Why Nature Loves Hexagons
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- Опубликовано: 2 авг 2017
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From spirals to spots to fractals, nature is full of interesting patterns. Many of these patterns even resemble geometric shapes. One of the most common? Hexagons. Why do we see this six-sided shape occur so many times in nature? This week we explore why hexagons are so common in the natural world, from honeycomb to bubbles to rocks, and what their mathematics, physics, and biology may have in common.
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READ MORE:
D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson. (1917) “On Growth and Form”
Ball, Philip. (2009). “Shapes: nature's patterns: a tapestry in three parts.” OUP Oxford.
Karihaloo, B. L., Zhang, K., & Wang, J. (2013). Honeybee combs: how the circular cells transform into rounded hexagons. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 10(86), 20130299.
Hofmann, Martin, et al. "Why hexagonal basalt columns?." Physical review letters 115.15 (2015): 154301.
Aydin, Atilla, and James M. DeGraff. "Evolution of polygonal fracture patterns in lava flows." Science 239.4839 (1988): 471-476.
Hayashi, Takashi, and Richard W. Carthew. "Surface mechanics mediate pattern formation in the developing retina." Nature 431.7009 (2004): 647.
Kim, Sangwoo, et al. "Hexagonal Patterning of the Insect Compound Eye: Facet Area Variation, Defects, and Disorder." Biophysical journal 111.12 (2016): 2735-2746.
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Andrew Matthews
Writer: Joe Hanson
Producer/editor/animator: Andrew Matthews
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox
Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock www.shutterstock.com
Thanks to Kelsey for helping me with this video! For a deeper dive into the math, go watch our collab over on Infinite Series! 📐🤓📏 ruclips.net/video/X8jOxEGVyPo/видео.html
Go away Jake, this channel is for smart people ONLY.
ImThaBadMan - Carlisos im not jake Paul broooo
You've gotta prove it. What is England?
Happy to be a part of intellectual union!
Sir ,are great at your video presentation.hats off to you.
Please make some videos on #time machine
Hexagons are the Bestagons!
Hexagons ARE the bestagons
Heck yeah I’ve found the Order of the Hexagon
Hexagons are the Bestagons
Hexagons are the bestagons
Hexagons truly are the bestagons
Say it with me: Hexagons are the Bestagons
Yes, Hexagons really _are_ the bestagons.
Electrical be like...
UrHeadisgon
Take notes: Hexagons are the Bestagon
@Laquelectro Blasphemer! Heretic!
@Laquelectro u have no friends
Hexagons, are the bestagons.
I'm the 70th like.
0:58 Champagne hexagon bubbles for an hexagon region inside the Hexagon Country France lol
*Nature uses the least amount of energy to create the maximum amount of efficiency...* basically if it aint broke, don't fix it.
What?
@@antonio_ponce Basically nature forms around the hexagon shape since it naturally uses the least amount of energy which in turn also creates the maximum amount of efficiency in biology and in nature.
Since it hasn't had to change because it's always worked extremely well "If it ain't broke don't fix it."
On the contrary, it keeps breaking, what sticks persists
And that's why hexagons are the bestagons.
Energy follows the path of least resistance
Nature would have a weird personal ad. Loves: Hexagons Hates: Vacuums
MinuteEarth 1.6 million sub comment buried in comments lmao
MinuteEarth lol yes
MinuteEarth Glad to see you here.
Hi
Sounds like nature is lazy and leaving (cheeto)dust and/or (bread) crums on everything.
lesser energy
lesser strain
highest stability
highest efficiency
These 4 things can define all nature.
Except complex life forms, like us, formulating those theories.
Isn't it ironic ?
Following mathematics, we may just be the result of a wonderful dice roll.
sometimes lol
@@cocolasticot9027 I have to agree with you. Humans do random things, then again entropy is how all of life has evolved-- random mutations, where 99% were maladaptive to a changing environment, but less than 1% successfully adapted due to chance mutations.
It's kinda funny to think all of it just made by nature itself. I mean why all the nature choose or evolve to be the best of it's form? If we're all begin from nothing and universe, atom, and microorganism is just a lucky roll of dice it's just ridiculous. Doubtlessly it's God who made physics, maths, bios, and all of it.
