Love the dry engineering humor! "I got this tank at Home Depot on black Friday, which saved me money." Vastly understating the effort, and still being, what my ex-wife called, "A damn cheap engineer." Oh, and not cracking a smile. Because you know some non-engineer is going to ask a clerk at Home Depot where the high pressure tanks are...
Amazing video. Now consider that the record for diving on a single breath of air (free diving) is 214 meters (704 feet). This balloon is a perfect example for that person's lungs.
I expected he gas to compress but for some reason I also thought the balloon would burst. I also was not expecting that around 50m we would enter the scrotal zone.
In the opposite direction, that's why you don't hold your breath when you scuba dive. The air in your lungs is at the correct pressure for your depth, so if you hold your breath as you ascend, the air in your lungs decompresses and takes up more volume.
The styrofoam thing has been done, one was stuck onto a deep ocean camera apparatus and taken to the bottom, when it came back up it had shrivelled as all of the gases contained in its structure were squeezed out and could not have been replenished.
Interesting how the "deep" balloon resembles a helium-filled balloon being released for a high-altitude flight. In that case, extra envelope material is provided to allow for expansion as surrounding air pressure declines with increasing altitude. The two situations are analogous: the submerged balloon re-expands as water pressure decreases with ascent to the surface; the helium balloon expands as surrounding air pressure declines with increasing altitude. Question: At what depth does the balloon's compressed air exceed the density of water? (I.e., when the balloon is no longer buoyant.)
I noticed the same thing, the balloon in this experiment looked very much like filling the "Bubble" on zero pressure balloons. I've been on a couple campaigns for UDel/Bartol's AESOP and LEE payloads.
Why would it? Unless Im missing something, the air inside will always be less dense than the water around it right? Im probably missing something then.
Another awesome vid man. Just an idea, could you place a mirror at an angle so we can see the side and rear of items? Just more science to science with.
i wonder if at max depth, if the balloon is popped will the air immediately dissolve into the water? and then on decompression would the balloon remain deflated with a simple puncture?
"Boyle's Ideal Gas Law" for anyone reading this & wanting to go further. Messinian Salinity Crisis is related btw, but is a massively neglected period of geologic history. It got REAL HOT down in those depths. Hope that'll get 'searched' by y'all. Also, 'adiabatic lapse rate' plays a role into this whole pressure aspect in respect to atmosphere Lastly this is the only RUclips video I have ever watched that stated, indeed, liquids are compressible... otherwise fusion couldn't exist.
Even solids are compressible, but you have to push really-really hard. To detonate a baseball sized lump of uranium, which isn't quite critical mass, shaped charges are placed around the core. All charges are triggered at the same time. EXACTLY the same time! The same electrical pulse goes down each wire, and each wire is the same length. The baseball is crushed down to the size of a walnut. With the nuculi closer together, it now goes critical and gives off a fraction of a gram of energy. But, you can see how much effort is required. We live in a very specific, very constant environment. It tickles the brain to see other environments.
I have a friend who worked offshore oil rigs. As party favors he often gave away 16 oz.styrofoam drink cups that he (and probably his buds) had attached to their ROVs doing whatever the ROVs did. The formerly 16 oz. cups that he gave away were slightly bigger than shot glasses. He did say that some of the cups came up disfigured, but they saved the "good ones" to give away.
I was surprised the balloon kept upright the whole time. I was expecting it to fall at some point. Also, where in the world did the bubbles on the outside of the balloon at the end come from? Hmh. Interesting!
Regarding your comment about water barely compressing, if there were some material, solid or liquid that absolutely would not compress, does that mean it would be a perfect sound barrier?
Is your pressure reading out of sync with your depth? During my diver training I was told that at the surface we are subject to 1 atmosphere or 1 bar. This increases by 1 for every 10m of depth, so at 10m I would have expected your bar reading to be 2.
It's interesting how all the dissolved air nucleated on the balloon as the pressure was released. Do you think this was because of the hydrophobicity of the rubber surface or the microscopic texture?
Would you be able to take the air filled balloon to that depth and hook it to a line that has another balloon that has no air it in but it is at an equalized pressure and fill that balloon?
I was expecting the balloon to shrink.. but for some reason I also expect it to stop floating. I thought the rubber would contract and pull the top back towards the attachment point. Displacement obviously changes, so buoyancy must too... what's the explanation for that?
