Injector Circuit & Wiring Diagram
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- Опубликовано: 5 сен 2024
- Injector Circuit & Wiring Diagram
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Learn to test and analyze automotive fuel injector circuits from a wiring diagram perspective. Fuel injectors are attached to the fuel rail. It is very time consuming to detect and prove a clogged fuel injector. The technician needs to disassemble the fuel rail, de-activate the fuel pump and perform lengthy tests to prove the fault. However, there is another way. Using current ramping techniques the technician is able to prove the fuel injector without any disassembly at all. Get the scoop here and save time.
Presented using graphics software technology to denote the concepts. Part of our wiring diagram set of videos shown here in this channel. Enjoy...
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I agree with you, which was the reason for why I decided to start writing my manuals a long time ago and for this channel. Hope to see you here in the future. Thanks for posting.
The connection to the ECM can be isolated by disconnecting the connector that feeds the pulse signals to each injector. That suspicious faulty injector circuit should not have a short to ground. If it does, the injector will always be open. Wiring harnesses are prone to damage by heat or failure to the insulation caused by oil leaks or water intrusion. Vehicles that have their ECM mounted inside the engine compartment are a failure waiting to happen.
THe injector or ECM pulse is a low voltage pulse that triggers the power transistor. The pulse that goes to the injector is a GROUND pulse at about 1.5 AMP. Most injectors will flow about 900 mV or about 0.9 volts. Unless we go to the older Peak-and-Hold TBI injectors that used to flow a lot more. THanks for sharing.
THANK YOU! I thank you for answering to me because I am about to create my own cylinder deactivation system for my V12 and I was worried not to find a "big enough" interrupter" for 6 injectors to control, I wasn't sure if it was doable , but now the only thing I need would be one interrupter that merges the positives of 6 injectors then split the + back to each injector
I just gotta figure out now how to control the 6 individual ignition coils
Late question but did you accomplished though about that years ago just don't have the electronic knowledge to do that
Well, there are electronic circuits which can be installed between the O2 sensor and ECU of the car (O2 sensor enhancer for gas engines and MAF sensor enhancer for diesel engines). You can decide how much voltage the sensor will send to ECU, thus controlling the air fuel ratio. When you add water, you will have more torque, so you can make the fuel more lean by adjusting the voltage coming from the O2 sensor. If you adjust the spark plug system, you can have even more lean fuel mixture.
The ASD relay is found on Dodge systems. THe ASD provides 12 volt power to all the injectors. It is grounded by the ECM if it sees a cranking signal from the CRK sensor. Then, the ECM also provides the ground pulse to each injector and in most newer systems also provides the ignition coil pulse. The ASD supplies power to all injectors at once. Makes sense?
Well, a fellow inventor... Great and the answer to that is probably yes. Most drivers/transistors can flow 3 or 4 Amps easily. Two injectors draw about 1.8 Amps. I do have a suggestion, since the water/alcohol mix doesn't have to be timed critically, you may use a relay or another transistor with a delay circuit in it. In which case all you're doing is using the injector trigger as a signal turn-on to activate the WA injection. Anyhow, why water-alcohol? Thanks for posting.
Is say to cool his intetcooler for his turbo system... That's a complete guess, I know some people run water/methanol injunction infront of the intetcooler so it cooled the air going over the fins better.
Wow, great observation and that's exactly the way it is. Normally one power feed relay feeds all injectors and in some systems the injectors and coils as well. Injectors draw about 900mAmps each or almost one Amp but not at the same time. So, a 10 Amp fuse will suffice for this circuit. The Neg. side is then controlled by the ECM. Some rare and old Volvos were positively triggered, back in the 70's, but that's very rare.
Thanks so much for posting and good luck to you sir...
Thanks for the amazing idea :) Alcohol is because I live in Finland and if I inject pure water, it will freeze instantly. And water is used because when steam reaches to temperatures over 800 C, it decomposes to H2 and O which has a bigger volume than water itself. After the spark plug sparks, H2 and O will burn beside the fuel and produce high pressure/temperature steam which causes more torque and also cleans the chambers. I mess with O2 sensor and decrease fuel usage while keeping the power.
