Ten Minute English and British History #12 - The Conquest of Wales and the Birth of Parliament
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- Опубликовано: 17 сен 2024
- Twitter: / tenminhistory
Patreon: www.patreon.co...
This episode covers the conflicts between England and Wales throughout the reigns of Henry III and Edward I which culminated in the latter's victory. It covers the political and social makeup of medieval Wales, particularly Gwynedd and stresses the changes that underwent both Wales and England as a result of the conquest.
Recommended books:
W. Davies - Wales in the Middle Ages. Probably the best overview of the period on sale. By far the easiest to follow and breaks down the Edwardian conquest (and it's legacy) extremely well.
M. Morris - A Great and Terrible King: Edward I and the Forging of Britain. A very good overview of Edward's reign which focuses heavily on his personality.
Ten Minute English and British History is a series of short, ten minute animated narrative documentaries that are designed as revision refreshers or simple introductions to a topic. Please note that these are not meant to be comprehensive and there's a lot of stuff I couldn't fit into the episodes that I would have liked to. Thank you for watching, though, it's always appreciated.
Those Welsh longbowmen really helped in my English campaigns in medieval total war
Dealing with Mongol invasions in the middle east by sticking stakes in front of the door XD
Ah, you guys did that too as England?
I want to get total war.. Where did you find it?
@@NikoHL steam
omg those stakes are a real life saver
Since when was this called 9 minute 59 second history, i demand my extra second.
REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE..........
Well spotted. Give him an inch......
You will get extra credits. Really, check out there admiral yi series
10:01 to get those extra advertising shekels.
@@yetigriff
The goal is patreon to avoid the sickness and psychological manipulation of the advertsing industry
4:22 Saying de Montfort was "killed" is an understatement. After he won the battle, Eddie Longshanks saw to it that Monfort's body was cut apart and that his head was sent to his family with the his testicles nailed to his nose. 6:05 Llewellyn suffered a similar fate.
They need to make a movie or a show about that war. Edward escaping his enemies and seeking revenge against those who imprisoned his father, seems great potential for an on screen story.
Batman and Robin in England are they looking for Alfred?
Where are the cakes?
Maybe the penguin
You mean Arthur?
@Steve The Turret That’s so stupid, I love it
maybe they were looking for Ra's Al Ghul.
Those thumps people make when they die are so satisfying.
Makes me want everyone to die in this series.
Spoilers
They will!!!
@@justthecoolestdudeyo9446 quite all of em
Sounds a little messed up
@@fralencemelograno and so will everyone in this comment section! (assuming everyone in this thread is still alive)
I would like to apologise for how terrible my pronunciation of everything Welsh is in this episode.
I thought it was adorable how hard you tried with the first Llewelyn, you could hear it slowly morph back to the anglicized pronunciation as more and more of them showed up, haha
Ten Minute History I really hope you do a similar series on England
you did a pretty good job
You should do a Q&A at 100k!
Dude it doing fine and don't come across as an imperialist war mongering twat. So we may let u in, great series, keep them coming
Welsh longbowmen!
"I wish you good fortune in the wars to come"
MahsaKaerra Well, did you know the so called "English Longbow" was invented by the Welsh. They were using a weirdly similar design far earlier and longer than the English. That's why they were used as Archers.
English: "Hey these things are pretty neato!"
@@taffyducks544 Yup, although Welsh longbows were made from Elm and English ones were made of Yew. Just as the Romans had done with many of their iconic weapons and armour, the English saw the Welsh longbow and adopted it for their own.
Is that quote just from GoT or does it have a historical meaning?
As a Welsh speaking Welsh man, compared to other channels, your pronunciation was great.
One note, Ll makes a off sound in Welsh, there is no way to show it in English, same with Dd
I thought
Ll is like hl and dd is like th
@@kylenetherwood8734 Stydying Welsh on Duolingo i think it would need an entire course to learn the pronunciation of the Cymbrian sounds
Well Ll is like lhlh and Dd is like dth (sort of)
According to Wikipedian 'dd' is pronounced as [ð] which English also has (e.g. 'th' in the word 'this'). On the other hand, 'll' according to Wikipedia is pronounced as [ɬ] which English doesn't have.