What would be interesting would be to have a rudimentary force gauge (like a spring) on the base of the balloon knot. I'm curious if the buoyancy increases, decreases or remains constant as the volume shrinks with the depth.
I believe the buoyancy goes down as the space the air and the balloon takes up displaces less and less water the more it gets crushed, which is a terrifying thought that the deeper you go the more you start to drop like a stone to the bottom
If you guys are interested, I could do a follow up test later with the balloon free floating in the chamber. Theoretically, once the weight of the displaced volume of water by the collapse balloon is lower than the weight of the balloon rubber, we should see it start to sink if the balloon rubber has a specific gravity greater than 1.
@@TheDropzoneChannel it doesn't have a specific gravity of less than 1, this vid shows that since there is no sinking at all as the gas compresses under the water pressure. The compression most definitely reached the point where the gas buoyancy in water was less than the weight of the rubber.
@@DounutCereal Correct. The buoyancy goes down. A lot. Equal to the volume change in percent. So the first ten meters are the most noticeable. After that the percentile change drops rapidly until you only get minute changes in buoyancy the deeper you go. But yes, that is EXACTLY the problem why you as a diver ALWAYS have to check your depth gauge regularly, especially in areas with great depth but also great visibility. The change in light in those areas is virtually impossible to notice in the first 40 meters. However your sink rate goes faster and faster. When you notice your depth gauge to drop rapidly, check if your bouyancy compensator is still holding air. If not, your in a LOT of trouble. That's the time you have to think about shedding your ballast AND carefully, very, very carefully inflating your diving vest. Because once you've reached a certain point of depth the buoyancy in your vest won't be enough to keep you neutral if you are still carrying ballast/lead. Very dangerous indeed. But if you DO drop your ballast you also have to be extremely (!) careful about ascending again because you have nothing to keep you down once the vest starts to inflate again as soon as you begin to ascend and the pressure drops. The higher you go, the faster the percentile increase in volume, thus buoyancy, making it more and more difficult to keep under water. Which may result in hyperbaric pressure accidents, which are the absolute number one killer in diving accidents. The bends are mild compared to that; hyperbaric accidents kill more reliably.
Was waiting for the balloon to pop at the end from the small amount of gas bening concentrated on a really small point, stretching the balloon in that small part
Yep. I'm going to be comparing a Yeti Rambler 18oz vs Hydro Flask 18oz in the episodes coming soon. I don't think the Stanley would be able to handle the pressures because of their lid mechanism.
I have a project and I can' find an answer to it.......what will air expand to if you heat it in a sealed container from ambient 25 deg C to 100 deg C?
Interesting question. My first thought was that since the gas is in a flexible container it can't really be liquified this way. I think. Butane would be a good gas to test as it liquifies easily. Compressing air causes it to heat up, however if constrained it will liquify as it cannot expand. Unless the water surrounding the air counts as the non-compressable container. I imagine it would need compressed more than this test rig can do. SCUBA air cylinders (the high pressure steel ones we used) are pressurised to up to 250 bar, the pressure equivalent of 2.5km deep in the ocean and the air is still gaseous, you could tip the cylinder upside down, open the valve and only air would come out.
Why did bubbles form on the outside of the balloon, as you depressurized the chamber? Was there still some air in the system, before you pressurized it? If you filled the balloon with a mixture of fuel and air, would the mixture reach its auto ignition pressure (don't try this at home)?
...they condensed from being dissolved in the water. That's how fish breath. If he boiled the water first before filling the chamber with it that would drive the dissolved gasses out and you wouldn't have the bubbles forming.
What would happen if the balloon was filled with a gas that liquified under pressure (with the appropriate temperature needed for liquefaction). Im guessing the balloon would still look the about same-shrunken volume and all?
During deep dive traing we had to take a plastic coke bottom down to 80 feet to see the air compression then fill it with tank air and bring it up to see the expansion of air (or to show why you don't holdpyouur breath coming up)
Can't you also tell that the gas is still in the compressed balloon because the balloon stays upright rather than floating around from it's tether? My degree isn't in science, and it's been several decades since I've been in school, but it just seems to me that it's upright position, although compressed, demonstrates the presence of air still inside it. Is that correct?
