I've enjoyed covering these forgotten campaigns on the edges of the "known world". What other such wars of expedictions would you like us to explore next?
It's not a war of expeditions, but I'd like to see your take on the Roman governors/generals in Britannia that would rebel and take all the Legions stationed there with them and march on Rome. (Although most never made it that far) Thus they had a massive amount of men which was easily able to be a threat to Rome. Albinus was the first or one of the first I believe, during the reign of Septimius Severus but others did the same in later times. Cheers!
@zippyparakeet1074 Several parts of the coastline (mostly marshy parts) have been reclaimed from the sea since. It's most noticeable here in the central Netherlands and in "the Wash", which is the large bay just above East Anglia on the East Coast of England, which is now a lot smaller.
I mean the IX legion literally disappears from Roman records shortly after this campaign. They were probably so badly mauled that the powers that be eventually decided to merge them into another legion rather than reconstitute them. They just vanish without a trace, without any Roman commanders even being blamed for their loss. No excuses or justifications given just gone. They must have been so few that they were quietly and without fuss merged into an existing force. It's the only explanation that satisfies. So yes I'm saying the camp attack was a lot worse than the romans claim.
@@Hess512 you're incorrect, though your interpretation was widely held due to folks like Theodor Mommsen working with what evidence they had. The IX suffered terribly in Britain, both during Boudica's rebellion and the siege of their fort in York. They survived both though, and rebuilt their fort. The problem with tracking legions is they are disbanded and formed based on needs and resources. The XI was present in the Netherlands after Britain though. Folks argued about it being just a detachment, but senior officers can be placed there, and years later publicly/politically, so the idea of them vanishing is nonsense. Most likely, the legion had another bad encounter against Germanic tribes or during the next Judean rebellion, and they were disbanded before 197AD.
A shame that, that is how one of Pompeys best Spanish legions was eventually, slowly grated away. Might be 7th &8th that are pompeys, certainly legio I was his best
2:50 It's quite hilarious how many British productions are obsessed with Boudica and portray her revolution as one of the most significant moments in Roman history, when the Empire was constantly fighting barbarian rebellions as violent and important as hers 😅
@@TetsuShima Ah okay, that's not so hypocritical then maybe lol :) I was just going to say the whole modern German cultural identity is founded on Herman/Arminius. In France too, you can't go ten feet without bumping into a statue of Vercingetorix or various other Gauls! Don't they have a statue to Viriathus in Zamora though?
@@vardekpetrovic9716 you realize, it is impossible to create an empire without assimilation and migration right? Just ask the natives about those pesky euros
@@vardekpetrovic9716 but keep in mind this is also happening to European countries that never had colonialism. Take Ireland for example. In 2023 the most popular baby name in Dublin was Muhammad, how progressive right? But not only was Ireland not a colonial power, they WERE brutally colonized by the English.
I've no doubt Agricola was great general but I do want to point out that Tacitus, our main historian for all this, was his son-in-law, so we should take his always glowing conduct with a bit of salt. Of course Tacitus was going to do his damnest to increase his own family's prestige.
Caledonia. Defeated but never conquered 🏴 Regarding the casualty figures, we can’t even get accurate figures in a world with computers and satellite comms, what makes anyone think a pro Roman historian would bec any different? History is indeed written by the victors.
Agreed. Mention is rarely given how densely forrested Caledonia was, and how effective the Caledonians/Picts were at guerilla warfare. Agricolas battle, was effectively a push and shove match. The Caledonians didn't want to go down the hills and the Romans didn't want to go up and get ambushed in the woods. The tongue bath Tacitus gives his dad in-law Agricola makes me more than dubious of the account. There certainly was a clash, but whether or not it was as decisive as said, should be up for debate. I've seen someone write, after this "drawn" battle Agricola would have simply hold up in his forts and waited for the tribesmen to disperse, due to their lack of logistic support. Eventually, those hardest hit by the Roman engagements, invariably those in coastal settlements, would come to terms and allow trade, forts etc in their area. Not quite as spectacular as Agricolas version.
@@carlwoods4564 still our ancestors were not exactly going to call ourself Picts are we ?! But it’s our ancestors who made the Scottish 🏴 So shhhhhhh
@@paultyson4389 as shit as Domitian did the Dacians....he is the ONLY Emperor in the ENTIRE HISTORY OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE to address and fix inflation. the ONLY Emperor to do so.
