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MinuteEarth I want to help buuuuuuuut I live under a rock and my friends don’t freakin care about this and that I can’t seem to get that patreon working 😭😭😭😭😭😭
As a kid I was a crazy space nerd. Since I began studying geosciences however, it became more and more clear, that the most interesting celestial body is not visible when you look up the night sky, but rather look down to your feet. The Earth is so much more complex and interesting than any other planet I know, it is mind boggling. I still like space and everything about it, but I came to be that Earth is my favorite planetary body by FAR.
+Rígille Maybe, but the Earth is still way more complex than say the mars. The lack of plate tectonics and the lack of water in the atmosphere makes a huge difference in how complex for example weathering processes are. The amount of science and know how there is for a theme field like for example plate tectonics and the resulting science about subduction zones and fire rings and the different compositions of different types of magma and what we can say about the origins of that magma or the processes that lead to its surfacing based on that composition...I could go on the whole day. :D Many of those fields are pretty much nonexistent on other planets, because there isn't even a thing as plate tectonics. Or sedimentology. On mars you have aeolian transport at best. On Earth it is a field with hundreds of different processes and hundreds of sedimentary rocks to study.
Good idea to add Hypsometric Curve to the title, makes it much easier to find. Also, great description, always adds a bit extra info on the subject :) .
Two questions left: 1) what happens when two oceanic plates meet? Do they go up or down? 2) When a plate sinks under the earths crust i has to be replaced by new rock somewhere else. Is that only oceanic rock then? Does this mean that the continental rock gets less?
1. Depends, but probably they will go up. In the deep ocean mountain ranges does exists, 2. Depends, I mean there's always a cycle. When those two meet, the zone where they collided called 'subduction zone' this zone creates high temperature and pressure that cause the rocks to melt and form volcanic arc along the plate. Movement of plates divided into 3: transform, divergent and convergent. If two plates collide they will reach the condition I've mentioned above (divergent). If 2 plates move apart (convergent) they create a gap, this gap will be filled magma from the mantle thus create what we called 'oceanic ridge'. tl;dr - it's not oceanic rock, it's magma that come from the mantle. continental can get less or more depending the interaction between one and another plates, oh and also the supply of magma. I might interpreting this wrong, but this what i understand from my study. I suggest you read basic Geology books, it helps a lot.
Great questions! I think it makes sense to answer Q #2 first: It's true that new plates have to be created if old ones are being destroyed - if you check out the middle of the Atlantic Ocean on Google Earth, you can see a seam/ridge-looking thing where two oceanic plates are diverging, and magma from below is rising up to create new ocean crust. These "mid-ocean ridges" run all over the planet - you can trace them pretty easily on Google Earth. And as new ocean crust moves away from the ridge and gets older, it also gets denser...which brings us to Q #1: when two oceanic plates collide, the older, denser one gets forced under (or "subducts"). Oh, and as for new continental crust - ironically, new continental crust gets formed where old ocean crust gets destroyed. I know this doesn't sound like it makes sense, but keep your eyes peeled for our next geology video, which is about this very thing!
Isn't it due to pressure? Under sea level there will be more pressure making rocks fuse together or stick closer to each other? I'm talking about atomic level.
I also heard there is Ice in some places at the bottom of the sea, due to pressure, making water molecules stick closer to each other and behaving like ice.
annonym surfer That sounds plausible. But maybe the causality is the other way round. That that crust was denser in the first place and that caused it to be under water.
I've been wondering about this a lot lately, thank you!! I just started thinking one day, how weird is it that we have both huge areas of deep, open ocean and huge areas of low-lying, relatively-flat land masses above the waterline, all bunched together? How weird is it that we have this idea of continents, as opposed to just randomly scattered land and water at all kinds of elevations?
The guy that is less attractive does anything for the hot one so he sinks down to the ground for them. The other example in the vid is about those relationships with both being equally atractive so they go 'up' and get married more often. In this example going up is good and going down (like in the first example) is bad.
This also means that since most land is just above sea level, a small change in the water level makes a huge change in the amount of livable land. Global warming is going to cause population pressure to Skyrocket as land disappears.