Thanks for describing function of asd relay, prohibiting injector pulse when engine is not turning. One connection of injector is at + as described, and other connection pulled to ground by driver transistor ( minus collector emitter voltage drop across transistor) Do you know if mosfet transistors are nowadays used instead of npn transistors? Also, I would like to know the electrical resistance of bmw x3 diesel's injector, if anyone knows ?
Here's my Diesel Injection webpage www.autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com/GDI_CRDI_Direct_Injector_Tester.html , take a look.
Thanks for educational video. I kept repeating the second half about the ASD relay. Very confusing. You show one ground to the ASD relay. I assume it is continuous ground as long as the crank is turning. I also assume there is one separate gnd output from the ASD to each injector. But how does the ASD relay know which injector to pulse the ground to? Is there a control wire for each injector (not shown) coming from the ECM to the ASD relay so that it knows which injector to ground?
Thanks CHIBA... Some days I wonder how we got to go to the moon. But by and large it's the very few who behave childish. I have a few million views on this channel and weird comments are less than 0.5%, so there's hope for humanity after all. Thanks again.
Im having a one of my injectors not pulsating but i have voltage at the connector and the resistance of the injector is fine too so i know that is fine, i even bought a new one and it still did not pulsate. Any help please? ive been at it for days trying to fix this
electrons don't actually flow anywhere, they just energize and de-energize a measurable state. Energy is the one that flows, and it goes from "negative" to "positive" or "cathode" to "anode". Another thing we need to understand is that an electron carries a negative state of 1.6×10^-19 or 0.00000000000000000016 joules. This is what ADPTraining means when he stipulates that scientists later discovered that electrons "flow" from excess to depleted.
THere are two theories. Either one is fine. It was later found that electrons flow from excess to depleted areas. Lighting flows from the ground up, even though it looks the other way. But, regardless of what theory you use, just stick to one and analyze the schematics with one theory only, so as not to get confused.
it is very important and precious job for all technician of all over world who are intreste in automotive sector thank you ADP. IT should be really appriciated by people
Most appreciated sir. All we ask is what you did, share and comment. Thank you.
ADPTraining www.autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com/Automotive_Diagnostic_Repair_Book_Catalog.htm
Thanks for educating us, i have a proplem, my ECU have a blown injection transistor and right now my forth cylinder injector pulse is not working how do i choose the corrector transistor for replacement?
Injector transistors are easy to shoot. Pick a transistor with 12 or higher voltage and 2 Amps of current handling. That should be enough info for what you need.
OK, but this means that you can't deactivate one side of the engine. If you do it'll vibrate too much. So you need to de-activate one cyl. from say bank-1 then the next cyl. from bank-2, then bank-1 again and so on. You can try deactivating 1-12 then 3-10 then 2-11 this way you have 3 one each bank. You may have to change this strategy but I think you get the idea. You may even rig two separate relays and employ 2 different modes, one mode de-activates 6 specific cylinder. CONTINED
Yes, actually it's about 950 milli Amps. And it's not 12 volts, it's 13.6 to 14.5 CHARGING voltage. We have a publication and a companion DVD on google-play and amazon title "Automotive Sensor Testing", keyword Author Mandy Concepcion. Good luck to you.
What exactly are you trying to build. Be careful, if it's a newer vehicle the ECM monitors the injector return voltage or current through the injector coil winding and it may issue a code and de-activate the ignition coil or injector circuit itself. good luck...
Amazing vedio for provide in-house training for better undestanding .
Thanks a lot! Actually the firing order is perfect for such a project as it is a "Perfect" mirror image of left/right bank: 1-12-5-8-3-10-6-7-2-11-4-9, so it will run on the same order in the same sequence as a 6 cyl inline.
Well I though getting rid of the spark frightened it would cause discharges that might damage "something" since it doesn't ignite fuel vapor , but maybe I am wrong on this and it is something to worry about
definitely shows a good explanation of how the circuit is made to cause the pulse width modulation
Good question...About 900 milli-Amps or 0.9 Amps. That is the rule of thumb and does not apply for the new GDI injectors. THanks for posting...