Great production covering this part of Roman history. Saw HistoryMarche recently did a similar video covering Agricola's campaign into Scotland and how both geopolitical factors & lack of manpower forced Rome to abandon their conquest of the Picts.
29:14 If you have ever visited Scotland you would know simple answer to this … It’s a Barron unforgiving hell in the winter … And in Summer you would be eaten alive by the Great Scottish Midges 🦟… Most inhospitable
I swear I live in the matrix just yesterday I was looking up videos about the Roman invasion of Scotland to see if what I was doing in total war had any historical context so I could use the correct legions and now today invicta posts a vid about that very topic
Good podcast. Mons Graupius is regarded by many as the small mountain of Bennachie, NE of Inverurie, Aberdeenshire. The depiction of Mons G. is very similar!
Extremely interesting. Very informative as it helps one to see just how complete Roman Britain was and how difficult the Scots to the North must have been. Many thanks. Loved it!
Hi I am from Aberdeenshire I know where the battle was, we all do here On the slopes of Bennachie I can see it from my living room window 🪟 From there the legions marched to Nairn killing and burning everything 🔥 as they did back then A very well produced well narrated,accurate we film thanks for sharing ❤🏴🇬🇧
@@graemecampbell2604 you know when they tell us lies if you live in scotland,not 1 of them mentioned the best warriors in scotland ,the MIDGIE 🤣🤣🤣,a few romans in boats sailed round the coastline trying to figure out how u get in ,hahahaaha
Yeah, I had a class on the history of Ancient Warfare and there was a bit about Tacitus and his quote about the auxiliaries not being 'cannon-fodder'... Apparently Agricola I guess was Tacitus' father-in-law so it was kinda a personal subject for him in that way... But yeah, does kinda seem like the auxiliaries were not cannon-fodder in that in various battles I think they actually played key roles in that their light armor enabled them to move through rough terrain areas more easily than other more heavily armored Roman forces... Like one example I think being a battle where they moved through some swamp area quickly? I forget the details...
I live in Midlothian and there is this local legend about a Roman Battalion that apparently vanished, there was supposedly fighting off them like as ghosts emerging from a field as I would assume vegetation would have built up after so long and then I found out that a story like this is actually supposedly true and it’s the Lothians region, where I live is where they are supposed to have vanished, like 40,000 not even a scout got back the entire company just simply vanished, it was a mystery, anyway, it was interesting that local legend was always passed on over the centuries and historically it actually has some substance to it, I know the exact area the helmets are supposed to emerge from the foggy moonlight ground
Running for the hills seems like the better option, unless they moved into the roman territory. I wonder how the hell they managed to hold the whole night on that ambush. 13:00
8:40 do you mean decimated or obliterated? With the Roman's there's a clear difference and so if you mean obliterated, I would abstain from using decimated for this meaning
Would love to see you do battle of the 5 armies from the hobbit. It irritated the heck out of me the elves jumping in front of the shield wall. I was hoping something closer to the movie troy with a super hard to break shield wall while the archers massacre the large army.
Great job. This is the kind of stuff that made me a fan of your work many years ago. I especially like the lack of that somewhat childish style of animation u picked up some years ago. In any case, I thoroughly enjoyed!
@Invicta, You didn't discuss the only act of Genocide in Scotland, committed by the Romans."Dumyat (Dun Maeatae) which dominates the Forth crossings at Stirling. I have written before about the Maeatae and how their defiance of the Roman Empire resulted in Scotland’s only recorded genocide. " - Stirling Archaeology.
28:50 Domitian, who didn't have as many military victories under his belt as his brother and father, was probably getting antsy about this hot new general and his military exploits shadowing even Caesar’s' in the region. Also keep in mind that this was barely over two decades after the year of 4 emperors crisis, so popular generals in fringe provinces overthrowing the current emperor wasn't exactly a foreign concept. That's how his dynasty got into power in the first place 😅
I feel the most telling aspect of Romes 'defeat' was the low value of the conquered land. I have been all up and down the east coast (and the west) and the terrain is MAMBA (miles and miles of bugger all). There was a bit of gold mining in the north of England but apart from the Scottish midlands (that became Glasgow, Edinburgh and the central belt of Scotland) had little to offer. The Scottish midlands though initially fairly swampy was fantasticlly fertile once drained.