That's not true. The polar ice caps have been melting and regrowing for thousands of years and nothing terrible has happened. Global warming has been coming under serious scrutiny lately, especially since Nasa has admitted to tampering with data to cover over the recent cooling period.
@@markfox1545 not all farmers live in the tundra, climate change causes some areas to get more frequent and harsher droughts and some parts get heavy floods. Climate change will impact the the yields of those farmers, and a lot of farmers only grow crops just for themselves and their live stock to eat. It doesn't matter that the tundra would be useable since literally no one lives there. That is why i also mentioned about refugees because people have to move from their homes just to survive. Stop ignoring the problem by trying to find a solution that only you yourself thought off inside your head. It's true that there would be more usable land when the permafrost melts but not everyone gets their food in the grocery store or can just import food from distant countries to survive
We wouldn't need the Internet because we'd be able to shout across an entire sea. Which is good because it would be hard for us to get into the iron age.
@Cöri what they mean isn't that we personally would be mermaids, but that the planet would evolve a sentient species similar to mermaids (or something else aquatic, probably octopi) that would become the ruler of the planet, similar to humans.
Wow you managed to uncover a misconception I had: whenever I read "oceanic plates are denser" I thought it meant that the water is denser than the earth, I never thought it meant the crust of oceanic plates is denser than the crust of continental plates
Earth doesn't have 2 types of rock, Earth has many types of rock. Now if you're asking why do denser rock types primarily exist at a lower level than less dense rocks the answer is the Earth was liquified when it was struck by a Mars-sized planet billions of years ago and in a liquid where everything can flow and mix freely the denser materials sank and the less dense ones floated, so most of the really dense materials sunk to the core, and the least dense to the surface. Now because there are convection currents caused by the intense heat of the core there is constant movement and mixing so some of the denser materials get pushed up and out via volcanic activity, this mostly happens on the sea floor so deeper/denser materials get pushed up to the sea floors and very little of this dense material ends up on the surface since the surface plates don't get cycled back into the mantle.
maybe 2 types of rock they're referring to are Acidic Rocks and Basaltic Rocks. Normally basaltic rocks are heavier than acidic rocks. Acidic rocks mostly composed of SiO2 while basaltic mostly composed by metal compounds and minerals (iron ore, magnetite, calcic plagioclase, olivin, etc)
Just rattle a container of nuts or different sized rocks and the biggest rocks float to the surface and the smallest rocks float to the bottom. It's a self filtration medium always. So the higher density is always on the bottom since there is less packing space between the smaller pieces of material and more packing space between the bigger pieces. And then you account for pressure and it doubles this relationship.
@@siar073 Don't worry! I commented a comment 3 years late on a game review I liked, the review was bad because the guy doing it somehow didn't know to switch your weapon, AKA the thing that you need to do to even win. Oh, and also it tells you the first time you play it and the AI shows in in the title screen. How come that guy never mashed his controller to see what he was missing? (BTW the game is called Prismatic Solid)
Well presumably that due to the fact that there is only so much water the amount of land above it would remain relatively similar to what it is now, it’s just that more of it would be mountainous regions instead of flat lands like we can get now.
Just found this video and it made information I learned in grade school actually understandable. I'm now wondering what would happen when Pangaea forms again.
0:12 Can we not use body parts when measuring something? Can we use the standard like meter and kilogramms and liters? If Mr 'Merica wants to be different then they should go and Trump themselfs!
It might have been interesting to include the age difference of the tectonic plates in the video. The oldest piece of oceanic plate is just about 180 million years old. The ocean floor is getting progressively more recent when you are moving to the mid-oceanic ridges. The age of the continental plates, on the other hand (excluding those small parts modified by volcanic activity) ranges between 1 and 4 billion years. Could the different ages in which they were formed have something to do with the difference in density?
If we took all the dirt on planet Earth and dumped it into the ocean so that we tried to make earth as smooth as possible I wonder how high the sea level would be above the floor of the smoothness where all the rocks are?
you are creating such an informative and beutiful videos so it is very nice that you have some sponsors who respect your work, don't stop what you are doing! Giving nordvpn a chance!
Hey! Want to help us make MinuteEarth? Please consider supporting us on www.patreon.com/minuteearth or by clicking the JOIN link below the video! Your support really does make it possible for us to make educational videos on the internet. Thanks!
