Capacitors, Resistors, and Electronic Components
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- Опубликовано: 7 авг 2024
- What do all those capacitors, resistors, chokes, and transistors on your motherboard actually do?
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Наука
I used to imagine that it was a little city when I was a kid
You should be the spiderman
My kids used to say that too
"used to"
Same!
Same
NEVER open a power supply unit if you don't have a very good reason to. A power supply can hold enough charge to kill a person even while unplugged. Also, repairing a power supply unit isn't a valid reason - they don't cost much but the risk of shock can cost you more than you'd ever have enough to cover.
Yes thank you and it's even more dangerous that he said Unplug it first... I unplugged.. what could go wrong lemme touch everything!
There's a case for taking the video down for the lack of warning about this.
Wizardmom please upvote this comment so Luke can see it.
manuelthegreatman I'm fairly sure that Luke and Linus mentioned a case where a kid died opening a psu on the WAN show in the past. Linus was the one that said there is no reason to open a PSU even to repair it, stating that they are cheap enough to bypass the risk of injury from repair accidents by just replacing them.
That's why you discharge the capacitors...
Techquickie-the one product of Linus media group that doesn't have garbage thumbnails
Techquickie is what LinusTechTips should've been
Squilliam_Fancyson _ or tons of paid promotions and commercials.
CSF's thumbnails haven't been ruined yet. LTT needs to go back to the normal thumbnails.
Until they stop getting more traffic, they won't change back. They're doing their job.
Idk the Nintendo switch thumbnail was pretty good.
0:57 That diss to AMD was great.
Lucas Talbert Ikr perfect
HARDCORE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
no no no. You see, he clearly meant NoVideo Grill TX 480
it surely was a "blow".
HAHAHA ur funny. a joke right?
Alright, time for the electrical engineering dude to critique this video.
...
Eh, resistors are more for signals most of the time, and not power. Chokes can also be called inductors (in some cases). Also, there are some capacitors that look similar to resistors (look under the cpu socket and you'll see them). Not sure how important diodes would be in this video's context, but they're also a thing.
All in all, a very good video! I think it would give most lamens a decent functional understanding of most electrical components.
Never heard of those, somehow.
*Googles what they are
Oh, they're like Metal Oxide Varistors, kinda.
Never heard of those, somehow.
*Googles what they are
Oh, they're like Metal Oxide Varistors, kinda.
As a spelling and grammar Nazi, the word is "layman."
LazerLord10 lamens? Lol
Mr Electrical Engineering, just wanted to point out that a diode is actually a semiconductor. But yeah, 2 layers semiconductors are important. LED is an example. And nowadays manufacturers try to use LED for everything.
Also, there are many 3 layer semiconductors that are important, not only MOSFET. IGBT and BJT, for example.
And finally, 4 layer semiconductors. Which won't mention because I'm lazy.
BTW, being strict, the title of the video is wrong. It's talking about chokes, or as you pointed, inductors, which is an electrical component, not electronic, as the title might suggest.
Oh, and you are right. SMD components can be resistors, diodes, LED, capacitors, inductors, antennas... It's reaching a point where sometimes you can't tell what is what if not labeled/documented properly.
Even with a Power Supply unplugged it can still hold a very significant charge.
not computer power supplies
Discharge the capacitors if you're so scared
That was a collar, not a choke. Get your sex toys straight
I like my sex toys gay.
Fidelis That's gay
William Cricket no shit
sorry dude didn't mean to hurt you
+True trash
yes shit
Honestly last night dreamed about a 1080ti
Is it because you want one or you have one and its so great that you can't stop thinking about it?
Zchannel0923 have one oc, Lord Gaben had the hookup the ti is better in every way, its got vr ready rgb vram
I had a dream where 1080s were selling for 4$ and I was so confused when I woke up
Last night I dreamed of AMD Radeon 6320 Graphics
Milo Xander two days ago I dreamed I was benchmarking a core 2 quad, no joke
maybe it's because that's what i have on my shit pc
I've learned so much about computers these past few years from you guys! You guys rock!