Petillius Cerialis not only 'pacified' the Brigantes tribe, in what is now Yorkshire and Durham but founded York 'Eburacum' and had the road constructed over the Pennines and could have 'pacified' the Carvetii of the Lake district. All this could have 'had quite an effect' on the tribes to the north, such as the Votadini, between the Tyne and the Forth, who became willing allies of the Romans and could have been a Roman creation! Oh, and don't forget the recent discovery of a ferocious siege of the Novantae at their possible "oppidum" of Burnswark that involved masses of lead slingshots! Check out the latest edition of "Current Archaeology".
The Druids and Druidesses of Mona didn't peacefully surrender in 79 AD. My sources paint a different picture. The Romans MASSACRED the people of Mona. Peacefully surrendering? Hmmph . There was no one left alive to surrender.
The druids were performing a ritual when the Romans arrived and it terrified them. Their generals had to force them to push forward, and some legends say that the druids didn't fight back, because they were offering themselves as a human sacrifice, the most powerful offering in the ancient Celtic religion, and making the Romans partake in the ritual to kill them. The Romans were incredibly religious and superstitious people. It took a lot to scare them, but that would have absolutely terrified the people there.
Romans: So the Parthians are the horse fuckers, the Carthaginians have elephants, and the Germanians have trees. And what are you supposed to be? Picts: I’M SCOTTISH!
One or two less civil wars and those legions who otherwise would of died in said civil wars could of used the resources of pre civil war Rome to conquer Scotland and perhaps the islands surrounding Scotland like Hebrides and Isle of Mann.
The first exposure to any of this that I ever had was from Monty Python. That’s why I’m apt to break out into cackling laughter during stories of plagues and the horrors of battle and peasantry cuz that’s when a joke finally clicks. ✌️❤️🇺🇸🍿
Romans aren't known for leaving a region they conquered. So my question is this, if Rome conquered Scotland why are there no signs of Roman settlements in Scotland?
Good video but I feel the need to point out a couple of innacuracies. 1) It's unlikely Tacitus completely invented Calgacus's speech at Mons Graupius as he quotes Calgacus telling Agricola "you create a desert and call it peace". It's unlikely he would have made up and put such a scathing criticism in his father in law's biography of his own compulsion. 2) It's less that they chose to withdraw south behind the Antonine Wall and more that they did so with their tails between their legs as they realised the territory could never be held. That's why they undertook the time and effort to lay the foundations of the fort at Stracathro only to abandon it hastily because they couldn't cope with the constant guerilla warfare against them after Mons Graupius.
Mons graupius is a work of fiction invented by agricolas son in law 30 years afterwards. There is no corroborating evidence and no archaeological finds to substantiate this. The local story record provides a great battle at Roman hill near Blairgowrie where the roman army was led onto a flooded area, bogged down in their heavy weapons and slaughtered. Blair is gaelic for battle, there have been roman grave pits found and the nearby fort was hastily abandoned. Hope that helps.
@@colinmacdougall999 Thank you for this comment. It does help. I looked up the learn Gaelic website and indeed battle is one of several meanings of "Blair". The anglicised pronunciation masks the meaning so this very helpful.
Not many historian accept that the circumnavigation actually took place. It was a common Roman symbolic statement of having taken ownership of a territory.
Agricola benefitted from having his personal historian an his son-in-law, Tacitus. To make Agricola appear more exceptional, Tacitus also denigrated Petillius Cerialis, a relative of Vespasian, general, and Governor of Britain. Petillius Cerialis invaded Scotland before Agicola, though not as extensively or well documented.
But you understand she is somewhat exceptional, being a woman. It's often taught in school as it can stimulate a bit of interest from the girls who don't hear about female generals and leaders well, ever. She's also quite compelling, the image of a fiery red haired woman on a chariot is pretty badass. It's like Joan d'arc, truthfully she was a poor general, leading a group of soldiers on a fools attack at Compiégne, she was told not to attack specifically by generals (one of which was a serial killer, fascinating story, not for weak stomach), but she gave a rousing speech, led a charge out the town on open ground against vastly larger force and vastly more guns. Got the men killed and herself captured. Yet she's been immortalised as a hero since her death aged 19?
There was no Scotland then. The Scoti had yet to depart from what is now Northern Ireland for invasion after the Romans left. The Romans were attacking Picts and Brigantes etc.