He’s gone pretty well here. Only the name Dafydd is a bit off. Da-vith (with the TH voiced, not voiceless)
England is having problems! What are we going to do? A-War B-War C-War D-War
Anthony Joseph Sostre Saxons for you! They were lucky that the Welsh were so few...wouldn't have stood a chance if numbers were anywhere near equal. Took them almost 800 years to take over Wales 😂
Nada i don't know if you noticed but it's very hard to take over a country when it has horrific terrain and you constantly at war with France
reaperz Also wales wouldn’t be able to support the same population as England which was 10x it’s size. Honestly this Nada Barton person is seriously idiotic.
E - Lunch, followed by war, then dessert,
Ser Devil 😂 if you say so. Sorry history portrays you ancestors as failures. Because as the Welsh say - Yma O Hyd
I'm English and I love that Wales still has its own language, culture and identity. Britain is a much better place for it.
Agreed
Too right mate
United Kingdom, stronger together! :-)
👍🇬🇧🏴
@@triestodrum2215 You're replying to someone with Socialist in their name... Doubt they'd be a fan of the concept of monarchy... Also, fuck the UK...
"He didn't like the lands he was given so naturally revolt was the only answer."
Dude your ability to make this stuff humorous at the same time giving great historical information is so good. I'm having a good laugh and learning alot at the same time. So glad RUclips recommended your channel to me.
There are more castles per square mile in Wales then in any country in Europe I believe. Caernarfon castle is a great tourist spot for anyone interested in medival history. If anyone wishes to hear Welsh spoken as a primary language, I.e. more then English, Caernarfon is definitely up there as a place to go in my opinion.
It’s a miracle they kept their language after all these years under all that English suppression
Search ‘the welsh knot”
@@Valencetheshireman927 research mate. generations forced not to speak our own language or get lashed.
@@antonyevans9772 and the Victorians in a fit of nostalgia decided to create a written form, are you enjoying the DD's LL's and so on ? :-)
Ulysses of The Divide kids were beaten in school for speaking welsh for hundreds of years into the 19th century.
@@Aron-ru5zk kids were beaten for tonnes of shite everywhere it seems silly to complain about that.
"Wales would remain thereafter firmly under English rule"
What about Owain Glyndwr?
A good little rebellion, but it wasn't long term independence.
soon.....
Indeed, he was very close to becoming the King of Wales
He was, and was considered so by many. But even at the most generous it lasted 11 - 15 years. A significant achievement. But very short lived considering how long England has ruled over Wales.
TorchedKiwi only until the Laws of Wales act (England and Wales were treated as equal under English law) and then the founding of the union in 1707 when the English parliament became the British one.
Will the series cover the longbow's glory days in France? Really enjoyed this episode, especially since I just finished my own animated history video about the Battle of Poitiers.
Can you please make a video about the Battle ot Vienna 1683 between the Ottoman forces under the Grand Vizier and the Polish Lithuanian forces under King Jan III Zobieski?
@Penderyn Lewsyn Not bending over backwards, everyone that resisted was slaughtered. They did what they had to for their families.
Hello
Hello
@Penderyn Lewsyn Better to bend over backwards than bend over forwards.
The history of Welsh railways is similar to Wales itself. Fragmented independent companies, then consolidation by the English (1922), more consolidation (1948), and finally a little bit of independence, though still effectively a part of England.
and now welsh railways west of cardiff are useless. swansea should have been electrified by now ffs.
Currently living in South Wales. Very interesting bit of history.👍🏴
I really am curious about what your day job is. Pumping out videos every week with no ad support, I'm perplexed.
Daniel Malia Maybe he makes them for schools too? I dunno
I reckon he squeezes himself into microwaves at circuses.
He has patreon
He and James Bissonnette prepared a coup to take the world
He earns $3400 per month from his Patreon
Thank you for this! Its been so hard to find well explained overviews of this period that aren't full length documentaries. I will be using this for my GCSE students in the next few weeks. it would be great if you could do more of these on topics such as 19th century Russia (I used your Russian Revolution one for A-level). Keep up the good work :)
I actually lost it on the especially loud thud when Griffith dies by falling down the tower of London trying to escape. The sound is so good.
Batman and Robin climbing up the tower got me 🤣🤣
I pawb Cymraeg a wylodd hyn... Fe godwn ni eto!
