Naval Boilers - Grates Under Pressure
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- Опубликовано: 24 дек 2019
- A brief look at the development history of naval boilers in steam-powered warships.
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Pinned post for Q&A :)
How about adding some history of navel boiler explosions?
Have you considered nuclear steam power? Did the tech change much as did the fuel source?
Was there ever a landmounted version of the Pom Pom?
So (Merry Xmas) the IJN could/did use unrefined oil from the Dutch East Indies in their capitol ships w/out too much immediate damage.. BUT NOT on their DDs. n CLs etc? Was this because of the high sulfur content damaging the "sprayer/atomizers" or corrosive ash build up.. or both?? I'm assuming the larger ships had larger boilers with larger diameter spray nozzles etc so the corrosion issue was there; just acceptable due to desperation. Did that mean in turn that escorts couldn't emergency refuel from Capitol ships from that point forward as well? I understand the fuel itself was a "light" crude and as such was "usable" a Naval bunker oil.. Am I correct it was the high sulfur content, unlike "sweet" West Texas or Saudi oil that was the problem??
I saw some old USN training films about steam heated distillation of sea water for making fresh water and was wondering about the evolution of getting fresh water on ships.
The one thing I noticed from the film was the use of heat exchange. It looks like the navy made sure that every temperature difference was used.
The other thing was the constant addition of sea water to prevent the still from salting up and make the process continuous rather than a batch process.
I would think modern ships would use reverse osmosis by now, but I am not a naval history expert, so it's just a guess.
35 min video.
"Now, to be clear, we're not gonna talking about s ship's _engines."_
This is the level of content I keep coming back for. Thank you for existing.
But, as of the day I write this, he has gotten to engines! Well, at least those up to 1950 or so.
@@TheRealColBosch yep! Loving this series too.
Here we go, my fav boiler story. I was an engineer on the SS Canberra - 3 Foster Wheeler ESD1 boilers.
The story went that a 4th engineer on duty in the boiler room lost the water level in the one of the boilers, so rang the engine room panic. All hands went steaming (pardon the pun) into the boiler room to lend a hand, including the 2nd engineer, who happened to know that the 4th engineer had a stutter. And couldn’t speak when under stress - like losing the water level in a boiler.
“What’s up” says the 2nd. “Th th th th th th” stutters the 4th engineer. Realising that they were getting nowhere fast and that the 4th could overcome his stutter by singing it he the 2nd shouted “Sing it man!!!”
And so the tune of ‘Jesus wants me for a sunbeam’ the 4th engineer sang “There’s no water in the booooooiler”
i’m happier for having read that. thank you for sharing
I was a USN engineer serving on 1200 and 600 lb boilers. I never experienced a 1200 lbs steam leak which is invisible. To search for such a steam leak a chief told me you use brooms. Waving the broom slowly forward till the bristles get cut off. Far better than loosing an engineer from the neck up.
The early 1200 psi plants killed a number of people before the Navy learned how to handle them. Twice the pressure and about 100 degrees higher temp than a 600 pound plant, if I remember rightly. BTW - we were told to use brooms to find leaks on a 600 pound plant too. Never had to, thankfully.
We did have one odd occurrence that's worth remembering. The ship had just come out of the yards when I reported aboard, and there were the inevitable "yard issues" that always happen. One night I was on watch as assistant EOOW (Engineering Officer Of the Watch) with a grizzled old chief as the EOOW. The machinery space - combined engine room and boiler room, another of McNamara's cost saving measures :-( - was big, and noisy, and hot because we didn't have an air conditioned control room - the later ships in that class did, but we didn't. So, in the midst of all this cacaphony I heard - something. Couldn't put my finger on it, but it sounded kind of like a...hiss. I asked the EOOW, "Hey, do you hear that?" He listened and agreed - something was not as it should have been. Well, we moved around here and there trying to figure out where it was coming from and finally decided it was coming from under the lagging pad on a main steam line joint right above the EOOW's desk. So he had a couple of MM's get a ladder, get up there, *carefully* pull off the lagging pad, then run around the joint with a mirror-on-a-stick. Low and behold, steam clouded the mirror. Ooooh, sh*t. Someone with appropriate wrenches was sent up to tighten down the nearest nut-and-bolt, and....silence. Blessed silence. OK, lagging pad back on, back to work.
A couple weeks later that chief (can't remember his name - 35 years, y'know?) stopped me in the passageway with "Hey, Mr. Jarvis - you remember that steam leak down in the main space?". I allowed as I remembered and he told me that when we got back to port and the plant was cold he had someone go up there and back that nut off - and discovered that the yard had short-bolted us. The bolts that secure main steam lines are supposed to be long enough to go all the way through the flanges on each pipe, and have to come out the far end of the nut by at least two full turns. The yardies had discovered that the bolts they had were a bit too short - so rather than getting bolts of the correct length they cut the end off another bolt and threaded it into the nut **backwards** so it looked like it stuck out far enough. If that nut had let go every man at the control panel could have died - all for the cost of a bolt. (OK, no doubt they were really *good* bolts :-). We then had to go over *every* joint in the plant to make sure they hadn't screwed us elsewhere too. Don't recall if there were additional issues, but it made an impression on me.
Postscript: that yard was barred from further Navy contracting and went out of business, in part because of all the problems with our yard period.
You couldn't breathe that close to a main steam leak, I never heard of any man ever encountering one. My chief said the same thing tho.
@@asbestosfibers1325 Depends on the size of the leak. At those temperatures and pressures steam is a very hot and dry gas. By the time it's cooled enough to condense it will likely have dissipated to much to form visible steam. Sure, if it goes on long enough surfaces will start getting damp, but that doesn't tell you where your pinhole leak is.
Yeah, my dad was MPA on a Knox class Frigate. He told me the same thing.
I was on a Spruance and two Burkes. 4 General Electric LM-2500 gas turbines are way better than steam.
How the hell do you even begin to fix a leak like that?
Didn't the British ships dedicate at least one boiler to feed the enormous tea kettle in the galley.