0:09
Is that an anime body pillow Linus is sleeping on? 😂😂😂
I think thats Yoko Littner
top 10 most under rated comments
Thank you so much for this video! Hoping to see more like these in techquickie. I love ones that cover basic components, because I can direct physics students and curious friends towards these videos.
You guys helped me build my first PC and every time I check this channel I learn more. Thank you!
Thanks, Luke. I've wondered what those things on the motherboard were. I appreciate the Tech Quickie series.
Well...Luke just got banned on r/AyyMD.
Fry98 really?
You and anthony have to be the best people on the linus team. You speak clearly, your not awkward, you explain everything in a good way many can understand, and its generally enjoyable just watchn ya talk lol
As a Mechanical/Electrical Engineer it made me happy to watch this :) It is really dumbed down but the analogizes work well nice job Techquickie
im surprised you didnt make a "may i have some oats, brother?" joke when the thingymabob was speaking with the cpu
"may i have some volts, brother?"
For those wondering, the capacitors have 2 plates inside them made out of conductive material, which are not connected and have an insulative fluid in between. All of this surrounded by a foil.
I was wondering, thank you. Very sophisticated stuff in comparison to the type of foolish population we have. I think that combination is largely the cause of many of the energetic problems we see in day to day life in society. I think people's misuse of technology, mostly due to misunderstanding, has caused a big problem.
Are you really suggesting we should open up our power supplies? Come on, this is dangerous on so many levels.
DeSlashez Now most of them discharge, but some switching power supplies (like one in my sound system unit) don't do that. So, I've shorted all capacitors that are big. Then it's safe to work on the board. Remember to DISCHARGE FIRST
@@chargedsupercap2270 Exactly. Make sure to always discharge any capacitors, as they can discharge a lot of stored up energy in a very quick time.
Harris How do you discharge the capacitors?
be smart try not to do it when plugged in you'll be fine
@@shade0636 short the mains capacitor(s) carefully with an insulated screwdriver
You forgot Diodes and inductors
Mrinal Thakur aren't chokes inductors?
chokes are inductors for blocking high frequency ac
Edwin Antonio Chiñas Chiñas not always
Don't leave out oscillators.
Dylan Headrick yes
1:22 "And release it in a controlled fashion" unless there are other components controlling the release, a capacitor will release as much as it possibly can in one instant.
Please describe the functional operation of a capacitor.
I suppose that the diodes in the power supply makes a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER
Lol
Thank you. Took about a week to finx a good video that explained it nice and simple, the way I needed it to be done.
There were a couple of statements in the beginning that were a bit of a stretch, but overall very good. I am very impressed in the quality of these videos recently. Very good, accurate technical information.
Did anyone else almost close the page once he said "and speaking of power delivery," thinking it was an ad??
GenericTulip HAHAHA I was looking for this comment
Oui.
no
Ive always felt like Capacitors looks more like batteries than water towers.
Considering this is the type of water tower im used to seeing
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/S%C3%B8ndermarkens_Vandt%C3%A5rn_007.jpg
supervegito2277 thats cuz they are almost the same thing as explained in the video
Alloe me to rephrase that, they look more like batteries than water towers, ive never seen them as water towers.
supervegito2277 the do look like tiny D or C batteries
Their purpose is to quickly charge and discharge voltage.
Basically just like a battery except MUCH more quickly and repeatedly.
I know that now (and pretty sure i also learned that once, made my own alarm clock).. it was the comparison i didnt agree with..
Sorry if that wasnt clear...
Have I ever told you how much I love this channel!!!👌👍
Luke's dry humor delivery is always on point
Scrapyard Wars 2017. Make it happen.
;)
There are many components to studying electronics. One place I found which successfully combines these is the Gregs Electro Blog (google it if you're interested) without a doubt the most helpful info that I have ever heard of. look at this interesting website.