Actually, that's very nice of you. Thanks....Mr. Actually.
im using a simple fuel injected motor cycle. can it be posible to improve speed by simply replacing injector with larger nozzel? will the pump bare with it?
Hello and thanks for posting. We appreciate all comments and that includes compliments and sarcasm. NO, the current theory now is that electrons flow from Neg. to Pos.. Back in the 1930's and before the theory was the other way around. When electronic symbols were developed the old theory was the current one, hence electron flow opposite to the symbols, such as diode or transistor. As I've said before, in actuality it doesn't matter, so long as you follow one unique theory when analyzing diagram
If you would like, I can tell you more about "adjusting" the spark plugs and also there are few internet pages which explain the system very well and many many people have tried these around the world with success. As a matter of fact, many of those people who use these systems are Americans :D To be honest, most of these things are invented in USA! That is one of the reasons which makes me interested to apply for PHD positions in USA.
I'm once again appreciate and thankful on the next topic on how to find and opened circuit or shorted wire.i'm still following your channel.because it is a basic on finding faultin wirings,however, not all the mechanic do rigth on finding opened circuit in shortest way. once again thanks.
Yes, injector will still work. However, if you start seeing misfire DTCs (codes) for that cylinder, then swap wires on the injector. You won't damage anything. Thanks for sharing...
If I swap the wire leads could wire two more injectors Ino the same wire feed so other
Actual current flow is - to + as shown in this video, so why do manufacturers make the + wires thicker in systems such as heated rear screen? Coil packs?
Yes, you're right. We may not have the best primary education, but higher up at the level you want to be in things change dramatically. Yes, I'm interested in what you have to say, think and know about fuel saving and power boosting technologies. I'd also like to share all this knowledge with everyone. Feel free to message me about your ideas. Thanks so much...
Thanks...also take a look at our new series "Stories from the Road" right here on this free channel. It's about 80 videos on that series...
I have a 2008 Dodge Grand Caravan with the 3.3 liter engine. Does this video describe the fuel injection system for my car? Are you saying the ASD relay changes state every time an injector fires?
CONTINUED: Then another mode does the other 6 cyl. The idea is to have the de-activated cylinders take turns one different trips. Don't worry about spark. A waste spark DIS system does spark on exhaust anyways and it's fine. Spark is good... Good luck..
Thanks for replying. Does it cause any damage to the ECU or any other parts of the car if I use the signal wire of one of the injector to run an extra fuel injector? I'm planing to install a fuel injector in the air intake of the car and inject water-alcohol mixture into the air intake and I was thinking I could connect the new injector to the signal wire of one of the main injectors so they could function together so I don't have to use a PWM to adjust the new injector manually.
@ ADPTraining:
Can the postitif power supply for the injector be merged with positive supply of all the injectors, since the injector is only individually negatively controlled? In another word if, instead of having individual positives for each injector, we merge the +positive current for all the injectors in one connector and then feed all the injectors from that line but we keep the negative connection individual to each injector we the system still work?
Injector circuit was new and complicated to me before this videos.Will u provide more information.Thanks
Hello. Can we test the circuit as in the video by replacing the injector with a led bulb? (After Ecm immo off)
May I ask how much current injectors draw?
Assuming their internal resistance is 12ohm and power source is 12V, so can I say the current flowing through them is 1A.... thank you
Wow, that's very interesting. I do have a question, what do you mean you messed with the O2 sensor? That may work here in the states too. Thanks for posting...
I want to switch from ecm power controller to my own for bigger flames by injecting more fuel.. does the pulse vary or does it stay at one voltage? If they vary do they all change voltage at the same time or do they change like spark timing does? I more want it for rev limiter not for day use.. my car is not standerd!!
cool explanation of how the pulsing is done.
is it possible to check the solenoid ticking of an injector with 12 v battery directly?