@@antoniusguntoro2052 oh please enlighten us to your knowledge.
I say YOUR FIRST HAND EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE?
*cgp grey has joined the chat*
Hexagons... are the bestagons.
“Why?” You may ask.
Well.. bees. Bees are the best and make the bestagon: the hexagon.
Now I know what you might be thinking. “Bees produce hexagons because they’re hexapods with hexagon eyes. Why wouldn’t they do that otherwise?”
That’s a good point.
These people have been in the bestagon cult before anyone did
French created it lol 0:58 Champagne hexagon bubbles for an hexagon region inside the Hexagon Country France
I've been thinking this since Grey's video came out lol
So basically, Amazon should be investing in hexagonal packaging.
Yes
You should also consider that with a rectangular package, for example a frame, you would need to use more material to make a hexagon big enough to fit it rather than a simple box. I would appreciate paper shavings rather than plastic bubbles and a smaller version of envelope, my new phone charger doesn't need an envelope bigger than a piece of printer paper
Yeah, lol.
@@that_one_doggo8391 Big brain🤯
YES!
If Vsauce did same video
Video length: 24:00
Thumbnail : white/black background, yellow Hexagon
Title: what is Hexagon
Contents:
Pops up from under the table*
Hey, Vsauce, Michael here. We'll know Hexagons have 6 angles, right..... Background music starts*
.... Or does it?
To know that we need to get through infinity. What's infinity?
Infinity is...
FOUR MINUTES LATER
How do dogs communicate?
TWO MINUTES LATER
How big is Googol Plex?
TEN MINUTES LATER
We Humans are Alone in our brain
SCARY BACKGROUND MUSIC STARTS*
FOUR MINUTES LATER
Starts talking about some deep scary shits
THREE MINUTES AND FORTY SECONDS LATER
And as always thanks for watching
VIDEO ENDS*
You start questioning yourself "why do I exist, what's life... ?"
Your brain starts to glitch*
You won't see him until after 1 months...
Love his videos
Micheal could make an existential crisis inducing overcomplicated blackhole of eldritch truths about the universe just by pondering wehter he should by bread :D
Store clerk: "This loaf will be 1.50$"
Micheal: "or is it?"
*20 minutes later*
Store Clerk: "That loaf is not 1.50$... It's... me..."
FunTuto vsauce is my spirit animal
10/10 would tangent again
FunTuto best comment ever.
ThunderStar1998
Or is it?.....
Never forget the Saturn's hexagon.
The resonance standing wave of cyclones is present on its poles, invisible from earth. How the ancient Jewish astrologers and magicians knew about it? The Star of Solomon (hexagonal star) is The Star of Remphan (Saturn).
As CGP Grey said,
“If I were to start research on a hexagon cloud with Earth-sized sides on the most look-at-me planet that also changes colour? That’s where I’d start.”
Don't forget all the hexagon shaped craters made of tiny hexagon shaped craters on the rocky bodies. It is an electromagnetic phenomenon
My man. I went to click on this hoping someone would recognize Saturn's caps....thanks man for that...
I was looking for this comment 😁
Show of hands, who else is here from CGP Grey's "Hexagons are the Bestagons" video?
🖐️
✋
✋
✋🏻
🖐🏻
3:36 when you blink while someone is sketching you
Lol underrated comment
bruh
The sketch was made to make girls skip a heartbeat.
Truly underrated comment.
This was one of the most interesting videos that I've seen in a long time.
@JungkooksMakupArtist ur gay EWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW
@@chillcleetus5053 👀
@JungkooksMakupArtist as an exol i support this.. but kpop aside the topic is really interesting...
I love how in every video that mentions hexagons, CGP Grey ’s subscribers invade the comments section
You know, hexagons; are the bestagons.
no, pentagons are the bestagons
@@danzjz3923 HOW CAN YOU SAY THAT.
@@iamnotchip1280 true pentagonal tiling never repeats
@@danzjz3923 so do you say that hexagons are the bestagons?
I almost liked it but it was at 69
If math class teaches inclusive knowledges like this I’m sure students will want to learn math
Griffonksx Ex this is a science thing though, but still good point
@@keagster31 science and math go hand in hand.