I have spent months studying electronics and found a fantastic website at Gregs Electro Blog (google it if you are interested)
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I've been studying electronics and found a fantastic website at Gregs Electro Blog (google it if you are interested)
God, no! That is not what a MOSFET does! Sure, there will be MOSFETs inside a regulator, but whta you described was a voltage regulator.
Sure, but two MOSFETs and a choke makes a pretty good buck converter.
A very good video. Thanks for explaining things for me.
Thanks well explained!! Deserved for my subscription
What is a power phase design? I always hear people saying that "5+10" power phase design on this gpu is makes it better than this one, but what actually is a power phase design and what does it do?
1 phase means there's just one choke handling all the power going to the chip. More phases means more chokes working together in series I believe. They each step down the 12V a bit instead of one having to dissipate say 10.8V worth of power. 5+12 means 5 phases for the memory and 12 for the gpu. More phases can also handle more power and will provide a more stable voltage supply, both making OC'ing potentially easier.
bensemus x You are wrong, so wrong. A phase is about a subassembly of components ( mosfets, capacitors, an inductor and a few more jellybean parts). And they are in parallel stepping down the voltage and delivering it to the CPU and memory. If you have more power phases you can divide the load more evenly across the circuit which makes the power more cleaner. Also if you have more power phases you can deliver more power.
More phases doesn't make the power cleaner. For that each phase needs to be clean. More power is the main advantage.
For a true multi-phase they need to use doublers, otherwise they're not taking the load off the driver IC.
So count the driver ICs, not the chokes.
Actually, more phases make cleaner power. Taken from app note 77 from LT: "Because of the 180 degree phase difference between the two converters, the two inductor ripple currents in the two-phase converter tend to cancel each other, resulting in a smaller ripple current flowing into the output capacitor".
You're still running a single pwm. Just a single double will be no less clean than a quadruple (so more isn't better) and there are less expensive ways to make it cleaner.
1.2 volts for me plz
As someone like me who is currently studying a IT course (more specifically 2 Cisco industry certificates including IT essentials and cabling and networking) these simple descriptions like capacitors as water towers will help me remember things like this
watersidegnome7 That's not what they do. For starters, most capacitors don't look like that. Anyway, capacitors aren't always used for voltage smoothing. They can be used to limit high frequency and create oscillations.
A quick video about what you guys class as enthusiast grade pc etc and what the others are. I'm pretty sure I get it but some clarity and another vid can't hurt. Thanks
The capacitors in a PSU can hold charge for a long time after it has been unplugged.
So dont fuck with them if you do not know anything about electronics.
But Linus Media Group should really leave the electronic component talk to people that know what they are, what they do and the dangers of fucking with them.
Yes, you can light up your life messing with unplugged large capacitors. The warning in the video to unplug the PSU before going inside is woefully inadequate.
MOSFETs do not communicate with the CPU, they are simple switches. They are connected to a controller, which IS communicating with the CPU, and that controller tells them how fast to turn on and off, something called PWM.
I wouldn't mind learning circuits from you guys. Using real life examples we can relate to helps!
Hey TQ. Could you do a video explaining what all things are replacable on a motherboard PCB? Is it even possible to get same performance if you have to get a couple of components changed?
Last time i was rhis early, ces had prototype laptops
stop
Iván Rodríguez keep hoinh
it looks like you're typing on a prototype keyboard
hehe
Why I watch this, I know more about pure electronics more than whole LTT, techquickie and NCIX xD
*Not mentioned SMD capacitors:*
*Ceramic:*
2.imimg.com/data2/JF/EC/MY-899663/smd-capacitor-250x250.jpg
*Tantalum:*
www.iequalscdvdt.com/images/China_SMD_Tantalum_Capacitors.jpg
p.globalsources.com/IMAGES/PDT/BIG/642/B1041280642.jpg
*SMD diode rectifiers:*
3.imimg.com/data3/GN/EW/MY-621972/rectifier-diode-250x250.jpg
Also big power diodes looks like transistors.
