@@NileRed In most countries in EU you can buy KMnO4 in pharmacy in 25g bottles. Also, H2O2 is a controlled precursor in EU(some terrorist attacks were made in France using peroxy-acetone). So if you want to buy it, you have to identify yourself and you are written into database
Pretty dang cool! I vote for most bitter substance or iodine clock reaction next. I'd also like to ask for a video with some electrochemistry if you like that. I'd love to see KClO3 be made by altering the voltages in a solution of KCl with a discussion about why. Or maybe making sodium metal by electrolysis of molten NaCl. Anyways, great job as always!! Cheers!
Thanks, Nile! This is really useful for me because you help me how to produce Bromine from Manganese dioxide, which I don't know how to use the MnO2 which I also extracted from batteries as a useful compound to create pure chemical elements (despite the Carbon contaminant). Bromine is also one of my favorite halogens (although I love all halogens, including Astatine and Tennessine)
I used a similar procedure to this one to make myself a few ml of bromine, the only difference is that I used KMnO4 as the oxidizer. It works very well and this video helped me a lot! Bromine is evil, smelly stuff, but very interesting and fun to work with.
would you be willing to go through a process of how and what brominated vegetable oil is and what it's used for? i know people who drink a lot of mountain dew and i know it contains brominated vegetable oil. this video is really cool and the setup you used looked like a heart and the color of the reaction was awesome for that aesthetic!
at time stamp 8:03 you show a chemical reaction where u have written you have Na in compound of NaBr but in your reactant side there is no Na either in element or compound form. Another in your product side u have K in the compound of KHSO4 but you have no K in either element or compound form in the reactant side. If you don't mind the right chemical equation should be 2 NaBr (aq) + MnO2 (s) + 3 H2SO4 (aq) → 2 NaHSO4 (aq) + MnSO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) + Br2 (aq)
+Gabbos Ironfist I've worked abit with mercury but when we cleaned it it was quite boring with a coffee-filter like filter. Them mercury is mostly clean most of the time but the outer side has the oxides and other filth on it making it easy to clean the visual filth
I'm sure you already know about this, but for anyone who doesn't, here's my favorite way to make Br2. Just react bromide+bromate+sulfuric acid in this reaction: 5 Br- + BrO3- + 6 H+ --> 3 Br2 + 3 H2O. Potassium bromate is fairly easily found on ebay for reasonable prices. Yields are high and it's super easy and fast. Most of the bromine comes crashing out of solution and pools on the bottom, ready to be pipetted out. Most of the rest can be extracted out with DCM or chloroform if you want; no distillation needed unless you're a yield fiend.
Great video as always :D But i just have one question, since you're using sodium bromide, shouldn't sodium bisulfate be formed instead of potassium bisulfate?
I laughed, wasn't expecting that. Sad truth is. If everyone were to smoke weed at the exact same time. the world would have at least 3 hours of total peace.
NileRed and Periodic table channel for the win.. there the only 2 i use notifications for HAHA EDIT: Also lol, I love how at 8:55 you can see your cool lab and a mad scientist at work in the flask haha
Probably should have installed a cold trap during your filtration to protect your vacuum pump. As for your glassware joints, what is your cleaning procedure? Does it involve a base bath wash?
I could say so many things.. This is my passion right here (chemistry) and have been held back from applying it. My grandpa was a chemical engineer so I guess that's where I get it.. So cool seeing all that glassware put to use. Something tells me this guy isn't that old and must have a cool dad or grand dad. If you or anyone else had freedom to synthesize, what would your number one pick be?
10:00, I kinda realised at this point that he put the funnel trap just below the hypo solution. Otherwise the hypo solution would just get pulled into the receiving flask and kill the bromine.
There's no link in the description about the MnO2 extraction from batteries. (The video itself is easy enough to find, just mentioning because you said you'd add it)
Again, great quality man.I would love to see the preparation of azeotropic nitric acid. After seeing what it did to your hand I can't wait to watch some cool reactions with it!