@@TheDropzoneChannel You build this with your own money AND can do a/v? Subbed and watched all videos. Probably the newest channel I've followed (beats 2 months). I prefer not to sub 100k+ channels, by that point any Sub, Like or Comment is just lost in a sea of mediocre. Will watch such videos though.
What happens if you put a: - fresh chicken - large cube of ice - soap bar - cork I think that nothing will happen to the ice cube (other than some melting). But, I am not a scientist, and I can only guess.
it's amazing it doesn't sink.. I guess the balloon rubber is less dense than the water? Or maybe it would have to go even deeper to have the air soooo compressed that it simply doesn't occupy the volume needed to float?
that is what happens to a humans lungs if you try diving without airtanks or go to deep. I wasn't expecting it to slowly squish. thank you for videoing my suggestion. it didn't burst?? :I dang it
My only issue would mixing Imperial units [pounds per square inch] and IS units [litres].... why not use Pascals , which is one newton per square metre (N/m2), which is an SI unit?
Stupid! A pressure chamber is NOT pulling something, except legs. 🙄 The force pulling down versus the need to float pops the balloon. All my physics professors were weirdos too.
Thanks for the suggestion! That's not a bad idea just to get a comparison. I should've done that with this episode... I'll try and incorporate that in a future video, something filled with air and then with water.
![NoCap - Maliboo [Official Music Video]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/FUV7E0QyniU/mqdefault.jpg)
Love the dry engineering humor!
"I got this tank at Home Depot on black Friday, which saved me money."
Vastly understating the effort, and still being, what my ex-wife called, "A damn cheap engineer."
Oh, and not cracking a smile. Because you know some non-engineer is going to ask a clerk at Home Depot where the high pressure tanks are...
Amazing video. Now consider that the record for diving on a single breath of air (free diving) is 214 meters (704 feet). This balloon is a perfect example for that person's lungs.
I expected he gas to compress but for some reason I also thought the balloon would burst. I also was not expecting that around 50m we would enter the scrotal zone.
By increasing the external pressure it's equivalent to deflating the balloon.
Mind blown 🤯 @@Iconoclasher
Yup, when the scrote gets compressed, horror quickly ensues.
Why would you expect it to burst when it’s getting smaller?
@@buttcrack7784 I half expected that too. Not for any rational reason, just a feeling.
In the opposite direction, that's why you don't hold your breath when you scuba dive. The air in your lungs is at the correct pressure for your depth, so if you hold your breath as you ascend, the air in your lungs decompresses and takes up more volume.
Yeah, not a good look.
Holding your breath for too long also has other undesirable consequences 🙂
Its also why in emergency scuba situations reducing depth can add an extra breath
Love your on screen persona. The balloon bit was pretty much as expected. Thanks for the fun.
A closed cell styrofoam ball would be a good item to test.
Or a foam head for wigs... It would crush but stay that way - A head shrinker!
The styrofoam thing has been done, one was stuck onto a deep ocean camera apparatus and taken to the bottom, when it came back up it had shrivelled as all of the gases contained in its structure were squeezed out and could not have been replenished.
Where did the bubbles on the outside of the balloon come from when the pressure was reduced?
I assume from the gasses inside the balloon. Balloons are very slightly permeable.
That's why balloons deflate over time, even mylar balloons are not completely impermeable.
he did say he filled it with hot air, so its possible that it is condesation bubbles formed from the contrast of temperatures
Cool stuff. Keep em coming
Interesting how the "deep" balloon resembles a helium-filled balloon being released for a high-altitude flight. In that case, extra envelope material is provided to allow for expansion as surrounding air pressure declines with increasing altitude.
The two situations are analogous: the submerged balloon re-expands as water pressure decreases with ascent to the surface; the helium balloon expands as surrounding air pressure declines with increasing altitude.
Question: At what depth does the balloon's compressed air exceed the density of water? (I.e., when the balloon is no longer buoyant.)
I noticed the same thing, the balloon in this experiment looked very much like filling the "Bubble" on zero pressure balloons.
I've been on a couple campaigns for UDel/Bartol's AESOP and LEE payloads.
I'm not sure if it will exceed the density of water, unless liquid air does. Because that's the limit it will compress to, when air is liquified.
Very good episode.