You've got that the wrong way round bud, British ships only dedicated one boiler to propulsion all the rest were for tea
@@themadhammer3305 Aye but that one boiler helped us create the worlds largest empire ruling over 1/4 of the world population
@@MasonMediaGroupWirral that is true, though the other boilers is why we wanted to create that empire in the first place
@@themadhammer3305 indeed aha, got to feed our tea addiction one way or another
@@MasonMediaGroupWirral would be an interesting alternate history to see what the world would have become if the British didn't have a crippling addiction to tea
The locomotive pictured with all the boiler tubes and superheater elements out the front was C&O 3020. The head-end brakeman survived long enough to give an account of what happened before dying of his injuries. He reported that the engineer and fireman ran the locomotive for several miles, upgrade with a heavy train, with no water in the sight glasses. He was begging them to put water in the boiler, but they ignored him. The result was a crown sheet failure that killed the engineer and fireman and badly scalded the brakeman
Was told by an RN stoker who'd served on HMS Bristol of incident dealing with an HP steam leak (spoiler - happy ending no-one hurt). Everyone told loudly to freeze in place, someone went round with a spray since it was invisible, to check for any lurking steam. After a while the captain was frustrated at no power and no response from engine room and went down himself. Strode in to room. Cue PO stoker shouting "DON'T MOVE!" at his C.O!
Crew must have liked/respected the CO.
A variant, that I heard, was to take a 2x4 around, tracing the high pressure lines, where it broke, or broke your arm, you found the leak.
@@TheFilwud I would expect that in the confines of a naval boiler room, determining the source of a vapor cloud would be quite difficult. The cloud would likely become so large by the time it was noticed that its source would be indistinguishable from its surroundings.
@@TheFilwud I was relating what I was told some 44 years ago. I there is a leak it is usually a small hole, and the steam is coming out at high velocity. The "wind" blows the fog to the other side of the boiler room or engine room. truce on flame wars
triple point is just the pressure and temperature where the three normal phases meet. So on a phase diagram you see the area where gas, liquid and solid intersect.
I'm not aware of any particular terminology for the boundary between superheated and saturated steam other than the two terms themselves.
what I learned today: every boiler makes some kind of funny face.
That how anthromorphism work.
Now that's all I can see 😂
Old ones looked like men.
Especially boilermakers!
😮
"And they responded particularly badly to having holes poked in them by high velocity metal projectiles, like, say, cannon-fire."
By the way. This type of video, tracing the evolution of a particular technology, is my favorite. Well done and thank you Drach.
And Merry Christmas (or whatever you celebrate) to you and all of your listeners.
British understatement. Geoff Who would note examples, but I suffer from disbelief.
Wit so dry I need to put on some moisturizer
@@8bitorgy Drach's sense of humor is somewhere between dessicated and anhydrous.
I, too, am much interested in the history of science and tecnology.
When, in a historical setting, did things appear is revealing.
I also respond particularly badly to having holes poked in me by high velocity metal projectiles. It's up there with my least favourite activities
Only Drac could think of a Christmas vid. on boilers. Threee cheers for Drac.
Hip hip horray
Hip Hip Hooray
Hip Hip! Hooray!
Hip Hip Hurrah
Hip hip! Huzzah!
"You would make a ship sail against the winds and currents by lighting a bonfire under her deck? I have no time for such nonsense."
~Napoleon Bonaparte
William Jeffery I’m still listening to this quote with Leonard Nimoy’s voice.
Then what about having a controlled smouldering simulacrum of a dying star used to sail steel ships against the wind and currents and launch furnace powered metal kites to attack enemy ships and armies hundreds of miles away...
*laughs in nuclear fission boilers*
Managerial snobbery writ large...
“Yes, comrade! Make it nuclear!”
~Joseph Stalin
Bonaparte was never much of a naval expert
As a 6 year Machinist Mate 1st Class (Submarines) and now a civilian as a commissioned boiler inspector ... this made me smile the whole time. Thank you!
Years ago I worked in a factory, that had purchased long before I got there. It had on a pad the boiler from a 2-8-2 locomotive that had been sold off at the end of the steam era. It generally ran at 170 odd psi. There were a lot of connections to it we were told to always look at the walls. A leak of superheated steam would cut into the wall about 6 foot away.
We also had to treat the water being fed to it. The water was soft but we still needed to be softened more to cut down on fixing or replacement of the tubes
I think that was the reason - a steam locomotive had to regularly be maintained in a factory, simply because the vibrations really got to it.
I'd presume your boiler didn't need those maintenance intervals (and would have been much harder to transport there...), which is why you treated the water. Did you also condense the steam to re-use it as feed water?
How much is 170psi in "man-units"? Outside of turbines, I seem to remember until ~30bar, locomotive engines didn't have condensation equipment and were fed common filtrated water. Atmospheric pressure is 1bar, so 30 bar was 30x atmospheric pressure. How much is atmospheric pressure in psi?
@@enysuntra1347
15 psi is atmospheric. 30 bar is 450 psi.
@@enysuntra1347 Would have thought a steam engine would have a much kinder life in a factory than on a loco. On the rails, it is constantly starting and stopping, running at changing pressure, and under vibration from the movement of the loco. In a factory, it basically runs 24/7 at the same steady speed and only stops for maintenance. An engine in a factory generally has 3 uses - driving a compressor, driving an electric generator, or to provide rotary power to machinery, all of which are fairly steady uses with little change in output power needed, and no initial extreme full-on strain like proving the power to get a loco moving from stationary.
Yep at the pressure we ran if you were close it could kill you also. We didn't recover water as it ran machinery at was exhausted. At the class the drilled in to us for the lowest license how dangerous super heated steam was.
@@enysuntra1347 Atmospheric pressure (at sea level) is ~14.7 PSI, but a bar is actually a bit lower than that, at ~14.5 PSI. 170 PSI = 11.72 bar, and 30 bar = 435.11 PSI.
(A bar is technically a metric unit, though not the "official" SI unit, which is pascals (Pa). The bar is defined as exactly 100,000 Pa, which is lower than atmospheric, which is 101,325 Pa.)
I watch the old TV documentaries on naval warfare that get posted on RUclips but the best ones never get into much detail, while the crummier ones seem to downright insult the viewer in their simplicity. I'm no naval engineer but I appreciate how in-depth and intelligent your videos are about obscure subjects like this. Thanks for making these videos, you've carved out a much appreciated, if not valued enough part of RUclips. Thank you!
As a former USN boiler tech (stoker to those of you from the Empire), this is really cool.
I've got to tip my hat to you shipmate. I served in USS Nassau (LHA 4) as a 'topsider' in Operations. You guys did a job I couldn't.
@@robertf3479 Funny you should say that. I regarded flight deck operations as a more dangerous job. Then again, being on a warship is a bit dangerous no matter where you work. Cheers.
Reported onboard the USS Mauna Kea (AE-22) as a non-rate Fireman Recruit in October 89 and I was a BT for all of 2 or 3 weeks before they sent me messcranking. After my 90 days they sent me to the MM side of the plant, but did that mean I didn't have to participate in Firesides? Nope...