Imagine being so utterly brutal that the *Romans* decided your land, full of useful metals and resources, _wasn't worth the effort_ to conquer and instead considered it to be more cost effective to just build a giant wall to keep you out. God I love Scotland, a shame to see how much of a whipped dog it has become in today's world.
It was an informative and wonderful historical coverage episode about Romans assaulted on Canadian tribes in Scotland territories during the 7th AD centuries ....thanks 🙏 Invicta channel for sharing
![True Size of a Byzantine Army [c. 900 AD] 3D DOCUMENTARY](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/jE48hMEGlPI/mqdefault.jpg)
I've enjoyed covering these forgotten campaigns on the edges of the "known world". What other such wars of expedictions would you like us to explore next?
Love your videos I hope you guys upload more fantasy
It's not a war of expeditions, but I'd like to see your take on the Roman governors/generals in Britannia that would rebel and take all the Legions stationed there with them and march on Rome. (Although most never made it that far)
Thus they had a massive amount of men which was easily able to be a threat to Rome.
Albinus was the first or one of the first I believe, during the reign of Septimius Severus but others did the same in later times.
Cheers!
Completely agree. This may be the most overused/ least understood word in current parlance. At least on history channels.
campaigns of the early roman republic! i've always been curious how a tiny little tribe of latins expanded to make the Med a roman lake.
Warhammer Fantasy battles would be AMAZING.
The fact the maps on this channel even use the historically accurate coastlines is impressive attention to detail.
Could you please elaborate on this? I'm not as aware of British geography.
@zippyparakeet1074 Several parts of the coastline (mostly marshy parts) have been reclaimed from the sea since. It's most noticeable here in the central Netherlands and in "the Wash", which is the large bay just above East Anglia on the East Coast of England, which is now a lot smaller.
@@AKbamoida you my friend are knowledging all of us with that reply
If that is true why is the Atlantic labeled the Pacific on the map ?
@@squeegle1 I thought you were trolling, but no. It’s true, the Atlantic is indeed labeled as the pacific lmao
I'd make a joke when you said their army was decimated, but only like, 1 in 10 people would get it.
Lol. That's some nice and niche wordplay.
🤣
I immediately clocked this and thought "Oh, that was decent of them."
That's pretty good
Alright, that's a pretty good one
I mean the IX legion literally disappears from Roman records shortly after this campaign. They were probably so badly mauled that the powers that be eventually decided to merge them into another legion rather than reconstitute them. They just vanish without a trace, without any Roman commanders even being blamed for their loss. No excuses or justifications given just gone. They must have been so few that they were quietly and without fuss merged into an existing force. It's the only explanation that satisfies. So yes I'm saying the camp attack was a lot worse than the romans claim.
Yeah, this is one of the things that bug me since we may never know the truth.
I actually genuinely agree with you. @@TheSasudomi
@@Hess512 you're incorrect, though your interpretation was widely held due to folks like Theodor Mommsen working with what evidence they had.
The IX suffered terribly in Britain, both during Boudica's rebellion and the siege of their fort in York. They survived both though, and rebuilt their fort.
The problem with tracking legions is they are disbanded and formed based on needs and resources. The XI was present in the Netherlands after Britain though. Folks argued about it being just a detachment, but senior officers can be placed there, and years later publicly/politically, so the idea of them vanishing is nonsense.
Most likely, the legion had another bad encounter against Germanic tribes or during the next Judean rebellion, and they were disbanded before 197AD.
Only if you count 36 years as shortly, and even then, there's ongoing debate about them still being around into the later 2nd century.
A shame that, that is how one of Pompeys best Spanish legions was eventually, slowly grated away. Might be 7th &8th that are pompeys, certainly legio I was his best
2:50
It's quite hilarious how many British productions are obsessed with Boudica and portray her revolution as one of the most significant moments in Roman history, when the Empire was constantly fighting barbarian rebellions as violent and important as hers 😅
and they got Slaughtered
lol are you German?
@@Christian___
No, iberian
"you've taken everything from me"
"i don't even know who you are"
@@TetsuShima Ah okay, that's not so hypocritical then maybe lol :) I was just going to say the whole modern German cultural identity is founded on Herman/Arminius. In France too, you can't go ten feet without bumping into a statue of Vercingetorix or various other Gauls! Don't they have a statue to Viriathus in Zamora though?
i always like hearing about the lesser known romans
Jesus christ, literally nothing can be discussed without you freaks getting political.