*Zener diodes:*
www.futurlec.com/Pictures/Package/SOD-80_200.jpg
I am a high school student and i know how computer electronics are and work
You are from LTT, techquickier or NCIX?
And electonics level at high schools is joke...
The very basic.
Your english sucks so I guess not, fucking lier.
This was actually really useful, I didn't know what resistors were in class and always use them with the included RaspberryPi's for whatever we were making on our breadboards. Thanks alot John! (if it was him who wrote the script)
Flamearky if you didnt know what all of these components are at all i would suggest you to watch the electronic basics series of the youtuber GreatScott! He explains them in more detail, than luke could ever do. I also think that there is always a big left out bit in these techquickie videos, when they explain console history for example
Thanks for the recommendation, will check him out!
i like the editing, idk if theres someone new in charge because you talked about new additions to LMG but either way, looking good
That talk between the mosfet and cpu got me a good chuckle. lmao
1:44 Reminder not to fuck with power supply components unless they've been unplugged for at the very least a couple hours. The aforementioned "much larger capacitors" could still hold some energy and DISCHARGE ON YOUR ASS. Best case scenario is a lot of pain.
DEJA VU.... Hard core. Wasn't this already uploaded? That last part felt word for word from another video. I swear I'm going nuts
lol you mean squarespace?😂
Wish you had posted this video about a month ago, would have helped me with my electronics exam
I'm cringing so hard. MOSFETs are like switches, and are used in buck converter circuits to step down voltage (by switching on and off in patterns, then being smoothed by caps and chokes). They do not step down voltage on their own, however.
I've been trying to find out what those square thing are called on the motherboard - chokes - now I know - thanks
OMG he said HTTP2 for FAST support.........oh man brings me back. Also i totally love the little hair fix at the end he looked so awkward in the middle of it like he realized he'll get yelled at for covering his face during the shot. Good info tho 11/10 i wish you guys did a lot more of this stuff! (maybe i'm just dumb and hadn't come across any till now)
1:37 He had me at SKILKY SMOOTH!
Capacitors look cute there all bubbly and shiney
Mr Eighty Most capacitors don't look like that
Not very cute when u realize that they're the #1 killer of electrical engineers and people in general because they store energy EVEN when you unplug your device.
I will take off my clothes and run around the neighborhood naked if Linus replies to my comment.
Linus doesn't want one of his viewers getting arrested.
Nice way of explaining. Ty
Hi, I like the video that you made. Where it tells how electronic components work. But I would like to know what electronic component is often damaged?
I think you guys have dumbed this down far far too much. Most of the capacitors and resistors on a motherboard aren't to do with power delivery. Some of them are, but no way near all of them. Give us guys proper information. I design boards for aircraft radar systems and I'd love people to know what the circuits actually do, but you guys here are making it sound like its all just simple voltage smoothing. let people know that electronics is far more complex than a voltage on the leg of a logic gate.
I really liked techquickie, but this video has actually really annoyed me lol
you know how sometimes when you feel like you're suffering, but then you see someone suffering worse, and it makes you suffer much less. Thank you.
yeah and they didn't mentioned that signals are extremely complex specially modulated ones
I wish they could make techLongies or something to be more in depth about stuff so I could learn more about this but what can ya do. This was an okay beginning for me, and hopefully I'll find more indepth stuff later
For large power systems that need AC, passives such as capacitors and inductors, are important for various reasons. However, while in AC, we can characterize:
R -> R
C -> 1/Cs
L -> Ls
In DC, they look like:
R -> R
C -> inf R
L -> 0 R
In DC circuits, they're usually used for power:
Capacitors smooth voltages and prevent large voltage spikes when turning off the power.
Inductors prevent large current spikes when turning on the power.
Resistors can be used to resist current or for pull-up/pull-down for longer wire distances.