He already has a video on making fuming nitric, if you need less concentrated (Azeotropic is 68% I think, or 86, each number has a significance I forget), just add it to a stoichiometric amount of water. (Slowly and carefully, obviously)
+Ryan Cooper Oh. I thought azeotropic nitric acid was more concentrated than the fuming variant. Thanks for clearing that up. I've actually seen the fuming nitric acid video and I loved how it passivated the copper before it was diluted.
Another source of MnO2 is so called "black oxide" used for colouring mortar and concrete. Be careful it is messy shit and gets everywhere, but yeah that's the least of your problems if you are extracting bromine :P
The reaction at 8:05 seems to have a typo. It has sodium on the left and potassium on the right. I assume the sodium compound it makes is NaHSO4? Was assuming it was Na2SO4 before seeing the equation. (Amazing videos BTW!)
I would have thought an aspirator would probably be best for this kind of thing, not much for bromine to eat and even if the bromine does destroy it, it's only like $20 for a replacement
What is that glassware you are using for the gravity filtration? Also, you mentioned that paper would be destroyed on contact with the bromine. What is that white substance that the bromine solution is being filtered through during the gravity filtration or is that a part of the glassware?
+Austin Anderson its not a gravity, but a vacuum filtration. the glassware is a sinter filter, which is made of some sort of porous ceramic and therefore much more resistant against chemicals
Where did you find carbon batteries in 2016? Here in Canada you can get potassium permanganate in kilogram jars at any water conditioning shop. Isn't that true all over north america and europe?
+Nile Red I find this very interesting. Most "fun" chemicals are unavailable in Canada. nitric acid and ammonium nitrate for example, you can't even get eBay instant cold packs shipped to Canada. I will be checking my local dollar store for carbon battery's, I have use for some carbon rods. I propose you check your local water shop for pot perm, it's the preferred regenerant for green sand filters, I'm sure they have it.
Im using my advantage of being so early to ask for a video about Natural product extraction Nature gives us an amazing variety of chemicals and all we have to do is to purify them! Also, im voting for Acetone from calcium acetate
What safety equipment do you use for this? Just a well ventilated area? Curious not so much because I ever plan on making bromine, but just because the risks associated with a fuming toxic chemical like this seems to be quite high.
Couldn't you use a condenser in conjunction with a liquid that will condense the bromine at low pressure in series with your vacuum pump & vacuum filter to prevent bromine vapors from reaching the pump?
Potassium permanganate isn't hard to get in North America at all. You can buy it by the kilo for pretty damn cheap actually. Hell, it's not even that hard to find in Europe. Lmao!
How about you try to produce polymers using copper II acetate to form copper phenylacetylide and transform it, using oxidative dimerization, to form diphenylbutadiyne, so you can ultimately form a polyyne preform to eventually make some simple plastics.
But what use is Bromine to you? I mean, it's good to make it for a video, but you keep making more, so it must have some use to you beyond showing how you made it.
BeGamerSl just mix them VERY carefully and filter the solution. But this method isn't really cost efficient and you'll pay your sulphur ten times its value. If you can afford sulphuric acid you surely can find sulphur.
Where did you get the sodium thiosulphate? I was looking to source some last month for nickel plating. I couldn’t find it on its own and ended up using tarnex as a substitute, which worked to an extent, but also contains sulfamic acid which should actually not be in the ingredients.
8:10 you've gotten the thingy wrong right? sodium bromide+manganese dioxide+sulfuric acid=potassium bi sulfide??? POTASSIUM??? sorry if i missed anything that makes my comment invalid...
For the vacuum filtration, would it be possible to add a condenser between the filtration setup and the vacuum pump? If you set it up so the bromine condenses and drips back down into the filtrate before the vapour makes it into the pump, you could both save the loss of bromine and protect the pump
Rob Mckennie hahahaha no way dude, as you saw at the beginning of the video there has to be substantial bromine vapor for it to condense. At reduced pressure it would be way harder to make it condense so even a condenser with ice water would have a hard time condensing any of the little bromine coming through...
+wyldeman0O7 Bromine would react with most glass joint lubricants like silicon etc... sulfuric acid is pretty much non-reactive with bromine as well as slightly viscous - so it makes for a good lubricating agent in this instance.