Keep it going
Very interesting and informative, thanks!
Love seeing this type of experiment. Thanks!
Thank you for the content.
It never lost buoyancy. Thats impressive.
Why would it? Unless Im missing something, the air inside will always be less dense than the water around it right?
Im probably missing something then.
“The balloon full of my own hot air”
Suggests it’s full of your own hot fart.
Love the music 🎶
Another awesome vid man. Just an idea, could you place a mirror at an angle so we can see the side and rear of items? Just more science to science with.
That would be trippy. Let me think about that one. Thanks!
i wonder if at max depth, if the balloon is popped will the air immediately dissolve into the water? and then on decompression would the balloon remain deflated with a simple puncture?
Hmmm... yea, what would happen if you popped it at max depth/pressure?
"Boyle's Ideal Gas Law" for anyone reading this & wanting to go further.
Messinian Salinity Crisis is related btw, but is a massively neglected period of geologic history. It got REAL HOT down in those depths. Hope that'll get 'searched' by y'all.
Also, 'adiabatic lapse rate' plays a role into this whole pressure aspect in respect to atmosphere
Lastly this is the only RUclips video I have ever watched that stated, indeed, liquids are compressible... otherwise fusion couldn't exist.
Even solids are compressible, but you have to push really-really hard.
To detonate a baseball sized lump of uranium, which isn't quite critical mass, shaped charges are placed around the core. All charges are triggered at the same time. EXACTLY the same time! The same electrical pulse goes down each wire, and each wire is the same length. The baseball is crushed down to the size of a walnut.
With the nuculi closer together, it now goes critical and gives off a fraction of a gram of energy.
But, you can see how much effort is required. We live in a very specific, very constant environment. It tickles the brain to see other environments.
Love these science channels, in that lay person can grasp , who world works
Dah! Just ask any scuba diver. Put a Styrofoam cup in your chamber! They you can use the cup in your doll house!
I have a friend who worked offshore oil rigs. As party favors he often gave away 16 oz.styrofoam drink cups that he (and probably his buds) had attached to their ROVs doing whatever the ROVs did. The formerly 16 oz. cups that he gave away were slightly bigger than shot glasses. He did say that some of the cups came up disfigured, but they saved the "good ones" to give away.
We can't get the ROV down! Why not? Maybe the 300 Styrofoam cups attached to it may have something to do with it. Oops!
I was surprised the balloon kept upright the whole time. I was expecting it to fall at some point.
Also, where in the world did the bubbles on the outside of the balloon at the end come from? Hmh. Interesting!
Cool!!!
Excellent video and explanation! What is the music?
Regarding your comment about water barely compressing, if there were some material, solid or liquid that absolutely would not compress, does that mean it would be a perfect sound barrier?
I would say on the contrary as water is already a much better sound conductor than air. Vacuüm is a goed sound barrier.
You make math simple and fun!
the water seems to be relatively cold, which since rubber needs warmth to cotract, it doesn't have enough thermal energy to contract properly.
Is your pressure reading out of sync with your depth? During my diver training I was told that at the surface we are subject to 1 atmosphere or 1 bar. This increases by 1 for every 10m of depth, so at 10m I would have expected your bar reading to be 2.
It's interesting how all the dissolved air nucleated on the balloon as the pressure was released. Do you think this was because of the hydrophobicity of the rubber surface or the microscopic texture?
my guess is nitrogen from inside the balloon dissolved into the latex
i base this on nearly zero critical thought or scientific logical inference
also i answered a question you didn't ask
what i mean is i noticed the bubbles too
that is all
Would you be able to take the air filled balloon to that depth and hook it to a line that has another balloon that has no air it in but it is at an equalized pressure and fill that balloon?
I was expecting the balloon to shrink.. but for some reason I also expect it to stop floating. I thought the rubber would contract and pull the top back towards the attachment point. Displacement obviously changes, so buoyancy must too... what's the explanation for that?
What would be interesting would be to have a rudimentary force gauge (like a spring) on the base of the balloon knot. I'm curious if the buoyancy increases, decreases or remains constant as the volume shrinks with the depth.
I believe the buoyancy goes down as the space the air and the balloon takes up displaces less and less water the more it gets crushed, which is a terrifying thought that the deeper you go the more you start to drop like a stone to the bottom
@@DounutCereal Maybe someone should have told Stockton Rush about that.