It's because of this reason that there aren't as many inductors on the motherboard.
Why'd you mention surface mount resistors but not capacitors?
Probably because pth capacitors are more or less, obviously different visually from smt capacitors.
Not sure what you're trying to say...
If you're claiming the surface mounted caps look more different compared to the through-hole caps relative to resistors, that's not the case at all with electrolytic capacitors. See the silver cans at 1:13? They're pretty much identical to the through-hole versions at 2:40.
If you're saying they look less different/more similar than through-hole caps, relative to resistors, look at the brown disks (and likely the covered yellow disks) at 1:56 compared to the surface mount ceramic ones basically everywhere else in the video. The reddish-brown blocks at 1:13 and the flat brown ones and the black ones that don't have numbers on them at 2:40 are the surface mount equivalents to those disks. How are they more similar than resistors?
Hank there are slot of smt capacitors that look similar to resistors, most motherboards have identifiers next to the placement of smt parts. capacitor placements usually start with a c### for the placement of the specific capacitor for a p&p operator to program.
And resistors are denoted by R###. What's your point? I was asking why they mad the distinction between a couple resistors, but didn't bother mentioning anything other than electrolytic cans...
Hank maybe they didn't want to go in-depth, I'm sure they made this more as a crash course.
I wasn't expecting to see a techquickie video on edx.
Cool video, thanks for sharing with us, well done :)
Yeah! Them Radeons! Thank god i dont have one. I have a gtx480 instead!
There's not time to explain, JUST RUN!
Its too late..... What used to be my house, is now ashes....
well, yeah my Adsl gone. but hey, Starbucks
thanks mate. Cheers
You can cook a full english on that!
Erm... Maybes re-upload this one, omitting the part about opening up your PSU to have a look around. No one should be opening up their PSU's, even if they're unplugged they still store enough energy to send you on a one way trip to farewellsville.
Ignyte all high voltage caps have discharge resistors (unless you have the cheapest power supply available). No way it could kill you.
Ehm no. Capacitors have the characteristic to have a very low to no resistance at all. Some Capacitors can easily deliver enough volts to break your body resistance and with enough farads simply kill you.
search up "discharge resistors" or "bleeding resistors"
:/
Because they exist doesn't mean is always used. Assumption is the mother of all fuckups.
every computer power supply uses them :/
they wouldn't had a complex circuit and just 'forget' the main safety feature.
Love you and your channel
i'm studying electronic engineering and everytime i saw a motherboard i can't identify the tiny black boxes, now, you tell me what the hell are those, thanks! i've learn something
Im not first!!!
just in case, just couse you unplugged ur PSU, it doesn't mean the capacitor are safe to touch. it can literally kill you even if unplugged. so, un!ess u have somepne close that knows (CPR) i wouldn't touch it.
Cristian Sosa Touching a capacitor with one finger won't stop your heart.
Its amazing how far we've come.
wOw! That was very interesting! Can we get more video like this? That explain the nitty-gritty details?
I'm the tinkerer
Who's with me :D
This was informative. Thanks
Bagus sekali penjelasan Anda. Terimakasih
take the video down and edit the part out or ad strong warnings with "feel free to open up the power supply", as mentioned in other comments
I just watched this back. How can you guys publish so much misinformation?
holy shit that joke about Radeon and that other joke about chokes are exactly why i'm subbed to this channel.
Nice Thanks for the class
Actually you should never open up a power supply regardless if it's plugged in or not. They store electricity even when unplugged. People have died attempting it.
Andrew Lipscomb I've opened like 100 power supplies. I'm still alive eh ?
It's like saying: you should not drive cars, It's dangerous and you can die in an accident.
Andrew Lipscomb That's true, you should always short any capacitors when disconnecting from power. But I would also add that the metal casing can also be sharp in certain areas.
V. A. Popov now you're just saying that you can drive a car without any understanding what the thing actually is or how it's driven.
Yes, you can do the things mentioned, but only when you know how to and even after that with caution.
