Again, Bozeman Science saving me in biology.. As a guy studying Pscyhology, and whom has no experience with biology what so ever I simply could not have done without you! And, also, I learn much better watching your videos than listening to lectures. Thank you, Mr. Andersen!
Mr. Anderson refers to an "A protein" however the A, B, and O antigens are definitely carbohydrates, not protein. Some people in the comments are saying "it is a glycoprotein" however I checked my molecular biology and biochemistry textbooks and they say that the oligosaccharide can be attached to a lipid or a protein. The gene involved in ABO blood types codes for an enzyme (glycosyltransferase) which can add a monosaccharide to the O antigen. If you have the A allele you have the transferase that adds N-acetylgalactosamine to the O antigen. If you have a B allele you have a transferase that adds galactose to the O antigen. People with AB blood type have both transferases and therefore both A antigen and B antigen.
Your high school teaches should be thankful for having you, Paul. I learned more in ten minutes than I did in an entire lecture from my biology professor
This was extremely helpful. Im studying for my PBMT (Perioperative blood management technologist) test and this was so confusing for me to understand when I saw it in my book. This video made it very simple. Thank you! Is there any other videos you would recommend that would be helpful to my studies?
At 8:43 you said during the 1st pregnancy nothing really happened because we're only sending antibodies in one direction from the mother to the baby. Not sure you actually said what you meant to say there, because if the mom were sending antibodies to the baby that would cause problems. But the mother doesn't have any antibodies to send to that first baby yet (if she's never been exposed to Rh previously). It isn't until her blood mixes with that first baby's Rh positive blood, (mainly during birth and through the placenta etc), that any anti-RH antibodies will even start to develop. And they take some time do so. So, as you say, there most likely won't be any problems with the first pregnancy. But then it's during the second pregnancy that the problems could arise if that baby is also Rh positive because by then she already has anti-Rh antibodies fully developed in her blood plasma. That's why they give the RhoAM injection to Rh negative mothers during the first pregnancy to prevent the antibodies from being produced.
Could you please explain what if mother has O blood and baby has A (or B) blood type. Shouldn't mothers antibodies be attacking baby blood cells? This also applies to mother A and baby B. No?
What he's showing is the different possible combinations of dominate and recessive genotypes in the Punnett square. Each parent has two alleles and one of those alleles from one parent is used to make a child by combining with one of the alleles from the other parent. The two alleles of each parent are shown on the outside edges of the squares on those "block schemes" that you are referring to. The upper case I's are the A and B genotypes which are dominate. The lower case i's are the type O which is recessive. So, anytime the A or the B is combined with an O, the resulting blood type (shown inside the squares), is always going to end up being an A or B blood type because A and B dominate the O and basically cancel it out even though it is still there in the genotype makeup, it's just dormant so to speak. On the other hand, if you combine an O with an O, (the lower case i's) then the result is just going to be type O blood (represented by the two side by side lower case i's inside the square).
Type O blood has no A or B proteins (antigens) on its red blood cells, so that's why it has created antibodies that are trained to be on the look-out for any blood cells with those A or B antigens that may intrude their blood stream. It sees them as invaders because they do not belong in its own blood. So, if you try to transfuse A, B or AB blood into the type O blood, then those antibodies in the type O blood are going to say "hey those A & B antigens are not supposed to be in here because our own blood doesn't use those. So they will attack them. So, because of that, the only blood that a type O person can accept is other type O blood, because it's the same kind of blood as itself and won't get attacked. And also, if it's type O negative blood, then it can only accept type O negative. If it's type O positive, then it can accept type O positive or negative. But nothing else. Type AB blood on the other hand, has both A & B antigens on its red blood cells, so it hasn't created any antibodies that would attack those antigens. If it did, then it would be attacking its own cells, and the body doesn't want that to happen. So, there's no need to have antibodies in type AB blood.. The A & B antigens are part of its own blood and are supposed to be there. So, because of that, the type AB person can accept any type of blood, because like I said there's no antibodies in there to attack any new blood cells that enter. AB blood says, "all blood types are welcome here, so come in, there's no danger of you being attacked because I don't have any antibodies that will attack you!" A person with AB blood can accept all types, A, B, AB or O with no problem. Because his blood already contains the antigens of those types A & B. And of course type O is no problem because it has no antigens at all to be attacked. And if it's AB negative, then it can only accept other negative types. If it's AB positive, it can accept ALL types, positive and negative. Note: If you are wondering, then why don't the type O antibodies attack the A & B blood antigens when type O blood is transfused to an A, B or AB recipient?, Well, that's because the antibodies for blood are in the plasma (the liquid part of the blood), And when any type of blood is donated, it is run through a process that separates the plasma away from the red blood cells. So, when you get a blood transfusion, you are only getting the red blood cells but not the plasma that contains the harmful antibodies.