MinuteEarth first reply
2nd reply also minute earth I love you and your videos keep it up
MinuteEarth oof
Hey, where's Emily????? The girl with a hyena!
MinuteEarth I want to help buuuuuuuut I live under a rock and my friends don’t freakin care about this and that I can’t seem to get that patreon working 😭😭😭😭😭😭
For anybody curious, this is known as a bimodal distribution.
Allen Faure Wtf! How can it be bisexual???
Chua Stephen There is nothing wrong with being bisexual
I remember that from math class.
You had class about being bisexual? Hmm times have changed.
Can't tell if joking or legit
As a kid I was a crazy space nerd. Since I began studying geosciences however, it became more and more clear, that the most interesting celestial body is not visible when you look up the night sky, but rather look down to your feet.
The Earth is so much more complex and interesting than any other planet I know, it is mind boggling. I still like space and everything about it, but I came to be that Earth is my favorite planetary body by FAR.
Earth is amazing but is also the most studied planetary body. Maybe it seems cooler because we know so much more about it?
Yet it is claimed that we know more about space than our ocean floor.
+Rígille Maybe, but the Earth is still way more complex than say the mars. The lack of plate tectonics and the lack of water in the atmosphere makes a huge difference in how complex for example weathering processes are. The amount of science and know how there is for a theme field like for example plate tectonics and the resulting science about subduction zones and fire rings and the different compositions of different types of magma and what we can say about the origins of that magma or the processes that lead to its surfacing based on that composition...I could go on the whole day. :D Many of those fields are pretty much nonexistent on other planets, because there isn't even a thing as plate tectonics. Or sedimentology. On mars you have aeolian transport at best. On Earth it is a field with hundreds of different processes and hundreds of sedimentary rocks to study.
Wow that was well said.
Yes same except i am a kid
Looks like puns are less dense in this video
Sorry ... we had a lot on our plates!
Jesus Crust your puns suck.
Here it comes
*T H I C C R O C K*
@@jacklonghearse9821 holy
*that's a bit rude*
I love how earth blushes when you mention its multiple "humps."
Thanks for the wonderful video as always!
my humps my humps
Humpity humps
2 humps
Earth chan is real confirmed
Im confused
You mean there's a level 2? I thought this level was hard enough!
In a way, this is level 2 (or 3 if you're counting the trenches)
Perhaps that's the problem
are these pun intended????
they need to nerf the human skill tree . This game was better in the Big Bang era
Expert mode isn’t that hard, it’s easy
Gitgud
The faces on those rocks had me dying haahah
I know! Everything just looks so sad! Or mad. Why is Minute Earth so good at putting emotion onto _every_ random thing they draw...? :P
The smile as they were floating away :D !
That's the one that made me giggle. They looked so happy and carefree.
1:51 is my favourite. I don't know why but that's the funniest illustration I've seen in a long time.
There are some great rock faces in this video!
The drawings in this one were particularly adorable!
I have a PhD in Geology and taught university Geosciences for 28 years. Your video is great! I would welcome it in my classroom. Thanks.
The expressive/emotional illustrations in these videos are awesome.
Wow ...I had never seen such spectaculous explanation. ...simply awesome and I am deeply impressed ....
Good idea to add Hypsometric Curve to the title, makes it much easier to find. Also, great description, always adds a bit extra info on the subject :) .
Lovely way of explaining topics in such simple terms! Keep up the great work!
1:35
That's so sad, you can clearly see on their faces how traumatic it was
They taught me this at school years ago... Where was this video when I needed it?
1:24 D’aww, they look so happy!
Two questions left:
1) what happens when two oceanic plates meet? Do they go up or down?
2) When a plate sinks under the earths crust i has to be replaced by new rock somewhere else. Is that only oceanic rock then? Does this mean that the continental rock gets less?