If you guys are interested, I could do a follow up test later with the balloon free floating in the chamber. Theoretically, once the weight of the displaced volume of water by the collapse balloon is lower than the weight of the balloon rubber, we should see it start to sink if the balloon rubber has a specific gravity greater than 1.
@@TheDropzoneChannel it doesn't have a specific gravity of less than 1, this vid shows that since there is no sinking at all as the gas compresses under the water pressure. The compression most definitely reached the point where the gas buoyancy in water was less than the weight of the rubber.
@@DounutCereal Correct. The buoyancy goes down. A lot. Equal to the volume change in percent. So the first ten meters are the most noticeable. After that the percentile change drops rapidly until you only get minute changes in buoyancy the deeper you go.
But yes, that is EXACTLY the problem why you as a diver ALWAYS have to check your depth gauge regularly, especially in areas with great depth but also great visibility. The change in light in those areas is virtually impossible to notice in the first 40 meters. However your sink rate goes faster and faster. When you notice your depth gauge to drop rapidly, check if your bouyancy compensator is still holding air. If not, your in a LOT of trouble. That's the time you have to think about shedding your ballast AND carefully, very, very carefully inflating your diving vest. Because once you've reached a certain point of depth the buoyancy in your vest won't be enough to keep you neutral if you are still carrying ballast/lead. Very dangerous indeed.
But if you DO drop your ballast you also have to be extremely (!) careful about ascending again because you have nothing to keep you down once the vest starts to inflate again as soon as you begin to ascend and the pressure drops. The higher you go, the faster the percentile increase in volume, thus buoyancy, making it more and more difficult to keep under water. Which may result in hyperbaric pressure accidents, which are the absolute number one killer in diving accidents. The bends are mild compared to that; hyperbaric accidents kill more reliably.
How does that pressure chamber work? I've never seen anything like it before
very good
Great work. This is fascinating. Have you tried dry ice at those pressures?
Thanks! Not yet. It's on the list.
Does the amount of lift remain the same?
I suppose your meters have never heard of decimals. LMAO
Was waiting for the balloon to pop at the end from the small amount of gas bening concentrated on a really small point, stretching the balloon in that small part
Cool
Jeff, do a video where you test different water bottles….yeti vs Stanley vs hydro flask and so on.
Yep. I'm going to be comparing a Yeti Rambler 18oz vs Hydro Flask 18oz in the episodes coming soon. I don't think the Stanley would be able to handle the pressures because of their lid mechanism.
Interesting that the air in the water was clinging to the ballon at the end, in little bubbles all over the surface.
can you do a helium vs sulfur hexafluoride video
I have a project and I can' find an answer to it.......what will air expand to if you heat it in a sealed container from ambient 25 deg C to 100 deg C?
This was very interesting. I expected the ballon to pop like the Titan sub.
How deep would you have to go for the gas to liquify? Or would that also require lowering the temperature?
Interesting question. My first thought was that since the gas is in a flexible container it can't really be liquified this way. I think.
Butane would be a good gas to test as it liquifies easily.
Compressing air causes it to heat up, however if constrained it will liquify as it cannot expand.
Unless the water surrounding the air counts as the non-compressable container.
I imagine it would need compressed more than this test rig can do. SCUBA air cylinders (the high pressure steel ones we used) are pressurised to up to 250 bar, the pressure equivalent of 2.5km deep in the ocean and the air is still gaseous, you could tip the cylinder upside down, open the valve and only air would come out.
I presume the compressed air heated up as it it got squeezed, and similarly cooled once the pressure was reduced?
Why did bubbles form on the outside of the balloon, as you depressurized the chamber? Was there still some air in the system, before you pressurized it? If you filled the balloon with a mixture of fuel and air, would the mixture reach its auto ignition pressure (don't try this at home)?
...they condensed from being dissolved in the water. That's how fish breath. If he boiled the water first before filling the chamber with it that would drive the dissolved gasses out and you wouldn't have the bubbles forming.
Where did the air bubbles come from? And why did they stick to the outside of the balloon?
how deep does the baloon need to be to burst? could you test that?
I was surprised how far down daylight zone was.