If the injector is in short circuit, it mean that the injector is broken or did not function any more sir?
Yes, the internal winding short out.
OK, I see. The way cylinder de-activation works in by killing injector pulse, not coil. Forget coil and leave it. Coil pulse helps you get rid of leftover fuel in the cylinder and prevents flooding. Just kill the 12 volt supply, as you mentioned before. You must study the firing order and de-activate opposing cylinders, not just any cylinder. Good luck...
Hello EvilArron77 and thanks for posting, your participation keeps us alive. In regards to your comment, the best way to do away with hatred and bigotry is to travel far and away, and see the beauty of other cultures and humanity as a whole. We do whatever we can to make better videos and we also invite all the nations and peoples of the world, all races and sexual orientations, and all human beings to post and participate in our channel. I am an American, very proud of it and that's it.
sir it is clever information, i have no ground pulse on a one cylinder motorbike where do i start ecu, but im not clever enough to know why i am not getting pulse, tested a few sensors, seem to be correct readings, im stumped,thanks for reading , john. im 72.
It is not ground controlled. Actually the transistor just complete the electrical path to the ground. The reason it is configured this way is because a car is wired so the whole body is ground potential. It would get more complicated if the injectors have fixed ground, and the computer switch the supply voltage on and off.
Very old Volvos I remember had power switched injectors, but no one uses that now...
i have this problem on mercedes benz a 170 ( y62y3-fuel injector cylinder,open circuit stored in wiring P0203...HOW I CAN FIX?
Hi just a quick point some people may not understand some point s in the video due to learning electronics in conventional current flow rather than electron flow theory.
Thank you very much. I really appreciated that training . Once again ,,thanks.
👍❤️🎄 Happy new year...
Thanks, all we ask is that you post and participate...Thanks again.
Well I'm looking to deactivate, when desired, 6 ignition coils and their 6 fuel injectors. I want to be able to deactivate a bank of 6 cylinders of my v12, let's say for example on long red lights. No big deal for an error code I don't care much about the "check engine light" in this case, unless other major problems could occur.
great explanation of the injector wiring circuit.
good example of a basic injector circuit
this helps me understand how an injector circuit works
THanks for sharing.
I'm here to serve and help folks out. Good luck.
what type of signal is the pulse?? it's a 5v pulse or something else?
thanks
cool to see how the circuit are controlled and makes the injector fire.
Chris Soto Most appreciated.
Thank you this is a reliable source
Ok, and installed in the engine 4g63 na would also work only with the CAS. the engine would start ?. I can eliminate the other sensors and only with the CAS will the motor work? please answer me
Nope...
How many amps does an average fuel injector draw?
So what supplies the signal to the ecm?
In case of the Injector, the crank sensor or a combination of cam and crank. See my Ebooks for more...
www.autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com/Automotive_Diagnostic_Repair_Book_Catalog.htm
which engine is better efi or mpi for better fuel economy ?
All
Thank you for replying my comment... I'll look them up for more info .
I have 94 1.6 in my 96 civic an two injectors aren't working but when I used the noid to test them it lights up on all of em so idk whats going on I don't know much about mechanics
Rabid wolverine you probably already got it fixed but they are probably stuck
Dear sir, is there no require polarity to connect wire
Yes, but on MPFI is not that important. On GDI it's very important.
Thanks for describing the ASD circuit
Current is normally said to flow from positive to negative, and that is the direction shown by the arrow on the transistor symbol that you are showing. It just confuses everyone to talk about current flowing the other way. (Yes, yes, free electrons drift that way but holes go the other way. We don't need a physics lesson here.) Secondly, saying "actually" in every other sentence doesn't ACTUALLY add anything to the meaning.
You would think a high current enters the component through a large - wire and makes it's way back to the battery through a smaller + wire.
What is wrong with people , you try to help them and they act like kids! At least they should look into what they are crying about before all the criticism ! Thanks for another informative video , Mr concepcion.
Yes, you're right. Thanks for posting.
