I just bought 5 liters of Nitric acid. I wish I had seen your video a few days ago. Next time I buy glassware. I had no idea the yield was so high. This makes it worthwhile.
Just a tip for the future you can actually save that sodium bisulfate, react it with sodium nitrate to make....more nitric acid. NurdRage has a very good how to video on it.
Fuming Nitric acid is at minimum, 85% pure. With your method, it's likely around 95% pure (or more). This is how I make my nitric acid for gold refining and I consistently hover around the 97%-98% mark using Potassium nitrate.
Absolutely bro! You are my hero. Long time ago, when I was in the army, my training officer mentioned that supply of saltpeter was cut off. So america made nitrogen from algae harvested from the shores of California. At the end of the war, there was a huge surplus which was later used as fertilizer thus the inception of America's weight problem. Can you investigate that algea Thanks
I did some nitric acid s few years. But because of life duties it all was left laying around for a few years and the hose and clip were all fragile and decaying because the acid released in the air ruining anything it could touch. Great video and good idea to use motor oil i have more then enough that
The purpose of the oil bath is to moderate Heat which it does through its Mass which you unfortunately left out of yours giving you probably couldn't get a single cup of oil in your tiny Reservoir so your reaction vessel might as well be sitting on the hot plate. Get a bigger Reservoir and use more oil and you won't be having that problem
resistance hot wire no2 in closed chamber with water bubbling through, same for so2 gas but burning from pure sulfur, or just mined ore sulfides roasted and water bubble filtered. hot air route is pure air, and mined rock is from some dump.
sodium bisulfate is much cheaper than sulfuric acid drain cleaner, a lot safer to store and handle too check the pool section for pH reducer nurdrage has a video on the process
@@raymondreyes8046 As a hot oil bath for the reaction flask. It works. If you have a proper heating mantle then by all means use it instead. A hot plate a pot and some oil is a workable substitute if you are on a budget.
@@omegageek64 I just tried a practice run of distillation of nitric acid. 60ml of sulphuric acid and 80g of potassium nitrate and I'm left with a Lil beaker óf a clear liquid with no smell, fumes and didn't react when put in a piece of copper. But the solid waste in the boiling , I forget the name of it, well it smells like nitric acid and I think I seen fumes. So 8 ask y'all wtf?
It can be dangerous as ot may decompose violently, particularly when distilling the nitric acid off from the mixture. Avoid presence of any ammonium salts as they react with nitrous gases, convert ammonium nitrate into calcium nitrate with CaO/Ca(OH)2, liberating the Ammonia as NH3.
real question is how much did you pay for Sulfuric Acid, Sodium Nitrate, Electricity cost of heating, waste disposal.... to get 1000 mL of diluted Nitric Acid? Seems like the cost is significant
To answer your question, 1 gallon of sulfuric is $26.99, sodium nitrate is $30 for 10 lbs and electricity varies by state but for me if I run it during the daytime my solar panels will cover it. Not much waste in this particular process.
this isnt RFNA yet, theres still like 10%-15% water still in the nitric acid, to make it RFNA you need to redistill it with more concentrated sulfuric acid, as RFNA is basically anhydrous nitric acid, and it fumes like crazy.
Why in the world would you cover the entire apparatus with aluminum foil? The foil is used on the boiling flask up to the condenser. It’s meant keep them hot enough for the nitric acid(or whatever else you chose to distill)to remain as a gas until it reaches the condenser. Trapping the heat from the condenser on defeats the purpose of it, which is to cool the gas so it changes back to a liquid. And you should always seal the joints of the lab glass with concentrated sulfuric acid when distilling nitric acid. Also they sell gloves on Amazon that nitric acid or any other chemical won’t react with.
Plastic parts and pieces for chemistry are heat resistant, unless they are from a bad/cheap company. I placed a media storage bottle with a plastic lip close to a flame for about 15 minutes and it didn’t melt at all, so the material of the clips or plugs should be the same.
@ 7:18 + you mention your reagents were not "perfectly dry." My question since you do not show the reagents you are using, I am assuming you are using the "dry" method? Or did you mean to say your H2SO4 was not pure? Actually, one more question lol. What would happen if sodium chloride came into contact with the distillation gas? I ask this in the thought of using iced water with some salt to further drop the temperature in the condensation tube.
The sulfuric acid I am using is commercial drain opener. It is likely no more than 98% acid, since that is where it forms an azotrope with water, and getting acid drier than that takes a lot of effort that isn't needed for drain opener. It also has added buffers to prevent the acid from attacking metal pipes, further reducing the purity. So maybe 97% on a good day? I have also taken no special steps to dry the sodium nitrate prills I am using. I'm sure they contain a bit of moisture.