@@vardekpetrovic9716 You mean Europes money owners
@@vardekpetrovic9716 you realize, it is impossible to create an empire without assimilation and migration right? Just ask the natives about those pesky euros
@@vardekpetrovic9716 but keep in mind this is also happening to European countries that never had colonialism. Take Ireland for example. In 2023 the most popular baby name in Dublin was Muhammad, how progressive right? But not only was Ireland not a colonial power, they WERE brutally colonized by the English.
I've no doubt Agricola was great general but I do want to point out that Tacitus, our main historian for all this, was his son-in-law, so we should take his always glowing conduct with a bit of salt. Of course Tacitus was going to do his damnest to increase his own family's prestige.
At the 'Rise of Agricola' section; I'm pretty certain that's not the Pacific Ocean!
I mean, America was not yet discovered so maybe the Pacific just came over?
But it could be because they're using the sensible map of the time since the new world still is centuries from being discovered
But you also have a point because the word pacific was termed by Magellan during his travel and Atlantic would be better
Ah shoot... I forgot to edit that part out
@@InvictaHistory Still a great video mate!
Caledonia. Defeated but never conquered 🏴
Regarding the casualty figures, we can’t even get accurate figures in a world with computers and satellite comms, what makes anyone think a pro Roman historian would bec any different? History is indeed written by the victors.
its also written by literate people. but if scotland wasn't conquered then they werent defeated.
The Scot’s conquered Caledonia .
Agreed. Mention is rarely given how densely forrested Caledonia was, and how effective the Caledonians/Picts were at guerilla warfare. Agricolas battle, was effectively a push and shove match. The Caledonians didn't want to go down the hills and the Romans didn't want to go up and get ambushed in the woods. The tongue bath Tacitus gives his dad in-law Agricola makes me more than dubious of the account. There certainly was a clash, but whether or not it was as decisive as said, should be up for debate. I've seen someone write, after this "drawn" battle Agricola would have simply hold up in his forts and waited for the tribesmen to disperse, due to their lack of logistic support. Eventually, those hardest hit by the Roman engagements, invariably those in coastal settlements, would come to terms and allow trade, forts etc in their area. Not quite as spectacular as Agricolas version.
Has a Scotsman buzzing to watch this 🏴🏴🏴🏴!
The Scots didnt arrive till the 4th century. It was Picts the Romans were fighting and it was called Caledonia, not Scotland.
@@carlwoods4564 still our ancestors were not exactly going to call ourself Picts are we ?! But it’s our ancestors who made the Scottish 🏴
So shhhhhhh
@@carlwoods4564 yappin for the sake of yappin
Aye but still it’s the history of our nation whatever the called themselves they make us Scots proud ! 🏴
@@UR-9820 Its funny how a lot of Scots view English people as a part of these Islands and as "invaders'. Yet you are invaders from Northern Ireland. 🤣
This Agricola character seemed to have his stuff together, he should have been the Emperor...
Yeah, Domitian made a proper mess of the wars against the Dacians. Agricola reminds me of Germanicus.
@@paultyson4389 as shit as Domitian did the Dacians....he is the ONLY Emperor in the ENTIRE HISTORY OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE to address and fix inflation. the ONLY Emperor to do so.
Great production covering this part of Roman history. Saw HistoryMarche recently did a similar video covering Agricola's campaign into Scotland and how both geopolitical factors & lack of manpower forced Rome to abandon their conquest of the Picts.
29:14 If you have ever visited Scotland you would know simple answer to this … It’s a Barron unforgiving hell in the winter … And in Summer you would be eaten alive by the Great Scottish Midges 🦟… Most inhospitable
I like these videos on Rome's forgotten wars
Love ancient scottish history good job nice channel
I swear I live in the matrix just yesterday I was looking up videos about the Roman invasion of Scotland to see if what I was doing in total war had any historical context so I could use the correct legions and now today invicta posts a vid about that very topic
Good podcast. Mons Graupius is regarded by many as the small mountain of Bennachie, NE of Inverurie, Aberdeenshire. The depiction of Mons G. is very similar!
Excellent! Hopefully, you can also cover Septimus Severus' lesser-known campaign soon.
Imagine having Highland Berserkers as Auxiliaries had total conquest occured? That would've been a sight.
Extremely interesting. Very informative as it helps one to see just how complete Roman Britain was and how difficult the Scots to the North must have been. Many thanks. Loved it!
