Cardiac Output and Cardiac Index - Preload, Afterload, Contractility, And More - Explained Clearly
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- Опубликовано: 10 июл 2024
- Cardiac output and cardiac index are two critical concepts to understand. Master these topics and the things contributing to them in this 20 minute video! We tie together preload, afterload, contractility, heart right, end diastolic volumes, the cardiac cycle, Frank Starling curves, Anrep Affect, and more in a clear and concise manner! We also talk about the physiologic things that contribute to these different variables.
Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart squeezes out every minute. It is equal to the stroke volume times the heart rate. What contributes to these two variables though? The stroke volume is the end diastolic volume minus the end systolic volume and is affected by three things: preload, afterload, and contractility. The preload is the end diastolic volume, which is essentially the amount of blood in the ventricle right before is starts to contract in systole. As it increases, stroke volume tends to increase up until the ventricle becomes overstretched as demonstrated by the Frank Starling curve. The after load is the pressure that the ventricle has to contract against. Typically, as the after load increases the stroke volume decreases. The exception to this is the Anrep Affect, which we explain. Contractility is how powerful of a contraction the heart muscles make. As it increases, the strove volume increases. It is intimately connected to and affected by preload and afterload. Heart rate is more straightforward, but remember that there is a point where continued increases in heart rate actually decrease cardiac output given too short of time for diastolic filling. Cardiac index then is the cardiac output divided by the body surface area, which provides a more informative look at how well the body is being supplied with blood.
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this is the first time that I actually understand what the heart is doing during systole and diastole! thank you for the video, it is by far the best one I have come across to explain cardiac output and other related concepts
Love to hear that! Thanks for checking out the video and for the kind words!
What are the causes for all the excess deaths happening world wide, including even younger age groups?
Thank you for simplifying these hard to understand topics. I struggled with preload, afterload concepts and your video helped me to learn
and understand them. Wishing you the best!
We are so glad that it was helpful and thanks for checking it out!
Excellent channel! Please do a video on ICU medications. Thanks
Thanks for checking out the video and for the kind words! We will absolutely add that to the list!
You have an IABP video, please consider adding an Impella video as well as a Swan Ganz Catheter video/Invasive Hemodynamics video@@WhiteboardMedicine
Happy Thanksgiving! Love the basic physiology. Well done, sir!
Happy thanksgiving to you as well Hannibal! And thank you very much! Enjoying doing a bit more non-COVID content as of late
Thank u so much!!!
Always our pleasure! Thanks for checking it out!
Thank you for explaining it so well.
Always our pleasure! Thanks for checking it out!
Very interesting lecture again tonight. Thank you. Learning a bunch. 😁
Love to hear it! Have tried to incorporate a few more non-COVID videos as of late. Thanks for the positive words!
Happy Thanksgiving! 🦃
And happy thanksgiving to you as well!
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Possible the nodes in r. atrium excrete or eject a gas to aid in combustion as well as having the ability to conduct a current , or both, or hyper diffusion around the valve , possible condensed rbc's creates a bridge in r.atrium producing a arc or electrical pathway, a temporary net or web of hemoglobin in return releasing or stripping the oxygen from the rbc's in r. Atrium previous to entering the bronchials
So the myocytes is the myocardium, a vessel or barrier considering a vessel can be a barrier or a membrane
If a patient has pegion chest or any deformity in chest that affects reaching the heart during cpr what should we do ????❤❤
Excellent
Thank you very much! And thanks for checking out the video!
Can you cover how these topics relate to VO2 max and cardiopulmonary exercise testing? Anaerobic threshold etc.
Sounds like a great topic! We will add it to the list! Thanks for checking out the video and for commenting!
Perhaps you've already done a video on this but could you cover the typical diagnostic tests that lead to myocarditis diagnosis?
I'm in a few support groups for these folks and they are in so much pain & are having the hardest time getting their doctors to take them seriously & for insurance companies to authorize cardiac MRI's.
A lot of them have relatively normal bloodwork-- maybe elevated but decreasing troponin-- but they feel absolutely awful.
They know something is very wrong with them but the ER docs send them home with Tylenol or a psych referral for SSRIs. This only upsets them further, as it feels dismissive of their suffering.
The aftload? Or the afferent pathway