Kaleb Mead nawni go iawn nawni ymladd yn ôl
*blinks*
Do you guys need us to call an ambulance? XD
Cymru am byth
Pryd?
These animations are really pleasent to watch while learning about this History.
This series is amazing. You should be very proud of this. I found myself looking forward to this episode more than when the Walking Dead was actually good.
The big problem with Medieval Wales was the law that stated when a King died, their lands would be split among their sons. This meant everytime someone united Wales, it fragmented again upon their death.
Partition was the true enemy of medieval dynasties
I agree with that statement
pronouncing Welsh IS impossible!
Llanfairpwllgwyngyll
Just so everyone knows, the long towns name is pronounced like so:
Llan vire porth gwin gith gor Gereth qwin droboth lantisilio gogogoth
Say it as one word and it's much easier than everyone portrays,
It becomes way easier once you realise that a W is mostly pronounced as "oo".
VC3 Productions Actually it isn't. Problem people have is the inability to understand different letters aren't pronounced the same. English is harder to learn than Welsh!
varana312 and I believe that in welsh the DD makes the TH sound
Toby Black yeah
Keeping to the Welsh theme will you be covering Owain Glyndŵr later??
I had to go back after watching the entire episode to freeze frame Batman and Robin scaling the castle wall, just so I could see your interpretation of them. 👍👍🤣🦇 I appreciate how you managed to capture Adam West's jawline with your art style. 😊
I did the same.
This is brilliant! I'm an MA student in medieval history and am always impressed by how much information you cram into these videos. I'm wondering if you've read any of R. R. Davies' books on Anglo-Norman (not Anglo-French, sorry!) imperialism and expansion during this period? If not, I think you'd really enjoy them.
English nobleman to-do list:
-tax the peasants
-curse the Scots
-piss on the Irish
-hurt the Welsh
-complain about the French
-go to Parliament and complain against the King
-maybe rebel, we’ll see
Llewellyn fought off the English for ages. They were eventually starved out by the English stopping anything getting in or out and he didn't want to see everyone die so he surrendered. That's what we were taught in Wales anyway.
5:51 "Things we don't need:
- the English
-vowels, apparently "
Hilarious! XD
That made me laugh because Welsh actually has more vowels than English! We have 7: a e i o u w and y
Born in England, raised in Wales with some Welsh blood. Proud to be Welsh. There are some cool English castles near where I live. I almost take it for granted
🏴🏴🏴🏴🇬🇧👍
The world may not end with a bang, but it will definitely end with a thump.
A very, very satisfying thump.
3.6 billion AD and the earth..... has just been absorbed by the sun
”THUMP”
A Trump?
Next time...
FREEDOM!!!!
I think you mean...
*bad scottish accent* *FREEDOM*
You may take our lives, but you will never take, OUR FREEDOOOOOOM!
Merritt Animation
"You are still putting a king... Your not free."
The Welsh don’t want to be independent
Wanting to rule yourself is not childish but becoming independent when you already rule yourself IS childish.
Wales: *exists*
England: ima end this mans whole career.
So Edward I was the inspiration for Crusader Kings 2's gameplay? Tax and expel the Jews while holding as many important hostages as possible and conquering land outside your de jure kingdom to expand your own demesne.
Based indeed
A macho king that asserts Might Makes Right on weaker neighbors, and known for an impressive physique to match. Just like Putin.
Absolutely love your sense of humor!!
Well lads it's been fun
That's a nice island u have there
Britain is a nice island.👍
Looking forward to the next one mate!! I always have anything from your channel at the top of my feed! Hope youre well!
I'm addicted to these short stories.
Would love to see a History Matters episode about the Glyndwr uprising.
Best series of the British Isles ever, and can you make after you end this series, a series about the Hungarians, about their conquest of the Carpathian Basin, etc...?
Best spent 9:59 of my life. :) Though kind of disappointed I didn't get my full ten minutes as short by one second. XD
@@Valencetheshireman927 wrong comment
This gives me a bit of insight into my history. That Welsh name, here in the U.S., has evolved to be spelled Lewallen. When i was in junior high school, i got in fights on more than one occasion with two brothers whose last name was Lewallen. Come to find out, my Dad and theirs had gone to that same school years before, and THEY had got into fights as well! So the Lewallen clan, as we call them, has been nothing but trouble for literally centuries! 😆
But roughly a decade later, as an adult, i was living in a different town, going to church with an elderly lady who, come to find out, was the grandmother of those 2 Lewallen boys. She wasn't trouble at all, she was a wonderful person.... unfortunately, at least one of those 2 boys is doing or has done a long stint in prison on drug charges. Just can't change some folk.
