Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains How Much You "Weigh" in Space
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- Опубликовано: 16 ноя 2020
- How much do you weigh in space? Well, as Neil deGrasse Tyson will tell you, weight is not what you think it is. On this StarTalk Explainer, Neil and comic co-host Chuck Nice explore what’s going on when you blast off.
Neil tells us why we should be thinking about how much mass something contains instead of how much something weighs. You’ll learn why your weight in water is basically zero.
Why are astronauts weightless in space? Neil explains how Sir Isaac Newton discovered orbits. Find out why most energy from a rocket launch is not used to get the rocket into space. All that, plus, we explore the science of Ad Astra, The Expanse, and 2001: A Space Odyssey.
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About the prints that flank Neil in this video:
"Black Swan” & "White Swan" limited edition serigraph prints by Coast Salish artist Jane Kwatleematt Marston. For more information about this artist and her work, visit Inuit Gallery of Vancouver inuit.com/.
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Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
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The level of enthusiasm Neil still keeps on showing in explaining stuff, for every new video is just unimaginable and awesome.
'Get to infinity and then we'll talk' ... the lag on that call will be craaazy
3-40 minutes from Mars. Live calls from Mars are impossible because c.
Does that mean that Earth gravity affects entire universe ?
@@MrVeryfrost i think, but on a scale so small that it is not even considered
😅
Neil is probably the only scientist out there that can take a joke thrown at his explanations and he'll make it even funnier!
only indian students will understand
Is Michael Vsauce included?
@@fundemort Destin from Smarter Every Day is also amazing!
he is avoiding the real answer,he,s head of astrophysics,,would you jeapordise your income.?.he does not believe in ufo,s or aliens,,even though,we all have part alien dna..fact..
If 5 ml/s must be maintained to prevent orbiral decay. And the moon is orbiting earth at 0.635 ml/s. Why is the moon getting further away from earth, not closer?
You guys are amazing. I’m always having so much fun watching you explain the science. Thx!
Juice
Indeed. They are doing God's work.
Why does Neil always say "we're out of time" or "we're running out of time for this segment".... SAYS WHO?!.... Fire that person!... I need these chats to be looooooooooonger 😂
Because he has things to do.
@@GamerbyDesign lol no way.... Its 2020, year of the Lockdown.
@@grizzlehatchet1 No lockdowns here.
He's got two types of videos: hour long podcasts and 15 to 20 minute topic discussions.
@@mrbyzantine0528 im aware... Every single video is a different length yet theres always this mysterious rush to end the video.
This was one of my favorite explainer videos! 👍 Definitely had a brain wake-up or paradigm shift in my thinking when it comes to “weightless”. Also, the picture of Issac Newton’s cannonball I’ve seen on the internet, school, etc. finally clicked. This one is definitely worth 20mins of your time.
The Expanse shoutout! :D
what’s the latest season. I need to catch up . Love the expanse. Also star trek discovery. awesome.
Yeah, watch the "Expanse." One of the best series ever.
Astronauts in the I.S.S is basically “falling with style”
Luna_una _0042 well yeah. Tis’ what orbiting is.
Falling with ISStyle
Every time I watch one of these I learn so much that I come away with more questions than I went in with. KEEP IT UP!
Im so glad you mentioned the expanse! I was just about to say how accurate that show is! Awesome series!
Great video. For those who like sport, I suggest a *Super-earth exoplanet,* and for those who don't, just an Earth-like planet.
Wait...(hehehe, weight)..., Neil hasn't seen The Expanse yet?? Literally one of the best scifi shows out there. It's one of the main reasons I got Amazon Prime Video. (And Hanna, Jack Ryan, The Boys)
I need him to watch the whole thing and give us an hour long video review of it. I feel they got a lot science right throughout the whole series. Though of course they still took artistic leeway with things like the proto molecule and living inside of Ceres, etc.
Beltalowda!!
(Season 5 due to drop on Dec 16th with an episode each Wed until it's done in Feb.)