1. Depends, but probably they will go up. In the deep ocean mountain ranges does exists,
2. Depends, I mean there's always a cycle. When those two meet, the zone where they collided called 'subduction zone' this zone creates high temperature and pressure that cause the rocks to melt and form volcanic arc along the plate. Movement of plates divided into 3: transform, divergent and convergent. If two plates collide they will reach the condition I've mentioned above (divergent). If 2 plates move apart (convergent) they create a gap, this gap will be filled magma from the mantle thus create what we called 'oceanic ridge'.
tl;dr - it's not oceanic rock, it's magma that come from the mantle. continental can get less or more depending the interaction between one and another plates, oh and also the supply of magma.
I might interpreting this wrong, but this what i understand from my study. I suggest you read basic Geology books, it helps a lot.
Great questions! I think it makes sense to answer Q #2 first: It's true that new plates have to be created if old ones are being destroyed - if you check out the middle of the Atlantic Ocean on Google Earth, you can see a seam/ridge-looking thing where two oceanic plates are diverging, and magma from below is rising up to create new ocean crust. These "mid-ocean ridges" run all over the planet - you can trace them pretty easily on Google Earth. And as new ocean crust moves away from the ridge and gets older, it also gets denser...which brings us to Q #1: when two oceanic plates collide, the older, denser one gets forced under (or "subducts").
Oh, and as for new continental crust - ironically, new continental crust gets formed where old ocean crust gets destroyed. I know this doesn't sound like it makes sense, but keep your eyes peeled for our next geology video, which is about this very thing!
Other way around: divergent plates move apart (creating new oceanic crust), and convergent plates slam together. Otherwise correct, to my knowledge.
If I remember correct the Marianna Trench is two plates both bending downwards.
Do we know why those two types of crust exist and how they formed?
Isn't it due to pressure? Under sea level there will be more pressure making rocks fuse together or stick closer to each other? I'm talking about atomic level.
I also heard there is Ice in some places at the bottom of the sea, due to pressure, making water molecules stick closer to each other and behaving like ice.
But isn't water the most dense at 4°Celsius? So that ice theory does not seem to make sense.
It's not a theory.
It's a fact, i don't remember where i heard it. It's denser due to pressure not temperature.
annonym surfer That sounds plausible. But maybe the causality is the other way round. That that crust was denser in the first place and that caused it to be under water.
"There's nothing normal about Earth"
I love this😍
Super interesting as always! I have been wondering this exact thing for a couple years now - thanks for informing me!
Damn mods keep level capping the server
Justin Y. Wowowwowowowowowow
_WolfDATDoge - oof
Justin Y. Hi again
TierZoo?
gay*
I don't remember learning this in Earth Science class... which is why I love you guys for teaching the stuff not taught in schools! ;)
Refreshing start of the day with some awesome knowledge!
Nice... A geoblocking ad after a geology video.
I've been wondering about this a lot lately, thank you!!
I just started thinking one day, how weird is it that we have both huge areas of deep, open ocean and huge areas of low-lying, relatively-flat land masses above the waterline, all bunched together? How weird is it that we have this idea of continents, as opposed to just randomly scattered land and water at all kinds of elevations?
I really like that graphing technique. Made me warm inside for some reason.
0:46 The Earth is so adorable.
1:36
Looks like a normal human relationship.
thebahooplamaster I can’t not watch this as though she was being sarcastic the whole time now😭😭😭😭
Orlando Bispo Dont understand why but ok
XD I get it
Succ
The guy that is less attractive does anything for the hot one so he sinks down to the ground for them. The other example in the vid is about those relationships with both being equally atractive so they go 'up' and get married more often. In this example going up is good and going down (like in the first example) is bad.
Amazing video as always....
Today, while planning our day with no technology, my nine y/o said, "what will I do without minute earth". Thank you all! 🙏🏼❤
This also means that since most land is just above sea level, a small change in the water level makes a huge change in the amount of livable land. Global warming is going to cause population pressure to Skyrocket as land disappears.
This is true, but for the wrong reasons
Auriam actually the famines will happen because of the change of climate. The increasing sea level just makes a bunch of refugees
@@jivanjovan - what famines? As some farmland becomes poorer (maybe) then tundra becomes useable.
That's not true. The polar ice caps have been melting and regrowing for thousands of years and nothing terrible has happened. Global warming has been coming under serious scrutiny lately, especially since Nasa has admitted to tampering with data to cover over the recent cooling period.