Edward I “Longshanks” is still distantly related to the Anglo-Saxon kings, thanks to Henry Beauclerc’s marriage to Edith of Scotland who was Aethelred II’s granddaughter.
I wonder how Welsh identity managed to survive through all of this, and the vast passage of time, when other, larger Celtic areas rapidly became English. Perhaps the initial English (Saxon, Anglish, etc.) conquests were far more brutal.
*Welsh identity prospered in Argentinian Patagonia !!!*
Shoutout to Wales, recently there was talk of celebrating the English conquest by building a huge iron circlet to represent the castles Edward I built to keep the welsh in the north oppressed. We told them to sling their fookin hooks haha!
just like everyone else who came out of a welsh pussy then ay
The iron circlet was not about celebrating English rule and the idea for it came from the Welsh .😑🤨
@ - Melodic meerkat - You aren’t very bright are you ?😑
Please do this with Schleswig-Holstein as well
Do an episode on the Welsh uprising by Owain Glyndwr
I love how king Henry goes from having a beard to not having a beard in between fragments
Awesome vid, I don't believe I was told any of this when I studied this period of English History!
Ancient History Guy Well, they are Britons. So you wouldn't have. Education, world over is extremely pro English.
yes its a real shame, i think there was around half a page dedicated to William Wallace and that was it. Real shame.
Ancient History Guy Well, Wallace was actually of Cumbric Descent...cousins of the Welsh. Wallace was Norman for Welshman.
Most Scots, Irish and Welsh don’t despise them and those people also took part in the British empire alongside the English so they are just as responsible for the bad and good that it did . Especially the Scots who voluntarily joined England in a union
@@taffyducks544
The English are Britons.
Your videos are great! I only discovered them recently. Really enjoy the little funny inclusions. GREAT JOB!!!
No mention of Owain Glyndŵr?
Anyone looking forward to CA's new game Thrones of Britannia?
Nope
the TV show Game Of Thrones may as well be called Thrones of Britannia
slavius its during Anglo Saxon times there are no Normans (well in the isles anyway) but i do share your hatred of the Normans
nah i don;t think they will but they will prob add in a dlc with just Britain and Normandy called Norman invasion i would imagine but idk
yh at this point the normans still cant be recognised as english
Wales had been united as a Country in the 1000s under Rhys...so I call bullshit on it always being "divided"
Also the Welsh were the original britons along with the Cornish...but most dônt know this
Along with the people in brittany
@@hansolo4017
Believe it or not, the Bretons emigrated from SW Britain, probably to get away from the English.
I’d just like to point one very significant thing. The CELTS were not the original Britons, it’s embarrassing to even suggest that. The Celts just like the Anglo Saxons and the Normans invaded from continental Europe. There were tribes and people already in the British Isles before the Celts arrived! Stonehenge and many more relics belong to the original Britons, who had their land taken from them by, oh you guessed it, the CELTS. Stop trying to make the Anglo Saxons sound bad for doing the same thing the Celts did. Learn your history or don’t talk about it at all.
@@NxMaGiiCz
Well yes and then no! :-)
When people talk of the 'Ancient Britons', they generally mean the folk who were here when the Romans arrived and who called themselves by a version of that name. These were the ancestors of the Welsh/Cornish/Breton p-Celts.
Obviously they were by no means the first humans to inhabit these islands, but of those who came before we have only a few scraps of legend. No native texts (unless you count the so-called Pictish Ogams, which may not even be writing) or reliable travellers' reports even.
