What is Pragmatism? | Philosophy of Education | in Urdu /Hindi | B.Ed M.Ed 8609 | Click Education

Pragmatism is a modern school of philosophy and plays an important role in educational system. Pragmatism is essentially a humanistic philosophy which stress that human creates his own values and course of activity.
According to William James ”Pragmatism is a temper of mind, an attitude, it is also a theory of the nature of ideas and truths; and finally it is theory about reality”
The term ‘Pragmatism’ is derived from Greek word ‘Pragma’ meaning activity or work done. Another group of thinkers, however, believes that ‘Pragmatism’ is derived from ‘Pragmatikos’ meaning practicability or experimentation.
Pragmatism believes in change. Therefore pragmatism induces to do useful and practical work. Education on the basis on this philosophy makes the child worthy and independent citizen of the society. According to this philosophy, education contains those important and practical and useful activities which make man self-dependent and useful member of the society.
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Principles of Pragmatism:
According to pragmatists change is the nature of truth.
Truth is formed by its results.
Problems acts as motivator of truths.
Pragmatism emphasizes on the principle of utility.
It opposes to fix ideals or values as stated by Idealists.
Pragmatism recognizes the importance of man power and emphasizes on development of social and democratic values.
It gives importance to activity based learning.
Faith in pluralism and opposes to social customs and traditions.
Faith in flexibility and advocates for human development according environment.
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Aim of Education in Pragmatism:
Education should aim at continuous reconstruction and reorganization of experiences.
Development of activity and experience based learning.
To develop social efficiency.
Harmonious development of individual.
Education perceive through activity and experience.
Creation of new values and continuous growth.
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Method of Teaching:
The principal philosophy of pragmatic method of teaching is practical utility. The child is the central figure in this method. The essence of pragmatic method is learning especially through personal experience of the child. To a pragmatic education means preparation for practical life. The pragmatism has given more emphasis on following method of teaching.
Project method which asks students to do some research and prepare a project.
Learning by doing method.
Correlation method
Play way method
Use of dynamic method of teaching.
Experimentation.
Activity.
It also encourages discussion as a method of laboratory work. Personal reference in the library. Educational tours and excursions.
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Merits of Pragmatism:
Pragmatism introduced project method which indulges child in various creative activities and also cater to his natural progress and development.
It is basically a child centered teaching approach.
It emphasizes upon such type of activities which can be performed by learning by doing method.
Similarly, it emphasizes the practical life of child. So, pragmatic education prepares the child for future life in a very effective manner.
It develops in the child the love for democratic values as well as social efficiency which bring harmonious adjustment and development of personality.
Moreover, pragmatism has revolutionized the process of education to very great extent.
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