Thank you for such an easy to follow explanation. It would be great if you can do an expansion of this topic on the 33 blood types and potentially one on the evolution of blood types...
When we talk about blood transfusion, we actually mean red blood cells transfusion. Those antibodies are in the plasma, that's why you can't donate O plasma to an A (or B) recipient. ;)
At time frame 8:13, the captions say, "If they're both heterozygous," which is the correct description of the parents. Paul Anderson misspeaks and states, "if they're both homozygous." I'm just pointing that out as a speaking error, so people don't get confused.
Girish Manjunath When blood transfusion takes place only the antigens present on the RBC of donor and the antibodies in plasma of the recipient is taken into consideration.Whereas antibodies of donor and antigens of recipient are of less importance.
With out you bio class wouldn't be fun! Thank you so much for taking your time and posting all these videos. Oh and yes it is helpful! I always liked what you say at the end "I hope that's helpful. :-)
Could the blood type have to do with some kind of density in the blood also? 'A 0 B' like the 'A 0 V' spectral density of stars for example? Also in language the B developed from V.
dumb question. Regard RH types. Does every person have a + or - in there blood type? Or do some just have a (A) or (B) blood type with no Rh factor? Some charts I found shows every blood type with a + or -. Other charts have no + or - written next to the blood type letter.
no question is dumb if it helps in learning something knowledgeable ...so lemme explain Regarding RH types (+) simply means you are having an RH antigen whereas.. (_) means you don't have that. So, either you have that antigen or you don't ....there's no way in between. Therefore RH factor (+) or (_) is present in all blood types. Some charts that read + or - show additional RH factor information while those not having these signs don't show RH factor info. I hope it helps !!!
+Meshari AA you should be checking the antibodies in the recipient not the donor (you give away the antigen...not the antibody...Antibodies are in the plasma). A+ has B antibodies....its ok to give them O+. there is no O antibody.
O is a root.. Two negs make a positive. chances are two 0's are related. Yet if open its sugessted neg or positive. O could be B or A always open. I am a O. O is universal has more worries of sex if O is offspring.
I have the same type of eating habits as my mother. same blood type O. my daugthers called unusual neg blue not B open. anytime is a good time for good blood types are fun. My daughter has my daughter. Perfected iq.
Thanks for the reply! O blood does not have the proteins and I am okay with that, but looking the video at 2:30 it says, that O blood has antibodies against A and B proteins. The idea of my question was, that if O blood gets transferred to someone with A, B or AB blood type, wouldn't the A and B antibodies in donor's blood react with the respective proteins in recipients blood? Or perhaps there are no antibodies in O blood until it somehow comes in contact with another blood which has proteins?
Very good explanation, but I have one question. If for example O blood gets transferred to someone with A blood, why won't the A antibodies in O blood have a negative reaction with A proteins on the recipient's blood cells? Or doesn't it work that way? And basically the same question for other similar conflicts with B and AB recipients. Thanks!
So, if I may ask, have you heard of the blood type diet? If so, what is your opinion about a diet for a specific blood type? There have been several different people promoting this diet-not just one-so it seems to make sense that food would affect each type differently-but I am not a medically knowledgeable person.