+Da Moose i got an alert on my phone that the video was posted yesterday afternoon and got off of work at 5pm PST and was too excited to wait till i got home so i listened to it while i drove home. then i had dinner and then went to watch it on my computer around 7 and it was already gone :(
Hi! I love your videos and I have a small request for you. Can you please show us how to extract hydrogen peroxide from washing powder. I also heard that you can extract boron silicate from washing powder. So if it is possible then can you show us? :)
"WARNING: Bromine can kill you!"
*pause*
Bromine is a really kewl element...
Bromine is cool cuz it’s dangerous when it’s hot 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
if you handle it properly
“A very sophisticated temporary storage container.”
Sarcasm notch turned up to 11!!
I do love his dry sense of humour.
you know you've been doing too much chemistry when you unintentionally stop breathing at the sight of bromine in a video
me too
Hahah or even simply watching too much NileRed & NileBlue 🤣😂
Copper sulphate n potasium iodine makes bromine right ?
@@atlys258 no not really
CHEMICAL OVERLOAD
Bromine before Hoemine!
pfft.
Bite me hater
Bros before hoes
Weird request it may be, but I kind of want to see a side by side comparison between bromine and nitrogen dioxide.
btw isnt it sodium bisulphate in the equasion? not potassium
+Feetkiller97 noooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo. I messed up
+Nile Red I feel so honoured I could detect a flaw!
+Nile Red hahahaha. it's ok. ;)
i also saw it. laught a few seconds. then continued watching
+kickassNK WoW DuDe, sO CaSuAL, sO CoOL, EleGAnt, YeT InTelLiGeNT.
You can easily get potassium permanganate from your local aquarium store as a pure salt. It's used to treat parasites.
+halcofdrops I just thought it would be hard to get. In canada it is a controlled precursor
@@NileRed In most countries in EU you can buy KMnO4 in pharmacy in 25g bottles. Also, H2O2 is a controlled precursor in EU(some terrorist attacks were made in France using peroxy-acetone). So if you want to buy it, you have to identify yourself and you are written into database
I got it from eBay or Amazon, can't remember which, wasn't difficult at all to procure.
"WARNING: Bromine can KILL YOU"
bromine is a really cool element-
Pretty dang cool! I vote for most bitter substance or iodine clock reaction next.
I'd also like to ask for a video with some electrochemistry if you like that. I'd love to see KClO3 be made by altering the voltages in a solution of KCl with a discussion about why.
Or maybe making sodium metal by electrolysis of molten NaCl.
Anyways, great job as always!! Cheers!
@Mike Sienicki Not Nile.
Thanks, Nile! This is really useful for me because you help me how to produce Bromine from Manganese dioxide, which I don't know how to use the MnO2 which I also extracted from batteries as a useful compound to create pure chemical elements (despite the Carbon contaminant). Bromine is also one of my favorite halogens (although I love all halogens, including Astatine and Tennessine)
I used a similar procedure to this one to make myself a few ml of bromine, the only difference is that I used KMnO4 as the oxidizer. It works very well and this video helped me a lot! Bromine is evil, smelly stuff, but very interesting and fun to work with.
would you be willing to go through a process of how and what brominated vegetable oil is and what it's used for? i know people who drink a lot of mountain dew and i know it contains brominated vegetable oil. this video is really cool and the setup you used looked like a heart and the color of the reaction was awesome for that aesthetic!
BVO is an emulsifier to keep flavoring and stuff from separating - not what i expected tbh
bvo isn't in mountain dew anymore
Thanks for putting the caption NaHSO4, I got confused as to how you created K from Na.
at time stamp 8:03 you show a chemical reaction where u have written you have Na in compound of NaBr but in your reactant side there is no Na either in element or compound form. Another in your product side u have K in the compound of KHSO4 but you have no K in either element or compound form in the reactant side. If you don't mind the right chemical equation should be 2 NaBr (aq) + MnO2 (s) + 3 H2SO4 (aq) → 2 NaHSO4 (aq) + MnSO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) + Br2 (aq)
Great job. I love your bromine videos! (and finally got to see what you look like, kinda lol)
I'm looking forward to the cleaning mercury video!
+Gabbos Ironfist I second this!