Long Beach, CGN-9. We ran on saturated steam. I mentioned that to the ME Dept Chair. UC Boulder in 1981, and he went ballistic. He served on the Bunker Hill in the Korean War. which of course ran off superheated steam. I tried to explain, but... he couldnt see the Navy being so stupid. Lol, I gave up explaining nukes.
@@sundiver137 I should explain, the flight deck IS probably the most dangerous area of the ship to be working on. You can easily get run over by tow tractors, get blown over the side by jet exhaust, sucked into jet engine intakes, accidentally walk into and get 'blenderized' by aircraft propellers, hit and killed by breaking arrester wires on carriers … the list is endless.
By 'Topsider' in the Operations Department in the Nassau I worked in the ship's Intelligence division as LPO and watch supervisor. No danger at all in comparison to many of the engineers or flight deck guys.
Earlier in USS Caron (DD 970), again in Operations but on a much smaller ship besides my Intel duties I also stood Bridge watches and at General Quarters I worked in Damage Control Central. My miscellaneous other jobs included line handling while at Sea and Anchor detail and during Underway Replenishment. Underway Replenishment was somewhat more dangerous because lines under strain between two ships steaming in very close formation can snap, possibly injuring or even killing linehandlers. This operation often takes place at night on open decks in 'less than ideal weather and sea conditions.' Men do get lost over the side at times and sometimes are never found. Many times I found myself up to my waist in sea water and fuel oil. To be honest … I had a ball at times.
Would I do it again? Probably.
Great video. This coming from a former Machinist Mate (nuclear) of the USN. I'll add that as we moved to smaller tube boilers, chemistry control was one of the methods used to prevent degradation of the tubes. Adding chemicals to keep the PH basic. The other controls were to greatly reduce oxygen content in the water and chlorides both of which cause corrosion.
Jimmy M I am also an MMN any advice for a new nuke?
@@joshuaholmes468 Are you an ELT or regular nuclear machinist mate? I was surface mm NEC 3386, so we called regular nuclear machinist mates (I think they were NEC 3385)- mechanical operators if I recall correctly. It's a little different for ELT since that's our primary watchstation, but we're still responsible for qualifying the other watchstations, which was the hardest part for me since you kind of want to use your down time to relax. Qualifying ELT was easy, and it's generally a pretty easy job. My experience may be a bit out of date since it's been 20 years since I was in, I was on the Enterprise which was decommissioned 7 years ago I believe. The Enterprise reactor/plant model is similar to that of conventional boiler ships that have 8 boilers, and the reactor size is similar to submarine S5W reactors, but a little bit bigger. I trained on S5W reactor in Charleston, SC Naval Weapons Station on the former Daniel Webster submarine. Our chemistry controls on the Enterprise are probably way different than the Nimitz or Ford class uses. We used hydrogen and ammonia for the primary side, and phosphates for the secondary side. No idea what Nimitz or Ford classes use.
It's a pretty good program, definitely worth sticking with it. Though I admit what I do now is nothing like what I did in the Navy, but it still looks good having practical work experience with some skilled labor, something many college students can't say when they get out of college.
Jimmy M I am going regular MM sub volunteer a lot of that sounds similar to what I learned I am thinking about Putting in my 20
My brother is an ex EM/ Firemen that went to Idaho Falls for his nuke school,,, Spent whole time in the Navy on fast attack boats mostly out of Groton,,, I was lucky enough to get aboard twice and that was the older class fast attack,, I was impressed but only really got to see from midship forward, only FM were allowed back in the aft sections,, Guess they didn't want to take a chance of errating any civilians ,or maybe the security behind all of that reactor area,, It was the cold war and ever patrol was dangerous, My brother still sometimes eludes to stories if pressed that he will not speak about only to say , Yeah it was pretty crazy or intense and a half smile.
@@joshuaholmes468 20 year sub EMNC here if you have any questions.
During my time in the USN I had to learn a good deal about both gas turbine plants in my first ship and, conversely the 600 pound steam plant and cycle in my final ship. I was a 'top sider,' Operations Department. Qualifying for the Surface Warfare Specialist designation in USS Caron (DD 970) meant learning a good deal about the main and auxiliary plants. Both the main engines and the electric generators were gas turbines.
In my final ship, USS Nassau (LHA 4) I took it upon myself to learn what I could about the twin 600 pound systems as if I were qualifying for the ESWS designation again. It was interesting, but operationally I prefer the LM-2500 turbine engines which, thanks to their instant responses got us out of possibly deadly trouble more than once.
I take my salt stained cap off to the engineers of all types whether for steam, gas turbine or diesel … you guys do a job I could not, at least not without spending my entire career learning it.
I was the Main Propulsion Assistant and then the Ass't Engineer on the NASSAU for three years.
My first hour on a Navy ship was on English DD696 in 1967. I didn't have a rating yet and raised my hand when the chief said "Engineering". That was the time that I learned that Engineering to the Navy was the Fire Room. Hotter and Noisier than Hell must be but I loved every minute of my 2 weeks on that ship.
Thanks for the video. I was a BT on USS Forrestal steaming 8 B&W boilers to 4 Westinghouse 2 stage turbines pumping out 280,000 HP while steam launching a 14 ton aircraft every minute. Fun times. ...If you didn’t mind 140DB howling steam turbines at 110F with equal humidity.
Bomb producer: an expert of explosives or a bad boiler designer
Yes
Also, Hollywood movie makers.
"In Afghanistan, I killed 17 people"
... "But dad... I thought you were a mechanic"
... "I never said I was a good one"
Hat Man ...I sure will miss my friends!
Faulty boilers were Bomber Harris' prefered weapons of choise. It's confirmed guys.
Merry Christmas Drach and all. It should be pointed out that one of the main drivers of higher steam conditions and pressure was fuel economy. We were taught at the Naval Academy that the War in the Pacific would have been considerably more difficult without the efficiency and range 600 PSI boilers provided. The post war 1200 PSI boilers had lots of problems. The change from black bunker oil to NATO F-76 solved some of the worst maintenance issues. The move to gas turbine engines was partially a result of the maintenance and training costs from 1200 PSI boilers. There were 20 black gang men per watch on a steam plant vs 4 per watch on a Burke class gas turbine plant. That's a lot of salary dollars and mouths to feed in the operating costs of a ship.