This is not space related but make sure to watch the grand tour, best show I've watched ever
I agree with you. The books are even more incredible tho
The expanse is great. He does need to watch it.
I have Amazon Prime but live in a very rural area and internet isn't the best. But I found out if I make the kids goto bed early (and are not on the internet taking all the bandwidth) I can watch a show with little buffering. I thank this explainer video to prompt me to check out "The Expanse' and see if I can actually watch it!
That review would so dope!
"ma man, ma man!" Im dying lol
Neil and Chuck YOU’RE THE BEST DUO
Just hereing Neil say "that is totally dope" Is the epitome of this video it was awesome.
This channel is the biggest RUclips discovery for me this year. I really enjoy it!
I can't wait to hear Dr Neil nerd out with "The Expanse"
Oh, our man Neil will absolutely LOVE The Expanse! I hope/bet he'll mention it in upcoming episodes ^^
16:15 Doctor Tyson, you are gonna enjoy The Expanse. Best sci-fi show around.
Man, I should be working but these videos are absolutely brilliant. Thanks for this knowledge....it really gets the neurons firing. Quick question:
If what causes "weightlesnes" in outer space is pretty much the centripetal force caused by the earth's rotation in a specific direction (thus counteracting the gravitational pull of earth) , would an object I.e a rocket, suddenly start falling back down to earth if it gradually started shooting in the opposite direction of earth's spin? If yes, then I'd assume a certain velocity would need to be reached for the rocket to start falling back to earth. What would that velocity be?
Much love from South Africa
Absolutely love these bits of knowledge! Keep them coming 😎
This needs to have 100x more views. As do all StarTalk videos.
Who would have thought that Spaceballs would be one of the more accurate space movies regarding acceleration?
He’s gone to PLAID
Here's one strange thing. I'm not a native english speaker, I'm Russian. We have a word for weight, obviously, and I know it's definition because I remember Physics classes. I still checked it out to confirm, I was correct. So here it is - weight is a force created by an object acting on a support that prevents the falling that happens in a field of forces of gravity. So you can't have weight without some kind of support (a platform or a string of some kind). Which is about the same as what Neil have talked about in this video.
BUT then I googled the definition in English, and here's what I get from wikipedia and other resurses:
"In science and engineering, the weight of an object is the force acting on the object due to gravity"
Which is not at all what weight in Russian means and what Neil have talked about! It's the same as the force of gravity (which in Russian is called just like that - force of graity - and denoted as Fg and not W). And I'm complitely confused by that!
@@jennifercook6497 well Neil doesn’t use it as the force of gravity and he’s American o0
I think he wants to tell you America’s education system purposely dumbs down science. (And perhaps everything else) what’s he’s inferring,however, I can’t say
"the weight of an object is the force acting on the object due to gravity" this is both a correct statement and very similar to your Russian definition, this quote did not say "force of gravity", it said force due to gravity. In English, weight is just a word for the force caused by acceleration, most often associated with gravitational acceleration. There are other definitions for weight that include the sum force of all acceleration, not limited to gravitational acceleration. Engineers often use force or load for more precise meaning than weight.
According to some modern relativistic physics theory weight it is not he force of the object acting on the support due to gravity, it is the force of the support acting on the object due to gravity. It is an abstract idea dealing with the flow of time and bending of space. The best way I can describe it is that objects "falling" are actually stationary in space-time but spacetime is moving toward the earth's center of mass and the support (dirt) accelerates the objects away from the center of mass (at approximately 9.8 m/s^2) counteracting this flow of space-time. Gravity being this flow of space-time.
@@mytech6779 The last paragraph made the most sense. Let me know if I got this wrong.
So I'm tethered to a point of space as if it was kind of a solid, like jello. This column of jello is being stretched into the center of earth (spaghettified like), it's attempt to equalize means it's moving inwards. I'm along for the ride pinned to a point because of my mass. The soil is resisting this motion. From mine and the jello's (space) perspective, it's moving, from one point in space to another. Once it contacts me and I can't pass through it, I begin to accelerate at it's speed. Which is when I feel the force (weight) and the space column witnesses me as an accelerating object.