Thanks a bunch... One question, I seem to understand from this that ppl with blood type o, would be least susceptible to blood disease and std's, since they have both the A antibodies and the B antibodies, whereas somebody with blood type A for example, would be susceptible to any attack that only a antibodies can destroy! Likewise, B blood doesn't have B antibodies, therefore a disease that B antibodies would destroy would be welcome in B blood type, does this make sense??
![Noob To Max With DRAGON REWORK In Blox Fruits [FULL MOVIE]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/LnBMOinoOvA/mqdefault.jpg)
you taught me more in this 10 minute video than my teacher did in 2 weeks
True!!!
YEP
Literally.... Same
Wtf lol
I swear this exact comment exists on every youtube lesson ever
Again, Bozeman Science saving me in biology.. As a guy studying Pscyhology, and whom has no experience with biology what so ever I simply could not have done without you! And, also, I learn much better watching your videos than listening to lectures. Thank you, Mr. Andersen!
Mr. Anderson refers to an "A protein" however the A, B, and O antigens are definitely carbohydrates, not protein.
Some people in the comments are saying "it is a glycoprotein" however I checked my molecular biology and biochemistry textbooks and they say that the oligosaccharide can be attached to a lipid or a protein. The gene involved in ABO blood types codes for an enzyme (glycosyltransferase) which can add a monosaccharide to the O antigen. If you have the A allele you have the transferase that adds N-acetylgalactosamine to the O antigen. If you have a B allele you have a transferase that adds galactose to the O antigen. People with AB blood type have both transferases and therefore both A antigen and B antigen.
You taught me this stuff in 10 minutes and i fully understand when my teacher taught it in a week and i had no clue what was going on thank you savior
I love this guy. Mr. Andersen...please be my college professor! Or at least show my current instructors how to teach students better!
Watched this video in AP Bio, now i'm back to watch it during Pharmacy School
i always get here when im lost in medical biology.. thank you so much!!
Your high school teaches should be thankful for having you, Paul. I learned more in ten minutes than I did in an entire lecture from my biology professor
*students
I couldn't do my assignments without your videos!
Thank you for making these videos and being a better teacher than my actual biology teacher. I learn more from your videos than a week of class
Check out the AP Biology Lab playlist. It is near the bottom. Hope this helps.
nice video sir....but can you also explain Bombay blood group. It would be of great help
😅thank you
Thanks, what a legend this man just made my day
This was extremely helpful. Im studying for my PBMT (Perioperative blood management technologist) test and this was so confusing for me to understand when I saw it in my book. This video made it very simple. Thank you! Is there any other videos you would recommend that would be helpful to my studies?
Probably my favourite of all your great videos. Thank you very much for making such a brilliant series of videos.
Kindly check ABO system antigens are not proteins but oligosaccharides ( carbohydrates) while Rh antigens are proteins.
Mr Anderson, You are doing a wonderful work....i am sure it is helping many people like it is helping me........
Better than my teacher could ever teach it. Thank you
You have been so much help this semester, thank you dearly. You make bio fun and especially with the colored images you use
Thanks! I have a quiz tomorrow. The chapter is literally named after Mendell, but it goes way deeper than that. So this was a great review. :)
Thank you!!! That clears the whole antibody vs antigen thing right up!
Sat biology book was really vague, this cleared it out very well. Thank you. Already subscribed.
What a wonderful explanation! Great recap. Thanks Mr Anderson
Thank you! I am doing a blood typing lab today in class and I wanted to explain this better to my kids.
Awesome dude my teacher only showed part of this in school so I came to watch this
So nicely explained for people from non-biology background......My 8 yr. old could grasp it clearly. Thanks....
I use these videos for teaching basic genetics at the university! Great explanations! Thanks so much...