@Kabuki Kitsune Your statement is true. The minimum injection temperature was 210 degree F. Even at 250 degree it took very powerful pumps to atomize the goo for the burners. An interesting tidbit: Bunker C is what is left over from distillation of the the more valuable lube oils, gasoline, diesel , kerosine, etc. As the refining industry became more efficient, the percentage of Bunker C by-product became smaller and hence more expensive. Only when the maintenance cost savings of a cleaner burning fuel began to equalize with burning cheap but nasty black oil did the Navy consider switching. I'm sure it was an unintended blessing to the black cats.
and this is why the larger modern ships went nuclear.
Richard W I thought gas or more specifically combined steam and gas en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_steam_and_gas COSAG was a method of providing a virtually instantaneous motive power. Being stuck in port awaiting the boilers heating up appearing a poor idea if a bucket of instant sunshine might be wending its way towards that port.
@Kabuki Kitsune "Bunker C Oil" comes from the residuum cut from a vacuum fractional tower and is basically roofing asphalt used to seal leaks on roofs and as a binder for making road asphalt. It is just the amount of other volatiles that is left to allow Bunker C to somewhat flow.. Someone found out that they could make more money by refining what was left that it became useful for making a very high grade Coke for steel making. Coke is a solid. What was left from the Coke making process could be used for making lubricants.
@@COIcultist That is correct, I went on a gas turbine course from Portsmouth RN Dockyard to General Electric in Birmingham (UK), back in 1963 when gas turbines were becoming the norm for just that purpose - fast get away from a standing start until the boilers were capable of powering the main steam turbines.
I had already wrote this, but I will write it again: This episode, together with the episode on naval armour, was magisterial...
I, for one, would like more frequent and longer technological+engineering episodes.
Drach is a master teller of accurate stories of history. No doubt of that. I've seen various RUclips videos about the battle of Samar, and his is by far the best, and seems most accurate.
As someone who has made pressure vessels, do not take pressure lightly. A story from from my old work was a farmer finds what looks like a satellite dish in his field, the news crews took lots of photos of it and speculated what could have had a dish that big. This was until a factory over 10 miles away asked for it back for there accident investigation. Turns out a high pressure vessel was given a bit to much and the safety valve didnt work. I can only imagine what would happen to a boiler at 40 bar going pop would be like.
Wow, a piece from an explosion 10 miles away!!! That sure beats my story of seeing an oxygen bottle with 2000 psi fall off a rack, breaking the top valve off, taking off like a rocket, and being found 2 miles away after knocking a hole through the shop roof.
@@charlesmartin8454 was at work at Benders shipyard in Mobile Alabama when he a gas and oxygen bottle tied down in a pickup bed at the state docks while they brought the ship up river. Somehow valve came off and it sounded like bomb went off as it slammed into the truck bed and vented.
@@charlesmartin8454 Heh, there is an old video of a Russian truck full of gas cylinders having an accident. It caught fire, then the cylinders started blowing valves and flying around with cones of fire behind them.
just look up steam engine accidents. Back in the nineteen hundreds it happened all the time. Even happened in the 20th century. You get reports like 'the boiler took off like a rocket, hit the tracks at X distance and wielded itself to the tracks'.
Yes, the accidents were THAT violent.
@@1Maklak I think I saw that clip on RUclips. That was in Russia wasn't it? Traffic on both sides of a multi laned divided highway came to a halt to avoid all of the exploding and rocketing cylinders. It was amazing!!!!
My inner engineer was absolutely beside myself when you said water is incompressible, I'm glad you said "relatively incompressible" immediately after as this calmed my inner physics nerd greatly. Love your channel, keep up the outstanding work, your physics knowledge is pretty solid for an industrial engineer
I know it took AGES until lubrication and leakage problems were solved so superheated steam could be used in locomotive engines; most boiler illustrations in the vid also had no superheater. Do you know when superheated steam was introduced into stationary and waterborne steam engines?
@@enysuntra1347 I don't know exactly, but superheaters were common on stationary and marine applications by the late 1800s.
How do you get a liquid to be compressible?
@@Fetguf IIRC they mostly all are, to a very very small extent. The example I saw on Wikipedia, for example, says that water is about 1.8% denser at a depth of 4km (roughly 400 bar) in the ocean.
Also when he said a smaller diameter pipe would heat up and become ductile/degrade faster than a larger diameter pipe. Setting aside factors like scale buildup leading to inefficient heat transfer, as long as there is an uninterrupted flow of water through the system, the heating of the carrier tube is inconsequential based on size. As long as there is a working fluid present to conduct the heat, the pipe walls should be in no danger of overheating no matter their size.
Does anyone else use these videos to get to sleep? They are long..no adds and his voice is very relaxing.
It works for me.
The worlds largest water heater - modern aircraft carriers.
That uses a fission reaction to boil that water!
@@MaeLSTRoM1997 and possible floating nuclear bomb.
@@merafirewing6591 Nope, reactor grade uranium is generally incapable of a prompt critical reaction. Still potentially dangerous, but not a floating bomb.
@@merafirewing6591 Not even close.
Let the next episode be about the hull design.. Things like prismatic coefficient, midship coefficient, wave resistance, propeller design etc..
do engines/turbines next! (the "what do you do with all that steam you've just created?" episode)
Yes please!
Please do a video on turbines, thanks
Very best wishes for the holidays. I served aboard a 1,200 psi, single screw DEG/FFG, 35,000 HP, during the first half of the 1970's.
I was on the USS Hepburn (FF-1055) during her '85 WestPac cruise when she blew her 1,200 psi main supply line. Made a huge mess. Found out that 3 ships came out of rework with wrong grade metal for the main pressure pipes. Luckily the PO in charge at the time knew something bad was about to happen and had got everyone out the emergency trunk just as the line blew.
@@johnknapp952 Thank God for all the grizzled/profane CPO’s!
This brought back memories of an old "Shoe" comic strip, yellowed from time and forever posted for all our engineers and support people to see.
Santa with his reindeers and sleigh feeling the warmth from the rising steam off the bow catapults as he prepares to depart after leaving presents for the crew of a CV in deployment somewhere far from home.
Merry Christmas, peace on earth, good will to all!
Does the cat shuttle attach to the sleigh, or to Rudolph?
@@gerardmdelaney to the bridle
Don't think Rudolph would like that. Put a load on all the wrong places.
@@gerardmdelaney and think of the poor AB that had to crawl under all that.
@@AtomicBabel That's why the good Lord invented E-2s (NATO OR-2).
Although my education is as a biologist, I was surprised- AGAIN - how you are you can take a subject that would seem (to a layperson) to be dry as dust and make it fascinating!👍 Thank you again for your time, knowledge and dry sense of humor. (Like “Parboiled engineers”😀)
Boxing day and drac has a video about boilers. 30 minutts of alone time for me and the funniest part was 3 years in the Norwegian navy AS a stoker aboard HNOMS Narvik. With her 2 Babckoc & wilcoks D boilers. 22000 shaft HP @ 42 bar dry superheated steam.