What would happen if the balloon was filled with a gas that liquified under pressure (with the appropriate temperature needed for liquefaction). Im guessing the balloon would still look the about same-shrunken volume and all?
During deep dive traing we had to take a plastic coke bottom down to 80 feet to see the air compression then fill it with tank air and bring it up to see the expansion of air (or to show why you don't holdpyouur breath coming up)
This may be a really stupid question, but where does the air go?
Yeah, that's pretty much what I thought.
Can't you also tell that the gas is still in the compressed balloon because the balloon stays upright rather than floating around from it's tether? My degree isn't in science, and it's been several decades since I've been in school, but it just seems to me that it's upright position, although compressed, demonstrates the presence of air still inside it. Is that correct?
I want you to do a video where you do fluorescent and incandescent light bulbs
I've seen this before, when I swam in really cold water
OK. Why were there air bubbles on the outside of the balloon when the pressure was released? The rest was simple to figure out.
Where did all the bubbles on the outside of the ballon come from? I suggest that some came from gas squeezed out of the ballon.
Madre mía qué interesante...
Balloons are elastic.
Why did it not reduce back down to its normal unblown small state?
R
I'd like to see a balloon inflated in Death Valley and carried to Pikes Peak.
great video! something seems to be wrong with the lighting though when you're standing in front of the board.
Thanks! I think the black shirt and black board is throwing off the metering on the camera. I'll get that issue fixed.
@@TheDropzoneChannel You build this with your own money AND can do a/v?
Subbed and watched all videos.
Probably the newest channel I've followed (beats 2 months). I prefer not to sub 100k+ channels, by that point any Sub, Like or Comment is just lost in a sea of mediocre. Will watch such videos though.
Thanks! I'm going to be in the hole for a while so I'll need all the support I can get... lol@@Vicus_of_Utrecht
the video does seem to randomly get lighter and darker when you are by the board
@@TheDropzoneChannel Wear a shirt that's 18% grey.
What happens if you put a fresh chicken, or a large cube of ice?
What happens if you put a:
- fresh chicken
- large cube of ice
- soap bar
- cork
I think that nothing will happen to the ice cube (other than some melting).
But, I am not a scientist, and I can only guess.
That is why the carbon composite submersible Titan imploded! 😒
I am happy not to be subjected to such pressures.
it's amazing it doesn't sink.. I guess the balloon rubber is less dense than the water? Or maybe it would have to go even deeper to have the air soooo compressed that it simply doesn't occupy the volume needed to float?
you should totally do a video where you get a Cartesian diver effect.. but only when it's really deep..
What I want to know is what would happen if you pulled this dude into the deep ocean by those gigantic ears?
wow i did not know air could compress that much
Did he say he filled the balloon with "mountain hot air"?
OK, so what happens if you do this with a balloon full of water.
Do a titan submersible
that is what happens to a humans lungs if you try diving without airtanks or go to deep.
I wasn't expecting it to slowly squish. thank you for videoing my suggestion.
it didn't burst?? :I dang it
Exept that you are not pulling down the baloon. Try that to see the difference :)
😊
It squeezed some of the air out the pores of the ballon.
My only issue would mixing Imperial units [pounds per square inch] and IS units [litres].... why not use Pascals , which is one newton per square metre (N/m2), which is an SI unit?
No difference between balloon and that Titanic sub..
This guy probably thinks he is so cool with his equipment and his experiments...
Guess what?
I am extremely jealous!
🤔
3000 psi 😅😅😅
styrofoam!!!!!
extra points for carved styrofoam..
make miniature models..
Stupid!
A pressure chamber is NOT pulling something, except legs. 🙄
The force pulling down versus the need to float pops the balloon.
All my physics professors were weirdos too.
"Pulling" a baloon? It does not compute. Invalid title, video is unwatchable.
Hitting the sauce early, eh?
eh come on now. you would pull it down into the ocean otherwise it would float away.
You, sir, are the very model of a modern major nincompoop.
@@Vicus_of_Utrecht Just calling out something dumb that should've never made it's way to my home page to begin with.
nice! how about doing a water-balloon?
Thanks for the suggestion! That's not a bad idea just to get a comparison. I should've done that with this episode... I'll try and incorporate that in a future video, something filled with air and then with water.
@@TheDropzoneChannel I second this request!
Put a dash of Diesel in the baloon