White Shadow you do math in science, you don’t do (or at least none that I can think of) science in math.
@@keagster31 hmm.
@@keagster31 not my problem lmao
Nature is so efficient.
If you think about it, nature CAN'T be otherwise! (EDIT - Er, well, _eventually._ )
Yes, evolution normally takes care of that ;)
Nature wants to waste the least energy.
PkmnRay
Nature wants to waste the most energy to become stable
oolon colluphid it's all due to entropy. Everything in nature takes the path of least resistance because it's not sentient and it can't decide to take a harder lather and the path of least resistant all ways happens first due to entropy as well that's why
I have a great example to add, on the molecular level! I’ve studied organic chemistry and I’ve come to know that hydrocarbons that have a hexagonal shape (cyclohexanes) are more stable than any other polygon, whether that polygon is a triangle (less sides), or a decagon (more sides)
i think cgp grey would love this for as he said: "hexagons are the bestagons"
The part about “bees making round wax cells which soften into hexagonal shapes”.....blew my f-ing mind. Goddamn! That’s nuts.
This is why I agree that we never invented math, but rather discovered it. Math is beautiful
Math helps us understand our environment, like how a language is used to share thoughts, but I wouldn't say it IS a real element of nature. A type of foundation was needed, one easy to understand as a universal language, culture to culture. I think we made math into a beautiful world of its own, through our continuous use to structure life in general. But regardless of beliefs, I think very highly of the art in math. 🙂
@@Satan666Official and that's why physics is better
We invented math to explain nature in writing.
That’s why functions are also called mathematical expressions.
If we were not around, the world will still ‘function’ under the same rules of nature.
We did not discover the number 5. We came up with it to represent a quantity of 5
We came up with 5xn so we don’t write 5+5.... n times
And 5^n so we don’t write 5x5 n times.
ThatMCGamer nah, we invented math
Actually... we translated it.
Insect eyes? YOUR EYES TOO. There are hexagonal cells on your retina
Didn't know that you smart
Hexagons are truly the BESTAGONS!!!
Not to forget Saturns hexagonal storm!
I really wanted to get this into the video! But the explanations for it aren't totally clear yet (though we're getting closer)
"Closer" is both relative and vague...
my guess: something like the jet stream but with opposing forces, maybe a temperature cline or even including chemical properties of suspended particles (some kind of ice). I like the idea of the equal forces, if we can figure out one, it'll help define the other.
Or the wind patterns in the Bermuda Triangle. When I heard about those I immediately considered a connection between those and the storm on Saturn. I've always liked hexagons, personally, just because of the way they tessellate.
Wouldn't the most likely solution just be that the storm is so large its creating it's own separate climate inside and the edges are acting like walls to the storm? This would partly explain why they might go into a hexagonal shape.
So what's the deal with the gigantic hexagon formed at Saturn's poles? How is the wind blowing at such sharp angles?
Saturn's hexagon(which is only at the north pole) is caused by standing wave interference and vorticity. It is unrelated to this. For example, Jupiter's north pole has an octogon of 8 storms, and it's south pole a pentagon of 5 storms. Jupiter's polar vortices are constructed differently than Saturn's northern vortex, but the principles are similar.
what was a rollercoaster of Google searches because of one comment
I was gonna ask the same. Plus it's the 6th planet and Saturday is the 6th day which makes 666.
@@fennten8338 there is one YT video where they actually reproduced the hexagonal shape by keeping same hydrodynamic parameters, only scaled down
Filed magnetism.
As Cgpgrey said, hexagons are the bestagons
Feels like utter plagiarism, dunn it’?
I liked the part when they talked about hexagons
I like the fact that a 2 year old video is popping up in people's recommended
Zane Kreger didn’t know it was that old
Zane Kreger I like that me fact that i’m not alone
Zane Kreger ha ha yep
Fudge Cakes I see I have a minion.....
He he.....
You know the drill
0. It's okay to be smart
1. Real life lore
2. Life noggin
3. Vsauce
4. Thoughty2
5. Second thought
6. kurzgesagt
7. LEMMiNO
You left out Sci Schow with Hank Green.