609 psi
My ship, the USS Guam had two B & W boilers, superheated, 650 psi, one main engine 20,000 SHP
@@chaz000006 safety 1 was @ 44,5 bar and master safety @ 47 bar. Blowed in snfl 2002 in Lisbon at the same time as uss Samuel B Roberts was mooring longside Zerstörer Lutjens. SBR went to condition A. Due to the noise and a sailboat comming pretty close to us and them.
What a great piece of historical technology. It's not easy to present technology to history buffs. You've done a first class job.
My dad apprenticed as a pipe fitter at Ingalls Shipbuilding in Mississippi and he said they handed them these little 10 inch widgets that were supposed to detecta steam leak. But all these guys knew that was junk so they grabbed a mop handle and lifted it up around places where a leak was suspected and if it sheared the top of the mop handle off, there was your leak. lol
If you lost a finger, there was nothing to be done. The wound would be quarterized.
2:16 "Efforts to fit pressure bombs of increasingly worrying amount of power into the hearts of their ships in an effort to make them go faster" the way you; put it makes it sound like what Orks would do.
Humans are orks, didnt you know?
I mean at this point most warships carry a nuclear bomb to make them go so...
+@@alexsis1778+ Nuclear Power on ships that aren't submarines is incredibly rare.
@@cnlbenmc And nuclear powerplants are phisically incapable of initiating a positive feedback fission chainreaction.
+@@ineednochannelyoutube5384+ Well No freaking duh.
this in depth technical analysis is top tier
I'm a naval architect--and I learned something from this. Well done.
Hi, Drach. I'm a frequent watcher of your channel, first time commenter. from 3:40 to 5:04, you discuss what happens when you slug a steam engine. I would sincerely hope you address the notion of petcocks and water traps, and why they are so important when you start your steam engine video. Thank you for a pretty awesome series so far. Looking forward to seeing more.
Thanks for the Christmas present Drach.
When a naval engineer says he's going to "Put the kettle on" to boil some water, it means something considerably different to when I say that.
I watched half of this last night but couldn’t finish, then woke up today irrationally excited for more boiler video! Thanks!
An exceptional explanation of the history and uses of high pressure steam and boiler uses, really good source of information (from a modern day industrial steam boiler engineer)...and naval history enthusiast...keep up the good work!...fyi bellow 25Bar steam and high pressure boilers are still used in a wide range of uses from power stations to hospitals, distilleries and airports etc!...there are still a lot of places that need a lot of energy or a lot of steam/heat!
As being a retired boilermaker (union and trade) I've work in shipyards as well as powerplants (coal & nuclear) I found this very interesting.
As an engineer, I'll mess with the high power electrical (makes sure the disconnect is open and confirm with a meter), pneumatic (make sure the gauge reads zero and listen for leaks) and hydraulic (leaks make a mess, but stored energy is relatively low) equipment. But I won't go near steam. It scares the hell out of me. It can fry you like electricity, stores more energy than pneumatic, and runs at high pressure like hydraulics. Plus, it has insidious ways of killing you, like messing up the start-up of a boiler causes it to go boom. The medium size city I live in has heated sidewalks down town supplied by a "low pressure" steam plant. Once, someone started it without water in the economizer. When they realized their mistake and opened a feed-water valve, boom. No one was killed, but the building had several large holes where all of the windows once were.
During Desert Storm we Med-Evac'd some Boiler Techs from a steam powered LPH that suffered a main steam line rupture. Most of them died either on the scene or, in one case after we got him into USS Nassau's sickbay (Level One Trauma Center as good as either of the Hospital ships.) Our doctors and surgeons were surprised this kid hung on as long as he did, parboiled as he was.
I rember a news article when in about 2005 in New York an 80year old steam pipe from a district heating plant did rupture. It blew a 6´deep hole in most of the street. I dont rememer if there were any casualties.
Fun Fact the German Technischer Überwachungsverein (literaly techincal surveilance club more commonly referred to as TÜV ) which which atests vehicles road safty was founded in the wake of boiler explosions at the beginning of the 20th century. They still do that and a lot of stuff more.
Bro where do you live heated sidewalks sound dope
@joe jitsu
You do realize the Democratic Party was split on the issue between Northern Dems and Southern Dems, right? That's how Lincoln got to be President. It was sectional, not party-driven.
And the parties flipped in the 1960s.
Stop with the obsolete view of Dems vs. GOPers, please. It is only used as a parrot argument these days.
@@jameson1239 Grand Rapids, Michigan. The steam is used by some of the buildings for HVAC, too.
Well done Drac! Almost 50 years ago as a junior officer on a Gearing class destroyer I had to qualify on a 600 pound steam plant. Your video brought back memories of "A Type" and "D Type" water-tube boilers, lighting off at 2 AM, top and bottom blows &c &c &c. On our old ship the 600 pound plant was quite reliable and generated about 60,000 HP out of 4 boilers. A follow-on 1200 pound system, however, was much less reliable and had a nasty reputation.
I served aboard a Knox class frigate and by 1975 we had perfected the 1200 psi boiler. BTW the working pressure was 1,275 psi and I did observe a few minor super heated steam leaks and one major one.
What's the Gearing-class you served on Sir Engineer?
@@SukacitaYeremia The Gearing class destroyer was a further development of the earlier Sumner class, and entered service right at the end of WWII. My ship, the USS Hamner DD-718, entered service in late 1945 and actually has a very brief appearance in Drac's video on the class.
Was a boiler tech in the U S Navy. Served on USS Iowa BB 61 we had 8 Babcock and Wilcox 600 psi main steam boilers with Foster and Wheeler super heater economizers. Yes it does get warm in the fireroom, about 120 degrees F. Not too many fat people working in the fireroom.lol
You snipes had a wicked tough, dirty and potentially dangerous job.
Much respect from a topside twidget here.
Interestingly, I think the U.S. Navy eliminated the BM rating.
Kevin Springer I had the “pleasure” of spending part of my 19th birthday inside the boiler of a DDG, scraping at the tubes with an angled piece of steel. They were kind enough to stick an elephant trunk air blower through the tiny hole behind me, since it was still pretty hot inside. The boiler techs were smart enough to put an ignorant skinny midshipman to good use! My full respect to anyone who had it as a full time job.