At 8:43 you said during the 1st pregnancy nothing really happened because we're only sending antibodies in one direction from the mother to the baby. Not sure you actually said what you meant to say there, because if the mom were sending antibodies to the baby that would cause problems. But the mother doesn't have any antibodies to send to that first baby yet (if she's never been exposed to Rh previously). It isn't until her blood mixes with that first baby's Rh positive blood, (mainly during birth and through the placenta etc), that any anti-RH antibodies will even start to develop. And they take some time do so. So, as you say, there most likely won't be any problems with the first pregnancy. But then it's during the second pregnancy that the problems could arise if that baby is also Rh positive because by then she already has anti-Rh antibodies fully developed in her blood plasma. That's why they give the RhoAM injection to Rh negative mothers during the first pregnancy to prevent the antibodies from being produced.
Could you please explain what if mother has O blood and baby has A (or B) blood type. Shouldn't mothers antibodies be attacking baby blood cells? This also applies to mother A and baby B. No?
I love all the visuals, helps me learn much faster
Glad I made someone smile.
Your videos are becoming addictive
Thanks. I have a test tomorrow. Now I am ready for it.
Shout to my flocks with O +
0-
0+
O +💁🏻♀️
I dont understand what is happening from 04:13 onwards about the genotypes? Whatis the logic thats being used to come up with those block schemes?
What he's showing is the different possible combinations of dominate and recessive genotypes in the Punnett square. Each parent has two alleles and one of those alleles from one parent is used to make a child by combining with one of the alleles from the other parent. The two alleles of each parent are shown on the outside edges of the squares on those "block schemes" that you are referring to. The upper case I's are the A and B genotypes which are dominate. The lower case i's are the type O which is recessive. So, anytime the A or the B is combined with an O, the resulting blood type (shown inside the squares), is always going to end up being an A or B blood type because A and B dominate the O and basically cancel it out even though it is still there in the genotype makeup, it's just dormant so to speak. On the other hand, if you combine an O with an O, (the lower case i's) then the result is just going to be type O blood (represented by the two side by side lower case i's inside the square).
Man, that’s really amazing. Superb explanation.
Another helpful video from Prof. Andersen :)
4:04 and 1:23 and 2:35? So if O blood can except any protein, how can it not except AB antibodies? Thats conflicting. Can someone explain this?
Type O blood has no A or B proteins (antigens) on its red blood cells, so that's why it has created antibodies that are trained to be on the look-out for any blood cells with those A or B antigens that may intrude their blood stream. It sees them as invaders because they do not belong in its own blood. So, if you try to transfuse A, B or AB blood into the type O blood, then those antibodies in the type O blood are going to say "hey those A & B antigens are not supposed to be in here because our own blood doesn't use those. So they will attack them. So, because of that, the only blood that a type O person can accept is other type O blood, because it's the same kind of blood as itself and won't get attacked. And also, if it's type O negative blood, then it can only accept type O negative. If it's type O positive, then it can accept type O positive or negative. But nothing else.
Type AB blood on the other hand, has both A & B antigens on its red blood cells, so it hasn't created any antibodies that would attack those antigens. If it did, then it would be attacking its own cells, and the body doesn't want that to happen. So, there's no need to have antibodies in type AB blood.. The A & B antigens are part of its own blood and are supposed to be there. So, because of that, the type AB person can accept any type of blood, because like I said there's no antibodies in there to attack any new blood cells that enter. AB blood says, "all blood types are welcome here, so come in, there's no danger of you being attacked because I don't have any antibodies that will attack you!" A person with AB blood can accept all types, A, B, AB or O with no problem. Because his blood already contains the antigens of those types A & B. And of course type O is no problem because it has no antigens at all to be attacked. And if it's AB negative, then it can only accept other negative types. If it's AB positive, it can accept ALL types, positive and negative.
Note: If you are wondering, then why don't the type O antibodies attack the A & B blood antigens when type O blood is transfused to an A, B or AB recipient?, Well, that's because the antibodies for blood are in the plasma (the liquid part of the blood), And when any type of blood is donated, it is run through a process that separates the plasma away from the red blood cells. So, when you get a blood transfusion, you are only getting the red blood cells but not the plasma that contains the harmful antibodies.