Hi
I am from Aberdeenshire
I know where the battle was, we all do here
On the slopes of Bennachie
I can see it from my living room window 🪟
From there the legions marched to Nairn killing and burning everything 🔥 as they did back then
A very well produced well narrated,accurate we film thanks for sharing ❤🏴🇬🇧
@@delagreenpicti2022 Good for you I guess?
Nonsense. There is no evidence anywhere that the battle took place at all. Apart from a report from his son in law who was in France.
@@graemecampbell2604 you know when they tell us lies if you live in scotland,not 1 of them mentioned the best warriors in scotland ,the MIDGIE 🤣🤣🤣,a few romans in boats sailed round the coastline trying to figure out how u get in ,hahahaaha
@@graemecampbell2604 😂😂
@@LI3TOM3 😂😂
32:10 First time I hear about them! Props to them! Their art is amazing!!!
Yeah, I had a class on the history of Ancient Warfare and there was a bit about Tacitus and his quote about the auxiliaries not being 'cannon-fodder'... Apparently Agricola I guess was Tacitus' father-in-law so it was kinda a personal subject for him in that way... But yeah, does kinda seem like the auxiliaries were not cannon-fodder in that in various battles I think they actually played key roles in that their light armor enabled them to move through rough terrain areas more easily than other more heavily armored Roman forces... Like one example I think being a battle where they moved through some swamp area quickly? I forget the details...
I think you're referring to the Battle of Medway, where the Batavians crossed a river to assault the Briton's chariots.
This area I was told was at bennachie (pretty much in my back garden here in Aberdeenshire) mon the Scot’s
Thank you for the video I appreciate the information and I hope others do as well
As Agricola looked upon Ireland, he spotted 300 Fian Champions returning his gaze while stringing their bows.
- Yeah...maybe some other time.
I live in Midlothian and there is this local legend about a Roman Battalion that apparently vanished, there was supposedly fighting off them like as ghosts emerging from a field as I would assume vegetation would have built up after so long and then I found out that a story like this is actually supposedly true and it’s the Lothians region, where I live is where they are supposed to have vanished, like 40,000 not even a scout got back the entire company just simply vanished, it was a mystery, anyway, it was interesting that local legend was always passed on over the centuries and historically it actually has some substance to it, I know the exact area the helmets are supposed to emerge from the foggy moonlight ground
@darrenhenderson6921 I've seen plenty "helmets " in midlothian especially Dalkeith.
I've seen plenty of "helmets " in midlothian especially in Dalkeith.
@@lookskyewalker I don’t doubt that for a second
I have a video idea. Do a video on what happens in the aftermath of a large 18th century naval battle.
Excellent channel 👏👏👏
Saor Alba
Great video!
What a great documentary, well done.
Funny you would post this! 🤣 I’m currently at a Scottish Games in Orange County, Southern California. 🏴🇺🇸
well done, no ai, thank you
Running for the hills seems like the better option, unless they moved into the roman territory. I wonder how the hell they managed to hold the whole night on that ambush. 13:00
8:40 do you mean decimated or obliterated? With the Roman's there's a clear difference and so if you mean obliterated, I would abstain from using decimated for this meaning
Would love to see you do battle of the 5 armies from the hobbit. It irritated the heck out of me the elves jumping in front of the shield wall. I was hoping something closer to the movie troy with a super hard to break shield wall while the archers massacre the large army.
Is there a playlist of the background music? It's so relaxing!
You just gave me willing to play Rome2 after 2 years of pause.
Great job. This is the kind of stuff that made me a fan of your work many years ago. I especially like the lack of that somewhat childish style of animation u picked up some years ago. In any case, I thoroughly enjoyed!
@Invicta, You didn't discuss the only act of Genocide in Scotland, committed by the Romans."Dumyat (Dun Maeatae) which dominates the Forth crossings at Stirling. I have written before about the Maeatae and how their defiance of the Roman Empire resulted in Scotland’s only recorded genocide. " - Stirling Archaeology.
You guys are amazing, as always.
Good video
Now this is Invicta
28:50 Domitian, who didn't have as many military victories under his belt as his brother and father, was probably getting antsy about this hot new general and his military exploits shadowing even Caesar’s' in the region.
Also keep in mind that this was barely over two decades after the year of 4 emperors crisis, so popular generals in fringe provinces overthrowing the current emperor wasn't exactly a foreign concept. That's how his dynasty got into power in the first place 😅
Great effort, mate. Thanks.