Bill Brockman I was 6’2” 160 lbs and the only one skinny enough to fit in the mud drum and steam drum. By the way I am now cloister phobic. Thanks BT1 Johnson.
@@Johnnycdrums BM (Boatswains Mate) is still a going thing, it was the BT (Boiler Technician) rating that was eliminated since very few active Navy warships today use oil fired steam plants, primarily LHD type I think. Not certain but I think a number of the USNS auxiliaries may still be steamers … everything else is gas turbine or diesel (auxiliaries I think.) The last LHD hull and the new America class LHAs are gas turbine powered.
@@robertf3479 ; got it.
Merry Christmas. Best wishes for 2020
Oof
"...the auld Fleet Engineer,
That started as a boiler-whelp-when steam and he were low.
I mind the time we used to serve a broken pipe wi' tow.
Ten pound was all the pressure then-Eh! Eh!-a man wad drive;
An' here, our workin' gauges give one hunder fifty-five!
We're creepin' on wi' each new rig-less weight an' larger power:
There'll be the loco-boiler next an' thirty knots an hour!"
Rudyard Kipling, McAndrew's Hymn (1894)
Men used to sing, and it was glorious
As an engineer who also loves literature, I’m glad to know that I’m not the only hairy-knuckle dragging, supposed “Low brow” who does! 😉
@@drcovell I, sir, am an organic chemist. In my experience, the average scientist or engineer knows a damsite more about arts and literature than the average arts graduate does the reverse.
This is a great abbreviated video on boilers in the navy, thank you it was well done.
I had no idea why that kept coming up on recommends. Now I know. Precise, humorous and well narrated.
Pressure pushing down on me
Pressing down on you
In the boiler room
*queen intensifies*
@Justice Boofer Da da da dada dada!
@@treyhelms5282 Isn't it 'Da da deda deda!".
@@Kevin_Kennelly I guess one can spell it out differently. Cheers.
A couple of points. Water tube boilers have their feed into the upper drum...circulation is so important.
There must be two safety valves, the primary is on the output of the superheater....you must keep a flow through the sh, or tubes will burn.
Get a sheet of paper, fold it into an open top cube, fill it with water, and put a blow lamp against the wetted area. The water will boil, the paper will not burn...you can run steel pipes at a very high temperature...so long as you have a powerful circulation!
My tutor said that they had to "plug off" a leaky pipe, and when the docked, etc, the leaky pipe was gone!
The steamship I worked on ran at 600 psi, with a superheater output of 900 F. After all the pre-heats, the water temp into the economisor was only 2 degrees below the uptake waste temp.
Very interesting video, thank you.
Well done. Just the right amount of sarcastic wit.
I went on a Steam Engine/Locomotive video spree, learning about how steam and boilers eventually resulted in trains. Now, it’s awesome to hear about this with a little bit of background to go off of!
Merry Christmas Drac, I hope the new year brings you fair winds and following seas. I actually served on one if the last boiler ships in the USN built in 1973. Glad to see us engineers getting some attention. 140 degrees Fahrenheit in the boiler room on a good day!
What would you think of a factory which needed heat in certain locations, but only for precise times.
To get it they ran a closed loop at 140C.
Others used dry steam, some of which was used 'live'.
If you want to get "Naval Boilers" be aware Drach recommends the second edition (published in 1956), which you will probably need to pick up from an antiquarian.
There also is a first edition of the same name, also for use in the naval academy, published in 1908 by F.C. Bieg. There are several reprints of this work currently available as new facsimile books since the work is in the public domain. The latter one is more easily to find in search engines (as it is currently available as "new")
HSwM is a good example of a boiler conversion.
She was built in 1905 as a small armoured cruiser and she serves as a training ship for much of her career sailing the world with cadettes (quite literally sometimes as she could use sails to lessen her coal use).
As WW2 broke out she was obsolete but every ship was needed so she got a major overhaul where her 12 boilers was replaced with 4 modern one's.
Her tipple expansion machinery was retained. In general the machinery was usually kept in the Swedish navy and the boilers where replaced on older ships.
During WW2 some ships even got new coal fired boilers installed so they could run on both hard to get fuel oil and more easily to get coal.
This right here shows the awesome side of RUclips. The ability to find a good and well produced documentary on just about anything.
Every (6) months in the ‘90’s, I was one of the few chosen with a small frame, to crawl into and under (3) (former steam engine) boiler fire tubes to pneumaticallly hammer away water deposits accumulated by hard fresh water. The space was very cramped @15” from the floor of the tank to the bottom of the 3” tubes. Even though the tank was dry and “cooled” overnight, it was still very hot and grueling work inside. You had to carefully balance aggressiveness and care at the same time. Of course, I wore coveralls, goggles, leather gloves and boots while the chipped deposits struck me in the face during the four hour job.
Ah, the blessings of the under-weight and slim!
I remember very well that I was often the one "volunteered" for various tasks that required a man (our female soldiers would often suddenly disappear at such times) to correct some fault on top of an already precarious structure or to squeeze between two mostly-secured containers to find out why they were still moving. Luckily, neither limb, nor life was lost, though I learned some valuable lessons about the loyalty of my fellow soldiers...
Boilers ... who knew they could be this interesting :)).
A Boilermaker.
Excellent overview of naval boiler history.
The BP Kwinana Refinery in Western Australia used water-tube boilers to generate steam as part of the process of converting oil to numerous petroleum products. During a major refurbishment in the early 1980's, a large stack of used boiler tubes (complete with calcium deposits inside) were disposed of at the local rubbish dump (my "hardware store"). I was delighted to secure several utility-loads of them for about $20 per load, which enabled me to make gates, ladders, trestles and even roof trusses & side-frames for a large workshop.
Your half hour summary of Naval boilers has enlightened me considerably, made even more enjoyable by reflecting upon welding and recycling those marvellous boiler tubes of long ago. A friend of mine secured the trestles for his own use in building his house, and they are still functional more than 35 years later.
Thanks for doing this as a second class steam Engineer i really enjoyed this .you showed some D and A type water tube boilers ...A’s having two mud drums at the bottom and one steam drum on top...D’s having one mud drum on bottom and one steam drum on top.we run Two D type 600 hp boilers at my work both Forced draft fan driven burning #6 bunker fuel oil .we walk around the boilers with broom sticks out in front of us if the end of the stick drops off you stop in your tracks as you have a super heated steam leak.we also have a dry back Scotch marine fire tube boiler we use to keep the plant hot and for preheating purposes as well as heating the 40,000 gallons of #6 FO to 120 degrees or it turns into a sludge that wont flow or atomize properly.jim
Quite a few early destroyers and torpedo boats used locomotive boilers for cost and availability reasons.... though some were swapped out for naval designs later on.... but back in those days the differences between ships of the same class were often quite extreme...