Funny (not really) story, once I opened up my PSU (500w) while it was plugged in and touched the bare metal contacts, luckily with only one hand, and even more luckily with only my thumb and forefinger, but moral of the story, unplug it, and discharge the capacitor..
every power supply has a discharge resistor connected between the 2 terminals on the big boy capacitors (aka the ones rated for 100v+), normally in the 40K-50K ohm range to make sure the resistors dont if any power while sitting there.
"But if you want to open your power supply, unplug it first" Well NOOOO. As he said, capacitors hold charge (like batteries) but they can release their charge in a few ms instead of a few hours like the battery does. So one of these big 400V smothing capacitors in a power supply can easily kill you if you are unlucky. So please, just dont open a power supply
Sebastian Flocke to be able and I am a very nice of you and the rest of the most recent call last week I will be a great day and night at the end result of the year in review of the most recent call last week I will be a good time and I will be a great day and I have been a while and then we can meet up with the other hand the keys for your time and money to pay for a while and I have been a while ago and I will have a great
Sebastian Flocke Funny (not really) story, once I opened up my PSU (500w) while it was plugged in and touched the bare metal contacts, luckily with only one hand, and even more luckily with only my thumb and forefinger, but moral of the story, unplug it, and discharge the capacitor..
They may be rated at 400v but it doesn't mean they sit at 400v, and also all power supplies made within like 10 years have discharge methods to discharge HV capacitors so you could (in theory) touch the capacitor within 10-20 seconds of unplugging, but they can fail so I'd short the cap anyway.
I NEVER DISLIKE SOMEONES VIDEO BUT THIS IS WHAT THEY TALK WITHOUT PERFECTION : SOUND'S GOOD LINUS AS U NEVER REPLY HATERS . EITHER WAY
Clearly explained, thanks.
probably the worst channel to learn anything about electronics
The actual use of big capacitors in motherboards is not only as voltage smoothers, but to provide a lower/higher voltage rating when used in conjuction with inductors and electronical switches(transistor/MOSFET) to form up switched mode power supply DC-DC converter from a DC input. One can get 0.8V for CPUs from 12V rails by using topologies such as Buck Convertes, or Flyback converters. This allows rather huge efficiency gains when compared to simple linear voltage regulators.
love these videos
2:19 i like that analogy for the resister
You mean resistor
4:29 Talks about motherboards..
His PC fan about to explode 😂😂👌👍
Wow finally made sense great vid
I just got excited when I heard chokes
Thank you very much. Excellent.
Inductors are actually used by switch mode converter ICs to do voltage conversion, current smothing AND controlling the current, smoothed again by capacitors.
The mosfet's description is partly wrong. It is an electrical switch but it does not directly lower the voltage. What you described is a linear voltage regulator and is something rare to find on motherboards.
This helped thanks
Thank you that should clear up some of the mystery of electronics for the unknowing masses. When is part 2 and the rest?
Isn't it true that capacitors voltage leads the current that it delivers which would be the opposite of inductive loads where it is lagging the current or is this only valid for AC systems? Basically I always thought of capacitors sending out bubbles of voltage to catch up inductive loads.
Good thing that the Rade-öööh-side walks have good electrical components, unlike other side walk-cards.
What are the components that look like a copper coil submerged in what looks like silicone or something like that. I often see it on older motherboards.
Can you help me , I want to know if I to change the board of hard disk for other that not is same, I will have problem?
Last gens boards were the nicest. Nice clean black PCBs with copper or silvered traces, little or no RGB, like the 970 Pro series.
great info!
Hi guys, one question that is not related to this video. I have an old Toshiba Satellite laptop and with Hitachi HDD 5k750-640 and a Samsung m471b5273ch0-ch9. Can I upgrade those 2 and with what? ( AMD graphic HD700/7600 Series)
What do you suggest and what benefits would I have. Thanks
thx this really helped me
Good job, thanks