"Learn your history", you say. The truth is for better or worse, there is no pre-Celtic history of Britain, since history implies written documents or inscriptions of some kind.
marconatrix I honestly don’t know where to begin but this reply proves my point. History is not all about writing at all, hence why archaeology exists lol, so that’s stupid to say that. Writing only helps to inform us about history, it is not the epicentre of history, embarrassing that I actually have to say this. Onto your next point; Ancient Britons aren’t the ones who were around when the Romans came to these isles, they were the ones before the Celts, the ones who built Stonehenge, the amesbury stones, mud huts, the eagle tomb etc and all of this is part of the history of the British isles. The Celts are part of the fabric of that history but they too are invaders, land grabbers or any other term used to call the Anglo Saxons or any other group who’ve come to these shores. The point I’m making is the fact that Celts are romanticised but for anyone who’s studied history, especially British history such as myself, you realise that people groups have migrated to these shores and due to technological advances etc. are able to conquer and acquire the land, this has happened many times, especially before 1067 for obvious reasons. Now, don’t get me wrong I like the tales of King Arthur and other such Celtic tales, I’m actually from an area myself with strong Celtic links but Celts were a warrior like people, who’s customs weren’t at all glorious and harmonious as you can imagine for that time but for me, it’s the hypocrisy of people saying that any group such as the Romans, Anglo Saxons etc were the evil ones and the Celts were just defending ‘their’ land, when they too fought people before them for said land. History isn’t always glorious and there’s a lot of grey and not black or white, so people shouldn’t get all high and mighty about certain history.
Things we don't need 1 the English 2 vowels apparently.
God this channels great, he really doesn't like Welsh words
So the welsh we’re Japanese shogunate like people in that soldiers we’re praised and heroes often written highly about?
Cool
7:40 Interesting choice of image for Parliament, using the opening scene of the Bayeux Tapestry, which was the coronation of Edward the Confessor.
Sounds like Welsh is such a fascinating language!
Nothing on Owain Glyn Dwr?
Where’s the next episode! I miss these videos very much, hope the next one is dropping soon 🤞
Owain Glyndwr My Hero
Thank you so much for these videos , they`re very informative and most importantly interesting , I like the meadow parts so much. What happened to Welsh language at that period was it outlawed?. Did the aristocrats and the monarchs of England speak French only?.
In terms of legislation there was no change at first. The new lords of the conquered Welsh territories spoke French and later English. The main change for the Welsh language was under the Tudors (it was outlawed for the nobility). Later on there was an effort to suppress the language (along with the Cornish and Scottish languages) but it managed to survive all of these and in the mid-20th century, it became protected by law.
Thank you so much for your efforts , much appreciated :).
Ten Minute History Henry the 8th was the main culprit. Where as Elizabeth the first actually done alot to save the language. Some even think she was fluent in the language.
welsh not it was called look it up sad really but we still got our language
That was really more of an Eddy the Vee Eye thing with his Book of Common Prayer. (Although it was done during his regency before he took power to himself properly, he'd been pretty thoroughly Puritanized growing up and would have forced the matter himself in any case. Like many a contemporary American, little Eddy seems to have been convinced that English was the original tongue of scripture, and the only tongue fit for worship.)
I forgot that Welsh has a similar sound to the hl sound in zulu and other bantu languages
I really liked the Batman & Robin at 2:46
Nice to hear my hometown mentioned, Chester
Can you do an episode on Wales’ role in WW1 and WW2
Glad to see my country talked about on this channel. All the best from Wales 🏴
Wales: Exist
England: It's free real estate.
Most countries in the Middle Ages did things like that
Anything: Exists
Britain: It's free real estate
@Gigabit- Overused and unoriginal joke but ok .
List of things we don't need .....Vowels. That part was just magical.
0:11 Welsh is not difficult to pronounce. Unlike English it is a phonetic language: just learn the sounds and anyone can do it. Please see the Athro Cymraeg RUclips channel for more help on how to speak Welsh (and far fewer lazy tropes).
5:52 lazy trope about the Welsh language having no vowels - it has 7 vowels (more than English) a e i o u w y
7:35 '...thus it can be said that the English parliament found much of its roots in the subjugation of the Welsh...' I am not sure what point this sentence is trying to make. What is interesting is the comparison of the awful treatment of Jews and the Welsh by Edward I.
9:22 You neglect to mention the War of Welsh Independence led by Owain Glyndwr that began in 1400. Quite an important omission. Glyndwr, as noted by Shakespeare, was a genius general and great visionary. He gave Wales its first Parliament in Machynlleth in 1404.