Lefeblock158 _Gamer uh what?
You only watch kurzgesagt if you want to be depressed for a while
Aka my school periods
_Kurzgesagt_ should be number one instead! And replace _Life Noggin_ with _Its Aumsum Time_
And do add _Ted ed_ and I've never heard about _Vsauce_
"It's Fizzix!" needs to be on a shirt 😁
I 100% agree!
In conclusion, the hexagon has the smallest perimeter out of the only three 2D shapes that can place next to each of their own kind without any empty space in between each unit.
Or, Hexagons are the Bestagons
Silly universe, you are so big and you are minimizing space...
Marko Šurbatović - Šuki Efficiency gives infinite rewards
You made my day! Thank you.
you are so right nature is so dump can't do nothing
Marko Šurbatović - Šuki Maybe the expanding universe is just the edge of a universe size bubble trying to stick together and form a giant multiverse hexagon🤔
Marko Šurbatović - Šuki universe in a bubble
Wow! It’s amazing how RUclips has taught me more than 12 years of school.
4:45 I think while cells on the surface of an insect's eye grow, a similar process like in the soap bubbles gets involved. Every cell wants to grow big, hence hexagons.
It's just amazing how hexagonal areas are useful for covering telephone coverage areas. I never got it until today.. wonderful!
"...the plains of Catan form from slowly cooling lava."
Bernat BB made me do a double take when I heard that.
I
So good
What if televisions used hexagonal pixels instead of squares.
bc hex pixels are hard to develop
Brent Bunn you just get more pixels in a smaller space, but it's less efficient due to how irregular the hexagons which would require more expensive hardware and developing it would be even harder, basically the trip is not worth it for the destination
Much easier to program squares on an x-y plane and not get complicated
Then they would be called hexels
It would be quite nice with high resolutions, as you'd get some natural anti-aliasing
Hexagons are the bestagons 😌
The applications of geometry to biology, physics and chemsitry are fascinating. But, those transitions are pretty excellent as well.
Yet again... Another fantastic video... Good going Joe...
I'm going to do the bubbles experiment to see the results for myself...
Awesome! Protip: add a tiny bit of glycerin to the soap mixture and the bubbles will last longer
It's Okay To Be Smart You are awesome.
Does that mean that the storm upon Saturn is the most efficient storm in our galaxy? ;O)-
William R. King no wonder its been going so long
Oh damn, you're right!
Deploy "observation"!
Hexagons are the bestagons
Lovely content! Thank you so much. Also, props to the animators and editors!
Well animated and to the point.
Great video!
- why nature loves hexagons?
- bubbles
*plays vsauce music*
One of the best narrated curiosity- satisfying channels ! love the videos 🙌🏻
It always comes down to the path of least resistance.
Thank you from Australia
It’s also the most high tech pattern and makes everything looks 100x more advanced by default.
i got like 10billion toy channels reccomended to me
ramen noodle me too lol
I got a bunch of children's videos for some reason?
same, blocked them all
Very weird that so many people are getting these. Is it because I mentioned bubbles?! Come on, RUclips
Here I thought I was the only person RUclips suddenly thought was a 6 year old.
OK, taking a second look, 6 is way too old.
Why din I find this channel during my school days!! This channel is awsome.. keep growing and thanks for sharing!!
5:45
"some people say Nature follows the rules of Mathematics"
Me in Online Distance Learning: *Reality can be whatever I want*
I see the workmanship of a Creator the more and more I study nature and science. Rules and patterns that show intelligent design. Be blessed.
Subhan ALLAH
@Please Complete All Fields
Perhaps, I see what you are saying. But how does nature know to use those patterns? If a flower follows a certain pattern or rule how does it tell the tree to follow the same pattern or rule?
@Please Complete All Fields
Okay, I'll follow along with that but where did those constraints come from? Were they always there or just evolved to exist?
@Please Complete All Fields
I agree with you that the laws are ever present. We can observe and analyze and then make assumptions as to why things work as we see them to work. But that does not mean we have discovered the rule why it works like that.