@Kabuki Kitsune The Alarm class was designed by Sir William White in 1889 as an enlarged version of his previous Sharpshooter class. They had a length overall of 242 ft (74 m),[1] a beam of 27 ft (8.2 m)[1] and a displacement of 810 tons.[1] They were engined with two sets of vertical triple-expansion steam engines, two locomotive-type boilers, and twin screws
There are numerous examples of this.. where one or several ships in a class use locomotive boilers...
Some are literally just a few locomotive boilers shoved in next to each other .... they proved heavy and even broke a ships back at one point.. with much loss of life
Almost all the paddle boats used on inland waterways in Australia like the Murray-Darling system and Gippsland Lakes used old railway locomotive boilers with fireboxes adapted to burn wood. The riverboats were all under 150 feet long, so railway boilers had sufficient capacity to power them.
The Bathurst class corvettes all used engines fabricated in railway workshops - because nothing else was available at the time
@Kabuki Kitsune The usage of locomotive boilers in ships predates turbines.
Was locomotive type boilers used at all in turbine plants ??
A reciprocating type of engine is something else.
@Kabuki Kitsune Locomotive boilers are easier to build than water tube boilers so therefore cheaper at the expense of higher water consumption and slower response. The power levels at low pressure are comparable as this is just a question of tube surface area.
New subscriber here. Retired USN Master Chief Boiler Technician (BT). 1966-1988 stationed on several ships. Last years saw a lot of boiler issues as the Middle Pacific Boiler Inspector stationed at Pearl Harbor. Fascinating site.
I remember reading that the boilers on the early Mississippi paddle steamers were always going bang. Now I understand more. Thank you very much.
After a Christmas like a particularly miserable Wake, cooped up with the dullest humans imaginable, this half-hour has been a joyous relief.
Not exactly to your comment,but Mark Twains book,Life on the Mississippi covers some of the boats that burnt,including the death of his brother.
Well worth reading. He left being a riverboat pilot because of the Civil War. And did not return till years later,but still a very good read.
paul manson . Thank you. I know why he used Mark Twain as a pen name but I’ve only read Huckleberry Finn, and that decades ago. I’ll take a look.
There were two primary reasons for frequent FT boiler failures, Poor Maintenance and Operating Errors. If care wasn't taken to descale boilers using river water, they would scale up and the tubes and or furnace would overheat and fail. Riveted joints in the shell would fail when either broken rivets or cracks between rivet holes were ignored. Operators would lose the water level due to outside distractions or more commonly intoxication. In some cases, catastrophic failures occurred when the Chief tied down the safety valves so they could beat their rival steamboat. Steamboat boiler explosions only declined after Jurisdictional Inspections and Operator Licensing were established.
Victor Mershon . Thank you. I remember reading about the racing but I hadn’t linked it to the boiler failures. I’ve always thought those sternwheelers were particularly wonderful boats and when I was little I made a kit of the Robert E Lee.
Merry Christmas. Part of the promotion chain of study, there was a Principles Of Naval Engineering, self paced course. I spent almost a year grinding through the thing. I finished in early 1991 and happily turned the paperwork over to the personnel department for recording. I was informed that it had been discontinued a few months earlier so was of no value. I did get all I could get in the world of D and M type 600PSI/1200PSI boilers, turbines and other make-the-boat go goodies.
The other advantage of water tube over fire tube boilers was the reduced risk of explosion. You show a photo of the Sultana, she basically was listing badly enough that one boiler was superheated and on the next shock, the superheated water decided it really identified as steam.
Fascinating, especially to an ex railway fireman. The locomotive with a Yarrow water tube boiler failed quickly possibly because of enormously varying demands. My uncle master in sail found himself in the RNVR in WW1 and was given an experimental high speed torpedo boat with 'Field' type boilers. His language was interesting. In WW2 he bluffed his way into command of a mine sweeper, which ran on any muck you could put in the boiler!!
only Drach can make me look forward to 36 minutes about naval boilers...well done. Merry Christmas to you and yours.
With respect to inducing a draft, in the fire box, etc., the steam railroad engines used the exhaust steam from the driving cylinders to induce a draft through the smoke stack. So you get the huff-huff-huff of the railway engine starting up and the puffs of smoke flowing back along the train.
🎶 Water tube boilers live longer with Calgon. 🎶
Thank you so much for such detail on what might, to some others, seem a dry subject. I was hooked from start to finish. This is where specialist RUclips contributors are absolutely fantastic!
Well researched my friend. Proves you have learned an excellent understanding of the subject you present. So refreshing to get into such a gift of your production. So well done, Sir
The ship on which I served nearly suffered a "pipe bomb" incident. Thanks for telling me what would have happened if it did. (shudders...)
not just Naval boilers that go boom if you get it wrong! a fair few trains and general engines went ka-bloom too! as always amazing work.
And land based boilers too - a number of buildings have been demolished by boilers in their basements. Even a simple hot water service can demolish a house by penetrating three to four floors on the way out the roof.
BT3 Bryant advance boiler technician U.S.S. Gridley CG-21 here.Personally, I didn’t care much about being a BT 6Y0. They’re so fascinating and complicated though, yet a boiler technician job in civilian life is a high paying job. I just wanted My Pontiac Trans Am 400 and my girlfriend. A stationary boiler seems like an excersise bike. Like my dad, submarines Atlantic 1946-67 I am now sure we both wanted adventure. Him being chief electrician, and a huge ‘goon’(the 5 Bryant boys nickname for him). I have NO idea how he ever even fit in them. C-YA Drach.
This video got me all steamed up!
Alternative title: When Painting Your Warship Red Is Not Enough.
Merry Christmas!
This is even funnier because the part of ship that goes underwater is often painted red.
I don’t get the joke. Can you explain?
@@jamesharding3459 In Warhammer 40000 universe some orks believe that anything painted red moves faster. And it usually does.
*WAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGHHHHHHH!!!!*
Евгений Левченко I don’t anything about 40K besides TTS videos, but now I get it. Funny.
“Please don’t do this” I’m about to do what’s called a pro gamer move
Instructions unclear dick caught in oven door.
I'm a simple engineer. When I see a Drach video where he gets to nerd out on an engineering-related topic, that's a *very* Merry Christmas!
,,,,,,,, muscoangelo ,, comment above 3 months ago,,, Thats engineering!