@@MisterIncog Weight could mean either the net constraint force needed to support you in a gravitational field (as your original post explained), or it could mean the gravitational force itself, depending on how the speaker/writer intends the meaning of the word. In English, those two meanings of the word weight are used interchangeably. We get away with this interchangeable use of the term, due to the fact that our most familiar example is an object at rest on the surface of a planet. In that example, the gravitational force will be equal and opposite to the constraint force, so that they add up to zero for equilibrium. If the force of gravity on you is 800 Newtons, the support force to keep you at rest is also 800 Newtons. When an object is accelerating, there will be a difference in magnitude between net constraint force and gravitational force, and in that example, it is important to specify exactly what "weight" means.
In a Physics class, it is important to be more specific than the term "weight" when it really matters. So you would either use the term "gravitational force", or you would describe the kind of support force for the example in question. Such as "normal force", which is what we call the most common kind of constraint force, like the floor pushing upward on you, when you stand on it. You cannot directly measure the force of gravity. Instead you measure the constraint force.
On the actual Earth, the fact that the Earth rotates offsets a small amount of its true gravitational force. We get away with just accepting gravity as slightly less than true gravity, to account for this fact. At the equator, true gravity is 9.81 N/kg, while the gravity we perceive by assuming our reference frame is stationary, is 9.78 N/kg. In a local reference frame at the equator, you can approximate your immediate environment as a flat world with a uniform gravitational field of 9.78 N/kg. Even though the truth is that the gravitational field is 9.81 N/kg, and you are accelerating downward at 0.03 m/s^2.
"Let go the gun!" It got me LOL so hard!
“It’s totally dope.”
-Neil deGrasse Tyson, 2020
Neil? If the world can be convinced to wear mask, why can't the people of the world be convinced to conserve water? And why can't you eggheads figure out a way to trick the world into believing we HAVE to this particular thing in order conserve water?
Love these explainers and also wish them to be longer!
I would absolutely love Neil to do a review on "the expanse" Sci fi series. It's really really scientifically accurate
Edit: just seen he is gonna watch it 😂
I love how this man thinks. The knowledge he has blows my mind.
This was one of my favorites. Amazing episode!
I am unlearning what I was previously taught or assumed as a child. I need to rewatch this, it’s mind blowing.
Just another fascinating and insightful video from Star Talk!
".. thats pretty dope." .... " ITS TOTALLY DOPE! " hahahaha
Thanks for the vid guys sending love from Sacramento, I like the new intro too by the way.
1:12 I have a question, if you weigh less due to the buoyancy effect of air compared to a vacuum then what about air pressure pushing down on you? Wouldn't that by itself have an increasing effect on your weight much more than buoyancy effect would decrease your weight?
The buoyancy effect is due to the drop in air pressure with height. The pressure on your head and shoulders is slightly less than the pressure on your feet, so there is a net upward force on you from the air. That's why a balloon
filled with helium floats while the same balloon filled with air sinks. The buoyant force on both balloons is the same, but the weight of one filled with air is slightly greater than the buoyancy and so it falls while the with helium weighs slightly less than the buoyancy and so that balloon rises..
Brilliant! This is exactly why I listened to this podcast show. It teaches Lehman like myself science. Thank you so much!
You guys have a wonderful in its content and delivery show right there, another 19:19 well spent ! Also Am too broke to be a patreon but can yall talk about the difference between direct and alternative current
This has been so much fun. Thanks guys!
Heard this exact same topic explained from multiple people before but this is by far the best explanation i've heard in my life
I love your show. Im learning so much. Keep up the great work.
Nice one! The best of all.
Amazing! Never thought I'd be finish watching this video!
Oh wow!! That was a great episode!
Chuck enhances Neil, they make an excellent duo
Why this has to end??, keep going , love the knowledge you guys provide with such enthusiasm.
As always, mind = blown.
Please please please make a video on the science of the Expanse series!