Good job thanks
6:09 Twentieth, not Tenth legion, Valeria Victrix
Great video as always
Huh....I don't remember coming across any of these during my "roman history research" craze.
8:42 did they kill one in every ten rebels?
I feel the most telling aspect of Romes 'defeat' was the low value of the conquered land. I have been all up and down the east coast (and the west) and the terrain is MAMBA (miles and miles of bugger all).
There was a bit of gold mining in the north of England but apart from the Scottish midlands (that became Glasgow, Edinburgh and the central belt of Scotland) had little to offer. The Scottish midlands though initially fairly swampy was fantasticlly fertile once drained.
thats the type of ads that will work on me random interesting books/things. not games like world of conflicts or vpns
Petillius Cerialis not only 'pacified' the Brigantes tribe, in what is now Yorkshire and Durham but founded York 'Eburacum' and had the road constructed over the Pennines and could have 'pacified' the Carvetii of the Lake district.
All this could have 'had quite an effect' on the tribes to the north, such as the Votadini, between the Tyne and the Forth, who became willing allies of the Romans and could have been a Roman creation!
Oh, and don't forget the recent discovery of a ferocious siege of the Novantae at their possible "oppidum" of Burnswark that involved masses of lead slingshots! Check out the latest edition of "Current Archaeology".
Good job! Amazing video!
Really enjoyed this video! Thank you for covering this moment in Rome's history
The Druids and Druidesses of Mona didn't peacefully surrender in 79 AD. My sources paint a different picture. The Romans MASSACRED the people of Mona. Peacefully surrendering? Hmmph . There was no one left alive to surrender.
So basically the Romans left the place in a better state than before.
@@ayuwoki453 G-nocide is not a "better state"
The druids were performing a ritual when the Romans arrived and it terrified them. Their generals had to force them to push forward, and some legends say that the druids didn't fight back, because they were offering themselves as a human sacrifice, the most powerful offering in the ancient Celtic religion, and making the Romans partake in the ritual to kill them. The Romans were incredibly religious and superstitious people. It took a lot to scare them, but that would have absolutely terrified the people there.
@@Game_Herodepends on the skin colour
@@einfachignorieren6156 no, it doesn't. Don't do to others what you wouldn't want others to do to you. We are all human beinga.
Great video. Thanks. Good team
Hadrian's Wall
Hadrian's Wall was build for what reason? Fairy Tale - Theory Fale
good video
Excellent video
Romans: So the Parthians are the horse fuckers, the Carthaginians have elephants, and the Germanians have trees. And what are you supposed to be?
Picts: I’M SCOTTISH!
Yes because no other region has trees except germany lol
11:05 it was at this moment he should have known, he fukt up.
entertaining . dont know how factual it was right enough.
4:35 Tom Holland?
Legio XX was Valeria Victrix
Guys, I have a terminal case of _the Nerd_ . I mistook the Scottish flag in the thumbnail for two blue lightsabers.
A roman jedi would be gnarly
You may have color blindness
😂🔥
@@MisterS. Can confirm, I do.
@mitwhitgaming7722 bit of a weird question but your aren't american by any chance are you?
Excellent reporting tnx
I find history like this very hard to digest…eg 30,000 Roman troops 20 mins in…. It would be impossible to feed them… can’t do this in 2024
Nobody was allowed to tell Hadrian what he can't do. Some armies were much larger. Vids like this never show supply trains tho
did u know that the modern
atlantic was called the pacific.
True story 3:36
One or two less civil wars and those legions who otherwise would of died in said civil wars could of used the resources of pre civil war Rome to conquer Scotland and perhaps the islands surrounding Scotland like Hebrides and Isle of Mann.
Wow the romans fight a lot of celts in the north.
you make a mistake when talking about the 20th legion its not the 10th ..... Legio XX Valeria Victrix your thinking of the X Gemina
The first exposure to any of this that I ever had was from Monty Python. That’s why I’m apt to break out into cackling laughter during stories of plagues and the horrors of battle and peasantry cuz that’s when a joke finally clicks. ✌️❤️🇺🇸🍿
Romans aren't known for leaving a region they conquered. So my question is this, if Rome conquered Scotland why are there no signs of Roman settlements in Scotland?