Bozeman you rule, I never understood my bloodtype til now ,thanks
I like your videos Mr. Anderson, you have an incredible talent to teach.
THAANK YOU MR.ANDERSON!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! YOU HELP THE WORLD
Thank you for making videos like this. They are a great help for my biology studies :)
Awesome explanation!!
Thank you for such an easy to follow explanation.
It would be great if you can do an expansion of this topic on the 33 blood types and potentially one on the evolution of blood types...
Thank you! This clarified everything, your videos are very rewarding
little bit confused,
on 2:52 wouldn't type "O" have antibodies for blood type "A" , so type "O" would attack blood type A
type "o" has got no proteins attached to its surface.
When we talk about blood transfusion, we actually mean red blood cells transfusion. Those antibodies are in the plasma, that's why you can't donate O plasma to an A (or B) recipient. ;)
That was very helpful. I loved this topic. You make our all the way more interesting. I wish I was in your class.
Very clear and educational, thanks, especially the last chart.
I really like the way you explain !! You are helping me a lot with my courses. Thanks
best video on blood types. very helpful
Thanks so much for every complicated information you get it simple👍🏻
you and mr khan are god sent !!!! thank you for ur work!!
I love ur teaching style.and aslo i lv u😅
At time frame 8:13, the captions say, "If they're both heterozygous," which is the correct description of the parents. Paul Anderson misspeaks and states, "if they're both homozygous." I'm just pointing that out as a speaking error, so people don't get confused.
this is so clearly explained and helpful. thank you! this helped me on the mcat.
it's also very helpful if you really wanna make sure a fictional character can't get a blood transfusion.
I love this haha
Your videos are extremely informative and well done. Thank you very much! Bozeman Science
8:50 a lot of blood gets mixed between who? the mom and the baby? why only at childbirth and not during pregnancy?
03:03 Why don't the antibodies in the O blood affect the A blood?
That's the question I have in this topic...
Easten Bound they have the A antigen...
Easten Bound could you give me a link, please?
Easten Bound thanks!
Girish Manjunath When blood transfusion takes place only the antigens present on the RBC of donor and the antibodies in plasma of the recipient is taken into consideration.Whereas antibodies of donor and antigens of recipient are of less importance.
abdul mateen BUT WHY?!
With out you bio class wouldn't be fun! Thank you so much for taking your time and posting all these videos. Oh and yes it is helpful! I always liked what you say at the end "I hope that's helpful. :-)
I ADORE YOU!! I SERIOUSLY GET THE FULL MARKS CAUSE OF U!!!wow!! ThX from egypt👌✌️
Got*
*wow* XD *RAWR*
Please also explain , which blood group can receive what type RBC or what type of plasma (rather saying blood alone , there is huge difference)
finally i understood these!! had these 4 tomorows exam !!!
They are really great medical information or even public!
It was amazing and helpful. Thank u..
you are truly a blessing!!!! thanks so much your videos are FANTASTIC!!!!!!
Could the blood type have to do with some kind of density in the blood also?
'A 0 B' like the 'A 0 V' spectral density of stars for example? Also in language the B developed from V.
Your videos are so helpful! you are a great teacher :)
This helped me understand the punnet square more which I have a hard time understanding some aspects of
thankyou so much.... i didnt understand anything from the textbooks but this video helped it all!!!!
I am A+ which means I have A antigens and I have rh antigens. I can receive any blood type except B and AB.
Yes. I am A+ either.
Jasper I am 0-
@@markocoric9233 COOL you can donate to anyone
I WAS TYPED IN THE DOCTOR'S OFFICE AND HE TOLD ME THAT I BETTER KEEP MY BLOOD TYPE A SECRET !!
Very helpful and illustrative video! Thank you very much
You are the best! One in a million!
Wow ! Would have loved to have had you as a teacher , thank you , very interesting
dumb question. Regard RH types. Does every person have a + or - in there blood type? Or do some just have a (A) or (B) blood type with no Rh factor? Some charts I found shows every blood type with a + or -. Other charts have no + or - written next to the blood type letter.
no question is dumb if it helps in learning something knowledgeable ...so lemme explain
Regarding RH types
(+) simply means you are having an RH antigen whereas..