For instance, scientists just recently were able to capture a picture of quantum entanglement. This is revolutionary because it gives more evidence for the proposed theories of quantum mechanics. That doesn't mean we have found some rule for it, but simply that we have observed something happening. Or take for instance the micro evolutionary process of the human immune system. We know it evolves and adapts but we can't pinpoint to the exact process or mechanices behind that. Or gravity for example. We say these are the observations and this is what happens but scientists still haven't 100% proved what exactly is going on. You would think finding those rules would be easy since these things are always right in front of us and even the simplest person can observe it.
Now taking the carburetor example you have given. Say that broken carburetor was somehow transported like 1000 years into the past. The people would observe it and try to make assumptions as to why or how it works or can work but only the person who invented it can truely say what is going on inside the carburetor.
All I am trying to say is that we as humans make observations but even then those can be misleading and not concrete because our view of the things going on isn't always complete. These examples show that many times there is more going on then we can see and I am proposing that these examples show that Somebody is behind all of it. Just like an engineer is the one who created the carburetor, so God created the systems and processes which we see. To say these processes and systems just happen to have appeared takes even more faith then how much faith it takes to say God is behind it all. I don't come up to somebody driving a car and say hey that thing created itself. That's absurd. The creation around us points to a Creator.
Romans 1:20
Be blessed brother.
@Please Complete All Fields That's it in a nutshell... thanks, so I don't have to put in all those letters!
😅😅😅😈😈😈😋😋😋
Wow, even though I already knew some of this from the cgp grey video, I'm glad that I watched this one too because it helped me to understand even more. I really liked the example of the rocks (Giants Causeway)
Have you looked into sacred geometry, Fibonacci etc. fascinating stuff.
This content is always good...But this was really fascinating and answers a lot of world questions I've had. Awesome.
Amazing video! Nature loves being efficient, it uses struture as one of the means to achieve it.
To be fair mathematics is derived by observing nature, its kinda odd to ask is nature a mathematician.
Short answer: *ITS THE LAW*
Thats what puzzles me. Why is it the LAW! She used language like: nature "SEEKS" the most efficient shape. But nature isn't sentient so nature doesn't seek anything. Please explain without such language.
It was designed, created.....
@@A101stNCO designed? Created? You mean like God?
Man! Credit to the edit, they did a good jobs. I keep watching this masterpiece for hours.
This video activates the hexagon receptors in my brain to a very exiting degree
Your "Settlers of Catan" reference was not lost on me... :)
At 3:15
Me: “OH MY GOD this is so fascinating”
At 3:36
Me: “Hey there Mr Joseph”
Me realising this is exactly what my teacher was trying to explain in chemistry!!!! (Packing efficiency of Crystalline solids)
i love that you mentioned Catan.
The people who say nature seeks out the lowest energy are right XD.
Mathematics are us explaining what we see in nature, so you could say that nature was the first mathematician
Very cool, I think this makes me a nerd.
Simple rules, elegant solutions.
Sounds like go to me.
This was a really cool video. It was interesting and I learned a lot. Thank you for sharing.
LSD told me this years ago! 😅 what a beautiful world..
Graham Haw Remain Calm 🚨 Police are on the way
🚓🚓🚓🚓🚓🚔🏢🏢
WOAAAH MAN EVERYTHING'S HEXAGONS
FAR OUT MAAAAN
No it didn't you demon
OH MY GOD same! Came looking through the comments to see if anyone had the same experience. Every time it's hexagons in nature, beautiful symmetry
Great video! Can you please explain the Hexagon vortex storm on Saturn's pole atmosphere? I'm really fascinated by it. Thanks!
Glad I'm getting these in suggestions:)
Chocolate milk.... When i blew into my straw as a child i remember the bubbles looking hexagon-y, I've always wondered why! This is cool!
Me: oh cool looks interesting lets watch
My trypophobic ass 10s into video: 😰
Same time omg
I love Angelique
Definitely not
@I love Angelique on 1 in 800 million i think you misread somrthing because its wayyyyy more common than what you think
Probably a 1/80 or 1/800
@@sailor5853i guess its just weird to look at
Let’s all say it
“Hexagons are the Bestagons.”
Thanks I love this I am teaching patterns in nature to preschooler starting with honey bees. Have you seen the spiral shaped hives of Australian Sugar Bag Bees?