No, I got it through Amazon. It did come from China though. I'm pretty happy with it. I did buy a larger boiling flask to make larger batches of acid. I believe it came from the same company.
I'm trying to but the fitting on my submersible pump is too big for the rubber hose. Any idea on where I can get something that'll reduce the size to fit?
I'm almost ready to do it. I don't have a flask connected at the end of condenser just an attachment that will drip in to a small beaker. But an ice bath still? Now I'm looking for a recipe that works. So any suggestions?
These hotplates are good for making Ramen noodles but not for cooking nitric acid. The temperature control is very poor. Treat yourself to a professional hotplate /stirrer. You can thank me later. Thanks for the vid, very informative
I'm not sure I understand what's going on here.... Why are you distilling it just to turn around and dilute it again? What am I missing to make this make sense?
I am not distilling acid, I'm creating acid. It comes out of the reaction as a vapor and needs to be condensed. It is nearly 100% pure red fuming nitric acid, which is difficult and dangerous to handle. Diluting it to the 68% azeotrope makes it less dangerous.
you cant concentrate nitric acid to over 68% threw distillation also you never discarded the initial watered down acid that came off so im guessing ur acid is only around 50% so there will be no watering it down to azeotropic its already less that
I am not concentrating nitric acid, I am creating it. The reactants used have no more than a few percent water in them, so the resulting nitric acid has no more than a few percent water in it. This is one way nearly pure nitric acid is made.
@@omegageek64 you still can not get better than azeotropic HNO3 through distillation so you would not want to water it down unless you want less than 68% HNO3
@@Insutama I'm thinking that you aren't fully grasping what is going on. I am not distilling the acid. I am creating nearly 100% pure nitric acid in the boiling flask. The acid comes off as a vapor. The distillation apparatus is merely to condense it to a liquid. There is no water in the boiling flask. The only two ingredients in there, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate, each only contain trace amounts of moisture. This is a textbook method of creating nearly pure nitric acid. Nitric acid can be distilled at any concentration, but you are correct that distillation alone cannot increase the concentration above the 68% azeotrope. That's not a problem in this case.
@@omegageek64 Sodium nitrate contains large amounts of water. Just like Epsom salt, it is a solid but is actually mostly water. Copper sulfate pentahydrate is 5 water molecules for every copper sulfate molecule, and it is a bright blue crystal. Not adding extra water to it doesn't mean there is no water forming when the Hydrogen and Oxygen bonds break. Most of what you post here is WRONG and DANGEROUS if someone takes you seriously.
You can wear gloves when working with nitric acid -- you just need the right type of gloves. Vinyl is relatively safe as well as rubber. The acid will eventually eat through the vinyl but it won't catch fire as with nitrile gloves.
I just bought 5 liters of Nitric acid. I wish I had seen your video a few days ago. Next time I buy glassware. I had no idea the yield was so high. This makes it worthwhile.
alternatives to nitric acid are 35% H2O2 which is purchaseable and sodium chlorate which is easy to make by the kg
Just a tip for the future you can actually save that sodium bisulfate, react it with sodium nitrate to make....more nitric acid. NurdRage has a very good how to video on it.
Yes, I figured that out a while ago. I need to make an updated video.
NurdRages videos are a 1000 times better than omegageek's ones!
You have convinced me on this subject. You make a great case in your introduction to this video.
Fuming Nitric acid is at minimum, 85% pure. With your method, it's likely around 95% pure (or more). This is how I make my nitric acid for gold refining and I consistently hover around the 97%-98% mark using Potassium nitrate.
Absolutely bro! You are my hero.
Long time ago, when I was in the army, my training officer mentioned that supply of saltpeter was cut off. So america made nitrogen from algae harvested from the shores of California.
At the end of the war, there was a huge surplus which was later used as fertilizer thus the inception of America's weight problem. Can you investigate that algea
Thanks
I did some nitric acid s few years. But because of life duties it all was left laying around for a few years and the hose and clip were all fragile and decaying because the acid released in the air ruining anything it could touch. Great video and good idea to use motor oil i have more then enough that
The purpose of the oil bath is to moderate Heat which it does through its Mass which you unfortunately left out of yours giving you probably couldn't get a single cup of oil in your tiny Reservoir so your reaction vessel might as well be sitting on the hot plate.
Get a bigger Reservoir and use more oil and you won't be having that problem
I like the silicone baced break fluid for oil , non flammable.
resistance hot wire no2 in closed chamber with water bubbling through, same for so2 gas but burning from pure sulfur, or just mined ore sulfides roasted and water bubble filtered. hot air route is pure air, and mined rock is from some dump.