@@markfox1545 not all farmers live in the tundra, climate change causes some areas to get more frequent and harsher droughts and some parts get heavy floods. Climate change will impact the the yields of those farmers, and a lot of farmers only grow crops just for themselves and their live stock to eat. It doesn't matter that the tundra would be useable since literally no one lives there. That is why i also mentioned about refugees because people have to move from their homes just to survive. Stop ignoring the problem by trying to find a solution that only you yourself thought off inside your head. It's true that there would be more usable land when the permafrost melts but not everyone gets their food in the grocery store or can just import food from distant countries to survive
Absolutely loving the faces on the terrian, brilliant artwork
The faces are so cute!
Fascinating...Never thought about it, but it makes so much sense.
No problem! If most of the earth had been covered in water, we would have evolved into mermaids
Nguyen Minh Anh Thao
Yeah, actually. Although I wonder how we might evolve like that.
That's not how evolution works...
We wouldn't need the Internet because we'd be able to shout across an entire sea. Which is good because it would be hard for us to get into the iron age.
@Cöri what they mean isn't that we personally would be mermaids, but that the planet would evolve a sentient species similar to mermaids (or something else aquatic, probably octopi) that would become the ruler of the planet, similar to humans.
Octopodes will be lucky to tend the gardens of their superior cuttlefish guardians and luminaries. I will fight you.
Very interesting. The graphics were fun also. Thank you.
that sigh already explained about me 2:21
This channel is great and deserves more views
2:25
Kawaii Earth is so cute OMG :3
Wow you managed to uncover a misconception I had: whenever I read "oceanic plates are denser" I thought it meant that the water is denser than the earth, I never thought it meant the crust of oceanic plates is denser than the crust of continental plates
Now the follow up question is, why does earth have 2 types of rock...
Earth doesn't have 2 types of rock, Earth has many types of rock. Now if you're asking why do denser rock types primarily exist at a lower level than less dense rocks the answer is the Earth was liquified when it was struck by a Mars-sized planet billions of years ago and in a liquid where everything can flow and mix freely the denser materials sank and the less dense ones floated, so most of the really dense materials sunk to the core, and the least dense to the surface. Now because there are convection currents caused by the intense heat of the core there is constant movement and mixing so some of the denser materials get pushed up and out via volcanic activity, this mostly happens on the sea floor so deeper/denser materials get pushed up to the sea floors and very little of this dense material ends up on the surface since the surface plates don't get cycled back into the mantle.
maybe 2 types of rock they're referring to are Acidic Rocks and Basaltic Rocks. Normally basaltic rocks are heavier than acidic rocks. Acidic rocks mostly composed of SiO2 while basaltic mostly composed by metal compounds and minerals (iron ore, magnetite, calcic plagioclase, olivin, etc)
Just rattle a container of nuts or different sized rocks and the biggest rocks float to the surface and the smallest rocks float to the bottom. It's a self filtration medium always. So the higher density is always on the bottom since there is less packing space between the smaller pieces of material and more packing space between the bigger pieces. And then you account for pressure and it doubles this relationship.
0:43 i love earth's face
Can you do more earth subjects :3
I knew about ocean crust and continental crust, but I didn’t know about this.
Very interesting!
The Earth is not flat or round. It's a camel!
WRONG! It's a potato.
*me realizing this comment us a year late* :0
@@siar073 Don't worry! I commented a comment 3 years late on a game review I liked, the review was bad because the guy doing it somehow didn't know to switch your weapon, AKA the thing that you need to do to even win.
Oh, and also it tells you the first time you play it and the AI shows in in the title screen. How come that guy never mashed his controller to see what he was missing? (BTW the game is called Prismatic Solid)
Excellent work. Well explained.
oh man the crusts are the cutest shit ever
Well presumably that due to the fact that there is only so much water the amount of land above it would remain relatively similar to what it is now, it’s just that more of it would be mountainous regions instead of flat lands like we can get now.
how much xp for next level ?
Sarp Kaplan *LET'S FIND OUT*
lmao
Never knew this despite taking Geology AO level at school many eons ago....
Thank you.
Finally a sponsor I'd actually consider looking into
Great video and explanation.