Love it . Thank you . Topics well chosen
"Nature follows the rules of mathematics"
Nope.. mathematics follows the rules of nature
Surya Kiran Yes, and nature can change the rules just to laugh as mathematicians scramble to keep up.
Mathemeticians: *Comes up with axioms that are obviously true in our reality, develops math specifically to explain patterns in nature and be useful*
Mathemeticians: "Oh my god, math predicts nature so well and is so useful, it's obviously fundamental to the universe."
Your right since math didnt exist thousands of years ago
I'd say it's fundamental to at least understanding the universe.
"nature can change the rules just to laugh" ... When has this EVER happened? when has the laws of physics not just been weird, but was one way one day, then just, BOOP! different? idiot.
Super Hexagon - begin!
Line!
that shit's easiest level is "Hard"
game over
Pentagon!
I was waiting for someone to say this
Amazing nature.
I love the fact that there are no ads in these videos
Hexagons are and will be the Bestagons
Energy tend to be at their lowest state . So high stability= less energy use . Hence the hexagon ..
It's like Earth if it was flat, it doesn't matter what shape it is, it will change until it becomes stable
Finally a question that has lingered in my mind has been answered. Surface tension has been the culprit behind honeycombs shapes!!!
Idk why, but it's like one of the greatest things in the world, yet brought in such a cool way :D
How could you fail to mention the hexagon on Saturn?! Another fascinating detail of nature.
Kubra k
2 minutes ago (edited)
ruclips.net/video/JLTxyfYIF-4/видео.html
This pattern is described very well described in the verses of Holy Quran 1400 years ago, The book was revealed from the creator of this world and the universe who is none other than ALLAH. ALLAH also mentions that " SURELY IN THIS IS A SIGN FOR THE PEOPLE WHO REFLECT" 16:69
Indeed 'ALLAH IS THE BEST OF ALL PLANNERS"
Allahu Akbar!!
It's because it's talking about physics here on Earth, and how nature naturally creates hexagons to stabalize things, Saturn's hexagon is just an amazing coincidence
@@kubrak837 Known by the Jewish magicians and astrologers 3000 years ago. The Star of Remphan.
The physics thing is why water in earth doesn't leave earth.
*UNDERSTAND KEVIN? LEAVE FLAT EARTH NOW*
What did Kevin do to u?
@@malanao bendy oceans are ridiculous!! Earth is flat.
@@malanao No, water is in a equilibrium between solid and liquid!
Water ON earth
It not in the earth.
@@malanao not you but hey. The only one pulling you is you.
Another way to put it is that the densest packing of circles is each one surrounded by 6 others and that naturally makes a hex grid
very informative video. thanks
So one might say that hexagon are the bestagons.
“...our favorite mathematician, Kelsey...”
Umm excuse you, it’s the brilliant lady from all the Mandelbrot videos Numberphile has put out.
Fantastic. Do one on snow and ice nucleus.
A video about hexagons is giving me a add of hexagon lights
Hexagons are just circles with the spaces between them filled in
That's just an unrecognizable shape with infinite size
@@arthurthekyogre9155 Nah a hexagon only has 6
@@cgoose500 if there was an infinite group of circles grouped together, if you filled the spcae between them it would just look like a red screen, that can be divided in any way that's equal, your explanation on what hexagons are is completely bland
You take some circles
You put the circles together
You expand the circles equally until there's no empty space left between them
They have become hexagons
Why did you bring the concept of infinity and the color red into this? We're talking about bees here
We're as in "we were" because you replied to a year old comment.
Get a loada this dood
iamverysmart amiright fellas
@@cgoose500 ...yeah you're right i'm a dumb*ss
My brain shuts down every time the infinite series lady appears on the screen. She is too gorgeous.
I was looking for comments like this xD
me toooo..@@Calliopa_22
So what
Amazing explanation
I do like to imagine Bee Mathematicians calculating the perfect architecture for their combs
Another hexagonal mystery is Saturn's Hexagon.
More space filled, less material used. Thnx
I always wondered this, i just did not know the words for the question
OChemists: aaaaaaaaaaaaa someone joined my cult of hexagons