Also, 88... that explains the Back to the Future movie!
Wow.
Neil, guys, I love you. I am 30+ and I watching videos like this with eyes wide open as if I am kid.Thank you! Thank you, thank you, thank you!!!
Gravity is nothing but free falling along the curved path of spacetime shaped by a massive object. Actually when we are standing on the ground we are in fact free-falling. Our weight comes from the pressure we exert on the ground which neutralize our free-falling. Beautiful explanation Neil sir !
I like how Niel said news announcer 😂😂😂😂 5:37
Thank you so much!
Love from Manipur!!
With the recent SpaceX launch, your talk was very timely.
Thanks
Bob
As they say...it's never the speed that kills you, it's the sudden lack thereof
Neil you are the educator that the world needs.
I'm highly interested to hear your opinions on the expanse, it is a MASTERPIECE of sci-fi. Imo one of the best done sci-fi shows ever.
If you fall through a hole drilled through the Earth, it actually takes less than 88 minutes because the Earth is denser towards the core. It would only be 88 minutes if the Earth was homogeneous.
If you could continuously accelerate at 1g, then the transit time to Mars would be about 2 days, rather than weeks.
Finally, I understand how going fast sideways equates to being in orbit. Drop speed and the curve of the earth. Never has that part explained before. THANK YOU NEIL!
So much valuable and provocative knowledge from Neil D. Tyson. You said your colleagues were one in a million. You stand alone among them as the "1" in a million because it's making it easy for the novice to understand and stay interested, that's the part you're able to make look easy.. That's a monster gift. Thank you Sir!!!
Wooooow very very interesting!! I love you guys 🤗
I didn't know about that swimming pool. Man that's cool
Again after listening to you guys I can't sleep, as I'm creating theories about time, dimentions etc.
And I love it :)
I wonder if anything I imagine can be new to the world of science. Maybe everyone thought if I made it up then it can't be that difficult to others.
Many things have been discovered because somone thought about it. Never stop thinking.
Always love to see you both 💕
He said theres only one speed to stay in orbit. Doesn't the speed required to be in orbit vary with distance from Earth?
It does, but at the absolute closest that you can orbit the Earth (without touching it or the atmosphere), your speed has to be around 5 miles/sec. The speed does go down the further you go away but as a general rule, at "that" particular height, you can't go slower if you don't want to drop in altitude. Additionally, if you are at "that" height, and you travel faster than 5 miles/sec on one side of your orbit, your orbit will be raised on the other side becoming elliptical and therefore you will be traveling slower on that other side. Speed up over here, your altitude changes over there (orbital mechanics ftw). Some of this is not intuitive. I hope that I made sense and I hope it helps :)
Yes higher speeds closer to earth . 90 mins per lap in low earth orbit . Get out far enough and geo sync is 24 hours per lap so orbits and a spot on land follow each other
@@kravmagaman2 so the 5 miles/sec orbit line on earth is similar to what the event horizon orbit represents for a black hole? Forgive me if that doesn't make any sense :D
@@rizkton81 if I understand correctly, the event horizon is the point where the orbit speed is the speed of light.
@@rizkton81 An event horizon on a black hole is a sphere in which anything on the inside cannot affect the outside. For example, if you could hover on the inside of the event horizon and shine a bright light toward me on the outside of it, I would not be able to see it because the gravitational pull is so great that light ( and causality) cannot escape. The 5 miles/sec orbit just means, at that height (which happens to be the lowest you can go), if you go slower you fall and if you go faster you end up actually gaining altitude. It's strange to think about but if you went 6 miles per second at that same height, the only thing about the orbit that changes is the opposite side will raise higher and you will travel slower than 5 miles/sec over there. It's a common error in perception; if you were orbiting behind the space station and you wanted to catch up to it what would you do? You would think to speed up because that's what you would do in a car or something similar. What actually happens is you slow down because it will lower your orbit slightly and, wait for it, increase your speed! Gosh, this stuff is fascinating. I just think it's neat.
Badass new INTRO !