Teflon thread tape will work well for saving your clips, and the ring for your thermometer
sodium bisulfate is much cheaper than sulfuric acid drain cleaner, a lot safer to store and handle too
check the pool section for pH reducer
nurdrage has a video on the process
13:05 By all means, you SHOULD wear GLOVES when working with strong nitric acid - but not nitrile gloves. Use neoprene gloves instead.
I,m going to do the same too, people are making a kill selling it to us thinking we make a lot off gold recovery.
What other kinds of oils can be used for the oil bath
“I’m shocked! SHOCKED!!
Well… not THAT shocked…” ~ Fry 😉
Where do the hoses go to and for what? Also what kind of oil
The hoses are used to supply cooling water to the condenser. I have had good luck using synthetic motor oil.
Synthetic motor oil?!
@@raymondreyes8046 As a hot oil bath for the reaction flask. It works. If you have a proper heating mantle then by all means use it instead. A hot plate a pot and some oil is a workable substitute if you are on a budget.
@@omegageek64 I just tried a practice run of distillation of nitric acid. 60ml of sulphuric acid and 80g of potassium nitrate and I'm left with a Lil beaker óf a clear liquid with no smell, fumes and didn't react when put in a piece of copper. But the solid waste in the boiling , I forget the name of it, well it smells like nitric acid and I think I seen fumes. So 8 ask y'all wtf?
From what I understand about you build a pid control box for your heat regulator.
i wonder amonium nitrat is good for making nitric acid?
Yes, you can use it as well.
It can be dangerous as ot may decompose violently, particularly when distilling the nitric acid off from the mixture. Avoid presence of any ammonium salts as they react with nitrous gases, convert ammonium nitrate into calcium nitrate with CaO/Ca(OH)2, liberating the Ammonia as NH3.
Red fuming nitric acid is nitric acid above 86% so you're below 86 rather than above 90 but how much below 86?
real question is how much did you pay for Sulfuric Acid, Sodium Nitrate, Electricity cost of heating, waste disposal.... to get 1000 mL of diluted Nitric Acid? Seems like the cost is significant
To answer your question, 1 gallon of sulfuric is $26.99, sodium nitrate is $30 for 10 lbs and electricity varies by state but for me if I run it during the daytime my solar panels will cover it. Not much waste in this particular process.
this isnt RFNA yet, theres still like 10%-15% water still in the nitric acid, to make it RFNA you need to redistill it with more concentrated sulfuric acid, as RFNA is basically anhydrous nitric acid, and it fumes like crazy.
What sucks is the companys wont sell you any if you dont have a business account and a store front because they dont ship to residence .
You may have said it but how much nitric acid does 5lbs of sodium nitrate yield? May have missed it. Best price I found is 4.50$/lb
He used about a half a pound of sodium nitrate and yielded about 100 ml of nitric acid before dilution
@@ryanallen1014 thank you sir, so about 1L of fuming nitric from 5 pounds. Do you happen to know if you yield more or less converting to azeotropic?
Why in the world would you cover the entire apparatus with aluminum foil? The foil is used on the boiling flask up to the condenser. It’s meant keep them hot enough for the nitric acid(or whatever else you chose to distill)to remain as a gas until it reaches the condenser. Trapping the heat from the condenser on defeats the purpose of it, which is to cool the gas so it changes back to a liquid. And you should always seal the joints of the lab glass with concentrated sulfuric acid when distilling nitric acid. Also they sell gloves on Amazon that nitric acid or any other chemical won’t react with.
How did the plastic parts hold up?
I'm about to buy a setup but all the plugs and clips are plastic. And I'm curios how they did
Plastic parts and pieces for chemistry are heat resistant, unless they are from a bad/cheap company. I placed a media storage bottle with a plastic lip close to a flame for about 15 minutes and it didn’t melt at all, so the material of the clips or plugs should be the same.
@@combustionconnoisseur1768 Buy metal clips, the plastic ones on the reaction flask degrade.
Belle vidéo 😊
@ 7:18 + you mention your reagents were not "perfectly dry."
My question since you do not show the reagents you are using, I am assuming you are using the "dry" method?
Or did you mean to say your H2SO4 was not pure?
Actually, one more question lol.
What would happen if sodium chloride came into contact with the distillation gas? I ask this in the thought of using iced water with some salt to further drop the temperature in the condensation tube.
The sulfuric acid I am using is commercial drain opener. It is likely no more than 98% acid, since that is where it forms an azotrope with water, and getting acid drier than that takes a lot of effort that isn't needed for drain opener. It also has added buffers to prevent the acid from attacking metal pipes, further reducing the purity. So maybe 97% on a good day? I have also taken no special steps to dry the sodium nitrate prills I am using. I'm sure they contain a bit of moisture.