Excellent and we'll explained
Thank you.
how could I set up a single injector to inject a constant amount of fuel to a homemade two cycle engine. Pulse width must be very small------maybe 1 or 2 milliseconds so my engine could just idle at constant speed. No throttle control is necessary.Any help?
Mike Hart Use an LM55 timer chip. The web is full of these circuits. Or use one of our gadgets here in our books titled "Make Your Own Auto Diagnostic Equipment" here:www.autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com/Automotive_Diagnostic_Repair_Book_Catalog.htm
i guess you forgot to emphasize that inside the injector is a solenoid valve that closes and opens with respect to the pulse current fed on it thus allowing the fuel to pass through....
what would happen if the 2 wires on the plug going to the injector were reversed or back words
Polarity of magnetic field reverses, hence no injection
I encourage you to continue to use the system you prefer. There's a saying "You can take the tiger out of the jungle, but not the jungle out of the tiger". Good bye Tiger.
PS. Old habits die hard.
Hi have a Hyundai accsent 1996 but all injector works when I test them bout one a work in the line ' I take out number one that is working put it in 4 it's not working and ist work in one .So 3 don't work and one work so one out of the 3 that don't work I take out one put in ware the one that works and it good so what is it's that wrong?
Very we'll explained.good video
Thank you.
autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com
Ecm signal to injector ar idle is how many volts
Excellent vide. Thank you very much
Has nothing to do with it. High current doesn't enter anything. The current is the same throughout the entire circuit and it's regulated by the resistance of the circuit. RESISTANCE is everything. RESISTANCE is NOT FUTILE...
Try and be more specific and make a reference to your case or issue so that we can help you...
Good info
Well i do not know if you could answer this question... i have a 1985 toyota celica gt and the injectors are not getting any power or pulse and none of the mechanics that have looked at my car can't figure out why there is no pulse to the injectors i see that you are talking about a relay but none knows where the relay is located.. please help old man needs car
Ok, the relay has to be somewhere. The system provides steady B+ and pulsating ground. Any tech worth anything can find this issue right away.
I just did a quick Google search and found it right away. www.justanswer.com/toyota/5l3za-toyota-celica-circuit-opening-relay-fuel-pump.html
they do positive pushs the flod to ground then it returns to the source
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autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com
Does anyone know what is a injection computer box of nissan terrano is for?
thanks relay was my issue, inyector 1&3 works inyector 2&4 clogged i remplace relay and works... like and suscribe
Very nice! I like it!
Thanks, here are my Injector and other testers.
I have a 2 jz vvti twin turbo how to wire it and start it on the ground
Me ask you sir how to check always supply in number 2 only
Wiring diagram
I said that we don't need a physics lesson but you ADPTraining certainly do. The electron's role and even its charge-to-mass ratio were already known at the end of the 19th century. The concept of CONVENTIONAL CURRENT is too well embedded in textbooks, professional engineering practice and teaching to be overthrown by you. Transistors can't work without internal charge transports in both directions. When do you think the transistor symbol was conceived?
Thank you, this is a very informative video. I'm facing an issue with one of the injectors on my jeep.
No, thank you. This gadget might also help:... www.autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com/Injector_Pulser_Tool.html
Thanks that's great amazing video
im working on a subaru 2.5 v4 or H4 and 2 fuel injectors on the passenger side are pulsing just fine, the driver side is pulsing three of four times a second. what will cause this, (its not setting off a code its a 200 Subaru outback legacy.
+rubbertramp wrattchett You may have a shorting injector wire to ground, hence the intermittent extra pulses. See this might help.... www.autodiagnosticsandpublishing.com/Injector_Pulser_Tool.html
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Tengo un fort focos 1.8 turbo que tiene un fallo p 1200 y humea mucho
I have a 1991 Toyota Camry LE, I have power to the fuel pump but not to the fuel injectors what could cause this
Fuse relays.
VSS? does this mean vehicle speed sensor?
Yes
Hi sir
I have a problem whint my car
My car is manzda 323 bakkie
No power form distrubuto the Wire for distrubuto on power
Thanks
Year and engine size please.