Ok so this is where 88 mph comes from in Back to The Future.
Wrong units. He's talking about 88 minutes.
Is that speed of Earth's rotation where one would be weightless at the equator also 5 miles per second as stated earlier for stable orbit?
Awesome content
Incredible explanation 🤗😁
These are awesome ☺️
I like these conversations
Does the idea of being weightless on Earth spinning at one revolution per 88 minutes, equate to the 9.6m/s acceleration of gravity that we experience?
I’m not sure if that’s what was being conveyed at the end of the video, as it wasn’t stated in a way that correlates the two ideas specifically.
Thanks for the great video!
Absolutely dope❤💯#Thanks so much for brain luncheon
So really, when we talk about the weight of something, we don't actually mean the weight, but the mass. This is also reflected in the units: we talk about kg, which is mass, whereas weight would be a force with unit kg*m/s^2.
And scales make that conversion implicitly under the assumption that we are in earth's gravitational field.
Wow! I'm an Undergraduate Physicist and I didn't know that thing about Orbits!
its funny how chuck is constantly in tears, in EVERY video btw, due to his laughter...
science is amazing
My favorite channel
Hey Neil, maybe a dumb question but.. Is the 5 miles/s speed the same for any amount of orbit height? Like for example, does the speed necessary to retain orbit drop the further you are away from Earth? Or is it a constant that sets in as soon as you leave Atmosphere and you hit the Vacuum of Space? Cheers!
I remember in one of the non-fiction books by Robert Heinlein, he wrote that technically it should take just 30 days to get to Mars. You wouldn't need that much fuel either, because there is so little friction causing air in space, you could accelerate to just 85-90% of one Earth gravity then shut off the engines for the first 20 days. By turning the ship so that your feet point back to Earth you'll experience gravity. After about 20 days, you'll have reached 1G, at which time you flip the ship in the opposite direction and fire the retros until you start to slow down. You'll still feel your weight but as you continue to slow down your sense of weight will decrease, until you enter Mar's orbit. Now I know I've forgotten the details, I need to reread this book, (I'm sure I have it)
I think I like the internet talks more than in-person
We are blessed indeed to be able to learn from this guy for free 😊
Neil, I very much love LoVe your explainer videos !!!
amazing 5 miles per 1 one second travel , wish that can be done on earth just imagin how fast we get from one city to another :) great video startalk
Neil you are my favorite scientist in history u inspire me to ask questions on how things I see daily work.
@@HopDavid thanks for trying to discourage curiosity
Awesome stuff
Expanse was an amazing show
That was so fking cool!
So cool I liked the videos twice.
I’ve become a star talk snob and cant even watch these episodes with out Chuck. He makes the banter in these
This is so interesting!! I was actually wondering why astronauts in ISS float! Thanks man!
Star 🌟 Talk my best Show Ever. Great 👍 Job Guys I need more imput.
Chuck didn't feel like Chuck this episode. I hope you're doing alright Chuck.
Ive felt a couple like that.
8:17 I really like this kind of wordplay joke.
Fascinating
Does the time speeds up/slows down when you accelerate indistinguishably from moving across a gravitational field?
Do whole episode of Star Talk about Expanse :)
Keep doin what you doin, stay up 🔥🙏🤙🏼
I appreciate you Chuck
how about in the next video you talk about centripetal and centrifugal force.
As someone who used to skydive a lot, your explanation of "falling" struck a nerve. Your elevator story is similar to skydiving, aside from wind and drag. So visually, it looks like "floating in space". And... Skydivers routinely fly "up" or "down" to each other, although we're all falling... just adjusting our body position for drag, to accelerate and decelerate. Since our neutral speed is generally constant, and we can (a little) slower, or (a lot) faster) it's a bit like flying, but with a big wind blowing up on you from below. Memories... :)
awhile back someone asked on a science bulletin board (remember those?) "how much does the world weigh" and got castigated pretty hard for the question but really the inquisitor really meant "how much would the world weight on a scale on another identical world".
I love this!