As for your second question, I think you'd get a weak, salty, very dilute, nitric acid.
@@omegageek64 NOWHERE near 98%. That would be fuming sulfuric acid and higher concentration than battery acid. Drain cleaner is under 20%.
@@excitedbox5705 sulfuric acid drain cleaner is in the range of 90-95%
@@excitedbox5705 drain cleaner is in the 90s percentage wise. It's written on the bottle.
Sombody try to mix kno3 with hcl to make Aqua regia ?
is that from changshu deshem store in aliexpress ?
No, I got it through Amazon. It did come from China though. I'm pretty happy with it. I did buy a larger boiling flask to make larger batches of acid. I believe it came from the same company.
I like the way Americans say bottle like "borrel"
What kind of oil did you use to heat the mixture with?
Vegetable oil or unscented baby oil both work fine.
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252so vegetable oil works?
@@raymondreyes8046 absolutely
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252what about peanut oil?
@@raymondreyes8046 anything with a smoke point high enough for the heating needed.
Run ice water through your condenser , don't wrap it in foil, and put your receiving flask in an ice bath. You'll get a better yield.
For reals?
@@raymondreyes8046 yes
I'm trying to but the fitting on my submersible pump is too big for the rubber hose. Any idea on where I can get something that'll reduce the size to fit?
@@raymondreyes8046 should be able to find fittings that will work at any hardware store with a plumbing section
I'm almost ready to do it. I don't have a flask connected at the end of condenser just an attachment that will drip in to a small beaker. But an ice bath still? Now I'm looking for a recipe that works. So any suggestions?
These hotplates are good for making Ramen noodles but not for cooking nitric acid. The temperature control is very poor. Treat yourself to a professional hotplate /stirrer. You can thank me later.
Thanks for the vid, very informative
I used to have one but it broke then I bought a cheap one. Big mistake!🤦
I keep expecting the Breaking Bad music 😂
I'm not sure I understand what's going on here....
Why are you distilling it just to turn around and dilute it again?
What am I missing to make this make sense?
I am not distilling acid, I'm creating acid. It comes out of the reaction as a vapor and needs to be condensed. It is nearly 100% pure red fuming nitric acid, which is difficult and dangerous to handle. Diluting it to the 68% azeotrope makes it less dangerous.
you cant concentrate nitric acid to over 68% threw distillation also you never discarded the initial watered down acid that came off so im guessing ur acid is only around 50% so there will be no watering it down to azeotropic its already less that
I am not concentrating nitric acid, I am creating it. The reactants used have no more than a few percent water in them, so the resulting nitric acid has no more than a few percent water in it. This is one way nearly pure nitric acid is made.
@@omegageek64 you still can not get better than azeotropic HNO3 through distillation so you would not want to water it down unless you want less than 68% HNO3
@@Insutama I'm thinking that you aren't fully grasping what is going on. I am not distilling the acid. I am creating nearly 100% pure nitric acid in the boiling flask. The acid comes off as a vapor. The distillation apparatus is merely to condense it to a liquid. There is no water in the boiling flask. The only two ingredients in there, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate, each only contain trace amounts of moisture. This is a textbook method of creating nearly pure nitric acid. Nitric acid can be distilled at any concentration, but you are correct that distillation alone cannot increase the concentration above the 68% azeotrope. That's not a problem in this case.
This method makes RFNA/WFNA, nearly 100% HNO3, bp 83C. There is no azeotropic distillation.
@@omegageek64 Sodium nitrate contains large amounts of water. Just like Epsom salt, it is a solid but is actually mostly water. Copper sulfate pentahydrate is 5 water molecules for every copper sulfate molecule, and it is a bright blue crystal. Not adding extra water to it doesn't mean there is no water forming when the Hydrogen and Oxygen bonds break.
Most of what you post here is WRONG and DANGEROUS if someone takes you seriously.
Dirt cheap, sodium nitrate? Where please ?
Fertilizer. I got a 4 pound bag for 8 bucks at a garden store. But potassium nitrate stump remover will also work.
Is this video sponsored by the USPS?
I guess the real gold is nitric acid😅 imagine the profit you can make from selling it
Say thank you to your UPS or FedEx guy
Good job bud! Be safe and don’t wear gloves around nitric acid.
You can wear gloves when working with nitric acid -- you just need the right type of gloves. Vinyl is relatively safe as well as rubber. The acid will eventually eat through the vinyl but it won't catch fire as with nitrile gloves.