+Gabbos Ironfist I've worked abit with mercury but when we cleaned it it was quite boring with a coffee-filter like filter. Them mercury is mostly clean most of the time but the outer side has the oxides and other filth on it making it easy to clean the visual filth
I'm sure you already know about this, but for anyone who doesn't, here's my favorite way to make Br2. Just react bromide+bromate+sulfuric acid in this reaction: 5 Br- + BrO3- + 6 H+ --> 3 Br2 + 3 H2O. Potassium bromate is fairly easily found on ebay for reasonable prices. Yields are high and it's super easy and fast. Most of the bromine comes crashing out of solution and pools on the bottom, ready to be pipetted out. Most of the rest can be extracted out with DCM or chloroform if you want; no distillation needed unless you're a yield fiend.
bromine vapor looks lile nitrogem dioxide.
nitrogen*
Nitrogen not nitrogem
And Br2 vapour does Look like NO2 gas
Great video as always :D
But i just have one question, since you're using sodium bromide, shouldn't sodium bisulfate be formed instead of potassium bisulfate?
+Chafic Labaki haha yes. I made a mistake :P
I too noticed it😮
No trap between the filter and vacuum pump?
I think it would be interesting if you could do a video on the alkanes, perhaps making one from another or something like that.
Imagine smoking a bong full of bromine. Call it the world war I.
I laughed, wasn't expecting that. Sad truth is. If everyone were to smoke weed at the exact same time. the world would have at least 3 hours of total peace.
@@TamotsuWish haha or three hours of complete paranoia
@@TamotsuWish there would be chaos at drive thrus everywhere, as everyone's craving cheeseburgers but the cooks are baked and cooking slow as hell
NileRed and Periodic table channel for the win.. there the only 2 i use notifications for HAHA EDIT: Also lol, I love how at 8:55 you can see your cool lab and a mad scientist at work in the flask haha
Where does the potassium bisulfate come from?In the reaction you are using NaBr , H2SO4 and MnO2 , there is no KMnO4!
Ultimate Gamer I think he meant sodium bisulphate
KMnO4 is potassium permanganate, which at the beginning of the video, he stated you can replace with MnO2.
yes ive been waiting!
Bromine can do some cool things but it's dangerous and wreck your space,
It's fun to react with K
Manganese dioxide in most cheap batteries
From category being edited you should upload the mercury cleaning video and you realy should make Q&A video.
9:00 you can see him and the rest of his lab in the reflection
+max p shhhh
Hey buddy how about cyanoacrolate ?
Probably should have installed a cold trap during your filtration to protect your vacuum pump.
As for your glassware joints, what is your cleaning procedure? Does it involve a base bath wash?
I could say so many things.. This is my passion right here (chemistry) and have been held back from applying it. My grandpa was a chemical engineer so I guess that's where I get it.. So cool seeing all that glassware put to use. Something tells me this guy isn't that old and must have a cool dad or grand dad.
If you or anyone else had freedom to synthesize, what would your number one pick be?
fla playa he's 25.
10:00, I kinda realised at this point that he put the funnel trap just below the hypo solution. Otherwise the hypo solution would just get pulled into the receiving flask and kill the bromine.
Mercury Cleaning would be very interesting to learn about.
I actually got a bit of bromine poisoning on one of my fingers. It's gone now. I got it on a hot tub.
Isn't it fun to remove the thin layer of sulfur, that forms in every little corner? Nice video!
There's no link in the description about the MnO2 extraction from batteries. (The video itself is easy enough to find, just mentioning because you said you'd add it)
+ButHow Thanks! I knew i would forget. I am probably going to be too lazy to add it too
Again, great quality man.I would love to see the preparation of azeotropic nitric acid. After seeing what it did to your hand I can't wait to watch some cool reactions with it!
He already has a video on making fuming nitric, if you need less concentrated (Azeotropic is 68% I think, or 86, each number has a significance I forget), just add it to a stoichiometric amount of water. (Slowly and carefully, obviously)
+Ryan Cooper Oh. I thought azeotropic nitric acid was more concentrated than the fuming variant. Thanks for clearing that up.
I've actually seen the fuming nitric acid video and I loved how it passivated the copper before it was diluted.