Wow I didn't understand any of this. This is super amazing! Thumbs up!
It was pretty understandable. I thought she did a great job explaining.
Nice. Not new information, really, but an unusual way of looking at it and connecting the dots ..
Awesome, we need more people celebrating weirdness :)
Quentin Lightner uretevrutjgtham
There are lots of us!!!
Interesting information and cute graphics. Thanks for sharing this with us.
*Proud to be weird*
I would be proud for doing something good but not really for being weird. :D
great video
i learned more about what I thought I already knew
fun animations
Nothing worth loving isn’t askew.
Symmetry is overrated methinks
@@Imagiinae Don't tell Wes Anderson.
Wow, a RUclips sponsorship that is actually relevant! 👌😅 Great job on the video and many thanks for the special deal ☺️
We live on the big hump in the middle
uhh.. You said hump... lol
Jeffery Williams you did too lmao so funny
Just found this video and it made information I learned in grade school actually understandable.
I'm now wondering what would happen when Pangaea forms again.
Bottom line earth is thicc
Loved that pun at the end, so genius!
This is posted 1 min ago but the comments are from 4-11 hours ago... Go home RUclips, you are drunk.
AllyouhadtodowastofollowthedamntrainCJ Patrons have early access to the videos 😉
Nestor Abad Wha- How?
www.patreon.com/minuteearth
Nestor Abad Wow, thanks
Just learned something. Thanks for that!
0:12 Can we not use body parts when measuring something? Can we use the standard like meter and kilogramms and liters? If Mr 'Merica wants to be different then they should go and Trump themselfs!
The video says 20 km.....
Next you'll be complaining that the foreign language videos aren't in English.... Entitled much?
John Rielley Right? These foreigners can kiss my ass. I was a foreigner once too :)
Agreed! They have audience all over the world, but still use this convoluted imperial system? SAD!
feet = body parts lmao.. I see what you did there. I don't know why we use the Imperial STANDARD rather than the Metric System.
Hey minuteEarth I want to know how dry ice became dry! Please make a vid about it someday. I really want to know about it
What an interesting test for determining plate tectonics on an exoplanet, or exomoon.
how smartly and well explained ...... love from India ... :-)
Ok, the plate drama cracked me up. Good illustrator.
Thank you, that was very good.
It might have been interesting to include the age difference of the tectonic plates in the video. The oldest piece of oceanic plate is just about 180 million years old. The ocean floor is getting progressively more recent when you are moving to the mid-oceanic ridges.
The age of the continental plates, on the other hand (excluding those small parts modified by volcanic activity) ranges between 1 and 4 billion years. Could the different ages in which they were formed have something to do with the difference in density?
No. The difference in density comes from the difference of the composition.
I learned something new. Thank you!
Thanks for this episode. Really good!
If they would have taught me plate tectonics like this, it would have saved so much time!!!!!!
Oh my god all the drawings of the planets and the rocks were so cute!
in these 3 minutes i just learned more than i did in school today.
Wonderful video... Keep doing it
Glad to know the VPN sponsor is at least a high quality one.
YEEEEESSSSSS I’VE BEEN WAITING IMPATIENTLY FOR YOUR NEXT VID! LOVE YOU GUYSSSSSSSS
Great art in this video!
First rate explanation and demonstration.
Why are the crusts so angry? Somebody bake them a cake!
this animation is beautiful :D
This was a really cute one! It put a smile on my face.
I learned something new here. Thanx =)
Awesome! I loved this video. So fascinating!
I really like the earth. Great place to live. Wouldn't change it for anything in the world.
That was fascinating
If we took all the dirt on planet Earth and dumped it into the ocean so that we tried to make earth as smooth as possible I wonder how high the sea level would be above the floor of the smoothness where all the rocks are?
What a cute earth drawing
you are creating such an informative and beutiful videos so it is very nice that you have some sponsors who respect your work, don't stop what you are doing! Giving nordvpn a chance!
love the animation
Everytime I watch MinuteEarth, I get Vietnam flashbacks to my geography lessons
this is fascinating
love the drawing
Really interesting. How come I have never heard about this before?
I watch these for pretty much no reason. My mom would be proud.
That animation looks so cuteee