On my ship(USS Camden(AOE-2)), we had D type boilers running at 600psi @ 800 degrees fahrenheit, and these boilers were very stable and efficient, prolly the pinnacle of modern boilers.
Also, my ship and her sister(USS Sacramento) each got a pair of battleship engines from the unfinished USS Kentucky and we were able to crank out 130,000 shp per shaft, and able to reach speeds in the 33 knot range.
I would have never thought that boiler developement had such an impact on naval propolsion. I can't wait for your engine developement video!
I would go further with that statement in fact to see what steam did first for a country then the world was/ is still one of the most transforming event ever,,, It completely transformed everything,, for the better or worst depending where you stand on the issues
very interesting, everybody rants about condensing boilers but do not realise that many years ago there was a thing called an economiser fitted into the funnel/ flue this would reheat the condense water before being pumped back to the boiler. thus saving fuel.
Condensing "boilers" extract energy from the flue gas steam generated when the fuel is burnt. But they are not really boilers at all, because the water is never allowed to get hot enough.
The economiser is a feed-water pre-heater sat after the super heater. Really big boilers might have an air pre-heater behind that.
My ship, the USS Guam had an economiser that meshed with the superheaters in the outer flue of the boilers. Before the economiser was a feed water heater that used water that was freshly condensed to heat the incoming water
Still manufactured by Greens Co in UK , Fitted my last one to a ship in Dubai 30 years ago.
Thanks for the awesome Christmas present ;) And a very good selection of photos and drawings, everyone interested in these things _heard_ of, say, Yarrow boilers, but that's I think the first time someone bothered to show what they looked like in a non-textbook. ;)
Thanks for putting this very interesting video together. I worked with various types of industrial boilers for over 40 years and I learned things here that I didn’t know. You may consider looking into paper mill recovery boilers. In my experience recovery boilers are quite amazing. They are fueled by black liquor which is a by-product of the wood pulping process. Recovery boilers made paper manufacturing far less expensive because they used black liquor for fuel which generated power for the whole paper making process. On a separate note, I have witnessed boiler explosions and 1500 psig steam leaks. Both are experiences I will never forget.
Merry Christmas Drach, thank you for everything you do. Bless you and your family.
This was an awesome video, I definitely enjoyed it.
Very good video, well done. Having worked in the engine rooms of two US Navy warships I really enjoyed the discussion of a subject that is far to often ignored. Water treatment is a large subject, and it’s amazing how well they can remove the salt from sea water in a. Good set of evaporators. When I stood generators watch one of the things I had to do was get a sample of the condensate off the condenser and test the chlorides level. The reading I remember was 8 ppm being acceptable . 8ppm on water that had once been salt water. This is just an opinion, but I happen to believe that the 600lb plants on the Iowa class may well have been the finest steam plants ever built. The carrier I was on had a 1200lb plant and there were constant problems with things. In my opinion you had too much pressure stress along with too much thermal stress combined, and often times that killed men. After Nam the carrier I was on went into the yards in Bremerton. One night I ran into a full commander back in 3 main who I didn’t know, turns out he was there from Washington. They were considering dropping the steam pressure from 1200 psi to 900 psi. I don’t know what ever happened to that idea, as far as I know it never happened. They had converted a carrier on the east coast to 900 psi, must not have liked the result. When testing the steering gear out after leaving the yards that carrier did 37 knots, and she was not topped out.
In the sixties I served in the engine room of an Essex class WWII carrier (CVS-20) with a 600lb plant. All manual controls and at 40 years old it purred like a kitten with little or no problems. (Hydraulic catapults). In Bremerton I was transferred to a 1200lb carrier (CVA63) where the boilers and engine were controlled in a room room in the machinery space. Every important control was remote and automatic (Hagan). The Catapults were steam operated. Nothing but trouble with that 7 year old system at 1200psi, 900F. We even had boilers fail in other machinery rooms by "blowing out tubes" which at the time was blamed on "poor maintenance" . We even kept a running record or which of the four machinery rooms failed and how often!. CVA63 went on to be the longest serving aircraft carrier in the fleet for many years before it was de-commissioned.
A leak in the condenser will present itself by:
very hard to get a really low pressure at the hot water side
slowly increasing salinity level in the feed water - not good.
@@admiral06472 How many boilers feeding the same steam feed pipe ?
@@admiral06472 Tube failure is almost always either solids (soot or minerals) on or in the tubes (which increases the tube surface temperature and reduces strength) or manufacturing faults (asymmetric tubes or bad tube crimps). Maintenance can only fix the first problem.
@@TheStefanskoglund1Two boilers per main engine: USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63), formerly CVA-63, is a supercarrier in the United States Navy. ... Propulsion: Westinghouse geared steam turbines, eight Foster Wheeler steam boilers, four shafts; 280,000 shp (210 MW). Speed: 33 knots (61 km/h; ...
Decommissioned: 12 May 2009 Commissioned: 29 April 1961
Awarded: 1 October 1955 Status: Stricken, to be disposed of
Nice picture of the Waverly! I rode her from Glasgow to Danoon, Scotland in '83, She is still steaming today!!
the hottest and sweatiest of naval history topics.
This was very interesting. I've been watching Fred Dibnah's excellent shows on the age of steam; this adds a lot of detail that he omits.
"When things go wrong below decks men die."
Merry Christmas my old ship mate. Wishing you and your family all the very best for 2020. Keep up the good work Sir.
i watched that other guys 3000ish horsepower truck explode on the dyno about a week ago, now the most interesting things get recommended.
your content is top notch. thanks for posting
They wouldn't need a fancy 3-drum affair, the admiralty could have just wrapped the tank in my nasty Christmas jumper and in about half an hour that tank would be as hot as the surface of the sun.
P.S. Merry Christmas Drach!
A wonderful Christmas gift. Merry Christmas, Drac.
Thank you, I am now extremely terrified of my tea kettle.
I am a Boilermaker by trade apprenticeship.
Serious precise trade.
Appreciate the movie, very interesting.
Supposedy there is a “Nagato type” boiler that the JDSF used for training into the 80s that I believe is still in existence.
What about the "boilers" used to distill alcohol, eg rum, arguably as essential in the navy
Excellent overview. I graduated USNA in 1984. Plebe year we had a course called Naval Engineering, taught in the engineering department. Forty years later I recall 2 things: the “M Type” boiler and the “D Type” boiler. One was newer in 1981, I forget which. Most of us ended up running gas turbines in Spruance and Ticonderoga Classes. I ended up flying, running neither. I recall a third thing now. When there was a steam leak at 1200 PSI or some such, you looked for it standing still, waving a broom