It looks so pretty
Another source of MnO2 is so called "black oxide" used for colouring mortar and concrete. Be careful it is messy shit and gets everywhere, but yeah that's the least of your problems if you are extracting bromine :P
You should do a lab tour
Great video as always =)
The reaction at 8:05 seems to have a typo. It has sodium on the left and potassium on the right. I assume the sodium compound it makes is NaHSO4? Was assuming it was Na2SO4 before seeing the equation. (Amazing videos BTW!)
I have my MnO2 in the exact same Ikea jar! What a coincidence
This sexy 4k gave my computer an aneurysm .
I doubt your computer is 4k
FalconMC well it loads it barely and I think it is...
Lmao
If you can, can you do a video about bismuth?
+Rakin Kazi I plan to at some point
NileRed Where's the new video?
When you get a new pump, you should find a diaphram pump. It won't be nearly as affected by reactive gasses.
I would have thought an aspirator would probably be best for this kind of thing, not much for bromine to eat and even if the bromine does destroy it, it's only like $20 for a replacement
i bet its so spicy... mmm
What is that glassware you are using for the gravity filtration? Also, you mentioned that paper would be destroyed on contact with the bromine. What is that white substance that the bromine solution is being filtered through during the gravity filtration or is that a part of the glassware?
+Austin Anderson It is part of the glassware, and in fact it is made out of specially made porous glass.
***** Ah, so it is a fritted filter! Thanks for the clarification. Very cool piece of glassware.
+Austin Anderson its not a gravity, but a vacuum filtration. the glassware is a sinter filter, which is made of some sort of porous ceramic and therefore much more resistant against chemicals
Bromine fascinates me
MnO2 as an oxydizer is not only easier to obtain, it's also much cheaper than KMnO4 or H2O2.
196Stefan2 nooo, in my country H2O2 costs €3 per liter, and MnO2 costs €5 per Kg
Can you make a video , explaining how to separate tin and lead and how to purify the tin ?
Please
I'd love to see the cleaning of mercury video!
+James Weldrick thats what is next :)
+Nile Red I look forward to it :)
+Nile Red yes!
Where did you find carbon batteries in 2016? Here in Canada you can get potassium permanganate in kilogram jars at any water conditioning shop. Isn't that true all over north america and europe?
+brocktechnology Really? I didnt know it was so easy in Canada. also i got it from Dollarama
+Nile Red I find this very interesting. Most "fun" chemicals are unavailable in Canada. nitric acid and ammonium nitrate for example, you can't even get eBay instant cold packs shipped to Canada. I will be checking my local dollar store for carbon battery's, I have use for some carbon rods. I propose you check your local water shop for pot perm, it's the preferred regenerant for green sand filters, I'm sure they have it.
you should make a lab tour video'???!!
There is a mistake in the equation at 8:14. On the left side you have NaBr and on the right you have KHSO4 and any Na anymore.
Dumb question. 8:35 where does the potassium come from on the right side of the equation? It's not present on the left side.
Why didn't you have a basic trap for your pump? That's what I do. Just suck the vacuum through a solution of the sodium thiosulfate
Next Video how to make elemental sulphur from sodium thiosulphate and H2SO4 Nice video !!! Also do a Q&A
Im using my advantage of being so early to ask for a video about Natural product extraction
Nature gives us an amazing variety of chemicals and all we have to do is to purify them!
Also, im voting for Acetone from calcium acetate
+Philipp Kollenz plus I just like watching the soxhlet extractor in action
@14:30 Not great, not terrible 😁
3:35 That's probably the mno2, you cleaned the flask, but it went everywhere then you poured it in.
why dont you make a video on how to make trinitrotoluene heh:)
Gosh bromine smell is the most vile ever. You guys must have a really good ventilation system and nice neighbours.
What safety equipment do you use for this? Just a well ventilated area? Curious not so much because I ever plan on making bromine, but just because the risks associated with a fuming toxic chemical like this seems to be quite high.
Couldn't you use a condenser in conjunction with a liquid that will condense the bromine at low pressure in series with your vacuum pump & vacuum filter to prevent bromine vapors from reaching the pump?
nice superman t-shirt!
?
Potassium permanganate isn't hard to get in North America at all. You can buy it by the kilo for pretty damn cheap actually. Hell, it's not even that hard to find in Europe. Lmao!