There are Roman forts all over Scotland. Also the remains of the Antonine wall
@@a11osaurus Where?
@@petermcg-g5u look it up. There are many.
Hadrian is know for that.
Visit the Roman Bath House remains in Bearsden. Also the Antonine Wall remains.
Good video but I feel the need to point out a couple of innacuracies.
1) It's unlikely Tacitus completely invented Calgacus's speech at Mons Graupius as he quotes Calgacus telling Agricola "you create a desert and call it peace". It's unlikely he would have made up and put such a scathing criticism in his father in law's biography of his own compulsion.
2) It's less that they chose to withdraw south behind the Antonine Wall and more that they did so with their tails between their legs as they realised the territory could never be held. That's why they undertook the time and effort to lay the foundations of the fort at Stracathro only to abandon it hastily because they couldn't cope with the constant guerilla warfare against them after Mons Graupius.
Nice!!!
Please make a video on Satavahana Dynasty ❤❤❤
thank you
Mons graupius is a work of fiction invented by agricolas son in law 30 years afterwards. There is no corroborating evidence and no archaeological finds to substantiate this.
The local story record provides a great battle at Roman hill near Blairgowrie where the roman army was led onto a flooded area, bogged down in their heavy weapons and slaughtered. Blair is gaelic for battle, there have been roman grave pits found and the nearby fort was hastily abandoned. Hope that helps.
@@colinmacdougall999 Thank you for this comment. It does help. I looked up the learn Gaelic website and indeed battle is one of several meanings of "Blair". The anglicised pronunciation masks the meaning so this very helpful.
Cavalry are soldiers on horseback
Calvary is a place
most Southerners don’t know the difference !!
Iceni is pronounced with a hard 'c' ( like 'ikeni'). There are no soft c's in the celtic languages!
Not many historian accept that the circumnavigation actually took place. It was a common Roman symbolic statement of having taken ownership of a territory.
each legion contains about 6000 men so that makes the total not 25,000 but 35,000 men
weird to explain a potential argument bias for 5 mins, good vid overall!
what if the romans focused on keeping what they had instead of expanding?
Agricola benefitted from having his personal historian an his son-in-law, Tacitus. To make Agricola appear more exceptional, Tacitus also denigrated Petillius Cerialis, a relative of Vespasian, general, and Governor of Britain. Petillius Cerialis invaded Scotland before Agicola, though not as extensively or well documented.
Bagpipes start playing
Roman army: Why do I hear boss music?
Who writes this stuff. The narration is very poor
But you understand she is somewhat exceptional, being a woman. It's often taught in school as it can stimulate a bit of interest from the girls who don't hear about female generals and leaders well, ever. She's also quite compelling, the image of a fiery red haired woman on a chariot is pretty badass. It's like Joan d'arc, truthfully she was a poor general, leading a group of soldiers on a fools attack at Compiégne, she was told not to attack specifically by generals (one of which was a serial killer, fascinating story, not for weak stomach), but she gave a rousing speech, led a charge out the town on open ground against vastly larger force and vastly more guns. Got the men killed and herself captured. Yet she's been immortalised as a hero since her death aged 19?
the 9th legion was lost in in the north
No it wasnt
I didn't realise that in ancient times the Pacific Ocean was off the coast of Iberia! 😐
As the 80th comment.
I can indeed confirm that it was rather cold, rainy and primitive.
Would see these people as the same as Gauls...
There was no Scotland then. The Scoti had yet to depart from what is now Northern Ireland for invasion after the Romans left. The Romans were attacking Picts and Brigantes etc.
Scotland has been fighting invaders for centuries we are still here free and our culture has not been consumed by others. Floreat Alba
Naw most of our culture got subdued in the last Jacobite war
Lol. The Romans thought what is today England was a waste of resources and further north they went the more they couldnt be bothered.
Pacific ocean?
Imagine being so utterly brutal that the *Romans* decided your land, full of useful metals and resources, _wasn't worth the effort_ to conquer and instead considered it to be more cost effective to just build a giant wall to keep you out.
God I love Scotland, a shame to see how much of a whipped dog it has become in today's world.
God i Love my Country
The romans tried to invade Scotland 3 times and had to withdraw each time.
It was an informative and wonderful historical coverage episode about Romans assaulted on Canadian tribes in Scotland territories during the 7th AD centuries ....thanks 🙏 Invicta channel for sharing
You clubbed me with that joke