(_) means you don't have that.
So, either you have that antigen or you don't ....there's no way in between. Therefore RH factor (+) or (_) is present in all blood types. Some charts that read + or - show additional RH factor information while those not having these signs don't show RH factor info.
I hope it helps !!!
Since O+ have all antibodies, how come he can donate to A+ or B+ ? wouldn't the antibodies react with the antigen ?
+Meshari AA you should be checking the antibodies in the recipient not the donor (you give away the antigen...not the antibody...Antibodies are in the plasma). A+ has B antibodies....its ok to give them O+. there is no O antibody.
O is a root.. Two negs make a positive. chances are two 0's are related. Yet if open its sugessted neg or positive. O could be B or A always open. I am a O. O is universal has more worries of sex if O is offspring.
I have the same type of eating habits as my mother. same blood type O. my daugthers called unusual neg blue not B open. anytime is a good time for good blood types are fun. My daughter has my daughter. Perfected iq.
Started learning this in human anatomy. So interesting
Thanks a million for these videos they are amazing. Very helpful.
Omg thank you sooo much for posting this video!!
im ahead of my class by two weeks by watching this 10-minute video
Considering the fact that Rh + is dominant, will there come a time that there would be no longer Rh - people?
If I remember correctly the recessive genes eventually show up, you can look up Gregor Mendel's research.
same with blue eyes
Jeus Benitez I am 0-
that was sooo helpful now i can be ahead of the class!!! :)
Thanks for the reply! O blood does not have the proteins and I am okay with that, but looking the video at 2:30 it says, that O blood has antibodies against A and B proteins. The idea of my question was, that if O blood gets transferred to someone with A, B or AB blood type, wouldn't the A and B antibodies in donor's blood react with the respective proteins in recipients blood? Or perhaps there are no antibodies in O blood until it somehow comes in contact with another blood which has proteins?
Great way to explain this topic. Thanks for sharing
Very good explanation, but I have one question. If for example O blood gets transferred to someone with A blood, why won't the A antibodies in O blood have a negative reaction with A proteins on the recipient's blood cells? Or doesn't it work that way? And basically the same question for other similar conflicts with B and AB recipients. Thanks!
I have the same question!!
So, if I may ask, have you heard of the blood type diet? If so, what is your opinion about a diet for a specific blood type? There have been several different people promoting this diet-not just one-so it seems to make sense that food would affect each type differently-but I am not a medically knowledgeable person.
Is there a podcast of this please? TIA!
Thanks a lot! Ir seems so easy and simple now!
so clearly explained- thank you!!
Why would it be beneficial to have b or a blood antibodies? Why did we decide to have antibodies for other blood types?
You're great!exactly wat my teacher taught in sch:)
You just made my day. Gotta get that bio grade cookin
Do you have any videos over epistasis/codominance/ incomplete dominance
Really sir understood in short very clear 😁👍🙌🙌🙌
Thank you very muchfor this nice and clear video ;D I really enjoyed this!
Thanks a bunch... One question, I seem to understand from this that ppl with blood type o, would be least susceptible to blood disease and std's, since they have both the A antibodies and the B antibodies, whereas somebody with blood type A for example, would be susceptible to any attack that only a antibodies can destroy! Likewise, B blood doesn't have B antibodies, therefore a disease that B antibodies would destroy would be welcome in B blood type, does this make sense??
i can always depend on you to explain every concept lol thank you!!
bruh this video was elite.
Aren't the A and B antigen "proteins" found on the erythrocytes actually sugars? I thought only the Rh antigen was a protein.
Awesome video. I finally understand it now!
Respected Sir,
Both Parents Having 'O' Group. Too kids get only 'O' or
If Any chance to get the kids 'A' or 'B' or 'AB' Groups.. Is it possible???
You're a life saver man