How about you try to produce polymers using copper II acetate to form copper phenylacetylide and transform it, using oxidative dimerization, to form diphenylbutadiyne, so you can ultimately form a polyyne preform to eventually make some simple plastics.
Hey @nilered just pointing out there is no potassium in this reaction so not sure why u have it as a product.... I think u meant sodium bisulfate
Could bromochloro-5 5-dimethylhydantoin be used instead.....hypothetically?
One of the two ekements tge other one is mucury
But what use is Bromine to you? I mean, it's good to make it for a video, but you keep making more, so it must have some use to you beyond showing how you made it.
8:44 is this reaction equation wrong? Na on the left and K on the right?
God damn that’s beautiful
Can you show us how to make sulphur from thiosulphate and H2SO4 acid?
BeGamerSl just mix them VERY carefully and filter the solution. But this method isn't really cost efficient and you'll pay your sulphur ten times its value. If you can afford sulphuric acid you surely can find sulphur.
Would simply a second distillation be the cleanest option here rather than filtration?
Where's you lab coat? Bad chemist! Bad bad chemist! Haha jk great video keep them coming
can you please make a tutorial about the synthesis of Ammonium dichromate? :)
14:30 3.6 roentgen. not great, not terrible
I'm going to try this with real MnO2 AND A SOVIET MILITARY GAS MASK!!!
Where did you get the sodium thiosulphate? I was looking to source some last month for nickel plating. I couldn’t find it on its own and ended up using tarnex as a substitute, which worked to an extent, but also contains sulfamic acid which should actually not be in the ingredients.
Very good video :D but in 8.xx should be sodium bisulfate
Hey, gofundme is not working anymore, and there is no direct link to the video where you get MnO2. What the heck? :)
8:10 you've gotten the thingy wrong right? sodium bromide+manganese dioxide+sulfuric acid=potassium bi sulfide??? POTASSIUM??? sorry if i missed anything that makes my comment invalid...
bromine amalgam
NaBr + H2SO4 + H2O2 is the way
Ampules like in Benchley's "The Deep"? Can you show that process?
For the vacuum filtration, would it be possible to add a condenser between the filtration setup and the vacuum pump? If you set it up so the bromine condenses and drips back down into the filtrate before the vapour makes it into the pump, you could both save the loss of bromine and protect the pump
Rob Mckennie hahahaha no way dude, as you saw at the beginning of the video there has to be substantial bromine vapor for it to condense. At reduced pressure it would be way harder to make it condense so even a condenser with ice water would have a hard time condensing any of the little bromine coming through...
how did potassium ended in potassium bisulphate, or is it sodium bisulphate
Can i use PbO2 or Pb3O4 or KClO3 instead of MnO2?
Awesome.. But wouldn't hydrogen peroxide be more easily available than manganese dioxide ? Unless we're talking about concentrated hydrogen peroxide
mno2 is very easy to clean just use soap!
all other solvents I used did not do anything
You might want to clean up your stoichiometry...
You have Na on left and K on right.
54% not great , but not terrible ....... I think I have heard something similar earlier
I cant find anything online about lubricating glass joints with sulfuric acid, why did you choose to use it instead of the standard stem lubricant?
+wyldeman0O7 Bromine would react with most glass joint lubricants like silicon etc... sulfuric acid is pretty much non-reactive with bromine as well as slightly viscous - so it makes for a good lubricating agent in this instance.
Where did the cleaning merucry cleaning video go?
+Da Moose i got an alert on my phone that the video was posted yesterday afternoon and got off of work at 5pm PST and was too excited to wait till i got home so i listened to it while i drove home. then i had dinner and then went to watch it on my computer around 7 and it was already gone :(
bro he started from NaBr and then got KHSO4.......and he didn't use any potassium-containing chemical
Hi! I love your videos and I have a small request for you. Can you please show us how to extract hydrogen peroxide from washing powder. I also heard that you can extract boron silicate from washing powder. So if it is possible then can you show us? :)
+sten malva Ill look into it, but no promises!
you can use cheaper hcl
Hello NileRed I was wondering what would be the purity percentage of the Bromine in the end.