
The truth is hard for your side to take. Sub-Saharan Africa is not equal to the west in any in sense. You are making false claims.
I completely reject his idea that race is nothing more than a cultural construct.
and science indefinitely rejects your opinion.
Straight to jail!
Based on what?
Probably based off using his eyeballs?@@furkan6402
I look forward to reading your thoroughly articulated argument with appropriate referencing after it's been published in a peer-reviewed academic journal. Or... Maybe... You should consider STFU
You're amazing much love from Kenya