The constant use of English, British or English and Welsh as interchangeable equals in the video is misleading. The English had been defeated by the Normans in 1066. It was the French-speaking Normans who ruled England (The King and his Barons & Marcher Lords) and tried to conquer Wales during the period the video aims to discuss. Edward I spoke no English - only French. He was a Norman King of England. The English never conquered Wales.
On the whole, despite the usual Anglo-errors and oversights, a good video with a clear simple account of the major incidents of the time. For more on The History of Wales try the eponymous volume by the late John Davies.
Thank you for making videos
Will you do a video on the reign of Owain Glyndwr prince of wales 1404-1415?
iJonesyXD yes thinking the same thing
Yes, he's covered in the episode after next (The Black Death episode).
Ten Minute History ah thanks!
I just love how ireland looks like a koala looking over his back at england like: "the fuck is going on there?!"
I Love the National anthem of Wales.
It’s just sheep sounds
Cheers
Really enjoyed this presentation. Plan on watching it several more times to get more out of it.
A very complex history.
If he had just waited Batman and Robin could’ve saved him!
Wait what do you mean I'm caught up with this series. Dammit I need more.
How many episodes is this series gonna have 20?
44
44.
hell yeah dude i hope you are enjoying making these as much as we enjoy watching them!
Nah, English history ended in 1820 when Napoleon became Super King of the Holy European Empire.
louisalectube He never conquered England.
Tosses in Batman and Robin into a video about ancient English/British history and it totally works.
This guy is a genius and RUclips really should be paying him.
The battle of Agincourt... the use of welsh bowman won the battle against the French heavy cavalry 🏴 🇬🇧 🏴
Wow the history of Wales was like MADE for this channel haha.
How long do videos need to be to get adverts? Feel bad for this guy; he deserves some cash
I've seen 13 sec videos with adverts, so I don't think there is a limit.
On his Patreon he states that he will never enable ads as his content is among other things meant to serve as a supplement to teaching school children, and it wouldn't be fitting to advertise in a classroom.
Andjac What a nice guy.
There is some confusion about the Welsh longbow men and the longbow. The longbow itself was not Welsh as it had been around for centuries and was found in other parts of Europe. What was important with the Welsh longbow men was the fact that they used them on mass rather then scattered throughout the army. Thus giving them a greater impact on the enemy.
Brilliant and concise
W E L S H P R I D E
Toby Black where?
*[B R I T I S H P R I D E]*
Cymru am byth
What that called in the language
🏴🇬🇧
i have to watch in .75 speed because he talks too fast but i really dig all these videos, thanks for all the hard work, it's greatly appreciated!
I come back to this video just for the “nigh on unpronounceable” dig at the Welsh language. He then does a great job to my American ears of correctly pronouncing all the various names. Although wish that the huge long named town had more prominence.
Batman and Robin @2:46 = priceless
Ah now I know why I always naturally liked the Welsh even though I'm not from there ;)
🙂😜
@@teiloturner2760 sus
I love wales the people are lovely and wales is buetiful i used to go to wales on holiday when i was a child
Most of us are friendly like most people but others are not . 🏴
Sometimes when watchin stuff like this I stop and think what's happening in other parts of the world. Marco polo is in Mongolia with kublai
Wow this has blown my mind
This is great. Thanks for your work. When is the next video coming out?
62 Sassanachs have disliked this
DON'T STOP, PLEASE!!
Yeah, the longbow was a Welsh invention. It annoys me when people call it “The English longbow”. Give us this one thing.
I’m welsh and I agree Welsh words are quite hard to pronounce but it can be learnt
Well Wales, you had a good run.
na we still got our welsh language the english will never get ride of us welsh we been around a long long time longer then the english we through a lot of wars with rome anglo saxon norwegian so yea we still here yn falch o fod yn Gymraeg
Er gwaethaf pawb a phopeth...Ry'n i yma o hyd!
We're still here ya nob
Let's be honest. An independent Wales would have seriously struggled to have been a big player on the world stage historically speaking. As technically proficient as the Welsh were, they were also seriously lacking in resources and manpower which are really big stumbling blocks to power. Their inclusion into the Kingdom of England gave Welsh culture much more prominence on the world stage. Despite the English not intending that.
I'm not saying it's impossible Wales would've been a big player without England, but it's doubtful.
@Celtic revival- Wales still exists . 😑🤨🇬🇧🏴
2:46 The Dynamic Duo!